讲稿必修五unit1-2寒假

2015-2-2范小聪学生李伟强填写时间学科英语年级高二版本人教版第（共（）课时）课时□：第（维护期□阶段）周本人课时统计第（共（）课时）课时unit1-22015-2-3课题名称课时计划上课时间同步教学知识内容教学目标个性化学习问题解决掌握本课的重要词汇、句型及语法教学重点本课的重要词汇、句型及语法教学难点本课语法：教师活动5Unit1Greatscientists核心单词：1.characteristicn.特色；特性；典型adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的Kindnessisoneofhischaracteristics.Acharacteristicofthecamelisitsabilitytoliveforalongtimewithoutwater.Some2015-2-2范小聪学生李伟强填写时间学科英语年级高二版本人教版第（共（）课时）课时□：第（维护期□阶段）周本人课时统计第（共（）课时）课时unit1-22015-2-3课题名称课时计划上课时间同步教学知识内容教学目标个性化学习问题解决掌握本课的重要词汇、句型及语法教学重点本课的重要词汇、句型及语法教学难点本课语法：教师活动5Unit1Greatscientists核心单词：1.characteristicn.特色；特性；典型adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的Kindnessisoneofhischaracteristics.Acharacteristicofthecamelisitsabilitytoliveforalongtimewithoutwater.Someanimalspossessthecharacteristicofman.Iheardmyfriend’scharacteristiclaugh.character/characteristiccharactern.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristicn.特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）固定搭配：becharacteristicof表现了……的典型特色……教学过程2.conclude vi.;【归纳】n.结束,结论make／draw／reach／cometo／arriveatabringsth.toa使…结束；in作为结论，最后；1）Themeetingconcludedatteno'clock.会议于十点钟结束。2）Itishardtoconclude.这很难断定。3.defeat（计划、希望）落空Ourteamdefeatedouropponentby5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。Hewasdefeatedinhisplan.他的计划失败了。易混辨析defe“3.defeat（计划、希望）落空Ourteamdefeatedouropponentby5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。Hewasdefeatedinhisplan.他的计划失败了。易混辨析defe“战胜”、“击败”的意思。edefeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeattheenemy(打败敌人)。conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物控制，如：conquernature（征服自然）。e指“战胜；压倒；克服”，如：defeat/beat/winedifficulties（克服困难）。的宾语常指“敌人”，在“或比赛”中则用beat，但两者有时可以互换用。也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、race/abattle/awar/ascholarship/aprize/amedal/success/friendship/reward...赢得比赛/战役/ /奖学金/奖品/奖章/成 谊/奖赏……3）作“打”之意时beat，hitstrike的区别：beat强调“连续地打”；hit表示“打一下”；而strike则表示“一次有力的打击”高手过招（）Somecountriesmaybe butcanneverbe Whois thedrum?He thefirstprizeinthewritingcontest.:defeated;conqueredbeatingwon4.attendv.注意；留意；出席；到场；照看；照料=takecare=lookafter常用结构：attendschool/collegeattendalecture/meetingattendawedding/ceremonyattendancen.We’llattendtotheproblemlater.Whichdoctorisattendingyou?上学/上大学听讲座/出席会议/参加典礼出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料稍后关注这个问题。哪个医生为你看病?5.exposevt.； ；使，常与介词to连用，表示“使于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使”。常用结构：exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)beexposedtoexposesb/sthDon’texposeittotherain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。Thesoldiersin5.exposevt.； ；使，常与介词to连用，表示“使于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使”。常用结构：exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)beexposedtoexposesb/sthDon’texposeittotherain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。Thesoldiersintheopenfieldareexposedtotheenemy’sfire.显露或于……于……/揭发某事空地里的士兵于敌人的火力之下。6.deadly(1)adj.致命的，deadlypoison剧毒adeadlyblow致命一击以-ly结尾的形容词还有：friendly友好的brotherly兄弟般的timelylovelylonelysillydaily地，及时的可爱的寂寞的愚蠢的日常的（2）adv.死一样地，deadlypale 死一样的苍白deadlyserious 非常严肃diedeadv.死adj.deadline n.最后期限deathn.dyingadj.奄奄一息7.curevt.&n.治愈，治疗；常用于“curesbof结构中。Thedoctorcuredherofabadcold.Itispossibletocurethesickness.易混辨析cure/treat/heal/recovercure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗的全过程或活动。heal意为“治愈（伤口）；医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。Thatpillcuredmyheadache.Thatwillcurehimofhisbadhabits.Thereareonlytwodoctorstotreatmorethan50patients.Thewoundonmyarmhashealed.He’snowfullyrecoveredfromhisbadcold.8.absorb后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。联想拓展absorbfromsth.beabsorbedin从……中吸收专心于，全神贯注于Cottonglovesabsorbsweat.Somanygoodideas!It’stoo后常接介词in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介词into；承受；经受。联想拓展absorbfromsth.beabsorbedin从……中吸收专心于，全神贯注于Cottonglovesabsorbsweat.Somanygoodideas!It’stoomuchformetoabsorballatonce.这么多好主意！我很难一下子完全吸收。Theoldmanwascompletelyabsorbedinthebook.Thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity.四周的小城镇已并入到这座城市中。高手过招完成句子（）①那个人因为看报纸太入神而撞到了墙上。 ，themanwalkedintoawall.②他们聚精会神地 电视里的表演，舍不得离开。Theywere theshowontelevisionthattheyfoundithardtopullaway.：①Deeplyabsorbedinthenewspaper②sodeeplyabsorbedinwatching9.blamevt.责备；谴责；归咎于(过失、过错等)责任常用结构：blamesb.for(doing)sth.blamesth.onsb.sb.betoblamefor(doing)sth.Thestudentblamedtheteacherforhisfailure.学生因失败而责怪老师。因(做)某事而指责因某事而指责因(做)某事应受到谴责Thecarelessdriveristoblameforthetrafficaccidenthappeningyesterday.那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。Whoistoblameforthefailure??温馨提示betoblame应负责(无形式)10.linkvt.连接；联系n.环；连接；联系；纽带常用结构：link...to/withlinkupwithThehighwaylinksShanghaito/withBeijing.这条公路连接着上海和北京。Yourstorylinksupwithhis.你所说的和他所说的能联系起来。将……和……连接/联系起来与……结合/连接Alotoflinksfittedtogetherformachain.许多链环连在一起组成链条。Oldfriendsarealinkwiththepast.是连接往事的纽带。①这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。②这些事件之间都有一些微妙的Alotoflinksfittedtogetherformachain.许多链环连在一起组成链条。Oldfriendsarealinkwiththepast.是连接往事的纽带。①这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。②这些事件之间都有一些微妙的(subtly)联系。：①Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.②Theseeventsareallsubtlylinkedtogether.11.instructvt教导;指示[典例]1）MissLiuinstructedaclassinmathlastyear.刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.2）ThevolunteersoftengotoanorphanhometoinstructorphansinEnglish这些志愿者经常去孤儿之家去教他们英语.3）Hewasinstructedwhentostartthroughthe.他从邮件中得到出发时间4）HewasinstructedtosailforNewYork.他奉命前往纽约。[重点用法]instructsb.(insth.)教,教导,传授技能instructsb.todo;instructwh-命令,指示,instructthat-clause通知（instruct作“命令”时，相当于order,从句用虚拟语气，形式为should+动原）另：instruction作“用法说明，操作指南”讲时，得用复数形式。相当于directions.12.arisevi出现；发生（arosearisen）且arisefrom“于，发生于”固搭。problemarosehere.Thepresentdifficultiesinourcountryarisefromthereducedvalueofitsmoney.13.reject的结构，意为“排除；抛弃”。Thedoctorrejectedthestudentafterthephysicalexamination.Hisappealhasbeenrejected.他的上诉被驳回了。refuse1）refuse+名词，意为“拒绝……”。Theofficialrefusedtheglovemoneyfromabusinessman.那个拒绝接受生意人的礼金。2）refusesb.sth.，意为“拒绝某物”。Ijustcan’trefusemygranddaughteranything.我就是无法拒绝我孙女的任何要求。3.refusetoIjustcan’trefusemygranddaughteranything.我就是无法拒绝我孙女的任何要求。3.refusetodosth.，意为“拒绝做某事”。Someuniversitystudentsfromthecountrysiderefusedtotakeanydonation.任何捐款。一些农村来的大学生拒绝接受decline婉拒;谢绝[+to-v]Shedeclinedtheirinvitation.她婉拒了他们的邀请。Shedeclinedtohavelunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.她说她身体不舒服,婉拒了与朋友共进午餐。重点短语：1.putforward提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将表拨快Heputforwardabetterplan.CanIputyou/yournameforwardforgolfclubsecretary?Heputsforwardseveralinterestingplans.Mywatchwasslow,soIputitforward.联想拓展putin插嘴putoffputonputawaydownputonweightputoutputupputbackputupwithputanendto收拾好；储存发福；长胖生产；扑灭举起；张贴放回，送回忍受;忍耐;结束；终止受苦2.lookinto……里面看联想拓展lookaround/round/aboutlookafterlookbacklookbackto/upon/onlookdownuponlookforlookforwardtolookonlookon/upon...aslookoutlookthroughlookup环顾四周回头看回顾；回想俯视；轻视寻求；寻找盼望旁观把……看作透过……看；浏览抬头看；查阅温馨提示lookinto与one’sface/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。Helooksintoherfacewithgreatinterest.他饶有地注视着脸。Let’slook温馨提示lookinto与one’sface/eyes等连用，表示“注视”。Helooksintoherfacewithgreatinterest.他饶有地注视着脸。Let’slookintotheproblemtogetherandfigureoutawaytosolveit.办法。3.apartfrombesidesexept或exeptfor的意思eg：Apartfromthecost,itwilltakealotoftime.(=besides)Theorphanhadnoonetotakecareofhimapartfromhisuncle.(=except)Hehasdonegoodwork,apartfromafewslightfaults.(=exceptfor)besidesexceptexceptforeg：AlltheessaysarewellwrittenexceptNelson's.essays（非除去的）except．exceptfor，并且从语气上通常表示遗憾．eg：Hisessayiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.mistakes(除去的）Hisessay（非除去的）是不同类的事物．4.leadto(1)AllroadsleadtoRome.Successliesinhardworkwhilelazinesscanleadtofailure.(2)leadsbtodosth导致 做某事Whatledyoutothinkthat?leading adj.leadern.者leadershipn.者地位undertheleadershipof在……的之下另：leadled。leadtoto为介词重点句型：1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐的 死去。本句是一个复合句，everytime引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个“therebe”结构。Somany每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐的 死去。本句是一个复合句，everytime引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个“therebe”结构。Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied是主句。联想拓展类似的时间状语归纳：eachtime每次；每当atthetime在那个时候；（当……）的时候any/next/thefirst/thelasttime意为“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。themomenttheminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。Shewenttoseehimdirectlyshegottheletter.她一收到信就去看他了。Immediatelythemealwasover,heswitchedontheradio.一吃完饭他就把收音机打开了。Shecametothescenethemomentsheheardoftheaccident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶到了现场。Thelasttimewetalkedhesaidheneededanothertwodays.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。e.g.Onlywhenoneisawayfromhomedoesonerealizehownicehomeis.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。e.g.OnlyXiaoWangknowsthis.Ifonly......wouldcould表示将来。Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.他要是知道 就好了（用过去时表示现在）IfonlyIculdspakevralforeignlaguges（woud/oud）Ifonlyyouhadtoldmethetruthbefore. 要是你以前告诉 （用过去完成时表示过去）only和wish的用法相同，表示的意愿也基本相同。Ifonlyitwouldrain.但愿天能下点儿雨！HowIwishitwouldrain.IfonlyIhadknownherearlier!要是我早点儿认识她就好了！IwishIhadknownherearlier.考点/易错点 词性变换sciencen 科学scientificadj.科学的scientistn.科学家announcev．宣布announcementn.宣布announcern，广播员，告知者instructv．指导，命令instructionn.指导，指示instructiveadj.有益的，教育性的enthusiasticadj.热心的，热enthusiasmn.狂热，热心enthusiastn.热心家，狂热者情的valuableadj.有价值的valuen.价值valuev.估价,评价1.Didyouattendthe情的valuableadj.有价值的valuen.价值valuev.估价,评价1.Didyouattendthemeeting yesterday?A.tobeheld B.havingbeenheldC.held D.beingheld2.Iborrowedabook byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.written B.writingC.waswritten D.towriteCleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget bythehour.pay B.paying C.paid D.topayWhathehasdoneisreally .Nowhisparentsare him.disappointed; disappointedatdisappointing; disappointedaboutdisappointing; disappointedwithdisappointed; disappointingbyAsisknowntousall,travelingis ,butweoftenfeel_ eresting;tired B.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiring D.interested;tiredHearingthe news,weallfelt encouraging;encouragingencouraged;encouragedencouraged;encouragingencouraging;encouragedFromthedates onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.marking B.markedC.tobemarked D.havingbeenmarkedLindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany, as3M.knowing B.knownC.beingknown D.tobeknownThedisc,digitally _inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.recorded B.recordingC.toberecorded D.havingrecordedDon’tusewords,expressions,orphrases onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.beingknown B.havingbeenknownC.tobeknown D.known基础操练Ⅰ.单词拼写Thefarmersinthisareahadagoodharvestlastyearthankstothes （科学的）Thedoctorhadmyeyese forweakening.Theywered （失败）intheirⅠ.单词拼写Thefarmersinthisareahadagoodharvestlastyearthankstothes （科学的）Thedoctorhadmyeyese forweakening.Theywered （失败）intheirattempt(企图)toreachthetopofthemountain.Thelittlebravegirle thecrime(罪行)ofthecriminal(罪犯).Youshouldnotr theinvitationfromyouroldfriend.Whatisyourv （观点）onChineseeducation?farming.7.Thearewatchingtheman’sm Wemusttryto (分析)thecausesofthestrike.Kindnessisoneoftheprimeminister’s (特征).ThefamousKoreanplayactorgotan (热情的receptioninⅡ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe (astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.Don’tdrink (pollute)water,becauseitcarriesthedisease.Someofthepeople (invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.Thereisacar (park)outsidethehouse.Wewere (inspire)bythe (inspire)news.Ⅲ.完成句子 thesereasons,hesaidnothing..OurEnglishteacher us.吧。3.让我们一起去听李教授的Let’s thelecturebyprofessorLifromBeijingUniversity.4.他粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。Hiscarelessdriving 5.他捐赠食物和衣服给 theserioustrafficaccident.会。He foodandclothing theRedCross.Ⅳ.单项填空从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.ThedoctorhasA.comeaboutC.spokenup anewideaonthetreatment,whichiswellthoughtofbyhiscompanions.B.putforwardD.regardedas2.Thestudentsarebusymakingpreparationsforthelecturebecausetheywill thecompetition.A.attendC.takepartinB.joinD.attendto3.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho forthespoiledchild.A.istoblameC.istobeblamedB.isgoingtoblameD.shouldblame4. hecamein,Irecognizedhim.A.ThemomentC.SoonB.ShortlyD.Beforelong5.Thewarmsunshine thecomingofspring.A.declaresC.predictsB.announcesD.publishes6.YoushouldreadtheA.instructionC.introductions inthecarrepairmanual（手册）carefullybeforeyoustarttodriveit.B.instructionsD.explanations7.Iputtheclock by6.YoushouldreadtheA.instructionC.introductions inthecarrepairmanual（手册）carefullybeforeyoustarttodriveit.B.instructionsD.explanations7.Iputtheclock by20minutesinordernottobelateforworkagain.A.forwardB.backC.downD.away8.Itissleepinglateinthemorningthat beinglateforwork.A.devotestoC.referstoB.stickstoD.leadsto9. Yourfatherlikestoplaygolf,he’sreallyenthusiastic it.A.byB.aboutC.withD.on10.Pleasehavealittlepatience;wewill themattersoon.A.lookupB.lookoutC.lookintoD.lookdownLanguagepointsWarmingup1、Consistof由…组成，由….构成（不用态也不用进行时）Theteamconsistsofonehundredmenandwomenathletes.=Theteamismadeupofonehundredmenandwomenathletes.Thereisabigfamily,consistingoftenpeople.Consistin在于，决定于(不用 态)=bebasedon/dependon/uponWhatdoeshappinessconsistin?什么才算是幸福？Thebeautyofthetownconsistsinthestyleofitsancientbuildings.consistentadj.一致的；调和的consistwith...与……一致，相符beconsistentwith...与……一致完成句子(1)这个由大约50名会员组成。Thisclub about50members.(2)理论应与实践相一致。Theoryshould practice.(3)这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。Thebeautyoftheplan itssimplicity.(4)你的行为和你所说的不一致。Yourconductisnot whatyousay.Consistsof/consistwith/consistsin/consistentwith2.take常见用法有以下几种：(1)Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doingsth.takessb.＋时间,做某事花了thiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.sb作主语。cost的主语是物或某种活动，常见用法如下：(1)sth.costssb.)＋金钱,某物花了（）Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（）多少时间。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：costcost。Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spend注意：costcost。Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtimemoney(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给them20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替 付钱。例：Don’tworry!I'llpayforyou.别担心，我会给(4)paysb.付钱给payuseverymonth.他们每月给我们offone'smoney还清钱Pre-reading3、divide把…..分成；分开”指将一个整体分成若divide…into…把……分成……分divideAbyBABdividesthinhalf/intohalves把某物分成两半Hedividedthecakeintothree=Thecakewasdividedintothree.Dividethislineinto20equalparts.We’llhavetodividetheworkbetween(among)us.6dividedby3is2.区别：separate多指把原来连在一起或者是靠近的人或事物分离开，常与介词from,by搭配Thetwotownsareseparatedbytheriver.First,heseparatedthegoodapplesfromthebadones,andsecond,hedividedagoodoneintotwoparts.完成句子(1)我们分成几个小组吧。Let's severalgroups.(2)孩子们，把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。Children, thecakeupbetween/amongyou.(3)如果你把二十除以四，那么商是五。Ifyou 20 4,theansweris5.(4)The海峡把岛和福建省分隔开。Strait Island FujianProvince.diurselvesinto/divide/divideby/separatesfromReading1.puzzle n难题，迷/益智玩具()Programmingisreallyapuzzletome.Across-wordpuzzle填字Vttoconfusesomeone使迷惑Whatpuzzledmealotishowhebrokeintotheroomwithoutbeingnoticed.Vi *bepuzzledabout/over为…..冥思苦想I’vebeensittingherepuzzlingabout/overwhattodo.Across-wordpuzzle填字Vttoconfusesomeone使迷惑Whatpuzzledmealotishowhebrokeintotheroomwithoutbeingnoticed.Vi *bepuzzledabout/over为…..冥思苦想I’vebeensittingherepuzzlingabout/overwhattodo.2．Clarify vt/vi 澄清，阐明，讲清楚clarifyaproblemanissue澄清问题clarifyone'sposition澄清的立场clarificationn.澄清(作用)；说明，解释IhopethatwhatIsaidwillclarifythissituation.Heclarifyhispositiononthewelfarereform.上的立场3.referto谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指……而言联想拓展refertosb./sth.asrefersth.torefersb.to易混辨析referto/consult/lookup把 把某事提交让 向……求助referto和consult都可作“查阅（词典、参考书等）”讲，表此意时两词可以互换。lookup意为“（在词典、时刻表等中）查找……”。Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.我们同意不再谈论这件事了。ShethoughtIwasreferringtoherdaughterwhenweweretalking.当我们谈话时她以为我指的是(1)完成句子女儿。①Althoughshe didn ’tmentionanynames, everyoneknewwhoshe was (谈到).②Hegavethespeech (没有参阅hisnotes.③Helikesto (被称为)“DoctorKhee”.④Mydoctor me (向……求助)ahospitalspecialist.(2)单项填空①Theprofessor atthemeetingwillgiveusalecturenextweek.二中模块检测）（2010·01·山东青州A.ReferredC.Referring②If you areB.referredtoD.referringtonot sure of the meaning of this word, you can the dictionary.（2010·浙江萧山质量检测）A.refertoC.SeeB.lookupD.makeuseof③Duringhisstayinourcollege,heoftenbeganhistalkby thispastexperienceasasoldier.（2010·01·江西南昌检测）A.turningtoB.referringtoC.stickingtoD.speakingto④Usingalongstick,theteacher aplaceonthemapandaskedthechildrenC.stickingtoD.speakingto④Usingalongstick,theteacher aplaceonthemapandaskedthechildrentonameit.（2010·01·江苏启东检测）A.gotdowntoC.referredtoB.pointedtoD.cameto(1)①referringto②withoutreferringto③bereferredtoas④referred;to(2)①：选B。句意为：在会议上被提到的那位教授下周将给我们作一次讲座。用referto的过去分词形式作后置定语，表示。②③A。referto在句中作“查阅”讲，Blookupthewordinthedictionary。：选B。考查词义辨析。turnto的意思是“求助于”，但其宾语是人，不可以是物；referto的意思是“参考；查询；谈到；提到”；stickto的意思是“坚持”。④B。考查短语辨析。getdownto的意思是“开始；着手”，后跟名词或动名词；pointto的意思是“指着；指向”；referto的意思是“参考；提到”；cometo的意思是“达到”。4.aswelleg:Icanswimaswell.aswell,also,too,eitheraswell:用于肯定句，只用于句尾。Heplaysthepianoaswell.also:（实义动词之前，be动词，助动词，或情态动词之后。Healsoplaysthepiano.Heplaysthepiano,too.4）either:用于否定句中。Hedoesn'tplaythepianoeither.拓展：aswellas 样好；既…又…；不但…而且…连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有togetherwith,alongwith,besides,but,except,including,ratherthan等也属此种情况。不能用“A，BaswellasC"结构，但可用"AaswellasBandC"or"AandBaswellasC"结构。eg:1)Theteacheraswellassomestudentswasinterestedinthequestion.=Notonlysomestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasinterestedinthequestion.Iplaytennisaswellashe同级比较)Shesingsaswellasplayingthepiano.（后接动词一般用动名词形式）HespeaksSpanishandEnglishaswellasFrench.5．plishvt plishone'saim/atask达到目的/ 完成任务Heknewhehadplishedsomethingafterall.Thebestmethodtoplishthisgoalistouniteasmanypeopleaspossible.plished adj.plishableadj.plishedpainter/singer/authorplishment n （不可数）plishmentofThebestmethodtoplishthisgoalistouniteasmanypeopleaspossible.plished adj.plishableadj.plishedpainter/singer/authorplishment n （不可数）plishmentofthistaskdependsupontheeffortofthewholeclass.AnTheplishment成就，才能=achievement （可数）LilywasdelightedtohavehismusicalPlayingpianoisoneofhermanyplishmentsadmired.plishments.plish的正确形式填空用Heisatall,handsome,cleverand(1) man.Hehasmany(2) ，amongwhicharedancingandsinging.Whenaskedwhathisbiggestaimis,hesaidhewantedtobuildanartschool,wherealotofyoungmencanstudythereto(3) theirdreams.Heissurethathisgreatdreamis(4)throughhishardwork.plished/plishments/plishable6．n抵触，,comeinto发生争执Thisstubbornboyoftencomesintowithhisclassmatesoversomeproblemsarmedaofinterests利益betweentwocultures两种文化的7. breakaway(from)“挣脱；逃离”Therobberbrokeawayfromtheprison.有关的短语：breakout（，疾病，火灾等）爆发，没有态TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.Afirebrokeoutinthishotellastnight.TheSARSbrokeoutinearlyspringandspreadalloverthebrekdown（车辆，机器）（计划）（身体）Thecarbrokedownontheway.Hisplanbrokedownatlast..；分解Thescientistbrokedownforlackofrestandhadtogotothehospital.Wateriseasilybrokendownintohydrogenandoxygen.breakin闯入；打断ThethiefbrokeinandstoletheTVset.Don’tbreakinwhenwearetalking.breakup(使)解散；结束，放假；绝交Thebrokeupthefightingcrowdbyviolence.ThestudentswillbreakupfortheChristmasvacationnextweek.Maryhasjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend.breakthroughbreakup(使)解散；结束，放假；绝交Thebrokeupthefightingcrowdbyviolence.ThestudentswillbreakupfortheChristmasvacationnextweek.Maryhasjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend.breakthrough出现，Itwasacloudyday，butthesunatlastbrokethrough.Oursoldierssuccessfullybrokethroughtheenemy’sdefenses.完成句子(1)小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。Thethieves theofficeandstolesomemoney.(2)车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。Thecar halfwaytothecamp.(3)他几年前脱离了那个团体。He thatlawlessgroupyearsago.(4)厨房突然发生了火灾。Fire inthekitchen.brokeinto/brokedown/brokeawayfrom/brokeout8．toone’scredit值得赞扬，为…..增光Itisgreatlytoyourcreditthatyouhavecredit n信任；信誉；信用；荣誉；赞扬creditcardThecreditisduetoyou.荣誉应该归于你。V把……归于becreditedto把……归于esuchdifficulties.Muchoftheirsuccesscanbecreditedtotheirteacher.9.convenience n.方便，便利（不可数）forconvenience为了方便Ikeepmyreferencebooknearmydeskforconvenience.atone’sconvenience在方便的时候I’llcallatyourhouseatyourconvenience.（可数）AwashingmachineisoneofthemanymodernconveniencesConvenientadj.方便的;附近的convenienttime/momentItisconvenientforyoutotaketheshuttlethere.(1)妈妈邀请格林一家方便的时候来我家玩。MuminvitedtheGreenstovisitourhouse (2)你方便明天去接我儿子吗？Isit you mysontomorrow?attheirconvenience；convenientfortopickup10influence v 指通过说理等“无形的力量”对人的思想、情感和行为进行“潜移默化”的影响。Sheiseasily10influence v 指通过说理等“无形的力量”对人的思想、情感和行为进行“潜移默化”的影响。Sheiseasilyinfluencedbyherfriend.TheTVadvertisementshaveinfluencedmyattitudetowardthesegoods.influencesbtodosthMyfatherinfluencedmetochooseteachingasmycareer.influencedyoutomakeadecision?nn(可数)有影响力的人、物Whathaveaninfluenceon对…..有影响undertheinfluenceof 在…影响下Thisbookislikelytohaveadeepinfluenceonhislife.Heisaninfluenceinbusinesscircle.他在商界是个有影响力的人区别：affect表示“影响”时，和influence意义相近，有时可互换。但affect通常指受到“有形力量”造成的物质和生理上的影响（不好的，且没有afctsbtodo的形式。此外，t还可以表示感动”。Smokingcanaffectyourhealth.Alltheaudienceswereaffectedtotears.effect v.n影响，效果havean/agood/aseriouseffectonhavelittle/noeffect(up)onIwilleffectmypurpose.Nooneshallstopme.Therecenteventseffectedachangeinmyopinion.最近的事态导致了我看法上的改变。Themajoryouchoosenowwillhaveagreateffectonyourfuturedevelopment.11. worthadj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值n.价值;用处[典例]Thenewcarcostalotofmoney,butit'scertainlyworthit.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱,物有所值。worthofjewellery.100万英镑的珠宝。[重点用法]beworth+n值得……beworthdoingsth值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值eg:Theculturalrelicisworthalotofmoney.Thebookisworthreading.very,wellworth.但确实易混辨析worth/worthy/worthwhile“beworth+n.”结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示“……值……钱”。beworthdoingsth.……某事值得被做“beworthyof+n./doing”“……值得……”。beworthytobedone/beworthyofbeingdone某事值得被做Itisworthwhiletodosth.值得做某事Itisworthwhiledoingsth.值得去做某事Itisworthwhileforsb.todo/doingsth.值得去做某事Thearticleisworthyofcarefulstudy.=ThearticleisItisworthwhiledoingsth.值得去做某事Itisworthwhileforsb.todo/doingsth.值得去做某事Thearticleisworthyofcarefulstudy.=Thearticleisworthstudyingcarefully.=Thearticleisworthyofbeingstudiedcarefully.=Thearticleisworthytobestudiedcarefully.这篇文章值得仔细学习。单项填空①ThisbookisworthyofA.ReadingC.havingread twice（2009·12·江苏南京月考）B.readD.beingread②Heiswellskilled playingthepiano,sohismusicisworth .（2009·12·山东烟台模块检测）A.with;listeningC.in;listeningB.with;listeningtoD.in;listeningto：D。beworthy后可以用不定式的 done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达概念。②选Dbeskilledin也可以用beskilledat“在……方面熟练的；在……方面有能力的”。worth意思是“值得”,后跟动名词的主动语态表达music作listentolistento不可以去掉。概念。在句中，10.leaveout省去、遗漏、不考虑You’vemadeamistake——you’veleftouttheletterT.leavebehind忘记带走，遗留下abaginabus/achainofproblem)leavemealone让我独处leaveaside搁置11furnish 为（房间）提供aroomfurnishedwithadeskandsofa.Weareaskedtofurnishtechnologysupportforthissoftwaredevelopment.furnishsb.sth.withsth.＝furnishsth.tosb.sth.为befurnishedwith提供，布置furnituren.家具(不可数名词)/某物提供某事物12taketheplaceof代替、取代Noonecouldtaketheplaceofhermother.联想：takeplaceGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.takeone’splace入座，站好位置Shallwetakeourplacesatthetable?takeone’splace.Mysisterwasabsentatthemoment.Whocantakeherplace/taketheplaceofher?Languagepointsaboutthetimebecauseshewasworriedaboutthetime2.available可得到的，可用的，有效的（可跟to/for连用）TheswimmingpoolisavailableonlyinsummerLanguagepointsaboutthetimebecauseshewasworriedaboutthetime2.available可得到的，可用的，有效的（可跟to/for连用）Theswimmingpoolisavailableonlyinsummer游泳池只在夏天开放。Theticketisnolongeravailable。票不再有效。We’veusedupalltheavailablespace.Thereisonlyalittlemoneyavailablefor/tothetrip.这次旅行只有少量的钱可以花。someoneisfree（人）有空的Iamavailablethisafternoon.单项填空Weregrettoinformyouthattherearenotickets forFriday’sperformance.A.available B.spare C.convenient D.affordable“我们很遗憾地通知你available“可提供的，可得到的”，【常作后置定语。：A。3.delight 高兴， （不可数）take great delightin以……为乐withdelight高兴，愉快toone'sdelgh＝tothedelightofb.使高兴的是It'sadelighttodosth.做某事是令人愉快的delightedadj.高兴的，的bedelightedat为某事而高兴bedelightedtodosththat为……而高兴Thekidsrushedtothebeach,screamingwith/indelight.孩子们高兴地惊叫着冲向沙滩。TomydelighttheteacherannouncedthatIhadbeenawardedthemodelstudent.使我高兴的是….Hetakesdelightinplayingjokesonhissister. 乐于，（可数）somethingthatmakesyouveryhappy使人高兴的事Oneofmygreatestdelightsissleepinginthesofa.V togivesomebodygreatsatisfactionandenjoyment使….高兴Yourvisitlastweekdelightedus.5Whatsomethingthatinterestedhermost是主语从句Whatinterests/moves/frightens/inspiressbmostis…最使人…..的是…..Whatfrightenedmemostintheamusementparkisthefree-fallride.Whatinspiresmemostisthathedevotedhiswholelifetopreservingtheendangeredanimals.6. ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.在“Itis/wasnecessary/important/strange/incredible”及“Itisapity/ashame/nowonder”之后由that然已经……;居然已经……”，表示说话人对已经出现的事态感到“惊奇、惊喜、怀疑”等。Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce.有必要马上派他到那里去。Itisstrangethatthewheelshouldturnsoslowly.真奇怪，这个竟然转动得如此慢。Itisagreatpity/shame/thatheshouldbesoconceited.真遗憾，他竟会这样自高自大。I’msurprisedthatheshouldhavebeensofoolish.我很奇怪，他竟然会这么傻。7.thrill v 使兴奋，使狂喜，使惊恐Hewasthrilledtoseethefrightfulscene在“Itis/wasnecessary/important/strange/incredible”及“Itisapity/ashame/nowonder”之后由that然已经……;居然已经……”，表示说话人对已经出现的事态感到“惊奇、惊喜、怀疑”等。Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce.有必要马上派他到那里去。Itisstrangethatthewheelshouldturnsoslowly.真奇怪，这个竟然转动得如此慢。Itisagreatpity/shame/thatheshouldbesoconceited.真遗憾，他竟会这样自高自大。I’msurprisedthatheshouldhavebeensofoolish.我很奇怪，他竟然会这么傻。7.thrill v 使兴奋，使狂喜，使惊恐Hewasthrilledtoseethefrightfulsceneinthemovie.n 一阵情绪Hefeltathrillthemomenthegotontheplatform.他一登上讲台就感到一阵兴奋thrillingadj令人兴奋的thrillern惊险小说或完成句子1.Whyyoudebatethiswonderfulopportunitysocarefullyisa (困惑)tome.6．这道数学题把小明给难住了，无论他怎么努力也无法计算出正确的 .This maths problem Xiaoming. No matter how hard hetried,he couldn't therightanswe7．世界上最著名的教堂之一西敏寺是英国的旅游胜地。WestminsterAbbey, isoneofthemostfamouschurchesintheworld,isthe ofBritain,8．陈想把从中国出去的企图永远不可能得逞。ChenShuibian'sattemptto Chinacouldnotbeachievedforever.9．未来，地铁将会逐步取代公共汽车成为人们的主要交通工具。Theundergroundwill the