呼吸机相关词汇

附录一常用机械通气模式或方法中、英文对照与缩写适应性辅助通气适应性支持通气辅助指令通气气道压力释放通气自发（自动）性呼气末正压自动流量双相气道正压通气双水平气道正压通气持续正压呼吸持续正压通气持续正压气道/持续气道正压辅助/控制通气控制/辅助通气机械控制通气持续指令通气肺或体外循环膜式氧合器吸气末正压通气呼气延长或延迟呼气末屏气高频通气高频正压通气高频喷射通气高频振荡通气间歇辅助通气吸气屏气间歇指令通气间歇正压通气有创机械通气间歇正负压通气反比通气手控通气指令分钟通气呼气末负压通气无创正压通气成比例辅助通气比例压力支持压力控制通气呼气末正压通气内源性呼气末正压通气部分液体通气俯卧位通气压力支持通气AAV(adaptiveassistedventilation)ASV(adaptivesupportventilationg)AMV(assistedmandatoryventilationg)APRV(airwaypressurereleaseventilation)Auto-PEEPAuto-flowBIPAP(biphasicpositiveairwaypressure)BiPAP(bi-levelpositiveairwaypressure)CPPB(continuouspositivepressurebreathing)CPPB/CPPV(continuouspositivepressureventilation)CPAP(continuouspositiveairwaypressure)A/C(assisted/controlventilation)C/A(control/assistedventilaion)CMV(controlmechanicalventilation)CMV(continuousmandatoryventilation)ECMO(extracorporealmembraneoxygenator)EIPPV(end-inspiratorypositivepressureventilation)ExpiratoryretardEnd-expiratoryholdHFV(highfrequencyventilation)HFPPV(high-frequencypositivepressureventilation)HFJV(high-frequencyjetventilation)HFOV(high-frequencyoscillationventilation)IAV(intermittentassistedventilation)InspiratoryholdIMV(intermittentmandatoryventilation)IPPV(intermittentpositivepressureventilation)IPPV(invasivepositivepressureventilation)IPNPV(intermittentpositivenegativepressureventilation)IRV(inversedratioventilation)MV(manualventilation)MMV(mandatoryminuteventilation)NEEPV(negativeend-expiratorypressure)NIPPV(non-invasivepositivepressureventilation)PAV(proportionalassistedventilation)PPS(proportionalpressuresupport)PCV(pressurecontrolventilation)PEEP(positiveend-expiratorypressure)PEEPi(intrinsicpositiveend-expiratorypressure)PLV(partialliquidventilation)Proneventilation

SIMV(synchronizedintermittentmandatoryventilation)SighVCV(volumecontrolventilation)VSV(volumesupportventilation)PRVC(pressureregulatedvolumecontrol)VAPS(volumeassuredpressuresupport)同步间歇指令通气叹息容量控制通气容量支持通气压力调节的容量控制容量保证压力支持附录二呼吸机版面常用术语中、英文对照与缩写PowerMode适应性辅助通气适应性支持通气辅助指令通气气道压力释放通气自发（自动）性呼气末正压自动流量双相气道正压通气双水平气道正压通气持续正压呼吸持续正压通气持续正压气道/持续气道正压辅助/控制通气控制/辅助通气机械控制通气持续指令通气肺或体外循环膜式氧合器吸气末正压通气呼气延长或延迟呼气末屏气高频通气高频正压通气高频喷射通气高频振荡通气间歇辅助通气吸气屏气间歇指令通气间歇正压通气有创机械通气间歇正负压通气反比通气手控通气指令分钟通气呼气末负压通气无创正压通气成比例辅助通气比例压力支持压力控制通气呼气末正压通气内源性呼气末正压通气部分液体通气俯卧位通气压力支持通气同步间歇指令通气叹息容量控制通气容量支持通气压力调节的容量控制容量保证压力支持电源通气模式辅助控制辅助/控制同步间歇指令通气/间歇指令通气间歇正压通气持续正压气道通气压力控制压力支持容量控制容量支持叹息同步间歇指令通气+压力支持同步间歇指令通气+叹息指令每分钟通气吸气屏气手控通气潮气量分钟通气量呼吸频率峰流（量）吸：呼压力支持呼气末正压通气/持续气道正压触发灵敏度氧浓度监测指标高气道压低气道压高分钟通气量低分钟通气量呼吸暂停病人触发潮气量分钟通气量机器故障电源故障气源压力过低HighairwaypressureLowairwaypressureHighminutevolumeLowminutevolumeApneaPatienteffortTVMV高气道压低气道压高分钟通气量低分钟通气量呼吸暂停病人触发潮气量分钟通气量机器故障电源故障气源压力过低Aalveolargas肺泡气Bbarometric（大）气压的Ccontentofgasinblood血中气体含量compliance顺应性Ddeadspace(volume)无效腔（量）diffusioncapacity弥散量Eexpiredgas呼出气Elastic弹性的（肺泡）弹性回缩力Ffractionalconcentrationofgas气体浓度Gconductance传导Iinspiredgas吸入气Inspiration吸气Llung肺Mminute分钟Maximal最大的Ppressure压力partialpressure分压averagepressure平均压Qvolumeofblood血容积血流量（•bloodflowinlitersperminute单位时间（分钟）的血流量Rresistance阻力Ratio比率（例）Ssaturation饱和度Ttidalvolume潮气量Time时间Vgasvolume气体容量Vventilationinliterspermimuteflowrate分钟通气量流速VmixedvenousbloodWworkofbreathingaarterialbloodawairwaycfsvcapillarybloodfrequencyshutvenous混合静脉血呼吸功动脉血气道毛细血管血呼吸频率分流静脉的二、肺容积和肺容量(1ungvolumeandcapacity)CCclosingcapacityCVclosingvolumeERVexpiratoryreservevolumeFRCfunctionalresidualcapacityICinspiratorycapacityIRVinspiratoryreservevolumeRVresidualvolumeTLCtotallungcapacityVdanvolumeofanatomicaldeadspaceVdalvvolumeofalveolardeadspaceVDvolumeofdeadspaceVTtidalvolumeVD/VT(ratioofdeadspacetotidalvolume)闭合容积闭合容量补呼气量功能残气量深吸气量补吸气量残气量肺总量解剖无效腔量肺泡无效腔量无效腔量潮气量无效腔/潮气量三、通气(ventilation)forcedexpiratoryflowvolumeforcedvitalcapacityforcedexpiratoryvolumeinthefirstsecond用力呼气流量用力肺活量第一秒用力呼气流量FEFVFVCFEV1FEV1/FVCforcedexpiratoryvolumeinthefirstsecond/forcedvitalcapacity第一秒用力呼气流量/用力肺活量用力吸气量通气最大呼吸量最大分钟通气量最大呼气流速-容量最大吸气流速-容量最大中段呼气流速最大自主通气量最大呼气流(速)FIVforcedinspiratoryvolumeMBCMVVMEFVMIFVMMEFMVVmaximalbreathingcapacitymaximalminuteventilationmaximalexpiratoryflow-volumemaximalinspiratoryflow-volumemaximalmid-expiratoryflowmaximalvoluntaryventilationPEFpeakexpiratoryflowPFTVCpeakflowtimevitalvolume峰流量时间肺活量AMVminutevolumeofalveloarventilationminuteventilation分钟肺泡通气量分钟通气量ISOVolumeofiso-flow等流速容量max50&V50maximalexpiratoryflowin50%vitalcapacity50%肺活量时最大呼气流(速)max25&V25maximalexpiratoryflowin25%vitalcapacity25%肺活量时最大呼气流(速)maxmaximalexpiratoryflow最大呼气流（速）V-vflow-volume流速-容量四、通气与血流(ventilationandperfusion)CaO2CvO2arterialmaxmaximalexpiratoryflow最大呼气流（速）V-vflow-volume流速-容量四、通气与血流(ventilationandperfusion)CaO2CvO2arterialoxygencontentoxygencontentinvenousblood动脉血氧含量静脉血氧含量oxygencontentinmixedvenousblood混合静脉血氧含量CvO2C(av)O2arterial-venousoxygencontentdifferenceC(av)O2arterial-mixedvenousoxygencontentdifference动-混合静脉血氧含量差PAO2partialpressureofoxygeninalveolargas肺泡气氧分压P(A-a)O2partialpressureofoxygendifferenceofalveolar-arterial肺泡-动脉氧分压差D(A-a)O2differenceofpartialpressureofoxygenofalveolar-arterialoxygen肺泡-动脉氧分压差动-静脉血氧含量差PvO2oxygenpartialpressureofmixvenous混合静脉血氧分压QQtratioofshuntedbloodtototalperfusion静-动脉分流/总流量Qsphyphysiologicalpulmonaryshunt生理性肺内分流Qsananatomicalpulmonaryshunt解剖性肺内分流混合静脉血氧饱和度通气/血流SvO2mixedvenousoxygensaturationVa/Qventilation/perfusion

肺的弥散肺co弥散量肺的氧弥散量五、弥散(diffusion)DLDLCOD混合静脉血氧饱和度通气/血流肺的弥散肺co弥散量肺的氧弥散量DLDLCODlO2diffusioncapacityforcarbonmonoxideofthelungdiffusioncapacityforoxygenofthelung六、呼吸力学(mechanicsofbreathing)Ccwchestwallcompliance胸壁顺应性CECeffeffectivecompliance有效顺应性Cfdlungcompliance频率依赖的顺应性CLlungcompliance肺顺应性CLdyndynamiclungcompliance动态肺顺应性CLststaticlungcompliance静态肺顺应性C/VLspecificcompliance单位肺容量的肺顺应性Elelastanceoflung肺弹性回缩EPPequalpressurepoint等压点Gawairwayconductance气道传导率Gspspecificairwayconductance比气道传导率Plellungelasticrecoilpressure肺弹性回缩压PEFRpeakexpiratoryflowrate最大呼气流速PEFpeakexpiratoryflow最大呼气流量PIFpeakinspiratoryflow最大吸气流量PIPpeakinspiratorypressure最大吸气压力Rairwayresistance气道阻力Rdsdownstreamresistance下游气道阻力Rupstreamresistance力8上游气道阻Rltotalairwayresistance总气道阻力Rrespiratoryresistance呼吸阻力RQrespiratoryquotient呼吸商Zrsrespiratoryimpedance总呼吸阻抗Wworkofbreathing呼吸功附录四血气分析常用符号中、英文对照与缩写ABactualbicarbonate实际碳酸氢盐ABCactualbicarbonateradical实际碳酸氢根ABEactualbaseexcess实际碱剩余BBbufferbase缓冲碱BFbaseexcess剩余碱CaO2oxygencontentinarterialblood动脉血氧含量CvO2oxygencontentinvenousblood静脉血氧含量CCO2contentofcarbondioxide二氧化碳含量

混合静脉血含量CvO2oxygencontentinmixedvenousbloodFiO2fractionalconcentrationofoxygenininspiredgas吸入气氧浓度PaO2/FiO2呼吸指数（动脉氧分压/吸入气氧浓度）PjO2partialpressureofoxygenininspiredgas吸入气氧分压PAO2partialpressureofoxygeninalveolargas肺泡氧分压PEO2partialpressureofoxygeninexpiredgas呼出气氧分压FECO2fractionalconcentrationofcarbondioxideinexpiredgas呼出气CO2浓度PECO2Partialpressureofcarbondioxideinexpiredgas呼出气CO2分压PvO2oxygenpartialpressureofmixedvenousblood混合静脉血氧分压SCVO2centralvenousO2saturation中心静脉血氧饱和度SvO2mixedvenousoxygensaturation混合静脉血氧饱和度TCO2totalcarbondioxidecontent二氧化碳总含量H+hydrogenionconcentration氢离子浓度pHhydrogenexponent酸碱度P50partialpressureofoxygenin50%saturationofhemoglobin混合静脉血含量血氧饱和度为50%的氧分压PaO2partialpressureofoxygeninartery动脉血氧分压PaCO2partialpressureofcarbondioxideinartery动脉二氧化碳分压PcO2partialpressureofoxygenincapillary毛细血管氧分压PvO2partialpressureofoxygeninvenous静脉氧分压混合静脉血氧分动脉血氧饱和度脉血氧饱和度标准碳酸氢盐标准碳酸氢根标准剩余碱静脉血氧饱和度混合静脉血氧饱和度PvO2partialpressureofoxygeninmixedvenous压SaO2arterialoxygensaturationSATsaturationofarterialoxygen动SBstandardbicarbonateSBCstandardbicarbonateradicalSBEstandardbaseexcessSvO2venousoxygensaturationSvO2mixedvenousoxygensaturation

跨肺压（APL）=气道开口压（Pao）-胸膜腔内压（Ppl）（1）跨肺泡压（APalv）=肺泡内压（Palv