初中英语单词分类记忆大全

初中英语单词分类记忆一、分类记忆法名词(1星期(weekMonday(星期一Tuesday(星期二Wednesday(星期三Thursday(星期四Friday(星期五Saturday(星期六Sunday(星期天(2月份(monthJanuary(一月February(二月March(三月April(四月May(五月June(六月July(七月August(八月September(九月October(十月November(十一月December(十二月(3季节(seasonspring(春节summer(夏天autumn(秋天winter(冬天(4时间(timesecond(秒minute(分hour(小时day(天night(夜week(星期month(月份year(年century(世纪(7方位(directioneast(东south(南west(西north(北left(左right(右(8交通工具(transportbike/bicycle(自行车bus(公共汽车car(小汽车jeep(吉普车train(火车ship(轮船plane(飞机(9饮食(mealbreakfast(早餐lunch(午餐supper(晚餐dinner(正餐、晚餐snack(快餐picnic(野餐(10米面及肉类食品rice(米、米饭porridge(粥dumpling(饺子noodle【常用复数】(面条meat(肉beef(牛肉mutton(羊肉chicken(鸡肉egg(鸡蛋(11水果(fruitApple(苹果banana(香蕉pear(梨子orange(橙子strawberry(草莓(12蔬菜(vegetabletomato(西红柿potato(马铃薯carrot(胡萝卜cabbage(洋白菜、卷心菜onion(洋葱(13零食(snackchocolate(巧克力hamburger(汉堡包cake(蛋糕bread(面包mooncake(月饼icecream(冰淇淋cheese(奶酪salad(沙拉dessert(甜食candy(糖果biscuit(饼干pie(馅饼cheese(干酪;奶酪(14饮料(drinkjuice(果汁milk(牛奶tea(茶greentea(绿茶coffee(咖啡(15调料(relishbutter(黄油sauce(酱油sugar(糖salt(盐(16学习用品pen(钢笔pencil(铅笔eraser(橡皮擦ruler(直尺knife(小刀(17颜色(colorred红色(的yellow黄色(的blue蓝色(的green绿色(的black黑色(的white白色(的orange橙黄色(的brown棕色(的褐色(的pink粉红色(的purple紫色(的gray灰色(的(18衣着clothes(衣服hat(帽子shirt(衬衫T-shirt(男衬衫coat(外套、上衣raincoat(雨衣uniform(制服skirt(裙子dress(裙子、衣服trousers(裤子pants(裤子jeans(牛仔裤shorts(短裤sock(袜子shoe(鞋子(19科目(subjectChinese(汉语math(数学English(英语history(历史geography(地理biology(生物physics(物理chemistry(化学P.E.(体育(20身体部位(bodyhead(头hair(头发neck(脖子eye(眼睛nose(鼻子mouth(嘴巴tooth(牙齿ear(耳朵face(脸arm(手臂hand(手finger(手指heart(心back(背部knee(膝盖leg(腿foot(脚(21亲属father(父亲mother(妈妈parents(父母grandfather/grandpa(爷爷、外公grandmother/grandma(奶奶、外婆grandparents(爷爷奶奶、外公外婆brother(哥、弟sister(姐、妹cousin堂(表兄弟、堂(表姐妹husband(丈夫妻子(wifeson(儿子daughter(女儿uncle(叔、伯、舅、姨夫、姑父aunt(姨母、姑母、伯母、婶母、舅母(22动物(animallion(狮子tiger(老虎elephant(大象camel(骆驼cow(奶牛pig(猪fox(狐狸snake(蛇duck(鸭子chicken(鸡hen(母鸡bird(小鸟rabbit(兔子panda(熊猫deer(鹿giraffe(长颈鹿sheep(羊fish(鱼ant(蚂蚁mouse(mice/rat(老鼠dog(狗cat(猫monkey(猴子pig(猪(23职业teacher(老师doctor(医生nurse(护士policeman(男警察policewoman(女警察reporter(记者shopassistant(店员bankclerk(银行职员waiter(服务员scientist(科学家student(学生farmer(农民fisherman(渔夫cook(厨师barber(理发师(24公共场所shop/store(商店bank(银行hospital(医院policestation(警察局TVstation(电视站stop(车站cinema(电影院theater(戏剧院hotel(旅馆restaurant(餐馆factory(工厂company(公司market(市场supermarket(超市museum(博物馆postoffice(邮局school(学校airport(飞机场church(教堂(25学校(schoolprimaryschool(小学middleschool(中学juniorhighschool(初中seniorhighschool(高中university(大学(26房间(roomLiving-room(起居室、客厅bedroom(卧室bathroom(洗澡房kitchen(厨房(27宇宙sun(太阳moon(月亮star(星星earth(地球sky(天空air(空气rain(雨cloud(云wind(风snow(雪(28天气(weathersunny(晴朗的rainy(多雨的cloudy(多云的、阴天的windy(有风的snowy(多雪的(29运动(sportbasketball(篮球football(足球volleyball(排球baseball(网球tennis(羽毛球tabletennis/ping-pong(乒乓球(30乐器drum(鼓trumpet(喇叭piano(钢琴violin(小提琴guitar(吉他二、构词记忆法1、合成法由两个或者两个以上的词合成新词,这种构词法叫做合成法。classroom(教室=class+room,worldwide(全世界的=world(世界+wide(广泛的,downstairs(在楼下=down(向下+stairs(楼梯,friendship(友谊=friend(朋友+ship(船,everywhere(各地;到处=every+where.homework(家庭作业=home+work,housework(家务=house+work,southeast(东南部=south+east,underground(地下的=under(在……下面+ground(地面,schoolbag(书包→school+bag,homeland(故乡;祖国→home(家+land(土地,hometown(家乡→home(家+town(镇,basketball(篮球→basket(篮子+ball(球,special(adj.特殊的→special(n.特色菜,stop(v.停止→stop(n.车站,countryside(乡村→country(国家;乡村+side(边,playground(操场→play(玩+ground(地面,toothbrush(牙刷→tooth+brush(刷,toothpaste(牙膏→tooth+paste(糊状物,oversleep(睡过头→over+sleep,earthquake(地震→earth(地球+quake(震动2、词缀记忆法(1前缀1un-(不、非,表否定:able(能够……的→unable(不能的、comfortable(舒服的→uncomfortable(不舒服的、crowded(拥挤的→uncrowded(不拥挤的、pleasant(令人愉快的→unpleasant(使人不愉快的、usual(寻常的→unusual(不同寻常的、healthy(健康的→unhealthy(不健康的、happy(快乐的→unhappy(不快乐的、friendly(友好的→unfriendly(不友好的、2dis-(不、非,表否定:advantage(优点、优势→disadvantage(缺点、劣势、cover(覆盖→discover(发现、agree(同意→disagree(不同意、like→dislike(不喜欢、honest(诚实的→dishonest(不诚实的、play(玩→display(陈列3im-(不、非,表否定:polite(有礼貌的→impolite(不礼貌的、possible(可能的→impossible(不可能的4re-(又、再、重新:review(复习、return(归还、rewrite(重写、recycle(再循环;回收利用5inter-(相互、在一起:interview(面试、international(国际的、internet(因特网6en-(使encourage(鼓励、endanger(危及;使遭受危险(2后缀1-or/-er(从事某职业的人或某类人:actor(演员visitor(参观者collector(搜集者translator(翻译家director(主任;主管singer(歌手teacher(老师reader(读者writer(作家foreigner(外国人learner(学习者villager(村民winner(胜利者foreigner(外国人owner(所有者;物主law(法律→lawyer(律师特例:post(邮寄;邮政→poster(海报、draw(画画—drawer(抽屉、elevate(提升—elevator(电梯、equal(平等的—equator(赤道、cook(煮—cook(厨师—cooker(厨具、flower(花finger(手指slipper(拖鞋helicopter(直升机refrigerator(冰箱calculator(计算器2-ist(人,名词后缀:science(科学→scientist(科学家、art(艺术→artist(艺术家、tour(n.﹠v.旅行→tourist(旅行者、terrorist(恐怖分子3-tion(表示动作、状态,名词后缀:predict(v.预言→prediction(n.预言、compete(v.竞争→competition(n.竞争、invite(v.邀请→invitation(n.邀请、请柬、invent(v.发明→invention(n.发明instruct(v.指示→instruction(n.指示;用法说明attend(v.注意→attention(n.注意、专心、describe(v.描述—description(n.描述、attract(v.吸引→attraction(n.有吸引力的事物或人、pollute(v.污染→pollution(n.污染、donate(捐赠→donation(捐赠物;捐款、organize(组织→organization(组织;机构、pronounce(发音→pronunciation(发音(法4-ment(表示动作、状态,名词后缀:develop(v.发展→development(n.发展、advertise(v.登广告→advertisement(n.广告、entertain(v.款待;使娱乐→entertainment(n.娱乐、improve(v.改善→improvement(n.改善、argue(v.争论→argument(n.争论、state(v.陈述→statement(n.陈述;声明、require(v.要求→requirement(n.要求、government(政府5-ture/-ure(名词后缀picture(图画temperature(温度future(将来structure(结构;构造creature(生物pressure(压力pleasure(愉快6-th(名词后缀true(真实的→truth(真相breath(n.呼吸birth(n.出生7-ful(充满,形容词后缀:success(成功→successful(成功的、wonder(奇迹→wonderful(精彩的、color→colorful(颜色鲜艳的、丰富多彩的、beauty(美的东西→beautiful(美丽的、care→careful(仔细的、小心的、peace→peaceful(平静的、和平的、play→playful(顽皮的8-less(没有、无,形容词后缀:care→careless(粗心的、help→helpless(无助的、home→homeless(无家可归的9-y(表性质,形容词后缀:fun(乐趣→funny(有趣的、health(健康→healthy(健康的、sleep(睡觉→sleepy((困倦的、taste(味道;品尝→tasty(味美可口的、luck(运气→lucky(幸运的、shiny(有光泽的;发亮的sleepy(困倦的guilty(内疚的;有罪的salty(含盐的;咸的特例:photography(摄影(业energy(活力;力量10-al(…的,形容词后缀:nature(大自然、天性→natural(天然的、天生的、自然的、nation(国家→national(国际的、person(个人→personal(私人的、个人的、medicine(药、医学→medical(医学的、normal(正常的、final(最后的11-able(能够…的,形容词后缀:comfortable(舒服的knowledgeable(知识渊博的adjustable(可调整的suitable(合适的12-ous(形容词后缀delicious(美味的nervous(紧张的enormous(巨大的13-ern(表…方向的:eastern(东方的western(西方的southern(南方的northern(北方的14-ly(形容词或副词后缀:作形容词后缀时:lovely(可爱的friendly(友好的lively(充满活力的daily(每日的;日常的作副词后缀时:usually(通常simply(简单地probably(可能地really(真正地quickly(迅速地slowly(缓慢地certainly(当然clearly(清楚地;明显地extremely(极其;非常gradually(逐渐地strongly(坚定地exactly(正;恰恰normally(通常;正常地15-ed(形容词后缀:surprised(感到惊讶的interested(感兴趣的excited(感到兴奋的relaxed(轻松的worry(担心→worried(烦恼的annoyed(恼怒的、embarrassed(感到尴尬的organized(有组织的injured(受伤的tired(疲倦的spotted(有斑点的endangered(濒临灭绝的polluted(被污染的16-ing(形容词或名词后缀:形容词后缀:interesting(有趣的exciting(令人兴奋的outstanding(杰出的amazing(令人惊异的disappointing(令人失望的following(以下的、willing(乐意的;心甘情愿的fascinating(迷人的frustrating(令人失望的embarrassing(令人尴尬的tiring(令人疲倦的confusing(令人困惑的convincing(令人信服的thrilling(令人激动的misleading(令人误解的;骗人的名词后缀:building(建筑物training(训练meaning(意思ending(结局;结尾附:国家、地区加后缀后表示“民族、语言或所属国家、地区(人或语言的”China(中国—Chinese中国人、汉语、中国(人的Japan(日本—Japanese日本人、日语、日本(人的England(英国—Englishman英国人、英国男人—Englishwoman英国女人—English英语(的,英国(人的[theEnglish][总称]英国人America(美国/洲—American美国/洲人、美国(英语、美国(人的Australia(澳大利亚、澳洲—Australian澳大利亚人、澳大利亚(人的India(印度—Indian印第安人、印第安语、印度的、印第安人的Russia(俄罗斯—Russian俄国人、俄国的Canada(加拿大—Canadian加拿大人、加拿大(人的France(法国—French法语(的、法国(人的[theFrench][总称]法国人—Frenchman法国男人—Frenchwoman法国女人Germany(德国—German德语(的、德国(人的Asia(亚洲—Asian亚洲人、亚洲(人的Africa(非洲—African非洲人、非洲(人的Europe(欧洲—European欧洲人、欧洲(人的3、转化法一个单词由一种词类转化为另一种词类,这种构词法教转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义密切联系。show(n.展览、展示→show(v.表演、展出,water(n.水→water(v.浇水,slow(adj.慢的→slow(v.放慢,walk(v.散步、走→takeawalk(n.散步,rest(v.休息→takearest(n.休息,look(v.看→havealook(n.看一下,看一看,store(n.商店→store(v.储存,graduate(v.毕业生→graduate(v.毕业,taste(n.味道→taste(味道;鉴赏力,sound(n.声音→sound(v.听起来,light(n.光线→light(v.点燃,study(v.学习;研究→study(n.学习;研究,smell(n.嗅觉;气味→smell(v.闻,empty(adj.空的→empty(v.排空,fool(n.愚人→fool(愚弄,kid(n.小孩→kid(v.开玩笑;戏弄,land(n.陆地→land(v.着陆,display(n.陈列;展览→display(v.陈列;展览,smile(n.微笑→smile(v.微笑,waste(n.浪费;废弃物→waste(v.浪费,lock(n.锁→lock(v.锁住,book(n.书→book(v.预定,4、缩写和简写telephone→phone(电话,airplane→plane(飞机,laboratory→lab(实验室,advertisement→ad(广告,examination→exam(考试,mathematics→math(数学,photogragh→photo(照片,veterinarian→vet(兽医、refrigerator→refrige(冰箱,television→TV(电视机三、同义近义词记忆法answer—reply(回答reach—getto—arriveat/in(到达begin—start(开始fast—quick(快速的question—problem(问题healthy—fit(健康的voice—sound(声音tour—trip(旅行bicycle—bike(自行车often—usually(常ill—sick(生病的rat—mouse(老鼠trash—litter—rubbish—garbage(垃圾possible—probable(可能的very—quite(非常shop—store(商店clever—smart(聪明的holiday—vacation(假期cute—lovely(可爱的area—district(地区film—movie(电影lookafter—takecareof—carefor(照顾photo—photograghright—correctimpolite—rude(不礼貌的;粗鲁的term—semester(学期purse—wallet(钱包disappointing—frustrating(令人失望的fix—repair—mend(修理flee—escape—runaway(逃跑smoke(抽烟—snake(蛇theme—topic(主题perhaps—probably(或许;大概chance—opportunity(机会company—firm(公司shake—quake(震动四、反义词记忆法man—womanboy—girlmister—madamwaiter(男服务生—waitress(女服务员police(警察—thief(小偷before—afterbig—smalleasy—difficultask—answerborrow—returndry—wetearly—latebirth—deathcold—hotcool—warmcareful—carelesssafe—dangerousbuy—sellcheap—expensiveyoung—oldnew—oldhungry—fullstrong—weakbusy—freelaugh—crypossible—impossiblelose—findlong—shorttall(高的—short(矮的high(高的—low(低的right—wrongfat—thin(瘦的up—downlike—dislikelove—hatesave—wasteaccept—refuse(拒绝light—heavyfirst—lasttake—bringinteresting—boringawake—asleeprich—poorhealthy—illancient—modernquick—slowpositive(积极的、肯定的—negative(消极的、否定的push—pullbeautiful—ugly(丑陋的quiet—noisysucceed—failclean—dirtysame—differentfull(饱的—hungry(饿的full(满的—empty(空的adult(成年人—child(小孩huge(巨大的—tiny(微小的native(本地的;本国的—foreign(外国的waitinline(排队等候—cutinline(插队outofstyle(过时的—instyle(时尚的soft(柔软的→hard(坚硬的hard-working(勤勉的—lazy(懒惰的accept(接受→refuse(拒绝五、形近词记忆法aloud(大声地—cloud,band—bankbetter—letterbed—redbox—foxcarry—marrytalk—walkfrom—form(形成、养成meat—meetshe—shyplan—playkind—kinghand—hangwill—wishwaste—tastehear—heartcause(引起—course(课程tree—truesoon—moonlist—listennumber—Novemberfuture(将来—furniture(家具invite—invent,boy—toybird—bridge(桥imagine(想象—magazine(杂志ring—king,sweep(打扫—sweet(甜的rule—rulerready—alreadyquite—quiet(安静的money—monkeybank—blank(空白的take—tape(录音带move—moviespeed—speechshirt—shortthird—tiredsale—safedoor—floorkitchen—chickentomato—potatoeight—height(高度place—palace(宫殿through—thoughwash—wishdream—drumrest—restaurantcup—cutwatch—matchsand—standprogram—progressmile—milkfail—mailbelt(带子—leftread—breadexcuse(原谅—exercisestar—staytea—teamstrict(严厉的—districtagain—against(反对bark(吠声—dark(黑暗(的—parkrock—sockparty—partner(伙伴camera(相机—comedy(喜剧shoe—show(展示、表演tower(塔—towel(毛巾dear—deal(处理dress(穿衣服—press(压roof(屋顶—root(根special(特殊的—specific(明确的;具体的fly(飞行—fry(油煎dream(梦想—cream(奶油rush(冲—brush(刷chess(象棋—less(更少的bow(鞠躬;弯腰—bowl(碗;一碗的容量bridge(桥—porridge(粥station(车站;站—situation(情景;形势kill(杀害—skill(技巧member(成员—remember(牢记flee(逃跑—free(自由的camp(露宿—calm(镇静的big—pigpet(宠物—vet(兽医popular(流行的—population(人口square(广场—quarter(四分之一;一刻钟complain(抱怨—explain(解释lazy(懒惰的—crazy(疯狂的shall(将要—shell(贝壳garage(汽车库—garbage(垃圾skin(皮肤—sink(沉没scoop(勺子;用勺舀—spoon(调羹middle(中间(的—riddle(谜语staff(原料;材料—stuff(职员cheer(喝彩;鼓励—cheese(奶酪glue(粘贴;胶水—blue(蓝色catch(抓住—fetch(去拿来;来拿去plane(飞机—planet(行星purpose(目的;意图—purse(钱包smile(微笑—similar(相似的pie(馅饼—tie(领带left(左边—lift(举起ten(十—net(网hat—chat(聊天附录:一、不规则形容词副词比较级与最高级原级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstillworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurthestfurthest二、不规则名词复数形式(1单复数同形的名词Chinese—Chinese,Japanese—Japanese,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,fish—fish(2单复数不同形的名词child—children,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women,German—Germans,mouse—mice附:以f(e结尾的单词,一般变f为v,再加es或s。如:wife—wives,knife—knives,wolf—wolves,thief—thieves,shelf—shelves,oneself—oneselves,life—lives,half—halves,leaf—leaves等,我们不妨用一首诗把这几个词记下来:妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。特例:roof(屋顶其复数形式为roofs;等等。三、不规则动词表1、过去式与过去分词与动词原形相同的动词beatbeatbeat/beatencostcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtletletletputputputreadreadread2、原单词中字母i改为a即可变为其过去式和