2020-2021年中考考点-完形填空和阅读理解知识点汇总(全)

2020-2021年中考考点_完形填空和阅读理解知识点汇总（全）一、完形填空1.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。JedandMattwerewalkinghomefromschool.Itwasthefirstreallycolddayofwinter."The1ontheriverishard!"Mattshouted."Let'stakeashortcut（捷径）across."Jedmadeaface."Itstartedtofreeze,"saidJed."Idon'tthinkit's2.""You'reafraidofeverything,"saidMattwithalaugh."3youwanttowalkallthewaytothebridge,goahead.「mgoingto4here."Thenherantowardtheriver.NowMattwasnearthemiddleoftheriver."Areyoustill5,Jed?"helaughed."Lookhow6theiceis."Mattjumpedupanddownafewtimesto7hispoint.Crack!Loudsoundfilledtheair.Mattlookeddown.Inalldirections,thethinicewas8awayfromhisfeet.Anothercrack,andMattwasintheriver!"Help!"Mattscreamed.Hiswetclothespulledhimdown.Jedfelttheice,9testingtheareaaroundhim.Usingthefeet,hepushed10slowlytowardtheholeintheice.Gripping（抓牢）theicewithhisfeet,JedtookholdofMatt's11.Littlebylittle,hedragged（拖）Mattoutofthewaterandthenacrosstheice.Afterwhatseemedlikehours,theyreachedthe12.Apolicecarcameuptothem.OfficerCranehelpedMattintothecar.Afterhearingthestory,Cranesaid,"Well,Jed,itsoundslikeyouarea13.MaybeIshouldcallthenewspaper.Someonefromthepapercancomeandtakeyourpictureandwriteanarticle.""Goodidea,"saidMatt.Hewasfeelingalot14."Ihaveneverhadmypictureinthepaper.""Iwastalkingabout15picture,"saidCrane."Heisahero."1.A.bridgeB.snowC.boatD.ice2.A.excitingB.dangerousC.safeD.boring3.A.WhenB.IfC.BecauseD.Before4.A.crossB.jumpC.swimD.enter5.A.tiredB.afraidC.amazedD.shocked6.A.bigB.thinC.softD.thick7.A.describeB.explainC.proveD.introduce8.A.breakingB.disappearingC.takingD.bringing9.A.happilyB.directlyC.regularlyD.carefully10.A.himB.themselvesC.himselfD.them11.A.legB.handC.headD.foot12.A.landB.riverC.boatD.home13.A.foolB.swimmerC.studentD.hero14.A.weakerB.worseC.betterD.angrier15.A.Matt'sB.Jed'sC.Crane'sD.others'【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）B；（6）D；（7）C；（8）A；（9）D；（10）C；（11）B；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；【解析】【分析】记叙两为同学步行回家，其中一名同学想走捷径而落入河中的故事。⑴语境理解与逻辑推理。由上文这是第一个确实很冷的冬天，所以推知是河里的冰，所以选择答案D。⑵逻辑推理。根据上文，刚刚开始结冰，所以是危险的，选择答案Co⑶语境理解与逻辑推理。这里的句意是“你想要一路走到桥上，就走吧"，根据语气，应该选择答案B。⑷考查四个词义辨析。句义“我在这儿......"，可知选择答案Ao⑸语境理解。Matt下到河中央，所以问Jed是否害怕，选Bo⑹语境理解。由下句“Matt上下跳了几次•"可知是说明冰是“厚的"选择答案Do⑺语境理解。Matt上下跳了几次是来证明自己的说法，所以选择答案Co⑻语境理解。由crack可知是冰破裂了，所以选择答案Ao⑼细节理解题。由于Matt落水，所以Jed应该是“小心地”，所以选择答案Do（⑽考查四个词义辨析。根据上文Jed小心地试探周围的区域，所以是自己慢慢向前推进，选反身代词Co（11）语境理解逻辑推理，由于Matt落水，所以推知是抓住他的手，所以选择答案Bo（12）逻辑推理。根据下文，Matt得救所以是“他们到达了岸上"选择答案Ao（13）逻辑推理。根据Jed的行为，所以警察叔叔表扬他的行为像英雄，可知选择答案Do（14）逻辑推理。Matt被警察救入汽车，所以感觉好多了，选Co（15）语境理解，通过后句Heisthehero就可以看出是Jed。故选B。【点评】完型填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。2．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。DearJenny,How'sitgoing?Areyoubusywithyourstudythesedays？rvebeenbacktoschool1nearlyfourweeks.I'mverygladtotellyouthatgreat2havetakenplaceinourschoolthisterm.Firstofall,we'reaskedto"clearourplates"whenhavingourmealsandsay3towasting.Someofususedtoordermorethanwhatwecouldeat.Thatwasabigwasteoffood.Nowweneedto4thefoodweorder.Weshouldalsostopwastinginsomeotherways.Forexample,weshouldturnoffthelightswhenwe5theclassroom.Andourschoolhasopenedupsomefieldsforustolearnhowtogrowvegetables.Eachclassisgivenasmallgardenandourclasshasdecidedtogrowsometomatoesandbeans（豆类）inour6time.Ithinkitisveryinteresting.Mayberllbeableto7yousomebeanswe'vegrownbyourselvesnexttime!What'smore,wehaveonlytwoclassesintheafternoon8wehavemoretimeforafter-schoolactivities.I'moneofthetrafficsafetyvolunteersinourschool.Afterschool,wetaketurnstogotothestreetsnearourschoolandaskpeopleto9thetrafficrules.Ithinkwearehavingadifferentschoollifenow!Pleasewritebacksoonandtell10moreaboutyourschool.Yours,WangWei1.A.inB.forC.on2.A.changesB.thingsC.interests3.A.yesB.helloC.no4.A.cleanB.payC.finish5.A.leaveB.reachC.open6.A.busyB.freeC.Happy7.A.plantB.buyC.post8.A.becauseB.whenC.so9.A.followB.makeC.break10.A.himB.herC.me【答案】(1)B；(2)A；(3)C；(4)C；(5)A；(6)B；(7)C；(8)C；(9)A；(10)C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是王伟写给詹妮的一封信，介绍了这学期他们学校的一些变化，比如实行“光盘行动”、不浪费食物、随时关灯、学习种植蔬菜、做志愿者服务社会等等。(1)句意：我回到学校已经接近四周的时间了。根据空格后面的nearlyfourweeks可知，要用介词for,表示快到4个星期了。故选B。(2)句意：我很高兴告诉你这个学期我们学校发生了很大的变化。A.changes变化，B.things事情，C.interests兴趣，根据下文举出的例子可知，学校发生了很大的变化，故选A。句意：首先我们被要求吃饭时要“光盘行动”，并且对浪费说“不”。A.yes是的，B.hello你好，C.no不，根据句意，其他几项都不合适，故选C。句意：现在我们需要吃完我们点的食物。A.clean打扫，B.pay付款，C.finish结束，引申为吃光，吃完，根据文中要实行光盘行动，所以要吃完自己点的食物，故选Co(5)句意：例如，当我们离开教室时应该关上灯。A.leave离开，B.reach到达，C.open打开，结合句意及选项的词义，故选Ao句意：每个班给一个小花园，我们班决定在空闲时间种一些西红柿和豆类。A.busy忙的，B.free空闲的，C.happy愉快的，只有在空闲时间才能去种一些东西，故选B。句意：或许下次我可以寄给你一些我们自己种的豆类。A.plant种植，B.buy买，C.post邮寄，因为作者是在写信，所以下次应该是寄给朋友东西。故选Co句意：还有，我们下午只有两节课，所以我们有更多的时间进行课外活动。A.because因为，B.when当......时，C.so所以，这两句之间是因果关系，故选C。句意：放学后我们轮流到我们去学校附近的街上让人们遵守交通规则。A.follow遵守，B.make做，C.break打破，当然是要求人们遵守交通规则，其他选项情理不通，故选A。句意：请尽快回信告诉我更多你们学校的事情。A.him他，B.her她，C.me我，根据上下文及逻辑关系，应该是给我回信，故选Co【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。3．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。Whenamanwaswalkingbysomeelephants,hesuddenlystopped.Hewas1thatthesehugeanimalswerebeingheldonlybyasmallropetiedtotheirfrontlegs.No2,nocages.Itwasobviousthattheelephantscouldbreakthe3atanytime,butforsomereason,theydidnot.Hesawa4nearbyandaskedwhytheanimalsjuststoodthereanddidn'ttryto5.""Well,"thetrainersaid,""whentheywerevery6andmuchsmaller,weusedthesameropetokeepthemfromrunningaway.Atthatage,it'senoughtoholdthem.Asthey7,theyareconditioned（受…的影响）tobelievetheycannotbreaktherope.Theybelieveitcanstillholdthem,sotheynevertrytobreakfree."Themanwas8.Theseanimalscouldbreakfreewhenevertheywanted,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn't,theywerestuckrightwheretheywere.Howmanyofusgothroughlifeliketheelephants—holdingontothebeliefthatwe9dosomethingsimplybecausewefailedinitoncebefore?10isapartoflearning.Ifwefailedonce,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.Weshouldnevergiveuptryingwhenweencounter（遭遇）failuresinlife.1.A.worriedB.certainC.surprisedA.signsA.ropeA.geniusA.runoverB.chainsC.metalB.fenceC.ruleB.managerC.trainerB.getawayC.havearest6.A.youngB.strongC.old7.A.comealongB.lookforC.growup8.A.excitedB.happyC.ashamed9.A.canB.cannotC.will10.A.TrustB.SuccessC.Failure【答案】(1)C；(2)B；(3)A；(4)C；(5)B；(6)A；(7)C；(8)C；(9)B；(10)C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通过大象不想弄断细小的绳子逃走的故事给我们讲述了一个道理，失败而是学习，失败了一次并不意味着我们不能成功，当我们在生活中遇到了挫折，我们不能放弃。句意：他很吃惊，这么庞大的动物只用细小的绳子捆着前腿。A.担心；B.—定的；C.吃惊的，根据后面的叙述可知，大象很容易挣断绳子逃走，所以他感到吃惊，故答案是C。句意：没有铁链，也没有笼子。A.牌子；B.链子；C.金属。对应后面的nocages，可知是没有链子，故答案是B。句意：很明显，大象在任何时候都可以弄断绳子。A.绳子；B.篱笆；C.纪律，对应前面的细小的绳子可知是挣断绳子，故答案是A。句意：他看见一个驯兽员站，问为什么动物只是在那里而不逃走，A.天才；B.经理；C.驯兽员，结合情景可知，这里指的是训练大象的人，所以是驯兽员，故答案是Co句意：他看见一个驯兽员站，问为什么动物只是在那里而不逃走。A.跑走；B.逃走；C.休息，根据前面的叙述可知，他认为捆绑大象的绳子细小，所以他认为的大象会逃走，所以他在大象为什么不逃走，故答案是Bo句意：当他们很年轻个子很小的时候，我们用同样的绳子捆着它，以防他逃走。A.年轻的；B.强壮的；C.年老的，根据muchsmaller可知说的是大象小时候，故答案是A。句意：当他们长大的时候，他们的受到他们相信不能挣断绳子的影响。A.过来；B.寻找；C.长大，结合文章内容可知，大象从小时候就用细小的绳子捆着，那时候他们弄不断，一直这样，当他们长大了，他们还是认为弄不断，故答案是Co句意：这个人很羞愧。A.激动地；B.高兴的；C.羞愧的，根据后文的叙述可知，一些过来人因为坚持一种信念而不去做改变而感到羞快，故答案是Co句意：好多像大象那样的过来人坚持一种信念，我们不能做某事就是因为我们以前失败过。A.能；B.不能;C.将要，根据becausewefailedinitoncebefore?可知是不能做，故答案是Bo句意：失败是学习的一部分，A.信任；B.成功；C.失败，根据Ifwefailedonee,itdoesn'tmeanwecanneversucceed.可知，失败是学习的一部分，故答案是C。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。4．完形填空ThebestexperienceofmylifewaswhenwewenttoStonehenge.Wewentthereonagrouptour.WhenIsawStonehenge,myfirst1wasthatitwashuge.Youknow,Stonehengeisabout5,000yearsold.I2howtheancientpeoplemovedthesehugepiecesofstone.AfterweparkedattheStonehengeparkinglot,ourguideNicktookustoa3shop.TheremymumgotanicepaintingofStonehenge.Afterweleftthegiftshop,wewenttoStonehenge4thetunnel.Thatwasaprivilege(优惠待遇)atStonehenge5wewereabletogorightuptothestonesandtouchthem.Usuallyvisitors6getreallycloseandtouchthestones.AtStonehengewewalkedaroundthecircleandthen7theceremonial(仪式的)centre.Thereweweregivenhalfa(n)8tolookaroundandexplore.930minuteswegotreadytoleave.Itwas10thatwehadtoleaveStonehenge.HopefullyonedayI'llgoback.1.A.impressionB.experienceC.interestD.instruction2.A.knewB.wonderedC.askedD.replied3.A.giftB.flowerC.shoeD.card4.A.aboveB.acrossC.overD.through5.A.althoughB.soC.becauseD.if6.A.canB.mustn'tC.mustD.needn't7.A.leftB.boughtC.builtD.entered8.A.hourB.dayC.weekD.month9.A.SinceB.UntilC.AfterD.Before10.A.surprisingB.niceC.excitingD.sad【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）B；（7）D；（8）A；（9）C；（10）D；【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲的是作者去参观巨石阵的经过和感受。（1）名词辨析。句意：当我看到巨石阵时，我的第一印象是它很巨大。根据itwashuge可知我看到巨石阵时给我的第一印象是它是巨大的。impression印象；experience经历；interest兴趣；instruction说明，故选A。（2）动词辨析。句意：我想知道这些古代人是如何移动这些巨大的石头的。石头非常巨大，可知作者想知道这些石头是怎么移动的，knew知道；wondered想知道；asked问；replied回答；答复，故选B。（3）名词辨析。句意：我们的导游尼克带我们去了礼物商店。根据Afterweleftthegiftshop,可知此处是我们去了礼物商店。gift礼物；flower花；shoe鞋；card卡片，故选A。（4）介词辨析。句意：离开礼物商店后我们通过隧道去了巨石阵。我们知道隧道是一个很长的管道，可知穿过隧道用through，above在……上；across跨越；over在……上；through穿过，故选D。（5）连词辨析。句意：在巨石阵是有优惠待遇的如果我们能直接走到石头跟前触摸它们。although虽然；so因此；because因为；if如果，根据Usuallyvisitorsmustn'tgetreallycloseandtouchthestones.两句之间的关系，可知这是if引导的条件状语从句，故选D。（6）情态动词辨析。句意：通常游客禁止真的接近触摸石头。根据Thatwasaprivilege（优惠待遇）atStonehengeifwewereabletogorightuptothestonesandtouchthem.can能，能够；mustn't一定不要；must必须；kneedn't不必，可知通常情况下巨石阵是不让接近触摸的。故选B。（7）动词辨析。句意：在巨石阵我们转着圈周然后进入仪式中心。根据Thereweweregivenhalfa（n）hourtolookaroundandexplore.可知我们进入仪式中心。left离开；bought买；built建造；entered进入，故选D。（8）名词辨析。句意：在那里他们给了我们半个小时来四处看看和探索。我们去游览，可知此处指半个小时游览这个地方，hour小时；day白天；week周；month月，故选A。（9）连词辨析。句意：半个小时后我们准备离开。根据Thereweweregivenhalfa（n）hourtolookaroundandexplore.可知半个小时后我们离开的。since自从；until直到；after在......之后；before在......之前，故选C。（10）形容词辨析。句意：我们必须离开巨石阵是很难过的。根据HopefullyonedayI'llgoback.希望有一天我们会回来。可知此处表示我们还想呆在这里。可知此处是我很伤心。surprising令人吃惊的；nice好的；exciting令人激动的；sad伤心的，故选D。【点评】此题考查完形填空。我们先快速浏览短文，了解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据句意和上下文的联系确定句子中所缺的成分，根据语境和语法知识及固定句式或短语选处合适的选项，然后再仔细阅读短文，进行核查，确定正确答案。5．先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳选项。WhenIwas15,IsaidtomyclassthatIwasgoingtowritemyownbooks.Allthestudentsnearlyfelloutoftheirchairs,1me.""Don'tbesilly.Onlygeniuses（天才）canbecomewriters.AndyouaregettingaDthisterm."Iwasdeeply2andIcouldn'thelpcrying.ThatnightIwroteashort,sadpoemaboutmy3dreamsandmailedittotheWeeklyNewspaper.Tomysurprise,theypublished（发表）it,andsentmetwodollars.Iwasapaidwriter!I4ittomyclassmates.Theylaughedagain."Justluck."theysaid.However,Ihadtastedsuccess.Becausemyfirstpoem5published.BythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool,Ihadcollectedallmypublishedworkstogether.ButI6talkedaboutmywritingtomyclassmatesagain.Theywere7killers.Andpeoplemustalwayskeepontheirowndreamsby8.Later,Iwroteabookabout9Iunderstoodandfeltaboutmylife.It10meninemonthstofinishit.Ichoseapublisher（出版商）andmailedmybook.Iwroteanote11it,""Iwrotethisbookmyself.Ihopeyouwilllikeit.Thankyou."Amonthlater,12Ireceivedaletter,withaninvitationforpublishingthebook.Itbecameabestseller（畅销书），and13into15languages.PeopleaskwhatcollegeIattendedandwhatdegrees（学位）Ihavegot.Theanswerisnone.Ijustwrite.I'mnotagenius,andrmnottalented.Ijustwrite.Toallthosewhodreamof14,Ishouldsaytoyou,"Yes,you15bewriters!Alwayskeepwriting!"1.A.laughingatB.listeningtoC.talkingaboutD.lookingat2.A.remindedB.changedC.hurtD.hit3.A.strangeB.unusualC.beautifulD.broken4.A.showedB.advisedC.encouragedD.taught5.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.were6.A.alwaysB.neverC.sometimesD.usually7.A.timeB.dreamC.thoughtD.money8.A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves9.A.whatB.whyC.whereD.which10.A.causedB.madeC.tookD.won11.A.offB.downC.withoutD.with12.A.exactlyB.finallyC.easilyD.wisely13.A.wastranslatedB.translatedC.translatingD.translate14.A.beingsuccessfulB.beingfamousC.beingrichD.beingwriters15.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.have【答案】(1)A；(2)C；(3)D；(4)A；(5)C；(6)B；(7)B；(8)D；(9)A；(10)C；(11)D；(12)B；(13)A；(14)D；(15)C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者讲述了自己成为作家的经历，并激励梦想成为作家的人坚持写，就能成为作家。(1)考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的学生几乎从他们的椅子上摔下来，嘲笑我。A.嘲笑，B.听，C.讨论，D.看着。根据后文"Don'tbesilly.Onlygeniuses(天才)canbecomewriters.AndyouaregettingaDthisterm."“不要傻了。只有天才能成为作家。你这学期得了一个D。””可知当我说出我的梦想时，所有的学生都在嘲笑我。故选A。(2)考查动词。句意：我被深深地伤害了，我禁不住大哭起来。A.提醒，B.改变，C.伤害，D.击中，根据上文可知因为同学们的嘲笑我感情上受到了伤害，故选Co考查形容词。句意：那天夜晚我写了一首关于我的破碎的梦想的简短，悲伤的诗并把它邮寄给了TheWeeklyNewspaper。A.奇怪的，B.不同寻常的，C.美丽的，D.破碎的，根据上文同学们的嘲笑可知我的当作家的梦想是破碎的，故选Do考查动词。句意：我把它出示给我的同学们看。A.出示，B.建议，C.鼓励，D.教给，showsth.tosb.把某物出示给某人看，故选Ao考查系动词。句意：因为我的第一首诗出版了。poet和publish是被动关系，要用被动语态be+过去分词，发生在过去要用一般过去时，主语是单数，故选Co考查副词。句意：但是我从来不再向我的同学们谈论我的写作了。根据语境可知每次给同学们讲，他们都会嘲笑我，因此后来我不再告诉他们此事了‘never:从不，故选B。考查名称。句意：他们是梦想杀害者。根据上文同学们对我的嘲笑和伤害可知他们是梦想杀害者，dream:梦想，故选B。考查代词。句意：并且人们必须总是靠自己坚持他们自己的梦想。by+反身代词：靠自己，句子的主语是people，故选Do考查连接词。句意：后来，我写了一本关于我对人们的理解和感受的书。about后缺宾语，understood和felt后缺宾语，因此要用what(什么)来引导宾语从句，故选A。考查动词。句意：它花了我九个月的时间来完成。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花费某人某些时间做某事，是固定句式，叙述过去的事情句子要用一般过去时，故选Co考查介词辨析。句意：我写了一张纸条附在书里。附在，带有：with，故选Do考查副词辨析。句意：一个月后，终于我收到一封信，邀请我出版这本书。A.确切地，B.最后，终于，C.容易地，D.英明地，根据语境可知我终于得到了回信，故选Bo考查动词的被动语态。句意：它成为了一本畅销书，并被翻译成15种语言。书和翻译是被动关系，因此要用被动语态，be+过去分词，故选Ao（14）考查非谓语动词。句意：对于所有梦想成为作家的那些人，我应该对你们说，“是的，你们能成为作家！”文章讲了自己成为作家的经历，所以这句忠告是写给梦想成为作家的人，故选D。（15）考查情态动词。句意：对于所有梦想成为作家的那些人，我应该对你们说，“是的，你们能成为作家！”A.—定，必须，B.应该，C.能够，D.有，表示有能力做某事要用can,能够，故选C。【点评】考查综合运用知识的能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据上下文，语法知识，固定搭配等斟酌字句，选出正确选项，确保文章通顺、完整。二、阅读理解6．阅读理解Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave？Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems：ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findtimetorelaxaspossibleasyoucan.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.Dohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.FightsDon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Shareyourproblemswiththem.FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputergames.Playthemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.GettingfatHavealotofpocketmoneytobuysnacks.Dislikedoingexercise.Useyourpocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseeveryday.（1）Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?Feelingstressedandfights.Feelingtiredofstudyandgettingfat.Feelingstressedandgettingshort-sighted.Gettingshort-sightedandfeelingtiredofstudy.（2）IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould.domuchmorehomeworkmakeaplantospendtimeonstudyandhobbiesdonatehispocketmoneytoProjectHopebuysomesnacks（3）Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe.hasnoclosefriendsB.hasnopocketmoneyC.playstoomanycomputergamesD.getsfatterandfatterisagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.DoinglesshomeworkB.PlayingcomputergamesC.LearninghowtomakefriendsD.Payingnoattentiontoeachother【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)C(4)C【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。细节题。根据FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选Co细节题。根据第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选Bo细节题。根据FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选C。细节题。根据FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。7．阅读理解VanuatuisanislandnationintheSouthWestPacific.Itisoneofthesmallestcountriesintheworld.Butforthosewhoareinterestedinadventureandsports,thereisalottodo.Vanuatu'sislandsoffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerousactivitiesintheworld:volcano(火山)surfingandlanddiving.VolcanoSurfingOnTannaIsland,MountYasurrises361metresintothesky.Yasurisanactivevolcano,anditerupts(爆发)almosteveryday,sometimesseveraltimesaday.Forcenturies,peoplehaveclimbedthismountaintovisitthetop.Recently,peoplehavealsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.Insomeways,volcanosurfingislikesurfinginthesea,butinotherwaysit'sverydifferent.Volcanosurferstrytoescapetheeruptingvolcano--withoutgettinghitbyflyingrocks!It'sfast,funanddangerous-theperfectextremesport(极限运动).LandDivingMostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdoyouknowbungeejumpingstartedonPentecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?Theactivity,firstcalledlanddiving,ispartofareligiousceremony(宗教仪式).Amantiestreevines(树藤)tohislegs.Hethenjumpshead-firstfromahightowertotouchtheearthwiththetopofhishead-withoutbreakingthevine.Everyspring,islandnatives(menonly)stilltakepartinthisamazingactivity.Inthefirstparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?People.B.Animals.C.Activities.D.Islands.Accordingtothepassage,MountYasur?A.isnolongeractiveB.isonPentecostIslandC.eruptsalmosteverydayD.rises800metresintothesky（3）WhyhavepeoplerecentlystartedclimbingMountYasur?A.Becausepeoplecanclimbiteasily.B.Becausepeoplecanmakemoney.C.Becausepeoplecanwatchsnowonit.D.Becausepeoplecansurfthevolcano.（4）WhichofthefollowingaboutlanddivingisTRUE?A.Itisnotdangerousatall.B.Itwasfirstcalled""bungeejumping".C.ItisatraditionalactivityinVanuatu.D.ItcametoVanuatufromanothercountry.（5）Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?Totellpeoplenottododangeroussports.Toexplainwhatvolcanosurfingandlanddivingare.Totalkabouttheworld'sbestvolcanosurferandlanddiver.TocompareactivitiesinVanuatuwithsportsinNewZealand.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水。（1）细节题。根据句子定语从句who可知指的是人，可知对于对冒险和运动感兴趣的人来说，有许多事情可做，所以those指的是人，故选A。（2）纟田节题。根据MountYasurrises361metresintothesky.Yasurisanactivevolcano,anditerupts（爆发）almosteveryday可知MountYasur几乎每天爆发，故选C。（3）纟田节题。根据Recently,peoplehavealsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.最近，人们也开始攀登雅苏火山。故选D。（4）纟节题。根据LandDivingMostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdoyouknowbungeejumpingstartedonPentecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?陆地跳水大多数人都熟悉蹦极跳，但你知道蹦极跳始于瓦努阿图的五重岛，几乎有十五世纪的历史吗？可知它是一种传统的活动，故选Co（5）纟节题。根据Vanuatu'sislandsoffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerousactivitiesintheworld:volcano（火山）surfingandlanddiving.可知主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水，目的是介绍火山冲浪和陆地潜水是什么，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查纟节题，注意从文中仔纟寻找答案。8．阅读理解Twomenweregoingthroughaforest."Iamafraid,"saidone,"thatwemaymeetwithwildanimals.""Fearnothing,friendQuickwit,"criedtheother,whosenamewasBraggart,"Iftheycomeatus,weshallstandbyoneanotherlikemen.Ihaveastrongarm,astrongheart,and...""Hark!"criedthefirstinfear,asalowsoundwasheardfromsomewherenearby,Braggart,whowaslightandnimble,climbedupatreelikeasquirrel(松鼠),leavinghisfriend,whowasnotsoactive,tofacethedangeralone!Quickwitcoulddonothingbutthrowhimselfonthegroundandpretended(假装)tobedead;forhehadheardthatbearswouldnevertouchadeadbody.Innotimethebearcampuptohim,sniffed(用鼻子吸气)athim.Quickwitdidnotdaretomove;andthebear,thinkinghimdead,wentoffintothewoodagain,leavinghimquiteunharmed!WhenBraggartsawthatthedangerwasover,hecamedownfromthetreeandtriedtopassoffthematterwithajoke."Well,myfriendQuickwit,"hesaid,"whatdidthebearsaytoyouwhenheputhismouthdosetoyourear?""Hetoldme,"repliedQuickwit,"neveragaintotrustamanwhotalksbiglikeyou!"Thecorrectorderofthefollowingeventsis_.Twomenweregoingthroughaforest.Quickwitthrewhimselfontheground.Braggartclimbedupatreelikeasquirrel.Alowsoundwasheardfromsomewherenearby.A.a-b-d-cB.a-d-c-b.C.d-a-c-bD.d-b-c-aThebearleftQuickwitbecauseit_.A.washitbyBraggartB.feltpityforhimC.thoughthewasdeadD.didn'tlikehissmellWecanlearnfromthepassagethat_.A.atruefriendreachesforyourhandB.afriendtoallisafriendtononeC.agoodfriendisagoodlistenerD.arealfriendneverargueswithyouThebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe_.A.AFightBetweenTwoTravelersB.TheTravelersandtheBearC.AKind-heartedBearD.ATrueFriendinTrouble【答案】(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)B【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故事。细节理解题。根据Twomenweregoingthroughaforest.两个男人正在穿越森林——alowsoundwasheardfromsomewherenearby一个奇怪的声音从附近传来——Braggart,whowaslightandnimble,climbedupatreelikeasquirrel(松鼠)Braggart像松鼠一样爬上树Quickwitcoulddonothingbutthrowhimselfonthegroundandpretended(假装)tobedead.Quickwit躺在地上装死，可知事情发生的正确顺序为a—d—c—b。故选B细节理解题。根据第三段andthebear,thinkinghimdead.可知，熊以为他死了。故选C。推理判断题。根据文章，熊来了的时候Braggart没有伸出援手而是自己爬上树，说明他不是一个真正的朋友，真正的朋友是会伸出援手的。故选A。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故事，因此旅行者和熊是最好的标题。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．阅读理解WelcometoIsleRoyaleNationalPark!ItisaUSnationalparkinthestateofMichigan.IsleRoyaleissurroundedbythedeepbluewatersofLakeSuperior,thelargestfreshwaterlakeonEarthbyarea.NocarsarepermittedinIsleRoyale.Therearenorealroadsontheisland.Theonlywaytogettotheparkisbyboatorseaplane.AboattriptoIsleRoyaletakesthreetofivehours.IsleRoyaleisthelargestoftheislandswithinthenationalpark.Itisover72kilometerslong.Thewholenationalparkcoversatotalareaof2,320squarekilometers,with540squarekilometersabovewater.IsleRoyalebecameanationalparkin1940.Butoncetheyarrive,mostvisitorsstayawhite.TheaveragestayforvisitorsinIsleRoyaleNationalParkis3.5days.IsleRoyaleoffershiking,camping,boatingandevenscubadiving.VisitorstoIsleRoyalecanseealotofmouseandwolvesinwinter.ThenationalparkisclosedfromNovemberlthroughApril15,duetoextremeweatherconditions.Butfortheothermonthsoftheyear,IsleRoyaleoffersgreenforestsandclearbluewaters.（1）WhereisIsleRoyaleNationalPark?A.IntheUS.B.InCanada.C.InIndia.D.InMexico.（2）WhyarecarsNOTallowedinIsleRoyaleNationalPark?A.Becausetheymaypollutethepark.B.Becauseithasnoroadatall.C.Becausetheymayhurtpassengers.D.Becausetheymayhurttheanimals.（3）Whichanimalcanyouseeintheparkinwinter?A.Mouse.B.Turtles.C.Bears.D.Tigers.（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AtriptoIsleRoyaleNationalParkB.IsleRoyaleNationalParkC.MooseandwolvesD.WhatcanyouseeinIsleRoyaleNationalPark?【答案】（1）ATOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要接受了皇家岛屿的地理位置与地方特色。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句WelcometoIsleRoyaleNationalPark!ItisaUSnationalparkinthestateofMichigan.提示可知，皇家岛屿在美国，故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句NocarsarepermittedinIsleRoyale.Therearenorealroadsontheisland.提示可知，因为没有公路，所以在皇家岛屿不允许开车，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句VisitorstoIsleRoyalecanseealotofmouseandwolvesinwinter.提示可知，在冬天可以看到许多老鼠和狼。故选A。（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知此文主要介绍了皇家岛屿的人文地貌，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。10．阅读理解ItseemsthatmoreandmoreAmericanswantschoolstoteachforeignlanguagestochildrenunderfiveyearsold.Themostpopularwaytoteachyoungchildrenanotherlanguageiscalledimmersion（沉浸式语言教学法）.Childrenintheimmersio