新外研版必修二：Unit3Onthemove教学·知识细解码学案

Focuses©□languagep&ints教学心知识细解码Focuses©□languagep&ints—nWBWWBUI%!iirasE^M"* I闻汇派生1surfv.冲浪fsurfingn.冲浪（运动）representv.代表，表示一representationn.代表，描绘一representativen.代表“矽•.典型的，有代表性的basev.以 为基础fbasisn.基础；根据fbasic”办基础的；根据的fbasicallyadv.主要地，基本地equipv.装备，配备fequipmentn.装备，设备，用具defendv.（在比赛中）防守，防卫一defencen.防守；防卫diev.死，死亡-deadadj.死的fdeathn.死，死亡-dyingadj.快要死的I 词多义一I.representv.代表，表示；描述，描绘①Mr.Blackwaschosentorepresentthecompanyattheconference.代表②ThispaintingrepresentsthefirstsettlersarrivinginAmerica.描述，描绘③Thisessayrepresentsaconsiderableimprovementonyourrecentwork.表明，表示.goaln.球门；进球得分；目标，目的①Hewillkeepgoalinthefootballmatchtomorrow. 球门②Thecrowdcheeredwhenthehometeamscoredagoal. 进球得分③Youshouldsetyourselfagoalatthebeginningofeachschoolyear.目标，目的I一要点直击口WordsandPhrases知识要点1representv.代表，表示，描述，描绘；意味着（教材P26）Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。[例1]Theannual-ringsrepresenttheamountofwoodformedeachyear.

年轮代表着每年生成的木材量。［例2］ Thefiguresrepresentageneraldeclineinemployment.这些数字意味着就业人数总体在下降。［造句］地图上的红线表示铁路。Theredlinesonthemaprepresentrailways.［知识拓展］(l)represent…with… 用 代表 represent...as... 把 描述成 representoneselfas 自称是 (2)representationn. 代表；描述representativen. 代表adj. 典型的，有代表性的berepresentativeof 代表 的［即学即练］单句语法填空①Thearticlerepresentsthemillionaireasasimplefamilyman.②Thisnovelisavividrepresentation(represent)ofthedarknessofthatperiod.③Thiscaseisrepresentativeoftheattitudesofthepolice.知识要点2basisn.基础；根据(教材?26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。［例1］Thebasisofheropinionissomethingshereadinthemagazine.她的意见的依据是从杂志里看来的。［例2］Thearticlewillformthebasisforourdiscussion.这篇文章将形成我们讨论的基础。［造句］我的理论是以可靠的事实作为根据的。Mytheoryisestablishedonthesolidbasisoffacts.［知识拓展］在……的基础上，根据定期(1)onthebasisofonaregularbasis在……的基础上，根据定期⑵basev. 以 为依据bebasedon 以 为基础［即学即练］单句语法填空Don'tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.Isuggestedthatwemeetonaregularbasistodiscusstheprogress.Thenovelisbased(base)onhistoricalfacts.知识要点3equipmentn,装备，设备，用具(教材P26)Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.你不需要昂贵的设备，甚至球也不需要花很多钱。［例1］Thegovernmenthasaninterestinbringinginnewequipment.政府对引进新设备非常感兴趣。［例2］Withthemodernequipment，ourworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。［造句］实验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了。Afterafirebrokeoutinthelab，a10tofequipmentwasdamaged.—［知识拓展］(1)apiece/setofequipment 一件/套设备(2)equipvt 装备equip...with... 用 装备 beequippedwith 装备着 ［即学即练］单句语法填空①Asstudents,weshouldequipourselveswithknowledge.②Ournewschoolisequipped(equip)withallthenecessariesinteaching.③Ihavebeenbusypreparingallthebrokenofficeequipment(equip)thesedays.［小片段助记］Ourschoolisequippedwithadvancedteachingequipment.知识要点4contentn.满意，满足；内容v.使满意，使满足adj.满意的，满足的(教材P26)Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'content

withaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePeledidwhenhewasaboy.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地玩着一个由塑料袋做成的球，就像贝利小时候那样。［例1］Thisisagoodbookasfarasitscontentisconcerned.就内容来说，这是一本好书。［例2］Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithbookknowledgeonly.我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。［造句］我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。Wecanswimintherivertoourhearts'content.［知识拓展［知识拓展］(1)toone'sheart'scontent(2)contentoneselfwith(3)becontentwithsth.becontenttodosth.(4)contents尽情地，心满意足地使自己满足于满足于某事满足于做某事所含之物；（书的）目录［即学即练］单句语法填空①Shedroppedherpurseandthecontents(content)felloutonthefloor.②Asthereisnobutter，weshallhavetocontentourselveswithdrybread.③Myparentsarecontenttolive(live)inthecountryside，wheretheairiscleanandvegetablesarefresh.知识要点5defendv(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫；辩护(教材P?，Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee…你不必是一个球迷就能认识到职业球员的技术——看到他们如何利用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的……［例1］Thebestwaytodefendistoattack.最好的防御就是进攻。［例2］Wewilldefendourmotherlandtothelastdropofourblood.我们愿为保卫祖国流尽最后一滴血。［造句］无论付出什么样的代价，我们都要捍卫我们的城市。Weshalldefendourcity,whateverthecostmaybe.［知识拓展］(1)defend...from/against...保护 免受 ；保卫 抵御 (2)defencen. 防御；保卫；防御物indefenceof 保卫 ；为 辩护［即学即练］单句语法填空①Thewallwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashed(wash)awaybythesea.②Whenhewasindanger,twofriendscametohisdefence(defend).③Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtoariseindefenceoftheirlegalrights.［小片段助记］Intimeofwar,lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.知识要点6putdown放下；记下；镇压(教材P27)WorldWarIhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore,butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether...第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但是英国和德国的士兵放下他们的枪，一起踢足球……［例1］LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetit.让我记下你的电话号码以免忘记。［例2］Theytriedtoputdowntherebellionbyforce.他们试图用暴力镇压叛乱。［造句］把那把刀子放下，以免伤人！Putdownthatknifebeforeyouhurtsomebody!［知识拓展］putaway 把 收起来，储存putout 熄灭；扑灭；出版；生产

putoffputupputoffputupputupwith举起，张贴；提供（价格）；留宿某人忍受［即学即练］单句语法填空①Don'tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.②Putawaythetoolsafterwork，willyou?③Smokingisforbiddenhere.Pleaseputyourcigaretteout.④Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanputdownalmosteverywordherteachersays.知识要点7conflictn.武装冲突，战斗，战争，冲突，矛盾v.矛盾，冲突，抵触(教材P27) …onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.……这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平时刻。［例1］Armedconflictmaybreakoutatanymoment.武装冲突有一触即发之势。［例2］Thetwostoriesconflicted,soIdidnotknowwhattobelieve.两个故事相冲突，我不知道相信哪一个。［造句］两国间的冲突终于导致了一场战争。Theconflictbetweenthetwocountriesfinallycausedawar.［知识拓展］武装/武装/军事冲突与……发生冲突与……相冲突与……发生冲突(2)conflictwith［即学即练］单句语法填空①Sheoftencomesintoconflictwithhermotherinlaw.②Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.③Ifso,yourpointsofviewareboundtoconflictwithhis.知识要点8amatterof关乎 的事情(教材P27)Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath,...

有些人认为足球是关系重大的事情，……［例1］Itakethisseriously.It'samatterofprinciple.我对此很认真。这是原则问题。［例2］It'samatterofluckwhetherwearesuccessful.我们是否成功是碰运气的事。［造句］这是生死攸关的大事，不可掉以轻心。It'samatteroflifeanddeath，andwecan'ttreatitlightly.［知识拓展］看法（看法（不同的）问题事实上出于兴趣使情况更糟的是asamatteroffactasamatterofinteresttomakemattersworse［即学即练］单句语法填空①Asamatteroffact，Iknownothingaboutthisbook.②Ilostmywayintheforest，andtomakemattersworse(bad)，itbecamedark.③Whetherornotheisanygoodasamanagerisamatterofopinion.SentencePatterns重点句式1giventhat引导条件状语从句(教材P26)GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafOotballtotheMoon，wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!考虑到尼尔・阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!句式分析：giventhat意为“考虑到，鉴于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。［例1］Giventhatyouhadverylittlehelp，Ithinkyoudidverywellunderthecircumstances.考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种情况下，你已经干得不错了。［例2］Giventhatthereisnotrafficdelay，Iwillbethereontime.只要没有交通阻塞，我会按时到那儿。［造句］如果他能再一次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。Giventhathecangetanotherchance,hewillsurelysucceed.［知识拓展］与giventhat用法类似的还有：provided(that)…二providing(that)…倘若；在……情况/条件下suppose/supposing(that)... 倘若；在 情况/条件下［翻译］Youcanusetheroomproviding/provided/supposingthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy(只要你保持干净整洁).［即学即练］单句语法填空①Iwillaccompanyyouprovided/providing(provide)thatIamwellenough.②Given(give)thathe'shadsixmonthstodothis,hehasn'tmademuchprogress.③Suppose/Supposing(suppose)thatwemissthetrain,whatshallwedo?重点句式2it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语(教材P28)Itisamazingtoseehowprofessionalplayersusetheirbodiestopass,scoreanddefend.看职业球员如何利用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的。句式分析：Itisamazingtosee...是句式“Itis+adj.+todosth.“意为“做某事是……的"，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。［例1］Itisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很有趣的。［例2］Itisnoteasytomakehimchangehismind.让他改变主意不容易。［造句］在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。Itishardtofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.［知识拓展］(1)在Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary,possible等。（2）在Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为：sb.+be+adj.+todosth.。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice,good,stupid,silly,careful等。（3）Itis+n.+todosth.做某事是 Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花费某些时间做某事［翻译］©Sometimesit'snecessaryforchildrentomaketheirownchoices（孩子们有必要做出他们自己的选择）.②Itiscarelessofyoutomakesomanymistakes（你犯了这么多错误太粗心了）inyourcomposition.③It'sapleasuretotalkwithyou（和你谈话是件愉快的事）.［即学即练］单句语法填空①Itismuchmoredifficulttojudge（judge）oneselfthantojudgeothers.ItisnecessaryforustopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday.Itwascrazyofyoutogoskatingonsuchthinice.④ntookthemabouthalfanhourtoworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem.口长难句分析口.（教材P26）FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain,wherethegamewasgivennewrules.分析：此句为主从复合句。FootballstartedinGreatBritain是句子的主干，其中asweknowittoday是as_引导的定语从句修饰先行词Football；逗号后面为where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词GreatBritain。译文：我们今天所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里比赛被赋予了新的规则。.（教材P26）Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.分析：此句为主从复合句。Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplay是that引导的主语从句，其中toplay为不定式作定语修饰game；后面的isperhapsthebasis...构成系表结构。

译文：足球是一项非常简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。匚教材对接高考1教材高考l.Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.（2020-天津卷）Ifspecialclothesareused,theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.2.Goalswerehungintheair.FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain...（2020-全国卷II）Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.3.Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.（2019-全国卷I）“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.4.Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.（2020-江苏卷）...developingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.5.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaball...（2020-全国卷III）Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.6.Anotherfactorbehindfootball'sglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementonthefield.（2020・浙江卷）.…accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor（因素）.7....howtheyusetheirbodiestopass,scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee...（2019・浙江卷）.…oneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.8....onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.（2018•北京卷）一.whoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.9.Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath,...（2019-天津卷）Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.I.单句语法填空Notmanypeoplelovesurfing(surf)ontheInternet.Don'tbecontentwithsuchasmallsuccess.Acomputeristhemostimportantpieceofequipment(equip)youwillbuy.Ithinkweshouldconsiderthetwofactors(factor)abouttheproblem.Whatpointscanberaisedindefence(defend)ofthisargument?Ihavethehonorofbeingsentastheirrepresentative(represent).Yourstatementisinconflictwiththerestoftheevidence.Somevideoshavebeenbannedonthebasisthattheyaretooviolent.It'simpossibleformetobe(be)therebeforeeight.Given(give)thatthecontractisstrictlycarriedout,wewillgiveyouanotherbiggercontract..短语填空goback,beknownas,toone'sheart'scontent,endwith,what'smore,breakdown,take...forexample,breakout,putdown,amatterofMyinterestinstampcollectinggoesbacktomyschooldays.Sheisknownasasuccessfulsingerandcomposer.Thequalityoftheambulanceserviceisamatteroflifeanddeath.It'sausefulbook,andwhat'smore,notanexpensiveone.Notlongafterhisreturn,alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.Sheputdownthephone,sighed,andshookherheadsadly.