2020年高考英语全国卷1试题及答案word精校版

word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。2018年高考英语全国卷1试题及答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结朿后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。笫一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。毎段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgeneroBus..She'scurious.C.She'shelpful.Whendoesthetrainleave?At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节（共15小题：每小題1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材枓，回答第6、7题。Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.AtaxidriverWhatisthemandoingforthewoman?LookingforsomeShowingheraroundtheSeaside.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第8段材枓，问答第10至12题。Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Aihome.C.Atarestaurant.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.听第9段材料，回答第13至16題。Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It‘sadequatelyequipped.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.WheredoesthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.Howdocsthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.Whatdoesthespeakermaintalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小題：每小题2分，满分36分)阅读下列短文，从所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapita!MonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents.Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothlourroute｛路线｝makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbikelourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getupcloseto(hemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentslopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersunique（actsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttoffersloptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam，14，Finn,13，andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,,，sheexplains.“Ipay£5foraportion（―份），butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyarcflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood;butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries（系列节目）,SaveMoney:GoodFoodsfollowsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMonty:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogelvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMaltspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.HowdocsMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLessCLanguageshavebeencoiningandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit｛联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards，manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish.SpanishandChinesearcincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1.000;Africa2,400:andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数｝ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesarcclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApachein(heUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one.withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavenuichchanceofsurvival.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.Howmanylanguagesarcspokenbylessthan6,000peoplea(present?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.People'slifestylesarcreflectedinlanguages.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew.butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing.CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife一fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）？Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.33.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststeps,tocreatingroomsyou'lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.___37___,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones，andthelargeones.___38___They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwalls：andlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesarcgenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.___39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.___40___.A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou'relookingforC.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithIt'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文•从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I___41__theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall.whodoesn'twantto__42__afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren't__43__enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__44__wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__45__Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's__46__.Icouldhardlywaitto__47__him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__48__wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit__49__thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto__50__theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto__51__whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,__52__,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat__53__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe__54__TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley.I'mstillputtingtousewhathe__55__me:“Theabsolutemostimportant__56__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__57__.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto__58__asituation,processwhatyouropponent（对手）isdoingand__59__thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy__60__asajournalist.41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.tiredoutD.turneddown42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation

55.A.taught56.A.fact57.A.grades55.A.taught56.A.fact57.A.grades58.A.analyze59.A.announce60.A.role第二节B.wroteB.stepB.decisionsB.describeC.questionedC.mannerC.impressionsC.rebuildD.promisedD.skillD.commentsD.controlD.evaluateD.behaviorB.signalC.blockB.desireC.concem共10小题：毎小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears(long)thannon-ninncrs.Youdon'thavetorunfastorfo_r__l_o_n_g_6(s2eet)othebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdise