上海市虹口区2021届高三二模英语试题(含答案解析)

虹口区2020学年度第二学期期中学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷2021.4考生注意：I.考试时间12U分钟,试卷满分1仙分.

.虹口二模听力音频双击图标打开收听.mp3.本考试设试卷和答摩纸两部分,所有答JS必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题最上，做在试卷上一律不得分，.答题前，务必在答题域上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.1.LUfenlngComprehensionSectionADirections:\nSectionA,youwillheartenftliortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversatinn,aquestionwillheaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theennversiatinnsandthequestionswillhespokenonlyonce.Afteryonhearaconversationandrhequestionaboutit.readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Tnthelivingroom. B.Tnthebedroom. C.Tnthebathroom. D.Inthediningroom.A,At8:30, B.At9:00, C,At930, D.At10:00,A.TopickupthewomanfromIlielibraiyTnmakeacopynPlhescheduleforhisrrietiil.Tngetacopynfthescheduleforthev/niiian.TofuidoutmoreaboutHittopicfurtheconference.A.Sheduesn'LLhiiikaLalaboutfitrRudies.Sheh笛diHitLillyinduingherC・Shedoesn'tunderstandthecoursesheistaking.D.Sheh酌notimetodealwithherassignments*A,Languageschoolsarcbeingestablishedeverywhere,Languageschoolsaremorethanotlieitypesafschools.ToomanyoverseasCanadiansarcfondofteachingEnglish.TeachingEnglishisthebiggestbusinessthroughouttheworld.A.Ikfailedthecxain. D.Ikstudiedveryhard.C.Theexamwastooeasy, D.Theexammadehimsmile,A.Themancan*tfind口quieterplace.Themanshouldccnsidcrhisprivacyfirst.Themanhadbetterchoosealow-rentapartment.Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofiheschooldormitory;A.Theconstructionlastslongerthanexpected, B.Themanusuallygetsuplate.C.Theworkersdrivethemancrazy D.Thsconstructionisreallyannoying.A.Themanshouldapplyforthejob.TheITindustryisboomingveryfestThewomanisluckytohaveherpresentjob.Therearetoomanyunemployedskilledworkers.A.Sherefusedthejobtomakeendsmeet.Sherefusedthejobbecauseofthelowsalary.Sheacceptedthejobbecauseoftheconvenienthours.Sheneededthejobandwouldacceptitdespitethelowsalary.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation7andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Wheny»uhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arcbasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Theyhaveashortmemory B.Theyhavelanguageinterference.C.Theyarelackinginlanguageskills D.Theydon7tknowthelanguagepatterns.A.AllRussianwordshavegenders.Russianhasfewergrammarrules.Russianhasdifferentsentencestructures.RussianhasanobligatorycategoryforgenderA.Translatorshavelanguageinterference.Languageshavedifferentobligatoiycategories.Languagesconnectwiththecommunitythatusesthem-D・Translationisobviouslyaone-waystreetforanylanguage.Questions14through16arcbasedonthefollowingpassage.A,Becausethesoundofwavesistoonoisy.Becausetheexperimentmaypollutethewater,CaBecausethesoundofwavesmayharmseaanimalsD・Becausetheseaanimahmaydisturbtheexperiment.A.Tohelptracktheseaanimalsbeingtested.Toattractmoreseaanimalstothetestingsite.TodrivedangerousseaanimalsawayfromthetestingsiteTodeterminehowseaanimatscommunicatewitheachother.A.Theywerefrightenedanddistressed.Theyswamawaywhenthespeakerwasturnedon.TheyswamclosertothespeakerwhenthespeakerwasturnedofTD・TheyswamnearthespeakerwhetherthespeakerwasturnedonorofTQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation*A.Shewantsthemtoloseweight,too.Shewantsthemtodoexercisewithher.Shewantsihemtostopeatingunhealthyfoods.Shewantstlieirsupportandhelpwithherproblems,A.Itdoesharmtoone'shealth,B<Itcausesonetoneglectotherthings.Itdoesn'thelpotherstoincreasehealth.Itpreventsonefromachievinghisorhergoal.A.Tlieydon'thavepracticalgoals.Theydon'tstrivehardfortheirgoals.Theyarebusyandtheylosefocusontheirgoals.Theylosefocusontheirgoalsshortlyaftertheysetthem.A.Celebratethesuccessinreachingthegoal.Setandadiicvcanvtiicrgoalofhigherlevels,Encourageclosefriendstoset口ndreachtheirgoals.Acknowledgetheachievementandseewhatthenextstepis.ILGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebdow.fillin(heblanksto【miked)cpassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbesttitseachblank.TheYearinaWordorTwoCananybwiydescribeayearwithonlyoneword?EachDecember,theOxfordEnglishDictionary(OED)nominates(提名)awordtodescribetheveryyear(21)hasjustpassed.2020wasaveryunusualyearthatwasreallyworthy(22)(describe)withtwowords.TwooftheobviouswordstheOEDsuggestedwere^pandemic(疫情厂and“lockdown」duetomostofhumanactivitiesacrosstheglobe(23)(bring)toastopbythelife-tlireataiingdisease.Businesseshavebeenclosedandpeoplehavehadtostayintheirhomesforweeksorevenmonthsonend.(24)Iwouldliketonominate"cDoperation''and"hope"asmywordsoftheyearbecauseitissupposedtobedescribedinamorepositiveand(25)(helpless)wa%becausetherewasagreatdealofcooperationbetweencountriesandinternationalhealthorganizations.ChinatookaleadingroleinthiseftbrtbysendingmasksandprotectiveclothingtoCanada,theUnitedStatesandEurope.(26)tocountriesintheMiddleEastandAfrica<Withoutthiscoopcratioruthepandemicbad(27)ithasbeen,couldhavebeenmuchworse.Andthatbringsmetomysecondword:hope.Wbarcbeginningtoseethelightattheendoftheeunnd.an&withalittle"hope,“wewillgettoseetheworldbegintoreturntonormal.Foryoungpeople,itwasthefirsttimethatthey(28)(experience)somethingbig.awortythattheysharedwiththeirfamilies,friendsandneighbors,andasuffering(29)(endure)atthismomentandtobeendurednextfewweeks.Andtheyalsolearnedthat"hope"—thebeliefthat(30)youwillseetomorrowwillbebetterthantoday—isattheheartofeveryhumanbeing.With"cooperation”and“hope,”2021shouldmakeforawonderfulyear.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.NotethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneedA.mobilityB.concerningC-joblessnessD.upcomingE.unemployedEautomatedG.deliberatelyH.inequalityI.quotedJ.assumedK.significantlyWillaRobotReallyTakeYburJob?Itisoneofthemostwidelyquoteddataofrecentyears.NoreportorconibrenccpresentationonthefutureofworkiscompletewithoutitIthasbeenpointedtoasevidenceofa(n)_31_jobsdisasterbythink-tanksandgovernmentagencies.Thefindingthat47percentofAmericanjobsareathighriskofbeing32bythemid-2030scomesfromapaperwrittenbytwoOxfordacademics,CarlBenediktFreyandMichaelOsborne,Ithassincebeen_33_inmorethan"JOGotheracademicarticles.Suchmisunderstandingsreflectthepolarized(两极分化的)debate_34_thenatureofautomationandthefutureofjobs.Atoneextremearethenegativists.Theywamofmasstechnological35justaroundthecomer.Oneadvocateofthisposition,MartinFord,haswrittentwobest-sellingbooksonthedangersofunemploymentcausedbyautomation.Heworriesthatmtddle-classjobswilldisappear,economic_36_willcease,andtlierichestpeopleinacountrycould“shutthemselvesawayingatedcommunities,perhapsguardedbyselMirectedmilitaryrobotsanddrones/*The_37_masseswillliveonauniversalbasicincome.Atthepositiveendofthedebate,classicaleconomistsarguethatinthepast,newtechnologyhasalwaysendedupcreatingmorejobsthanithasdestroyed.Itwasseveraldecadesbeforeindustrializationledto_38_higherwagesforBritishworkersintheearly1800s.Whileautomationislikelytoincrease_39_intheshortrunbypushingsomepeopleintolower-paidjobs,iteventuallyincreasestheoverallsizeoftheeconomicpk.Freyisoften_40_tobeinthefirstcamp.Hispapersimplywantedtopointoutthat47percentofthecurrentjobsinAmericaweremorelikelytobeaffectedbyautomation.Itgotmoreattentionthantheywouldeverhaveexpected.Inpari,thisisbecausefearsells^particularlywhenitisstirredupbyamisunderstanding,ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagethereareiburwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.IsTapWaterSafetoDrink?Tapwaterisnotwithoutifeproblems.Morerecently^theMichiganCityofFlinthasbeenstrugglingwithhighlead(铅)levelsinitsdrinkingwater.Overtheyearspeoplehavewitnessedmajor_41_ofgroundwaterpollulionleadingtounhealthyrapwaterThenonprofitEnvironmentalWorkingGroup(EWG)detectedsome260pollutantsinpublicwatersuppliesin42statesandfaultedtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(ERA)for42toestablishstandardsonsomanyof(hepollutants-fromindustry,agriculture,andurbanrivers-thatdoendupinourwater.Despitetheseseemingly_43_statistic幻theNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(NRDC),whichhasalsoconductedaseriesof_44_testsonmunicipal(市政的)watersuppliesaswellasbottledwater,says,“Intheshortterm,ifyouarcanadultwithnospecialhealth_45.andyouarenotpregnant,thenyoucandrinkmostcities"tapwaterwithouthavingtoworry."Thisisbecausemostofthepollutantsinpublicwatersuppliesexistatsuchsmallconcentrationsthatmostpeoplewouldhaveto_46_veryrlargequantitiesforhealthproblemstooccur._47_tloukatyourwaterbuttlescarefullyIttscumnionfbrtlicintulistthesourceas“municipdllwhichmeansyoupaidforwhat48isbottledtapwater.“Pregnantwomen,youngchildren,theelderly,peoplewithchronicillnessesandthosewithweakenedimmunesystemscanbevulnerable（脆弱的）totherisksposedbypollutedwaler,“NRJDCdoes_49_,however.Thegroupsuggeststhatanyonewhomaybeatriskobtainacopyoftheircity'sannualwaterqualityreportandreviewitwiththeir_50_.Asforbottledwater,25to30percentofiicomesstraightfrommunicipaltapwatersystems,despitetheprettynature_51_onthebottlesthatimplyotherwise.Someofthatwatergoesthroughadditionalfiltering（过滤％butsomedoesnotWh&t'smore,bottledwaterisrequiredtobe52lessfrequentlythantapwaterforbacteriaandchemicalpollutants,andU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationbottledwaterrulesallowfbrsomepollutionby£c。〃（大肠杆菌）,_53_toEPAtapwaterrulesthatprohibitanysuchpollution.Also,NRDCfoundthatthereareno_54_fbrbottledwatertobedisinfectedortestedfbrparasites（寄生虫）,unlikemorestrictEPArulesregulatingtapwaler.Thisleavesthepossibility_55_,saysNRJDC,thatsomebottledwatermaypresentsimilarhealththreatstothosewithweakenedimmunesystems.41.A.casesB.patternsC.modelsD.modes42.A.managingB.failingC.competingD.skipping43.A.endlessB.appealingC.ahnuingD.meaningless44.A.expansiveB.expensiveC.aggressiveD.extensive45,A.motivationsB.focusesC.conditionsD.proportions46.A.turninB.giveawayC.takeupD.takein47.A.TostartwithB.AfterallC.InadditionD.Onthewhole48.A.necessarilyB.essentiallyC.accordinglyD.dramatically49.A.recommendB.camionC.justifyD.urge50.A.supervisorB.secretaryC.authorityD.physician5LA.scenesB.brandsC.dataD.prints52.A.questionedB-producedC.testedD.advertised53.A.8mmryB.similarC.relativeD>parallel54.A.requirementsB.suggestionsC.permissionsD.approvals55.A.realB.minorC.uncertainD.openSectionBDirecrtons:ReadtheIbllowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,CandD.Choosetheonetliatfitsbestaccordingtotheinfbniiatiorigiveninthepassageyouhavejustred.(A)Eachgeneration--fromBabyBoomerstoGenerationXtoMillennials-hasitsownsetofvaluesandcharacteristics.Butonethingcommontoallgenerationsisthattheyarcsufferingfromstress-InarecentpollbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)3allagegroupsnowreporthigherlevelsofstressthaninthepast.BabyBoomers(thosebomroughlybetween1946and1964,andwhoarenowmovingintotheirretirementyears)satdthattheyarestressedaboutearningsandhealthissues.GenXers(bomroughlybetween1965and1980)areconcernedaboutwork,income,andjobstability.However,Millennials(bomroughlybetween1981and2004)areturningouttobethemoststressed-outofallthegenerations.Pollresultsindicatethatstresslevelsfortheseyoungerrespondentsaresignificamlyaboveaverage^Sowhat'sworryingtheMillennials?Millennialsarethefirstgenerationtogrowupwithcomputers沁thehomeandtheclassroom.Duetotheriseofmodemtechnologyandsocialmedia,theyarcconsCantlyshoweredwithinformation.Overtime,thisinformationoverloadcanbecometoomuchtohandleandcanresultinstress,whichintumcancauseseriousphysical,psychological,andemotionalproblems.Anothercontributingfoctoi;accordingtoauthorMichaelD.Hais,isthatmanyMillennialshavelivedshelteredlivesduetooverprotectiveparents.Theseyoungadultslackproblem-solvingskillsandmaystrugglewithfearoffeilureoncetheyleavehome.Makingmattersworse,the2008economicdepressionoccurredwhenmanyMillennialsweregraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege.Theresultingeconomicslowdownreducedthenumberofavailablejobsforgraduates.Sureenough,intheAPApoll,Millennialssaidthatworktmoney,relationships,familyresponsibilities,andtheeconomyarediemainstressorsintheirlives.However,thepollresultsmaybeabitmisleadingastheydon'ttakeintoaccountpublicattitudestowardstressandmentalillness.RonaldKesslerofHarvardMedicalSchool,whohasstudiedtheprevalence(流行)ofmentaldisordersintheU.Srpointsoutthatchangesinsocialattitudeshavehelpedreducethestigmaattachedtomentalillnessoverthsyears.Forexample,thecreationofhealth-relatedtelevisionprogrammingandspecialtymagazinessuchasPsychologyTodayhavecontributedtogreaterpublicawarenessofmentalhealthissues.Accordingtopsychologists,youngerpeoplenowaremorewillingtoadmittothemthatrheyareunderstressthaninthepast,“ThereisnotalotofevidenceoftrueprevalencehavinggoneupJKesslersays."Itlockslikeyoungerpeopleareinworseshape,butunfortunatelywejustdon'tknow.”56,ItcanbelearnedfromtheresultsoftheAPApollthat.

AllagegroupsareexperiencingmorestressthanbeforeMillennialshavemorestressthanbefore,butotheragegroupsaren'tComparedwithotheragegroups,MillennialshavemoreoverprotectiveparentsD・Stresslevelsaredownfbrallagegroups,butthey'redownthemostforMillennials57.isacauseofworryacrossallgenerations.A.Health B.Occupation C.Money D,WeakeconomyWhat飞thepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“stlgm短'inthelastparagraph?A.Behavior. B.Shame. C.Symptom. D.Complexity.Accordinglothepassage,whatcanbeinfenedabouttheyoungpeopletodaycomparedlothepast?A.Theyfoiltokeepgoodbodyshape.B・Theyarcmoreinterestedinhealth-relatedmedia.Iheyaremorewillingandcourageoustofaceuptotheirfault.Theyaremorewillingtoseekprofessionalhelptodealwithstress.⑸CKM/ky«ack21260m•0ownhWad c”.250240OMMnans••nperawr.r>^».LRvtn^nM*W<np«*iM«vponmrtgwBfmxtw 0*CWI»no secureWax4・8一•。CKM/ky«ack21260m•0ownhWad c”.250240OMMnans••nperawr.r>^».LRvtn^nM*W<np«*iM«vponmrtgwBfmxtw 0*CWI»no secureWax4・8一•。EandhmAwwmcw>HBvCir^««bACtW—125JORNQta-bOS4«ft«i»9fTMIptOO“C<apfwbytriKw(!!«•«iouiandMeatandpoult，cookedthou由81toihesetemperaiuresarecenerally$afato63t.FRESHBEEFCelswsFah/enheitRare60140-Medium71160VfeflDCTH77170GroundBeaf77170FRESHVEAL77170FRESHLAMBMedium77170WdlDone32160----FRESHPORK77170血URYChickefl82-S5180J85Turkey82-35180-185BonelessTurkeyRoasts77-80170-175SWfingQnsirteoroutsidelhetMC|74165CUREDPORKHam,RawiCookWcceeafirg)71 160Ham/utycookediH&atbsfaflsawing)60 14CSba/der(Cookbe'oreealing)77 17C・•1•,

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Gooseu55578886O-第的0)-4-4-・・4■7655-7444一7laza282*R»ct>ccftspoMHWycwstwidk^wlhkockhgiltow>y［纷FrrearescmaIMpoiscnngocjantsms即可5UTVM.Bacteriaarctheoneofthemainfoodpoisoners.So.togetfbodonthetabicsafely,youneedtuknowandfallowtherulesforfoodcare,KEEPFOODHOTHighfoodtemperatures(165°Fto212°F)reachedinboilingbaking,frying.androastingkillmostfoodpoisoningbacteria.Ifyouwanttodelayservingcookedfood,though,youliavetokeepitataholdingtemperature—roughly1400Fto1650F.Steamtablesandchafingdishesaredesignedtomaintainholdingtemperatures•Buttheydon'talwayskeepfoodhotenough.Soit'snotwisetoleavehotfoodoutmorethan2hours.Wliencookedfoodisleftoutuiilieated,thepossibilityofbacterialgrowthisgreater,sincethefoodquicklydropstoroomtemperaturewherefoodpoisonersmultiply.Toservehotfoodssafely-particularlymeatandpoultry,whicharehighlyaffectedbyfoodpoisoning-followtheserules:Cookthoroughly—Cookmeatandpoultrytothe"doneness"temperaturesgiveninrheabovechart.Tomakesurethatmeatandpoultryarecookedallthewaythrough,useameatthermometerInsertthetipintothelliickestpartofthemeat,avoidingfatorbone.Don'tinterruptcooking—Cookmeatandpoultrycompletelyatonetime.Partialcookingmayencouragebacterialgrowthbeforecookingiscomplete,Cookingfrozenfood-Allowfrozenfoodmoretimetocook-generally1.5timestheperiodrequiredforfoodthathasbeeneawed（解冻）.Atwhattemperaturedobacteriagrowthefostest?A.40℃~60℃, B.6g-1250F, C40t-1400c D.12sop740°F..Tokeepfoodsafe,itissuggestedthat.hotfoodshouldnotbeleftoutovertwohoursfrozenfoodshouldbethawedwithamicrowaveovenrawhamshouldbecookedtothe4，donenessvtemperatureat71°FsteamtablesandchafingdishesshouldbeusedtokeepfoodhotenoughWhatcanbelearnedaccordmgtotheguideline?Theonlywaytoensurefoodsafetyistokeepithotenough.Highfoodtemperaturesabove740Cdestroymostpoisoningbacteria,CComparedwithgoose,groundbeefshouldbecookedtohighertemperatures,UInsertthetipofathermometerintothethickestpartofthefattocontrolthetemperature^（C）"Awriter'sjobistotellthetruth」saidHemingwayin1942.Nootherwriterofourtimehadsofiercelystated,orsoconsistently（一贯地）illustratedthewriter'sdutytospeaktruly.Hisstandardoftruth-tellingremained,moreoversohighandsostrictthathewasordinairilyunwillingtoadmitsecondaryevidence,whetherliteraryevidenceorevidencepickedupfromothersourcesthanhisownexperience."IonlyknowwhatIhaveseen*wasastatementwhichcameoftentohislipsandpen.Whathehadpersonallydone,orwhatheknewunforgettablybyhavinggonethroughoneversionofiLwaswhathewasinterestedintellingabout.Theprimaryintentionofhiswriting,fromfirsttolast,wastoseizeandprojectforthereaderwhatheoftencalled“thewayitwas".Thisisacharacteristicallysimplephraseforaconceptofextraordinarycomplexity,andHemingway'sconceptofitsmeanings"加"（微妙土也）changedseveraltimesinthecourseofhiscareer—alwaysinthedirectionofgreatercomplexity.Attliecoreoftheconcept,however,onecaninvariablyrecognizetheoperationofthreeinstrumentsofbeautyappreciation:thesenseofplace,thesenseoffact,andthesenseofscene.Thefirstofthese,obviouslyastrongpassionwithHemingway,isthesenseofplace.“Unlessyouhavegeography,background,heoncetoldGeorgeAntheiU'Vouhavenothing.*1Youhave,thatistosay»adramaticvacuum.Fewwritershavebeenmoreplace-conscious.Fewhavesocarefullychartedoutthegeographicalgroundworkoftheirnovelswhilemanagingtokeepbackgroundsounnotkcablc.Few,accordingly,havebeenabletorecordmoreeconomicallyandgraphicallythewayitiswhenyouwatchthebullsrunningthroughthestreetsofPamplona,Spaintowardsthebull-ring.“WhenIwokeitwasthesoundof（herocketexplodingthatannouncedthereleaseofthebulls.Downbelowthenarrowstreetwasempty.Allihebalconieswerecrowdedwithpeople.Suddenlyacrowdcamedownthestreet.Theywereallrunning,packedclosetogether.Theypassedalongandupthestreettowardthebull-ringandbehindthemcamemoremenrunningfaster7andthensomestragglers（落后者）whowerereallyrunning.Behindthemwasalittlebarespace,andthenthebullstossingtheirheadsupanddown.Ltallwentoutofsightaroundthecomer.Onemanfell,rolledtothegutter（排水沟），andlayquiet.Butthebullswentrightonanddidnotnoticehim.Theywereallrunning（ogecher.**What'sthemainideaofthefirsttwoparagraphs?Hemingway'swritingbeganfromrealityandthenhewouldlethismindwanderHemingway'sprimarypurposeinwritingwastoreportfaithfullyrealityasheexperienceditHemingway^writingreflectshispreferenceforasimplestorythatthereaderwouldthoroughlyenjoy-Hemingwaywouldconstructastorythatwouldreflecttruthsthatwerenotparticulartoaspecifichistoricalperiod.ItcanbeinterredfromthepassagethatHemingwaypreferredasthesourcesforhiswork.StoriesthathehadexperiencedratherthanreadaboutStoriesthathehadreadaboutinnewspapersorothersourcesStoriestliathehadheardfromfriendsorchanceacquaintancesStoriesthatcametohiminperiodsofdeepthinkingorindreamsTheauthorcalls“th。wayitwas"a^characteristicallysimplephraseforaconceptofextraordinarycomplexity"because,itshowshowHemingwayunderstatedcomplexissuesinhisbooksitreflectsHemingway'stalentformakingordinaiyeventsdifficulttounderstandHemingway'sobsessionforgeographicdetailsovershadowedthedramaticelementofhisstoriestherelationshipbetweensimplicityandcomplexityreflectedtherelationshipbetweenthestyleandcontentofHemingway'swritingWhydoestheauthorincludeanexcept(节选)fromTheSunAlsoRisesinthelastparagraph?Tovividlyillustrateh»wexcitingthebullrunis.Todemonstratethatallkindsofrunnerscantakepartinthebullrun.C・ToshowHemingway'sdelicatedescriptionofthebackgroundofthebullrun.D.Toplacegreateremphasisontheimportanceofgeography,economicallyspeaking.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegivenintliebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Fromthere,havethemdecidewhowillcompletewhattasks.B・AssignleadershiprolesofvaryingimportancetoeverymemberofagrouptohelpallindividualspracticeleadingOften,leadersof(hegrouparealsotheonesthatmakemostofthedecisions.Sometimestheseareminorandeasilyhandled,butotliertimestlieycanripateamapartifimproperlymanaged.Overall,61%ofcooperative-learningclassesachievedsignificantlyhighertestscoresthantraditionalclasses.Theseopportunitiescanbefoundincooperativelearning,whichdiffersfromtraditionallearningwherestudentsworkindependently.BenefitsofCooperativeLearningIntheclassroomteachersshoulddeliberatelycreateopportunitiesforstudentstocooperatewitheachother7shareresponsibilities,solveproblems,andcontrolconflict(67)Cooperativelearningactivitiesrequirestudentstoworktogetherinsmallgroupstocompleteaprojectoractivity,operatingasateamtohelpeachothersucceed.YoumaybewonderingwhatbenefitsstudentsgainfromcooperativelearningsTheanswerismany!Cooperativekaming,ofcourse,teachesanumberofsocialandemotionalskills,butitalsogivesstudentstheopportunitytoleamfromeachother.ThefollowingskillsthataredevelopedthroughregularandeffectivecooperativelearningarejustafewofmanyInorderforacooperativelearninggrouptosucceed,individualswithinthegroupneedtoshowleadershipabilities4Withoutthis,th。groupcannutmoveforwardwithoutateachclNaturalleadensbecomequicklyevidentinsmallgroups,butmoststudentsdon'tnaturallywanttolead.(68)Also,effectiveteamworkrequiresgoodcommunicationandcommitmentAllmembersofacooperativelearninggrouphavetolearntospeakproductivelywithoneanothertostayontrack.Byteachingstudentstoshareconfidently,listencarefully,andspeakclearly,theylearntovaluetheinputoftheirteammatesandthequalityoftheirworksoars.Conflictsareboundtoariseinanygroupsetting.(69)Givestudentsspacetotryandworkouttheirissuesforthemselvesbeforesteppingin.Therearemanydecisionstobemadeinacooperativeenvironment.Encouragestudentstothinkasateamtomakejointdecisionsbyfirsthavingthemcomeupwithateamname.(70)Makesurethateachstudenthastheirownresponsibilities山cooperativelearninggroups.Muchlikeleadershipskills,decision-makingskillscannotbedevelopedifstudentsarenotregularlypracticingthem.IkSummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.. NewTestingMethodinEraofOnlineLearningInresearchpublishedtodayinScienceofLearningengineersfromRensselaerPolytechnicInstitutedemonstratehowatestingstrategytheycall^distancedonlinetesting”caneffectivelyreducestudents*abilitytoreceivehelpfromoneanotherinordertoscorehigheronatesttakenatindividualhomesduringsocialdistancing.“Ofteninremoteonlineexams,studentscantalkoverthephoneerinternettodiscussanswers/1saidGcWang,achairprofessorofbiomedicalengineeringatRensselaerandthecorrespondingauthoronthispaper-^Thckeyideaofourmethodistominimizethischanceviadiscreteoptimization(离散优化)aidedbyknowledgeofastudent'scompetencies/1Whenadistancedonlinetestisperformed,studentsreceivethesamequestions,butatvaryingtimesdependingontheirskilllevel.Forinstance,stud