硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案

硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：硕士英语综合教程2课后习题答案Unit1Human-basedStrategyReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)A(5)Bb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.(1)theyvalueculturaldiversity;theyarefamilyfriendly;theyinvestinemployeetraining;theyempowertheiremployees(2)theiremployees;HowardSchultz(3)culturalandtechnicalaspects;coffeeknowledge,productexpertise,customerserviceandinterpersonalskills(4)fullhealthanddentalcoverage,vacation,andparticipationinthecompanywidestockplancalledBeanStock(5)selfmanagedworkteams;crossfunctionalteamsVocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.(1)astute(2)ignite(3)enthusiasm(4)turnover(5)transaction(6)interactwith(7)comeintocontactwith(8)empower(9)superior(10)dropoutb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C(5)B(6)A(7)D(8)B(9)C(10)AClozeChooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)motivated(2)selecting(3)retain(4)relied(5)differentiated(6)recruited(7)adaptability(8)prospective(9)require(10)efficiently(11)comprehensive(12)challenge(13)survived(14)rate(15)tripled(16)generous(17)financial(18)reveal(19)premium(20)moraleTranslationa.ChinesetoEnglish1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)Thefascinationgeneratedbyexplorationwillinspireouryoungpeopletostudymath,scienceandengineering,andcreateanewgenerationofinnovatorsandpioneers.(2)UponreturningtoEngland,heemployedthefavorablemediaattentionasalaunchingpadforhisforayintopolitics.(3)Owningtothenatureofeverygrowingbusiness,youwillneedtobeonthegoconstantly,andalsobeonthegopreparedtoworkshiftwork,includingnightsandweekends.(4)InAustralia,gasolinepriceshaveretreated,althoughfallshavebeenlimitedbecauseoftheweaknessoftheAustraliandollaragainstitsAmericancounterpart.(5)TheAsianeconomyhaspresentedapositivetrend.Somecountrieshaveovercometheimpactofthefinancialcrisisandreviveddevelopment.Asiahasonceagainbecomethespotlightofglobaleconomicgrowth.(6)China’saccessiontotheWTOcanpromotenotonlythedevelopmentofChineseeconomy,butalsothatoftheworldeconomyandwillinjectnewimpetusintotheprogressofAsianeconomyandworldeconomy.(7)Thegrowingquantityofinformation,couplewiththedevelopmentoftechnologies,erablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.(8)Thefutureissomethingwhicheveryonereachesattherateofsixtyminutesanhour,whateverhedoes,whoeverheis.2)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.It’sactuallyprettynatural,andalmostunavoidable,formanagerstoformexpectationsoftheirworkers.Researchhasfoundthatinanorganization,ourexpectationsofotherscanbetieddirectlytoproductivity,profitability,andyes－motivation!Ifyouhavehighexpectationsofyouremployees,youwillpossessapowerfulandeffectivetoolforimprovingperformanceandmotivationwithinyourorganization.Performanceisoftenamatterofexpectations.Managersandsupervisorsformexpectationsofothers,whichtheninfluencehowtheyinteractwiththosepeople.Ifyoudon’texpectmuchfromyouremployees,theywillsensethatandperformpoorly.Why

Becauseyourexpectationsofthemaffecttheirdesiretodowell.Thepointisthatpeoplenaturallytrytoliveuptoourexpectationsofthem,orlivedowntothem,whateverthecasemaybe.Soexpectthebestfromyouremployeesanddon’tbesurprisedifthat’sexactlywhatyouget!b.EnglishtoChinese1)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？我们至少可以列出四条：第一，它们重视文化的多样性。他们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。第二，它们具有家庭氛围。公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。2)ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.(1)首先,如果你把他们安排在那些既能够体现他们自身价值同时又对公司发展有利的岗位上,他们将会更加愿意展现出自己最棒的一面。(2)如果你想激励员工让他们尽最大努力完成自己的工作,如果你想让他们成为公司最有价值的资产,那就让他们有公司的主人的感觉吧。(3)你作为领导应该知道员工积极性与其工作表现之间有直接的联系。事实上,这种联系取决于你公司的文化以及公司文化灌输给员工的热情。(4)员工能提出越多关于自己工作的想法,也越有可能接受你的看法。(5)只有当员工像老板进行投资那样决定投入自己的能力和精力的时候,他们才是真的“认同”,因此请给员工参与制定绩效标准的机会。TextBDesigningCitiesforPeopleKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)endupwith(2)overwhelming(3)espouse(4)unprecedented(5)beidenticalto(6)revive(7)deprivedof(8)deemed(9)relyon(10)biasb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.(1)theratioofparkstoparkinglots(2)150millionpeople;2.8billionpeople;morethanhalfofusarelivingincities(3)whatcouldbedoneforwhodidnotowncars(4)theyaretheonlyplaceswherepeoplemeetasequals(5)analternativetransportationsystem;inexpensiveandcommuterfriendly(6)“biophiliahypothesis”;deprivedofcontactwithnature;ameasurabledeclineinwellbeing(7)budgetallocationsfortransportation;heavilybiasedtoward;highwaysandstreets;shiftingresourcesfromroadsandhighways;urbantransitandbicyclesupportfacilities(8)concentratefiscalresources;thesmallfractionoftheirpeoplewhoowncars(9)functionalandaffordable;makingthemattractive,evenculturalcenters(10)redesigncommunities;thecenterpieceofurbantransport;pedestrianandbicyclefriendlyc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.(1)F(2)T(3)F(4)F(5)T(6)F(7)T(8)F(9)F(10)FUnit2HigherEducation1.Readingcomprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.(1)B(2)A(3)C(4)A(5)Bb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.(1)graduatestudentsspendmuchlongertimegettingadegree;it’shardforthemtolookforatenuretrackteachingjobatacollegeoruniversity(2)apresidentoftheCouncilofGraduateSchools;thesystemoffinancinginAmerica(3)thatgraduateprogramshaveaddedmorestrictrequirements;thatexpectationsforwhatadegreeholderissupposedtohaveaccomplishedhaveradicallyincreased(4)improvethequalityofeducation;increasethedemandformoretenuredfacultymembersovertime(5)graduateschoolssocializestudentsintobelievingtheycan’tleaveacademeorshouldn’t2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.(1)recipient(2)apprenticeships(3)dissertation(4)tenure(5)adjunct(6)mentor(7)perpetuate(8)unattainable(9)taint(10)shrunkb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)C(5)C(6)B(7)D(8)A(9)B(10)A3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)limited(2)program(3)in(4)receiving(5)found(6)but(7)between(8)closed(9)While(10)practice(11)grind(12)often(13)among(14)which(15)opportunities(16)enrollment(17)who(18)turn(19)other(20)like4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)Risingoilpricesaretypicallynegativeforcorporateprofitssincetheyboostexpensesandeatintoconsumers’discretionaryincome.(2)Anditfollowsfromthis,Hobbesbelieves,thatthesovereignhastherighttodecidewhatopinions,whatbooks,whatideasareconducivetopeaceandwhichonesaimsimplytostirupwaranddiscontent?

(3)ResearchersinGermanysaythatacancerfightingsubstancefoundinhopscouldbeenhancedtobrewaspecialanticancerbeer.(4)Afabledbird,identifiedwiththekingfisher,wassupposedtohavethepowertocalmthewindandthewaveswhileitnestedontheseaduringthewintersolstice.(5)Bicyclistsoftenrideasthoughtwowheeledvehiclesareexemptfromalltrafficlaws.(6)Theinstructorshouldnotrebukethegirlstudentforhersmallmistakeinfrontofallclassmates.Giventhatsheisinexperienced,shehasdoneagoodjob.(7)Fromabroaderperspective,higherattritionratewouldaffectthedevelopmentoftheindustryasawhole.Sothenecessityistoshortentheapprenticeship.(8)IhavetolevelwithyoubecauseIdon’twantanymisunderstandingbetweenus,sohowcanyoujustifyspendingsomuchmoney?2)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Theerror—theheresy—istothinkthattheentirepurposeofeducationistogetyouabetterjob:thattheentirefunctionofanindividuallifeistomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible.Noonesaidtome,readFinnegansWakeandyou’llmakeabloodyfortune;that’sthewholepointofreadingthedamnthing.It’saterribleshame,andIfeelhorriblysadforthepeoplewhomustgothroughitall,carryingtheburdenofeconomicexpectationratherthenthespiritofexplorationandadventure.Wewerealltoobusytryingtosussoutthemeaningoflifetobesidetrackedbysuchsideissuesascareers,untilthetimecametomeetrealityheadon.Thathasn’tstoppedanumberofolduniversityfriendsfrombeingconspicuouslysuccessful.Therefore,thepurposeofeducationissupposedtomakeyourich,notwealthy.b.EnglishtoChinese1)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.比如,英语文学专业一年级和二年级博士生可能不会面对像他们的医学和法律学院的同伴那样令人头疼的课程负担或者以不正当手段进行的竞争,但是以后有更持久而艰苦的工作等待着他们。博士生不仅被要求掌握一系列广泛的知识,而且要在本研究领域撰写一本几乎像书一样厚的学位论文,依据学科的不同,有的可能最终被搁置一旁,就像埃普索泻盐的商标被贴在药箱的后面一样泰然自若。这些学生必须通过拼凑各种补助金和工钱来获得他们的生活费用,这些工钱是他们帮助教授本科生的课程所赚取的,但也占用了他们的研究时间。三年级的医学专业学生因为在医院的轮流值班而累得两眼模糊,但干这种工作至少是在为取得学位而努力。2)ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.(1)如今,越来越多的高等教育机构开设的专业课程,看上去就像通向诱人工作的捷径:你可以研究体育或是新闻学,或是电视,或是流行音乐,甚至时尚,上帝啊。(2)今天的“可持续性教育”则并不仅限于在本地进行,还拓展到了全世界——它是一个由各种合作性项目组成的网络,这个网络超越政治界限,让儿童和成年人都参与进来,使人们的需求与环境相协调。(3)美国教育的崛起在很大程度上指的是公共教育的兴盛——而过去30年里,有一种观点始终在美国的政治舞台上唱主角,那就是政府的所有开支都是在浪费纳税人的钱。(4)最近我对于教育的目的进行了相当多的思考,因为这周五我的母校布里斯托尔大学将授予我“名誉文学博士”学位,对此,我的朋友们,特别是在大学期间就认识我的朋友们感到既惊讶,又好笑。(5)即便没有当前这场经济危机的影响,单就美国难以把那些经济拮据的学生留在学校而言,人们也完全有理由预见,美国在这类排名中会进一步下滑。TextBBritain’sUniversities:FundingExcellencea.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)launch(2)chipin(3)jostling(4)rival(5)inaugurated(6)levy(7)endowed(8)boasts(9)amountto(10)derivedb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.(1)atleast$2.5billion(2)fundraising(3)institutionsacrosstheEuropeanUnion(4)sixtimesmoreprivateinvestment(5)modest;roughly$6,000perstudent(6)findingformerstudents;theincrease(7)overseasresearchuniversities;top50universities(8)professionsoutsideacademia(9)acompany;acorporateboardc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.(1)F(2)F(3)F(4)T(5)F(6)F(7)F(8)T(9)F(10)FUnit3CyberspaceNetwork1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.(1)A(2)C(3)B(4)C(5)Ab.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.(1)infrastructure,includingairtraffic,financialmarketsandevenbasicemail;incompetent,indecisiveandconfused(2)iftheworld’smostinnovativetechnologycompanycannotprotectitscomputersfromdegitalaggressions,wecannotexpecttobeprotectedbythegovernment(3)theyhaveresponsibilitytopovidesomehardevidencetosupporttheirclaims(4)spamming,scammingandidentityfraud,whicharetheinevitablecastsofdemocratizingaccesstomultipurposetechnologies(5)notaquestionofnationalsecuritybutaquestionofbasicgovernmentincompetence2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.(1)derail(2)hype(3)spamming(4)nascent(5)simulate(6)parlance(7)weaponry(8)unplug(9)hostage(10)civiliansb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.(1)D(2)B(3)A(4)C(5)C(6)B(7)A(8)C(9)D(10)A3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)attack(2)disruption(3)described(4)assaults(5)traced(6)authorized(7)identified(8)sophistication(9)rogue(10)intrusion(11)demonstrate(12)issue(13)ultimate(14)eventual(15)launch(16)offensive(17)analysis(18)security(19)investigation(20)shined4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)Gainingrealknowledgerequirestakingrisksandkeepingthemindopen—butmostpeopleprefertobereassuredratherthantolearnthecomplexandoftenunsettlingtruthaboutanything.(2)Thesoldiersweresocourageousthattheysworntowipeoutanyenemythatdaretoinvadeintotheircountry.(3)They’resolackinginconfidenceintheattractionofbroadcastingthegamesonTVthattheyfeeltheyhavetohypeupwithsomehystericalcommentatorinordertogetanyonetowatchthem.(4)What’sworse,therearethosewhowouldunleashmaliciousnetworkattacksdesignedtoexploitthesehiddenvulnerabilitiestouncovertheprizeddatawithin.(5)Thechangeofthegovernment’sinterferencestrategiesonhousingusheredinaperiodofstablehouseprices.(6)Thisshowstrueleadership,sustainedvision,andsolidcommitment.Theywereapplaudedforstickingwithitforsomanyyearswithgreatsubtlety.(7)Howtosingleoutthemostsuccinctwaytofinishtheworkstillremainsaproblem.(8)ButDefenseSecretaryGatessaidtheUnitedStateshasputalotonthetableintermsofmissiledefenseproposalsanditistimefortheRussianstoreciprocate.2)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Accordingtosomemediareportsrecently,thecyberattackstoGoogleandmanyAmericancompaniesseemedtohaveoriginatedinChina.TheChairmanofChineseInternetAssociationrefutesthatitwasanirresponsibleprejudicetoallegeonthatcyberattacksoriginatedinChinawithoutthoroughinvestigation,andwasthereforeabsolutelyarbitrary.Withtherapiddevelopmentoninternetintheglobe,itwasdifficulttodeterminetheoriginbecauseoftheeaseofhidingidentitiesonline.Thehackermayhideidentities,logonthecomputerofaforeigncountryandcommitcyberattackstothecomputersinthethirdone.However,China’sinformationnetwork,aswellasmanyothercountries,alsofacesseverethreatofcyberattacks.Chinesegovernmenthasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetothesecurityofthecomputernetworkandstrengthenedinternationalcooperationtocrackdownoncrossbordercybercrimes,aswellasenhanceditscrackdownthroughconsultationandcollaborationwiththeInternationalCriminalPoliceOrganization.Therefore,itiswhollynonsensetoallegeonthatcyberattacksoriginatedinChinajudgingmerelyfromcomputerIPaddressofChina.b.EnglishtoChinese1)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.为什么这些在军事领域里被认为是“计算机网络攻击”的策略没有被更广泛地运用？尽管互联网带来了巨大的变化,但它并没有使悠久的战争规律变得过时或毫不相关。比如,按照军事惯例要求在攻击时区分平民和军事目标。在既相互分离又相互连接的网络空间里,这个要求并不容易满足:在网络攻击敌人的手机塔时,也会影响到平民目标。在2008年美军决定解散一个沙特阿拉伯的网络论坛。这个由CIA创立的论坛本来是用来收集情报的,但是却越来越被圣战分子用来计划对伊拉克的攻击。这次解散不经意间造成了在沙特阿拉伯、德国、德克萨斯州的300多台服务器的中断。网络攻击当然不具备外科手术的精确性,且对平民的伤害很难避免。军事指挥官们不想因战争罪受到审判，即使这些犯罪是通过网络进行的。2)ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.(1)根据最近的一项有关网络功能的民意调查显示,46%的受访者将因特网描述为朋友,43%的人则把它看成是敌人,还有11%的人心里不清楚。(2)网络能通过减少填写和更新应聘者资料的时间和成本来提高招聘效率,提升评估的有效性,以此来增强搜索公司提供给客户的建议的价值。(3)设想他们电脑的桌面上有一个图标,能够让他们提醒你一些任务,并且可以用鼠标将具体细节发送给你,这对客户来说将会是多么方便的事啊！(4)也就是说,一个设计良好的网络招聘程序能用网络来处理数据,每日不知疲倦地工作并且能跨越地理障碍,因此用人单位可以辨识候选人之间的细微差别,评估他们的优缺点,并且抓住机会推销他们。(5)这些新聘用的人员很快就被送到高价的培训项目中去学习在线获取应聘者资料的技术——远端网络数据挖掘工具——然后马上就能投入到工作之中去。TextBWorldwideMusha.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)aggregate(2)tyrannically(3)surgical(4)algorithms(5)benevolentness(6)impede(7)cede(8)appalling(9)fallacy(10)lucrativeb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.(1)insteadofsitting;makingthosecontributionsunpaid(2)developuniqueapproaches;aglobalmush(3)thebigventurecapitalfirms;asinglecollectiveoperation(4)dollopofonlinerecognition;lesscerebralwork(5)benefitfromintellectualproperty;informationcanroamaround(6)acctuallymakealiving;apeasanteveryday(7)goaway;becomemuchlesswellpaid(8)lessinclinedto;notthoughtof(9)ofextendingtheexperience;anattempt(10)asindividuals;theyandtheirchildrenc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.(1)F(2)T(3)F(4)T(5)T(6)T(7)F(8)F(9)T(10)TUnit4LoveandMarriage1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.(1)A(2)B(3)C(4)C(5)Ab.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.(1)thosetraditionallyuniqueadvantagesofmarriage,suchasraisingchildrenandenhancingone’sstatusandfinancialsituation(2)thatmarriageisdead,butthatagrowingnumberofadultsarespendingmoreoftheirlivessingleorlivingunmarriedwithpartners(3)getoutofmarriage(oranytypeofromanticrelationship)andtogetintoanewmaritalrelationship(oranyothertypeofromanticrelationship)(4)althoughtheattitudestowardmarriagearelargelydominatedbyacountry’sculturalandreligiousbeliefs,thewishforastable,longtermrelationshipisstilladesiredgoal(5)acceptthepossibilityofhavingshortermarriages,inwhichloveismorelikelytoremainalive;acceptthatmarriageshouldessentiallyinvolveacompanionableloveratherthanaromanticone2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.(1)encapsulate(2)proclaim(3)companionable(4)respectability(5)intrinsically(6)justification(7)contractual(8)exclusivity(9)gratifying(10)flexibilityb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.(1)A(2)C(3)D(4)B(5)A(6)B(7)C(8)A(9)C(10)B3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)equation(2)temporarily(3)how(4)back(5)version(6)or(7)problem(8)trap(9)into(10)presents(11)romantic(12)insane(13)letdown(14)what(15)last(16)though(17)marketed(18)wooed(19)caring(20)and4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)Potentialinvestorsexploringmorepromisingareas,suchaslowcarbonenergyandinfrastructure,arestymiedbecauseofthelackofaclearpolicyframework.(2)Fortunately,mostmanagerswelcomesuchinitiative,andtheyareincreasinglywillingtogivetheiremployeesmoreresponsibility,autonomy,andauthorityintheirjobs.(3)Weareofferingapackagedealwhichincludesthewholeofficecomputersystem,stafftrainingandhardwaremaintenance.(4)Althoughthissocalledcontinuousspeechrecognitionapproachhasindeedimprovedaccuracy,itisbynomeansinfallible.(5)Thisisaconcreteillustrationofwhatwemeanbyoneandthesamethinghavingtwocontradictoryaspects.(6)Actualdemandinaparticularyear,inparticularintheprivatesector,dependsontheeconomicfactorsandthecommercialdecisionsofdevelopersandconsumers.(7)Ifyoueverneedabloodtransfusion,it’simportantthatyouonlyreceivebloodcompatiblewithyourowntype.(8)Therefore,theEuropeanizationofChinesedoesnotstemfromaninternalforce,butratheroriginatesfromanexternalpressure.2)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Mostofus,whenyoung,hadtheexperienceofasweetheartbeingtakenfromusbysomebodymoreattractiveandmoreappealing.Atthetime,wemayhaveresentedthisintruder—butaswegrewolder,werecognizedthatthesweethearthadneverbeenourstobeginwith.Itwasnottheintruderthat“caused”thebreak,butthelackofarealrelationship.Onthesurface,manymarriagesseemtobreakupbecauseofa“thirdparty”.Thisis,however,apsychologicalillusion.Theotherwomanortheothermanmerelyservesasapretextfordissolvingamarriagethathadalreadylostitsessentialintegrity.Buttherejectedloverormatecannotaffordtobelievethathisbelovedhasfreelyturnedawayfromhim—andsoheascribessinisterormagicalpropertiestotheinterloper.Hecallshimahypnotistorathieforahomebreaker.Inthevastmajorityofcases,however,whenahomeisbroken,thebreakinghasbegunlongbeforeany“thirdparty”hasappearedonthescene.b.EnglishtoChinese1)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.现代社会,大多数由于解除婚姻关系所受的惩罚已经取消,而婚姻关系提供的许多鼓励措施也能在其他的社会结构中获得。因此,选择保持婚姻关系更多的是因为爱的缘故,而不是传统婚姻的一些独特优势,如抚养孩子,提高身份地位和改善经济状况。如果一个人觉得她目前的婚姻状态阻止她感受真挚的爱情,(从她的个人发展和满意度来看)她就没有太多的动力继续维持婚姻关系。事实上,现在许多离婚案件以缺乏爱情作为终止婚姻的理由,这表明爱情在当代婚姻中具有非同寻常的重要性。2)ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.(1)就生于不同国家、结合于第三国、目前在别国工作且子女、养老金和其他资产又散布于世界各地的跨国夫妇来说,他们的离婚大战在律师看来是福音,在其他人看来却是梦魇。(2)法国规定经济实力较弱的一方(通常是女方)离婚后必须立即自立;英格兰和美国一些州则要求终生赡养。有的国家仅要求对“婚后财产”(即婚后创建的资产)进行分割,有的却要分割所有财产。(3)英国法院正逐步采用这样一个原则(在美国一些州已得到确立),即婚后妻子为增强丈夫财富创造能力所付出的努力必须给予补偿,也就是说现有资产以及丈夫未来的收入都必须与妻子分享。(4)第三,一旦离婚迫在眉睫,女方也许想移居英格兰或者美国(但应避免到佛罗里达之类“无赡养费”的州);此时,男方宜留在欧洲大陆不动。(5)戴安娜王妃的弟弟厄尔·斯宾塞同其第一任妻子离婚时,是在他们当时的居住地南非提起离婚诉讼的,这着实让他的妻子吃惊不小。因为如果放在他们曾定居过的英格兰,她也许就能得到更好的待遇。TextBIDon’t—TheCaseagainstMarriageKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)rote(2)feminist(3)staggering(4)consumerism(5)sanctity(6)caveat(7)subsidy(8)throes(9)debunk(10)fractionb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.(1)riteof;aninstitution(2)thedivorceratepeaked;madesingledomchic(3)theirspouse(4)hasrisen(5)unmarriedtaxpayers;arealtaxbreak(6)samesexcouples;unmarriedmonogamists(7)lesscompetent,lessambitious;lesslikelytobehired(8)abusinesspartner;love;chores(9)financialindependence(10)lessrealistic;naive,almostarrogantc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.(1)T(2)T(3)F(4)F(5)T(6)T(7)T(8)F(9)F(10)TUnit5MedicineandIllness1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)A(5)Bb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.(1)schoolswereshutdown;thegovernmentbannedpublicgatherings;travelersfromaffectedregionswhoshowedsignsoffluwerequarantined(2)theyoung,thehealthyandthepregnant(3)notinpeoplebutinanimals;thosewhoareinclosecontactwithanimals(4)handwashing,sanitationanddistancingmeasureslikekeepingsickpeopleathome(5)communicatebetterwhattheyknowaboutanoutbreakandwhattheydon’tknowaboutit2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.(1)stranded(2)hindsight(3)vaccine(4)intertwined(5)transparency(6)grapplewith(7)catchoffguard(8)givemoreweightto(9)piledup(10)stampoutb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C(5)B(6)A(7)D(8)B(9)C(10)A3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)ratherthan(2)alone(3)concluded(4)timing(5)varies(6)compared(7)reveal(8)connected(9)triggering(10)attributed(11)majority(12)counted(13)risk(14)immunity(15)likely(16)previous(17)adolescents(18)effectively(19)severe(20)dependent4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)SomepeopledubChinaas“TheBicycleKingdom”.Yetinthepast,youcouldhardlyseeanyonefromthiskingdomintheinternationalcyclingevents.(2)TheWHOsaysanyoneexposedtothebirdflushouldbequarantinedtoavoidcontactwithsufferersofregularhumaninfluenza.(3)Thegreat“Spanishflu”pandemicof1918~1919wasconsideredtheworstplagueinhistory,killingupto40millionpeoplewithhalfoftheworld’spopulationinfectedinonlyafewmonths.(4)Thetimefortalkisover.Thetimeforactionisnow.Becauseweknowthatifwedon’tact,abadsituationwillbecomedramaticallyworse.Crisiscouldturnintocatastropheforfamiliesandbusinessesacrossourcountry.(5)Calledplantfactories,theseanonymouslookingwarehouseshavesprungupacrossthewholeworldandcanchurnoutimmaculatelookinglettucesandgreenleaves24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.(6)Ithink,learningEnglishcanboildowntothreesimpleingredients:persistence,properwaysandgoodteachers.(7)Usually,whenweputtheblameonothers,wewouldbeblindofourownmistakes.Andifwedon’tacknowledgeorlearnfromourownmistakes,chancesarehighthatwearegoingtorepeatthem.(8)Todefuseyouranger,tryasimplestressmanagementtechnique.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,someoneyoulove.2)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Eveninrichcountries,itwillbemonthsbeforeeveryonewhowantsthevaccinecangetit.Poorcountrieswillgetlittleifanyvaccine.Thepandemicvaccineshouldmakeyouandyourfamilysafefromthisvirus,butyoumaynotgetitformonths,ifyoucangetitatall.Somecountries,includingtheUSandtheUK,haveorderedenoughtovaccinateeveryoneandimmunizationbeganthismonth.Mostpoorcountrieswillgetonlyalittle,ornone.Inrichcountriesmanywillstillgetsick,andsomewilldie,beforetheycanbevaccinated.Andyetevenpeoplewhocangetitarehesitating.NearlyhalftheparentsintheUSsaytheywillrefusetovaccinatetheirkids,eventhoughchildrenareaprioritygroupforvaccination,duetounfoundedrumorsabouttherisksofthevariousswinefluvaccines.b.EnglishtoChinese1)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.在甲流疫情刚开始的时候,卫生官员们就已经发现该病毒很容易传染。感染甲流的病例不断地增加,仅仅几个星期,甲流病毒就已经遍布世界的各个角落。但是当研究员们了解甲流是一种新型流感病毒时,当他们得知人类对其还没有免疫力时,当他们发现其传染速度很快时,他们并不能马上估量其是否具有致命性。过去的有些流行病是比较温和的,然而像导致全世界1亿人丧生的1918年流感之类的流感却是例外。毕竟在刚开始,没有任何方法可以去证明甲流病毒会是怎样的一种病毒