2013年6月六级真题第2套

2013年6月英语六级考试试卷（第2套）及答PartIWriting(30Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheremark"Earthprovidesenoughtosatisfyeveryman'sneed,butnoteveryman'sgreed."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.1PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.e,Freshmen.HaveanTakingastepthatmanyprofessorsmayviewasabitcounterproductive,somecollegesanduniversitiesaredolingoutApplesandInternet-capableiPodstotheirstudents.Thealways-onInternetdevicesraisesomenovelpossibilities,liketrackingwherestudentsgathertogether.Withfarlesscontroversy,collegescouldsendmessagesaboutcanceledclasses,delayedbuses,campuscrisesorjustthecafeteria.Whileschoolsemphasizeitsusefulness-onlineresearchinclassandinstantpollingofstudents,forexample-abigpartoftheattractionis,undoubtedly,thattheiscoolandahitwithstudents.Beingequippedwithoneofthemostrecentcutting-edgeITproductscouldjusthelpacollegeoruniversityfosteracutting-edgereputation.Applestandstowinaswell,hookingmoreyoungconsumerswithdecadesoftechnologypurchasesaheadofthem.Thelonelosers,somefear,couldbeprofessors.Studentsalreadyhavelaptopsands,ofcourse,butthenewestdevicescantakeclassdistractionstoanewlevel.Theypracticallybegausertoignorethelong-sufferingprofessorstrugglingtopassonaccumulatedwisdomfromthefrontoftheroom-aprospectthatteachersfindmostirritatingandstudentsviewas,well,inevitable."Whenitgetsalittleboring,Imightpullitout,"acknowledgedNaomiPugh,afirst-yearstudentatFreed-HardemanUniversityinHenderson,Tenn.,referringtohernewiPodTouch,whichcanconnecttotheInternetoveracampuswirelessnetwork.Shespeculatedthatprofessorsmighttryevenhardertomakeclassesinterestingiftheyweretocompetewiththedevices.Expertsseeamovementtowardtheuseofmobiletechnologyineducation,thoughtheysayitisinitsinfancyasprofessorstrytocomeupwithusefulapplications.Providingpowerfulhand-helddevicesissuretofueldebatesovertheroleoftechnologyinhighereducation."Wethinkthisisthewaythefutureisgoingtowork,"saidKyleDickson,co-directorofresearchandthemobilelearninginitiativeatAbileneChristianUniversityinTexas,whichhasboughtmorethan600 sand300iPodsforstudenteringthisfall.Althoughplentyofstudentstaketheirlaptopstoclass,theydon'ttakethemeverywhereandwouldprefersomethinglighter.AbileneChristiansettledonthedevicesaftersurveyingstudentsandfindingthattheydidnotlikehaulingaroundtheirlaptops,butthatmostofthemalwayscarrieda,Dr.Dicksonsaid.Itisnotclearhowmanycollegesanduniversitiesplantogiveout sandiPodsthisfall;officialsatApplewereunwillingtotalkaboutthesubjectandsaidthattheywouldnotleakanyinstitution'splans."Wecan'tannounceotherpeople'snews,"saidGregJoswiak,viceofiPodand marketingatApple.Healsosaidthathecouldnotdiscussdiscountstouniversitiesforbulkpurchases.Atleastfourinstitutions-theUniversityofMaryland,OklahomaChristianUniversity,AbileneChristianandFreed-Hardeman-haveannouncedthattheywillgivethedevicestosomeoralloftheirstudentsthisfall.Otheruniversitiesareexploringtheiroptions.StandfordUniversityhashiredastudent-runcompanytodesignapplicationslikeacampusmapanddirectoryforthe.Itisconsideringwhethertoissuesbutnotsureit'snecessary,notingthatmorethan700swereregisteredontheuniversity'snetworklastyear.AttheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,smightalreadyhavebeeneverywhere,ifAT&T.thewirelesscarrierofferingtheintheUnitedStates,hadamorereliablenetwork,saidAndrewYu,mobiledevicesplatformprojectmanageratMIT."Wewouldhaveprobablygoneaheadwiththis,maybejustgettingathousandsandgivingthemout,"Mr.Yusaid.TheUniversityofMarylandatCollegeParkisproceedingcautiously,givingtheoriPodTouchto150students,saidJeffreyHuskamp,viceandchiefinformationofficerattheuniversity."Wedon'tthinkthatwehavealltheanswers,"Mr.Huskampsaid.Byobservinghowstudentsusethegadgets,hesaid."We'retryingtogetanswersfromthestudents."Ateachcollege,thestudentswhochoosetogetan mustpayformobilephoneservice.Thoseservicecontractsincludeunlimiteddatause.BoththesandtheiPodTouchdevicescanconnecttotheInternetthroughcampuswirelessnetworks.Withthe,thosenetworksmayprovidefasterconnectionsandlongerbatterylifethanAT&T'sdatanetwork.ManycellphonesallowuserstosurftheWeb,butonlysomeneweronesarecapableofwirelessconnectiontothelocalareacomputernetwork.Universityofficialssaythattheyhavenoplanstotracktheirstudents(andApplesaiditwouldnotbepossibleunlessstudentsgivetheirpermission).Theysaythattheyaredrawntotheprospectoflearningapplicationsoutsidetheclassroom,thoughsuchlessonplanshaveyetto"MycolleaguesandIarestudyingsomethingcalledaugmentedreality(afieldofcomputerresearchdealingwiththecombinationofreal-worldandvirtualreality),"saidChristopherDede,professorinlearningtechnologiesatHarvardUniversity,"AlienContact,"forexample,isanexercisedevelopedformiddle-schoolstudentswhousehand-helddevicesthatcandeterminetheirlocation.Astheywalkaroundaplaygroundorotherarea,text, oraudiopopsupatvariouspointstohelpthemtrytofigureoutwhyalienswereintheschoolyard."Youcanimaginesimilarkindsofinteractiveactivitiesalonghistoricallines,"likefollowingtheFreedomTrailinBoston,ProfessorDedesaid."It'simportantthatwedoresearchsothatweknowhowwellsomethinglikethisworks."Therushtodistributethedevicesworriessomeprofessors,whosaythatstudentsarelesslikelytoparticipateinclassiftheyaremulti-tasking."I'mnotsomeonewho'santi-technology,butI'malwaysworriedthattechnology esanendinandofitself,anditreplacesteachingorit ysis."saidEllenMillender,associateprofessorofclassicsatReedCollegeinPortland,Ore.(Sheaddedthatshehopedtobuyan forherselfoncepricesfall.)RobertSummers,whohastaughtatCornellLawSchoolforabout40years,announcedthisweekinadetailed,footnotedmemorandum-thathewouldbanlaptopcomputersfromhisclassoncontractlaw."IwouldbanthattooifIknewthestudentswereusingitinclass."ProfessorSummerssaidofthe,afterthedeviceanditscapabilitieswereexplainedtohim."Whatwewanttoencourageinthesestudentsisanactiveinlectualexperience,inwhichtheydevelopthewiderangeofcomplexreasoningabilitiesrequiredofgoodlawyers."TheexperienceatDukeUniversitymayeasesomeconcerns.Afewyearsago,DukebegangivingiPodstostudentswiththeideathattheymightusethemtorecordlectures(theseoldermodelscouldnotaccesstheInternet).“Wehadassumedthatthebiggestfocusofthesedeviceswouldbeconsumingthecontent,”saidTracyFuthey,viceforinformationtechnologyandchiefinformationofficeratDuke.Butthatisnotallthatthestudentsdid.TheybeganusingtheiPodstocreatetheirown“content,”makingaudiorecordingsofthemselvesandpresentingthem.Thestudentsturnedwhatcouldhavebeenapassiveinteractionintoanactiveone,Ms.Futheysaid.1ManyprofessorsthinkthatgivingoutApplesorInternet-capableiPodsto updatesteachingfacilitiesinhasstartedarevolutioninhighercanfacilitateteacher-studentmaynotbenefiteducationasIntheauthor'sview,beingequippedwithITproductsmayhelpcollegesuniversities buildaninnovativeraisetheirteachingtrackstudents'excitestudentinterestinhi-Thedistribution samongstudentshasraisedconcernsthattheywillinducestudentstobuymoresimilarincreasetensionbetweenprofessorsandfurtherdistractstudentsfromclasspreventstudentsfromaccumulatingNaomiPughatFreed-HardemanUniversityspeculatedthatprofessors findnewapplicationsforiPodTouchhavetoworkhardertoenliventheirhavedifficultylearningtohandlethe sandiPodsinclassveryExpertslikeDr.KyleDicksonatAbileneChristianUniversitythinkthat mobiletechnologywillbemorewidelyusedintheroleoftechnologyineducationcannotbemobiletechnologycanupgradeprofessors'teachingtool-sandiPodswillreplacelaptopssoonerorWhatdowelearnabouttheUniversityofMarylandatCollegeParkconcerningtheuseofsandiPods?Ithassoughtprofessors'IthasbenefitedfromtheirItistryingtofollowtheItisproceedingwithUniversityofficialthattheydoleoutsandiPodssoasto encourageprofessorstodesignnewerlessonhelpimproveprofessor-studentfacilitatestudents'learningoutsideofstimulatestudents'interestinupdating EllenMillenderatReedCollegeinPortlandisconcernedthattechnologywill taketheplaceof ProfessorRobertSummersatCornellLawSchoolbanninglaptopcomputersthinksqualifiedlawyersneedtopossessa rrayof TheexperienceatDukeUniversitymayeasesomeconcernsbecausethestudentshaveusediPodsforactive PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections：Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Atofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.2A)Shehas yShewentintoshockafteranSheisstillinacriticalSheisgettingmuchA)OrderingaBookingahoBuyingatrainFixingaA)MostborrowersneverreturnedthebookstoThemanistheonlyonewhobroughtherbookSheneverexpectedanyonetoreturnthebookstoMostofthebooksshelentoutcamebackwithoutA)SheleftherworkearlytogetsomebargainslastSheattendedthesupermarket'sgrandopeningShedroveafullhourbeforefindingaparkingShefailedtogetintothesupermarketlastA)HeisbotheredbythepaininhisHecannotdohisreportwithoutaHecannotaffordtohaveacoffeeHefeelssorrytohavemissedtheA)OnlytopartstudentscanshowtheirworksintheThegalleryspaceisbigenoughfortheman'sThewomanwouldliketohelpwiththeexhibitionThemanisuncertainhowhisartworkswillbeA)ThewomanneedsatemporaryreplacementforherThemanworksinthesamedepartmentasthewomanThewomanwillhavetostayinhospitalforafewThemaniscapableofdealingwithdifficultA)ItwasbetterthanthepreviousItdistortedthemayor'sItexaggeratedthecity'seconomicItreflectedtheopinionsofmostQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)ToinformhimofaproblemtheyTorequesthimtopurchasecontrolTodiscussthecontentofaprojectToaskhimtofixthedictatingA)TheyquotethebestpriceintheTheymanufactureandsellofficeTheycannotdeliverthesteelsheetsonTheycannotproducethesteelsheetsA)BymarkingdowntheunitByacceptingthepenaltyByallowingmoretimeforBypromisingbetterafter-salesA)GivethecustomeratenpercentClaimcompensationfromthesteelAsktheBuyingDepartmenttochangeCancelthecontractwiththeQuestions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)A)ImprovecomputerExplaincertainnaturalPredictglobalpopulationPromotenationalfinancialA)TheirdifferenteducationalChangingattitudestowardChaostheoryanditsThecurrentglobaleconomicSectionDirectionsInthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Atofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestion.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.2PassageQuestions26to28arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)TheylaygreatemphasisonhardTheyname150starengineerseachTheyrequirehighacademicTheyhavepeoplewithaveryhighA)LongyearsofjobHighemotionalinDistinctiveacademicDevotiontotheadvanceofA)Good alRichworkingSophisticatedhighPassageQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)AAfairyAhistoryAA)HewasasportsHelovedHedislikedHelikedhair-raisingA)EncouragepeopletoundertakePublicizehiscolorfulanduniquelifeRaisepeople'senvironmentalAttractpeopletoAmerica'snationalPassageQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)ThefirstinfectedAcoastalvillageinThedoctorwhofirstidentifiedAriverrunningthroughtheA)TheyexhibitsimilarTheycanbetreatedwiththesameTheyhavealmostthesamemortalityTheyhavebothdisappearedforA)ByinhalingairpollutedwiththeBycontactingcontaminatedbodyBydrinkingwaterfromtheCongoByeatingfoodgrowninSudanandA)MorestrainswillevolvefromtheEbolaScientistswilleventuallyfindcuresforAnotherEbolaepidemicmayeruptsoonerorOnceinfected,one eimmunetoSectionDirections：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.2Theidealcompanionmachinewouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinanagreeablemanner.Those(36) thatmakeinteractionwithotherpeopleenjoyablewouldbesimulatedascloselyaspossible,andthemachinewouldappeartobe(37) ,stimulating,andeasygoing.Itsinformalconversationalstylewouldmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightly(38) andthereforeinteresting.Initsfirst(39) itmightbesomewhathesitantandunassuming,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamore(40) andintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassive(41) butwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestakethe(42) indeveloorchangingthetopicandwouldhavea(43) ofitsown.Themachinewouldconveypresence.Wehaveallseenhowacomputer'suseof names(44) .Suchfeaturesarceasilywrittenintothesoftware. Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasa(46) .Atanappropriatetimeitmightalso thatattaentandPartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25SectionDirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsor statements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorstatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheetQuestions47to51arebasedonthefollowingOilisthesubstancethatlubricatestheworld'seconomy.Becausesomanyofourmoderntechnologiesandservicesdependonoil,nations,corporations,andinstitutionsthatcontrolthetradeinoilexerciseextraordinarypower.The"energycrisis"of1973-1974intheUnitedStatesdemonstratedhowthepriceofoilcanaffectUSernmentpoliciesandtheenergy-using.By1973,domesticUSsourcesofoilwerepeaking,andthenationwasimportingmoreofitsoil,dependingonaconstantflowfromabroadtokeepcarsontheroadandmachinesrunning.Inaddition,atthattimeagreaterpercentageofhomesandelectricalplantswererunonpetroleumthantoday.Then,in1973,thepredominantlyArabnationsoftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)resolvedtostopsellingoiltotheUnitedStates.ThemovewaspromptedbyOPEC'sdesiretoraisepricesbyrestrictingsupplyandbyitsoppositiontoUSsupportofIsraelintheArab-IsraeliYomKippurWar.Theembargo(禁运)createdpanicintheWestandcauselpricestoshootup.Short-termoilshortagedroveAmericanconsumerstowaitinlonglinesatgaspumps.Inresponsetotheembargo,theUSernmentenforcedaseriesofpoliciesdesignedtoreducerelianceonforeignoil.Theseincludeddeveloadditionaldomesticsources(suchasthoseonAlaska'sNorthSlope),resumingextractionatsitesthathadbeenshutdownbecauseofcostinefficiency,capthepricethatdomesticproducerscouldchargeforoil,andbeginningtoimportoilfromagreaterdiversityofnations.Theernmentalsoestablishedastockpile()ofoilasashort-termbuffer缓冲againstfutureshortagesStoredundergroundinlargesaltcavesinLouisiana,thisstockpileiscalledtheStrategicPetroleumReserve,andcurrentlycontainsover600millionbarrelsofoil,roughlyequivalenttoonemonth'ssupply.2Welearnfromthepassagethatintoday'sworld,whoevermonopolizestheoilmarketwillbeableto OilpricesmayexertinfluencenotonlyonAmericanernmentpoliciesbutonhow Besidesthesharpincreaseinoilprices,OPEC's1973oilembargo OvertheyearsbeforetheOPEC'sembargoAmericahaddependedheavily Asameasuretocounterfutureshortages,theAmericanernmentdecidedto cavesunderground.SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowing"Depression"ismorethanaseriouseconomicdownturn.Whatdistinguishesadepressionfromaharshrecessionisparalyzingfear-fearoftheunknownsogreatthatitcausesconsumers,businesses,andinvestorstoretreatandpanic.Theysaveupcashanddesperaycutspending.Theysellstocksandotherassets.Ashatteringlossofconfidenceinspiresbehaviorthatoverwhethenormalself-correctingmechanismsthatusuallypreventarecessionfromingdeepandprolonged:aComparing1929with2007-09,ChristinaRomer,theheadof Obama'sCouncilofEconomicAdvisers,findstheinitialblowtoconfidencefargreaternowthanthen.True,stockpricesfellathirdfromSeptembertoDecember1929,butfewerAmericansthenownedstocks.Moreover,homepricesbarelydropped.FromDecember1928toDecember1929,totalhouseholdwealthdeclinedonly3%.Bycontrast,thelossinhouseholdwealthbetweenDecember2007andDecember2008was17%.Bothstocksandhomes,morewidelyheld,droppedmore.Thustraumatized(受到)theeconomymighthavegoneintoafreefallendingindepression.Indeed,itdidgointofreefall.Shoppersrefrainedfrombuyingcars,appliances,andotherbig-ticketitemsSpendingonsuch"durablesdroppedata12%annualratein2008'sthirdquarter,a20%rateinthefourth.Andbusinessesshelvedinvestmentprojects.Thatthesehugedeclinesdidn'tleadtodepressionmainlyreflects,asRomerargues,countermeasurestakenbytheernment.Privatemarketsforgoods,services,labor,andsecuritiesdomostlyself-correctbutpanicfeedsonitselfanddisarmsthesestabilizingtendencies.Inthissituation,onlyernmentcanprotecttheeconomyasawhole,becausemostindividualsandcompaniesareinvolvedintheself-defeatingbehaviorofself-protection.ernment'sfailuretoperformthisroleintheearly1930stransformedrecessionintodepression.Scholarswilldebatewhichinterventionsthistime-theFederalReserve'ssupportofafailingcreditsystem,guaranteesofbankdebt,Obama's''stimulus"planandbank"stresstest"-countedmostinpreventingarecurrence.Regardless,allthesecomplexmeasureshadthesamepsychologicalpurpose:toreassurepeoplethatthefreefallwouldstopand,thereby,curbthefearthatwouldperpetuate(使持久)afreefall.Allthisimprovedconfidence.Buttheconsumersentimentindexremainsweak,andallthereboundhasoccurredinAmericans'evaluationoffutureeconomicconditions,notthepresent.Unemployment9.8isabysmal糟透的therecovery'sstrengthunclearHere,too,thereisanechofromthe1930s.Despitebottomingoutin1933,theDepressiondidn'tenduntilWorldWarII.Someernmentpoliciesaidedrecovery;somehinderedit.Thegoodnewstodayisthatthebadnewsisnotworse.2Whydoconsumers,businessesandinvestorsretreatandpanicintimesofTheysuffergreatlossesinstocks,propertyandotherTheyfindtheself-correctingmechanismsTheyareafraidthenormalsocialorderwillbeTheydon'tknowwhatisgoingtohappenintheWhatdoesChristinaRomersayaboutthecurrenteconomicItsseverityisnomatchfortheGreatDepressionofItsinitialblowtoconfidencefarexceededthatofIthasaffectedhouseownersmorethanstockIthasresultedinafreefallofthepricesofWhydidn'tthecurrentrecessionturnintoadepressionaccordingtoChristinaTheernmentintervenedPrivatemarketscorrectedPeoplerefrainedfrombuyingdurablesandbig-ticketIndividualsandcompaniesadoptedself-protectionWhatisthechiefpurposeofallthecountermeasuresTocreatejobTocurbthefearofalastingfreeTostimulatedomesticTorebuildthecreditWhatdoestheauthorthinkoftoday'seconomicItmayworsenwithoutfurtherItwillseeareboundsoonerorIthasnotgonefrombadtoItdoesnotgivepeoplereasonforPassageQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowing"Usuallywhenwewalkthroughtherainforestwehearasoftsoundfromallthemoistleavesandorganicdebrisontheforestfloor,"saysecologistDanielNepstad."Nowweincreasinglygetrustleandcrunch.That'sthesoundofadyingforest."Predictionsofthecollapseofthetropicalrainforestshavebeenaroundforyears.Yetuntilrecentlytheworstforecastswerealmostexclusivelylinkedtodirecthumanactivity,suchasclear-cuttingandburningforpasturesorfarms.Leftalone,itwasassumed,theworld'srainforestswouldnotonlyflourishbutmightevenrescueusfromdisasterbyabsorbingtheexcesscarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggreenhousegases.Nowitturnsoutthatmaybewishfulthinking.SomescientistsbelievethattheriseincarbonlevelsmeansthattheAmazonandotherrainforestsinAsiaandAfricamaygofrombeingassetsinthebattleagainstrisingtemperaturestoliabilities.Amazonplants,forinstance,holdmorethan100billionmetrictonsofcarbon,equalto15yearsoftailpipeandchimneyemissions.Ifthecollapseoftherainforestsspeedsupdramatically,itcouldeventuallyrelease3.5-5billionmetrictonsofcarbonintotheatmosphereeachyear-makingforeststheleadingsourceofgreenhousegases.monlyseveredroughtsbroughtonbyglobalclimatechangeshaveledtoforest-eatingwildfiresfromAustraliatoIndonesia,butnowheremoreacuythanintheAmazon.Someexpertssaythattherainforestisalreadyatrisk..Extremeweatherandrecklessdevelopmentarcplottingagainsttherainforestinwaysthatscientistshaveneverseen.Treesneedmorewaterastemperaturesrisebuttheprolongeddroughtshaverobbedthemofmoisture,makingwholeforestseasilyclearedoftreesandturnedintofarmland.ThepictureworsenswitheachroundofElNino,theunusuallywarmcurrentsinthePacificOceanthatdriveuptemperaturesandinvariablypresage(预示)droughtsandfiresintherainforest.Runawayfirespourevenmorecarbonintotheair,whichincreasestemperatures,startingthewholeviciouscyclealloveragain.Morethanparadiselost,aperishingrainforestcouldtriggeradominoeffect-sendingwindsandrainskilometersoffcourseandloadingtheskieswithevengreaterlevelsofgreenhousegases-thatwillbefeltfartheAmazonbasin.Inasense,wearealreadygettingaglimpseofwhat'stocome.EachburningseasonintheAmazon,firesdeliberaysetbyfrontiersettlersanddevelopershurlupalmosthalfabillionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,placingBrazilamongthetopfivecontributorstogreenhousegasesintheworld.2Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat deadleavesandtreedebrismakethesametreesthataredyingusuallygiveoutasoftorganicdebrisechoesthesoundsinarainthesoundofaforestsignifiesitshealthInthesecondparagraph,theauthorchallengestheviewthat thecollapseofrainforestsiscausedbydirecthumancarbonemissionsaretheleadingcauseofcurrentglobaltheconditionofrainforestshasbeenrapidlyrainforestsshouldnotbeconvertedintopasturesorTheauthorarguesthattherisingcarbonlevelsinrainforestsmay turnthemintoamajorsourceofgreenhousechangetheweatherpatternsthroughouttheposeathreattoacceleratetheirWhathasmadeiteasiertoturnsomerainforestsintoRapidriseincarbonRecklesslandLackofrainfallresultingfromglobalTheunusualwarmcurrentsinthePacificWhatmakesBraziloneoftheworld'stopfivecontributorstogreenhouseThedominoeffecttriggeredbytheperishingrainItspracticeofburningforestsforsettlementandThechangedpatternsofwindsandrainsintheAmazonItsinabilitytocurbthecarbonemissionsfromPartVCloze(15Directions：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.2Thecontinuouspresentationofscarystoriesaboutglobalwarminginthepopularmediamakesusunnecessarilyfrightened.Evenworse,it62ourkids.AIGorefamously＿63howasea-levelriseof20feetwouldalmostcompleyfloodFlorida,NewYork.Holland,andShanghai,64theUnitedNationssaysthatsuchathingwillnotevenhappen,65thatsealevelswillrise20timeslessthanthat.When66 withtheseexaggerations,someofussaythattheyareforagoodcause,andsurely isnoharmdoneiftheresultisthatwefocusevenmoreontacklingclimateThis isastonishinglywrong.Suchexaggerationsdoplentyofharm.Worrying69aboutglobalwarmingmeansthatweworrylessaboutotherthings,wherewecoulddosomuoregood.Wefocus,70,onglobalwarming'simpactonmalaria(疟疾)-whichwillputslightlymorepeopleat71in100years-insteadoftacklingthehalfabillionpeople72frommalariatodaywithpreventionandtreatmentpoliciesthatarcmuchcheaperanddramaticallymoreeffectivethancarbonreductionwouldbe.73alsowearsoutthepublic'swillingnesstotackleglobalwarming.Iftheplanet74peoplewonder,whydoanything?Arecord54%ofAmericanvotersnowbelievethenewsmediamakeglobalwarmingappearworsethanitreallyis.A75ofpeoplenowbelieve-incorrectly-thatglobalwarmingisevenworsening.Butthe76costofexaggeration,Ibelieve,istheunnecessaryalarmthatitcauses-particularly77children.AnarticleinTheWashingtonPostcitednine-year-oldAlyssa,whocriesaboutthepossibilityofmassanimal78fromglobalwarming.Thenewspaperalsoreportedthatparentsare "productive"outletsfortheireight-year-olds'obsessions忧心忡忡withdyingpolarbears.Theymightbebetteroffthemandlettingthemknowthat,contrary commonbelief