四级系列讲座之写作课件

第四讲写作﹝一﹞关于CET4作文作文分数为142分，占总分的15%。要求在30分钟之内写出一篇120词左右的短文。作文体裁包括：议论文、说明文、应用文等。﹝二﹞历年真题2006.6.OnStudents’SelectingLecturers（论说文）2006.12.SpringFestivalGalaonTV(论说文)2007.6.Welcometoourclub（应用文）2007.12.WhatElectivestoChoose（论说文）2008.6.RecreationalActivities(论说文)2008.12.LimitingtheUseofDisposalBags（论说文）2009.6.FreeAdmissiontoMuseums（论说文）2009.12.Create

a

Green

Campus(论说文)2010.6DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling（论说文）2011.6OnlineShopping（论说文）2011.12NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill（论说文）评分标准：本题满分为15分.共分五等：2-4分、5-7分、8-10分、11-13分及14-15分。

2-4分条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误，且多数严重错误。

5-7分基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8-10分基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当，多其中有一些是严重错误。11-13分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。

14-15分切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误注：1.白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。2.如题目中给出主题句，起始句，结束句，均不得计入所写字数3.只写一段者：0~4分；只写两段者：0~9分（指规定三段的作文）]

标准句式用词字数总体评价

14大量复合句较少简单句准确且很多非常用词汇超过150字十全十美，花团锦簇

11一些复合句较多简单句比较准确且有一些非常用词汇多数超过150字清清楚楚，稍有不足

8个别复合句大量简单句一些残缺句不十分准确较少非常用词汇多数在100至130之间马马虎虎，对付对付

5基本全部简单句，大量残缺句不准确或基本词汇多数少于100字云山雾罩，稀里糊涂

2基本句句支离破碎最基本词汇且许多拼写错误多数少于80字乱七八糟，惨不忍睹﹝四﹞评卷人的兴奋点与盲区在一定时间内评阅大量平均水平低下的四级作文，评卷人注定会产生厌倦感及疲劳感，这两种感觉夹击累计，就又会产生愤怒的情绪。实际上阅卷人脑子里牢牢地嵌着一些框框，他们可以在极快的时间里将你的文章往框里套，再根据套入框中的采分点的数目下意识地给出一个分。所以，这就要求我们使行文如箭，准确射中阅卷人要害。这就是接下来我们要说的阅卷人的兴奋点与盲区。印象原则：书写工整、卷面整洁、字迹清晰语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位：内容简单化结构模式化（主题句-分论点-总结）语言要包装错误要回避

段首句要强悍﹝六﹞存在问题1.内容贫乏，知识面窄，想象不丰富。

2.文章结构紊乱，句与句之间、段与段之间缺乏逻辑关系，中心不突出。

3.语言不地道，文章中满是汉语式、翻译式的句子，且句型单调。

4.语言贫乏，缺乏美感，没有吸引力。

第二.词汇量太小，且对已学词汇记忆不清。除了底子太薄这个历史原因之外，学生词汇量太小也是一个不容忽视的原因。有的学生汉语功底很好，用汉语作文，他们就会思如泉涌，下笔千言，但是一到用英语作文就好像被缚住了手脚，不知如何下手。第三.缺乏思想，深度不够。很多学生虽然已是大二的学生，甚至是大三大四的学生，但是他们在作文当中所表现出的智力水平与阅历似乎只相当于一个初高中生。写出的文章着眼点低，视野狭窄。第四.缺乏应试技巧。主要表现为有些学生在篇首或篇尾有喊口号倾向（如DearFriends,let's…）,或画蛇添足,本来文章该结束了却偏要罗罗嗦嗦再来两句多余的话；另外一些学生字数把握不准，不是写得太短就是写得太长，写得太短的会因为字数不够而失分，太长的又因为阅卷老师任务繁重，时间窘迫，不能因为一篇文章乱了整个阅卷节奏。还有一些学生的笔迹（尤其是用纯蓝墨水钢笔和出水太浅的圆珠笔写的），让阅卷老师怎么也看不清楚。﹝八﹞四级作文经常使用的句型用于句首提出论题或现象的句型1.Recently，…hasbecomethefocusofthesociety.2.…hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.3.Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernfor…4.Nowadaysitiscommontosee/hear…5.…hasbecomeacommonoccuranceinourdailylife.6.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtobeawareoftheseriousnessof…7.Itisonlyduringthelast/pastfewdecadesthatmanhasbecomegenerallyawarethat…8.Thereisanold/popularsaying/proverbwhichsays/goes…9.Inrecentyears,thereisageneraltendency…10.Nowadays…hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型1.Somepeoplelike/prefer…whileothersare/feelinclinedto…2.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…3.Somepeopleclaimthat…issuperiorto…Others,however,disagreewithit.4.Somepeoplebelieve…Othersmaintain…Stillothersclaim…5.Somepeoplesuggest…Others,however,holdtheoppositeoppinion.6.Ontheonehand,peopletendto…Ontheotherhand,theyfeel…7.Somepeoplearguethat…Others,incontrast,believethat…8.Althoughmoreandmorepeoplecometobelieve…therearestillotherswhoinsistthat…9.Onthecontrary,therearepeopleinfavorof…10.Therearesomepeoplewhoholddifferentopinionsabout…用于结尾的常用句型1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussed/mentionedabove,wemayconcludethat…2.therefore,itisnotdifficulttodraw/cometotheconclusionthat…3.Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneabout…4.Fromallthereasons/considerationabove,itisevident/obviousthat…5.Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreachtheconclusionthat…6.Giventhereasons/considerationIhavejustoutlined/discussed/presented,Istronglyrecommendthat…7.Itisclear,therefore,that…8.Allinall,whatreallymattersis,infact,to…9.Itisessentialthateffectivemeasurebetakento…10.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionthat…11.Judgingbythefigures/statistics,itisnotdifficulttoseethat…12.Onlyinthisway/indoingso,canthisbereally/fully…﹝九﹞命题形式提纲作文提纲作文实质上是议论文，其下可分为四种类型：对比选择型现象阐释型原因解释型问题解决型真题分析2006年1月大学英语四级考试真题Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.名校校园正成为旅游新热点2.校园是否对游客开放，人们看法不同3.我认为….【范文】ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?

(1)Nowadays,manywell-knownuniversitycampusesinChinahavebecomepopulartourist

attractions.Duringholidays,largenumbersoftouristscanbeseenonuniversitycampuses,particularly,PekingUniversityandTsingHuaUniversity.(1)开篇自然，引出焦点问题(4)AsfarasIamconcerned,universitycampusesshouldnotbeopenforprofitastouristattractions,becauseitisaplaceforstudyandresearch,notfortourism.Itspurityandbeautywillbedestroyedifitbecomesaprofitableorganization.(4)However,Ithinkuniversityisapropertyforthewholesocietysothatitcanbeopentoindividualvisitorssolongasthevisitdoesnotdisturbitsorder.(4)表明自己的观点，because原因状语从句引出理由；sothat,solongas的使用使句式更为多样参考模板【模板一】

Recently,___________hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.﹙进一步说明这种现象的普遍性﹚

Somepeoplethinkthat

.Theyholdthisopinionbecause(they

think)

.Others,however,takeanegative/positiveattitudeto

.(Others,nevertheless,aremorepessimistic/optimisticaboutit).Fromtheirpointofview,

.Besides,

.

Inmyopinion/Personally/Frommypointview/Ifaskedmyattitude,Iammoreinfavorof.Istandin/holdthisattitude/opinion/viewbecause.It’struethat

,butitdoesn’tmeanthat

.Therefore/Inaword/Inshort,

.Instead,weshould

.参考模板【模板二】

Nowadays,whereveryougo,youwillhearpeopletalkabout

.Whetheryoulikeitornot,ithadbecomeapartofourlife.Generally,itisbelievedthatthereareseveraladvantageswith

.Firstly,

.What’smore

.Buteverycoinhastwosides,and

isnoexception.Therearealsosomedisadvantageswith

.Tobeginwith

.Beside,

.Andmostimportantofall,

.Butallinall,

.Therefore,weshould

.exhausttheirearningseverymonthwithoutanysavings

fashionablelifestyle

consumptionstyle

/habitenjoylifeandhaveahigherlifequality

unhealthy

andwastefulincaseofunexpectedexpensesandemergencyfuturesavingtemporarysatisfactiontorepairthehousebeforeitrains特点及写作要求现象阐释型的作文通常先指明一种现象或提出一种观点，然后对这一现象或观点进行解释，最后得出结论或发表个人见解。写作流程第一段：简要描述某一现象或某一观点。第二段：具体阐释现象或观点的正确性或危害性等。第三段：表明自己的态度或看法。或者第一段：简单描述某一现象或观点。第二段：具体阐述引起这种现象的或持有这种观点考虑的主要因素。第三段：对现象或者观点进行评价。2.现象阐述型真题分析2006年6月大学英语四级考试真题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicof

StudentsSelectingTheirLecturers.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.有些大学允许学生自主选择某些课程的任课老师2.学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题【范文】OnStudentsSelectingLecturers

(1)Atpresent,insomecollegesanduniversities,studentsareallowedtoselectlecturesontheirown.(2)Itmaysomedaybecomethemaintrendwhenpeoplegivemoreprioritytoacademicfreedom.(3)Studentswouldtakethreemajorelementsintoconsiderationwhenmakingselections.(4)Firstofall,theywilltakelecturers’teachingstylesintoaccount.Teachingstylestostudents’tastewouldhelpthemlearnmoreefficiently.(4)Moreover,moststudentstendtochooselecturerswithmoreexperience,becausesuchteacherstendtoknowmoreabouthowtostimulateandinspirestudentsandwillhelpthemmastertheirsubjectswithmoreease.(4)Last,studentsalsoputemphasisonthelecturers’academicbackground.Fromtheirperspective,teacherswithhigheracademicdegreesmayprovidemoreenlighteningsuggestions.(1)开门见山，直击主题(2)提出该现象的发展趋势(3)揭示学生选任课老师的考虑因素(4)论述有力有序，更具说服力

(5)Everythinghasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects,andstudents’selectinglecturesisofnoexception.(6)Itencouragesstudentstobeactivelyinvolvedintheteachingprocess,andatthemeantime,spursteacherstoimprovetheirteachingquality.(6)However,itispossiblethatsomestudentswouldchooselecturesblindlywithoutdueguidance.Anditisnotuncommonthatsometeachersemploysomeabnormaldevicestoattractmorestudents,suchaspromisinghighermarksormore“freedom”ofattendance.(5)承上启下，引出益处和问题(6)分别论述益处和问题，有条理：动词encourage和spur引出两大益处；however引出问题所在真题分析2002年12月大学英语四级考试真题Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicItPaystoBeHonest.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象2.诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实

(1)Whatishonesty?Honestymeansspeakingthetruthandbeingfairanduprightinact.(2)Regardedasavirtue,itisadmiredineverycountryandeveryculture.(2)Theonewholiesandcheatsisdishonest.Dishonestyisgenerallylookeduponasanevil,andisdespisedandcondemnedbyeveryone.

(3)Fromthemassmediaandalsowithourowneyes,weknowthatdishonestbehaviorexistsinoursociety.Forexample,studentscopyoneanother’shomeworkordownloadillicitpaperfromInternettocheattheirteachers;businessmensellfakeproductstocheattheircustomers;andevenworsetherearemedicalpersonswhoproducefakemedicineharmingthepatients.(1)一问一答得出honesty的定义，点题(2)从正反两方面进一步阐述文章主题(3)举例说明社会上存在的一些不诚实行为【范文】ItPaystoBeHonest

(4)However,thosepeoplemaysucceedforatime,butsoonerorlater,theywillbringthemnothingbuttroubles.(5)AsanEnglishproverbgoes,“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”(5)Foronething,ifyouwanttobetrustedandrespectedbyyourfriends,youmustbehonest.Aliarisalwayslookeddownuponandavoidedbythepeoplearoundhim.(5)Foranother,ifyouwanttosucceedinyourwork,thefirstqualificationyoushouldhaveishonesty.(6)Therefore,whateveryouraimis,youmustworkhonestlytoattainit.(4)通过however一词转折引入文章主题“为什么做人应该诚实”(5)以一句名谚语及foronething,foranother两个短语说明原因(6)进一步强化主题，即不论要达到什么目的，必须通过诚实的方法获得参考模板【模板一】

Atpresent/Inrecentyears/Nowadays,

(描写现状或趋势).Itmaysomedaybecomethemaintrendwhen

(进一步描述这一现象或观点).

Threemajorelements/factorswouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhen

(doingsth.).Firstofall,

(主要因素1).Moreover,

(主要因素2).Last,

(主要因素3).Fromtheirperspective,

.Everythinghasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects,and

(这种现象或观点)isofnoexception.

(这种现象或观点的正确性).However,

(这种观点或现象的危害性).参考模板【模板二】Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplevoicegrowingconcernover…(描述现象).

(我的看法，或支持，或反对，或分两方面论述).Inmymind,Iwelcomethispracticewithapplause/Personally,Ithinkthisquestionshouldbeprobedindepth/Ifirmlybelieve.../althoughitiswidelyaccepted,Iholdaoppositeopinionthat…(简要重申理由，再次表明自己的看法)Allinall,wecansafelycometotheconclusionthat…/fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanseeclearlythat…实战演练MyViewonDoubleBADegree1.现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见2.我对这一现象的看法tohavetwomajorsatthesametimefavorable

practiceonthewholestandabetterchanceinthejobmarketfulloffiercecompetitionencouragestudentstoworkharderandmoreefficientlycultivateaninterestinothersubjectsbesidestheirmajorbeneficialandrewardingpreparesstudentsforthecomingcompetitiontrainningcompoundtalents(1)特点及写作要求原因解释型作文的重点在于探讨产生某一社会现象或问题的原因。近十年来，原因阐释型议论文在四级考试中出现的并不多。(2)写作流程第一段：对某一社会现象进行描述。第二段：阐释产生这一社会现象的原因。第三段：发表个人看法，或提出解决思路。原因解释型真题分析2010年6月大学英语四级考试真题Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicDueAttentionShouldBeGiven.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种现象的原因是。。。3.为了改变这种状况，我认为。。。InlearningEnglish,spellingreceivestheleastattentionamongquiteafewstudentsnowadays.Thereasonsaresimplebutthougt-provoking.Toppingthelististheprevailinguseofcomputerstohandleourdailypaperwork.Sincemanywordprocessingsoftwarsarebecomingincreasinglypowerfultocorrectalmostallspellingmistake,wetendtoneglecttheexactspellingofmanywords.besides,somepeopleholdthenotionthataslongasoneisabletocommunicateinEnglish,itisnotatallimportantwhetherhecanspellthewordsheusesornot.Lastbutnotleast,ourexamsdonottestspellingssomuchastheyusedto,shiftingstudents’attentiontootheraspectsofenglishacquisition.Therefore,inordertochangethesituation,studentsshouldbeencouragedtodependlessonautomaticspelling-checksoftwares.Atthesametime,teachersshouldhighlighttheimportanceofcorrectspelling,which,toacertainextent,indicatedthedegreeofenglishlevel.参考模板【模板一】

Nowadays,weoftenhearthat

（提出现象）.Thisphenomenonisnotaccidental,andthereissocialandindividualbackground.

Why

?Foronething,

（原因1）.

Foranother,

（原因2）.Forinstance,

（举例说明）.Fromthat,we

.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreethat

.Ithinkthat

（作者本人的观点）.

.第三段或为：

Weshouldtakemeasuresto

.First,

（措施1）.Second,

（措施2）.Finally,

（措施3）.参考模板【模板二】

Asisknowntoall,_________.PeopleseemtogetAccustomedto_________.Infact,_____________.

Thereasonliesinseveralaspects.Firstly,______.Secondly,___________.Thirdly,_______________.Finally,________.

Asamatteroffact,_________.Ontheonehand,___________.Ontheotherhand,______________.Therefore,____________.实战演练CrazeforthePreservationofTraditionalChineseMedicine1.中医养生热在社会上兴起2.产生这一现象的原因3.我们该如何看待这一现象facehugepressureinstudy,workanddailylifesub-healthmedicalinsuranceItisoftenexpensivetoseeadoctorina

hospitalwaitforalongtime(1)特点及写作要求问题解决型的作文通常先说明情况，提出问题，随后提出解决方法或处理方式，最后给予评价。(2)写作流程第一段：描述现状、形势、提出问题。第二段：提出解决问题的方法。第三段：简要评价提及的方法，或选择其中一、两种自己认为合适的方法并说明理由。问题解决型(3)真题分析2000年12月大学英语四级考试真题Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:1.面试在求职过程中的作用2.取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……【范文】HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview

(1)Nowadays,greatimportancehasbeenattachedtointerviewsbyboththeemployerandthejob-hunter.(2)Ontheonehand,theinterviewercantakeadvantageoftheoccasiontolearnaboutthecandidates,suchastheirworkexperience,educationandtheirpersonalities,soastopickouttherightperson.(2)Ontheotherhand,theintervieweecanmakeuseoftheopportunitytoknowthejob,includingsalary,workingconditionsandopportunitiesforfuturedevelopment.

(3)Therefore,thejobinterviewisveryimportanttoajob-hunter.Buthowcanwesucceedinit?

(4)Firstly,dressproperlyandneatlysincethefirstimpressionisoneofthekeystosuccess.(4)Secondly，behavepolitelyandconfidently.Don’tbetooproud,andneithertooshy.Showyourexpertiseandabilitiestotheemployerwithrespectandconfidence.(4)Lastbutnottheleast,theintervieweeoughttobehonestabouthisorherpersonalaswellasacademicbackground,forhonestyisthebestpolicy.(1)提出问题，点题，指出面试的重要性(2)从interviewer与interviewee两方面阐述面试在求职过程中的作用，为引出文章主题做铺垫(4)分层次解释取得面试成功的三大因素，“lastbutnottheleast”意为“最后，但同样重要的是”(3)Therefore承上启下，but提出主题【范文】HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview

(5)Tosumup,thejobinterviewisreallyimportant,butthereisnoneedtobenervous.(5)Aslongasyouhavetheabilityforthejobandputtheaboveprinciplesintopractice,youwillmostprobablysucceedinit.(5)“tosumup”引出总结，“aslongas”句型引出建议，语言简练，连接紧凑(4)参考模板【模板一】

Nowadays,greatimportancehasbeenattachedto

（目前的现象及存在的问题）.Manywayscancontributeto

(要解决的问题),butthefollowingonesmaybeeffective.

Firstofall,

（方法1）.Besides,

（方法2）.Finally,

（方法3）.

Inconclusion/Tosumup,thewaysIhavementionedaboveshouldneverbeseparatedfromeachother.

（希望）.1)Transitionalphrasesforspatialdevelopment:aboveacrossfromadjacenttoalsoupunderbeforemebelowbeyondfurtherdownaroundhereinthedistancenearbynexttoclosetoneartoontheleftontherightoppositetoontopofbeneathover2)Transitionalphrasesforchronologicaldevelopment:first,second,hemeantimeatthesametimeafteranintervalpresentlysomewhatlatersoonthennextnowlaterfinallyeventuallythereuponthereafterafterafterwardatlast3)Transitionalphrasesforlisting:First,second,third,lastFirstly,secondly,thirdly,finally;Thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast;Inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly;Tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally;Tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally;Firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleastMostimportantofall,moreover,finally;Ontheonehand,ontheotherhandForonething,foranotherthing4)Transitionalphrasesforcomparisons:anotherequallyimportantsimilarlyinadditiontojustas…sointhesamemanneratthesametimelike,likewiseinthesameway5)Transitionalphrasesforcontrasts:onthecontraryontheotherhanddespiteyet,butunlikenotonly…butalsoyearsago…todaytheformer…thelatterthefirst…whereasthesecondontheonehand…ontheotherdifferentfromincontrasttoinspiteofwhereasneverthelesshere…therethis…thatthen…nowsome…othersonce…now6)Transitionalphrasesforsummary:inawordinbriefinconclusioninsummaryinshortonthewholefinallyatlasttosumuptoconclude7)Transitionalphrasesforresult:thussoconsequentlyhencethereforeaccordinglyasaresultasaconsequenceonthataccountitturnsout8)Transitionalphrasesforemphasis:chieflyespeciallyindeedinfactcertainlyparticularlyactuallyaboveall9)Transitionalphrasesforconcession:stillyetclearlyafterallthoughalthoughneverthelesseventhoughinspiteof

常用句型

由while引导的状语从句Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonopportunity.Somepeoplethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesintheworld.Whileothersarguethatargueeverybodywillhavesomekindofopportunityalonghisliferoute.Thosewho……句型Thosewho

areinfavoroftheInternetclaimthatithasalotofadvantages.倒装句Onlyifwegetpreparedcanweseizetheopportunitiesinsteadoflettingthemslipby.Onlyinthiswaycan

wemasterthewritingskillsstepbystep.(4)参考模板【模板二】

Withthe______of______,____________.Soit’sofgreatimportanceforusto__________.Ontheonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,_____________.

However,wehavefigureoutmanywaysto/Asisknowntoall,therearemanyways_______.Firstly,_______________.Solongas______________.Secondly,___________.Thirdly,_____________.

Infact/Soit’shightimeforusto,______.Thatisbecause_____.Inaword,______________.强调句Itisnottheyearsinyourlife,but

thelifeinyouryears

thatcounts.反问句Iflifeisajourney,wehavenothingtoregretsolongasweputmeaningintoit.Sowhynotmakeachange?状语从句结果状语从句Failureissuchacommonmatterthateveryoneofusmaymeetitfromtimetotime.让步状语从句Althoughwehavetalkedaboutitoverandagain,Ithinkitisnecessarytobearitinourmindasarule.Nomatterhowresponsibletheteachersareandhowfriendlytheclassmatesare,youcanonlydependonyourselfonceyoustepintotheexaminationroom.平行句Agoodteachercanbringstudentshope,dreamanddetermination.Ifyouhaveonlyhadwonderfulthingshappentoyou,howcanyoubecomebrave?Ifyoucanonlyembracesuccessandwillneveracceptfailure,howcanyoubecomemature?That引导的名词从句功能：它相当于一个名词，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介宾.that无具体含义，只有语法功能,有时可省,有时不可省.

句型：It+be+adj./N./NP/V/V-ed+that…Eg.

Itisobviousthatmoneydoesnotgrowontrees.

Itiscommonknowledge(that)theearthgoesroundthesun.Itseems/happens/occurstomethat…Itisbelievedthat…

That引导的主语从句句型

It+be+N.that…eg.Itisafactthat…=事实是Itiscommonknowledgethat…=…是常识Itisaquestionthat…=…是个问题Itisapitythat…=可惜的是…Itisanhonorthat…=…非常荣幸Itisashamethat…=…真是可耻Itisawonderthat..=…真是奇迹

It+be+adj.+that…Itiscertainthat…=诚然…Itisstrangethat…=…很奇怪,奇怪的是…Itisclear/evident/obviousthat…=很清楚,很显然…Itis(un)likely/probablethat=很可能…Itisbetterthat…=最好…Itisnaturalthat…=很自然…Itisessentialthat…=…很必要It+be+V-edthat…

Itissaid/reported/estimated/believed/suggested+that…Ithasbeenprovedthat…=已经证明…Itmustbepointedthat…=必须指出…Itisdemandedthat…=按要求…以上句型在表示建议、要求、命令等意思时，从句要用虚拟，即(should+)VIt+Vi+that…Itseemsthat…=好象是…Ithappened/happensthat…=碰巧…Itfollowedthat…=由此可见…Itmattersthat…=要紧的是…(=Whatmattersisthat…notthat…)Itoccurredtomethat…=我想到…Itstruckmethat…=我突然想到…四级作文谚语储备：

1.

Betterlatethannever.亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。2．Wellbeginishalfdone.好的开端是成功的一半。3．Pridewillhaveafall.骄者必败。4．Anidleyouth,aneedyage.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。5Nocompetition,noprogress.没有竞争，就没有进步。6．Amissisasgoodasamile.差之毫厘，失之千里。7．Actionspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。8．Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。9．Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行。10．Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的未必都是金子。11.Liveandlearn.活到老学到老。12．Opportunityseldomknockstwice.机不可失，失不再来。13．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.条条大路通罗马。14．Hewhohasknowledgehasdignityandglory.拥有知识，就拥有尊严与荣耀。15．Everymanhashisfaults.人无完人。16．Beautyisbutskin-deep.人不在外表。17．Hewholaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最甜。18．Helivesunsafelythatlookstoonearnothings.人无远虑，必有近忧。19．Afamedpersonandafattenedpigarealikeinganger.人怕出名猪怕壮。20.Thehighesttowerbeginfromtheground.万丈高楼平地起。

21．Anemptysackcannotstandupright.有理走遍天下，无理寸步难行。22．Hewhowouldsearchpearlsdivebelow.不潜深水不得珠。23．Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.滴水石穿。24．Failureteachessuccess.失败乃成功之母。25.Oncebitten,twiceshy.吃一堑长一智。25.Manyalittlemakesamickle.涓涓细流汇成江河。26.Diamondcutsdiamond.强中自有强中手。27．Graspall,loseall.贪多必失。28．Atroublesharedisatroublehalved.两人分担,困难减半.29.Successbelongstothepreserving.胜利属于有毅力者.30.Striketheironwhileitishot.打铁要趁热.

高分作文经典结构1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不要总是用we/I(比如写结尾时不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat.Bydoingso，itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively.

2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。

如however/therefore/forexample/Ibelieve做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。

比如说：Otherind