宾语从句讲解,练习及答案

宾语从句讲解,练习及答案宾语从句讲解,练习及答案宾语从句讲解,练习及答案宾语从句讲解,练习及答案编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:宾语从句一、基本讲解1.概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg.Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)2.连接词(1)陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。eg.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg.Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether不用ifeg.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.eg.Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhethertogoornotc.if当”如果”讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou特殊情况：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Doyouknow（if/whetherhehasseenthefilm）b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：Ididn'tknow（if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun.）Theteachertoldus（thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）4.人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：(一主二宾三不变)①“MayIuseyourknife”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.②“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：WhowillgiveusatalkIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive→Doyouknowwherehelives二、宾语从句的转化1.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark4.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。初中宾语从句专项习题巩固练习()1.Haveyoudecided________forAustraliaA.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave()2.Canyoutellme_________A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives()3.Theoldmanaskedme________.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema()think_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how()5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how()6.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost()7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis()8.Askhim___.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup()9.Idon’tknow_________.A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts()10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill()11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow()12.Doyouknow_________A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto()13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape()14.Theywanttoknow_________A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying()15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking()16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if()17.Julydidn’tknow_________.A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch()18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo()19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo()20.Heaskedme_________.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney()21.Didyouhear______A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay()22.Canyoutellme________A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass()23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______---Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation()24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterdayA.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent()25.Tomaskedme________.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas()26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstationC.what’sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis()27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive()28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_______.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereishelivingD.helivesthere()29.---Canyoutellme______---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid()30.Haveyoudecided______forLondonA.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing()31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourticketsA.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow()32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood---Weareallinterestedin______.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry()33.Doyouknow_______A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit()34.Doyouknow_______A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis()35.Idon’tknow______now.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat()36.Doesheknow______A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis()37.Doyouknow______A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson()38.Tellmewhere____A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis()39.Hehasn’tdecided_______.A.ifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi()40.Canyousee________A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1.参考答案D你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗宾语从句用陈述语序。2.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4.参考答案Aif表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5.参考答案B有ornot，所以用whether.6.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序.7.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序,who作从句的宾语。8.参考答案Awhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。9.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序。10.参考答案D主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。11.参考答案Cif连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12.参考答案Bwhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序。14.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15.参考答案C主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞老人是之前就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态。16.参考答案B有ornot就用whether.17.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。18.参考答案B没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而us是宾格不能作从句的主