名词性从句优秀教案新部编本(练习)

教师学科教案[20-20学年度第—学期]任教学科：任教年级：任教老师：

xx市实验学校.Uf.i0-L育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰.Uf.i0-L育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰精品教学教案设计精品教学教案设计|Excellentteachingplan育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰名词性从句讲解（复习课）一、热点考点回顾（一）名词性从句定义在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句（NounClauses）,名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。（二）名词性从句从句的分类｛形容词性从句，即定语从句状语从句主语从句名词性从句宾语从句"表语从句同位语从句2.说明：名词性从句的功能相当于名词，根据其在句中充当的成份，有不同的叫法。②引导名词性从句的连接词主要有：a.从属连词that，无词义，不作句子成分；在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。Ihope（that）youwillenjoyyourholiday.希望你假期过得好。Thathelikesyouisveryobvious.很显然他喜欢你。b.从属连词if，whether（是否）有词义，但不作句子成分。引导宾语从句时，可换成互换，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if;Heaskedwhether[if]Iwouldshowhimtheway.他问我是否可以给他带路。Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。（引导主语从句，不能用讦代替whether）从属连词asf(=asthough,似乎、好像)有词义，但不作句子成分；Shelookedasifshehadcried.她看起来好像哭过。连接代词who，whoever，what，whatever，whom，whomever，which，whichever，howmuch，howmany有词义，作主语、宾语、定语成分；Tellmewhichoneyoulikebest.告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。Whoeverpasstheexamwillgetaprize.无论哪一个通过考试都会得到一个奖品。连接副词when，whenever，where，wherever，why，how，however，howoften，howsoon，howfar，howlong作状语成分。Thequestionishowweshouldcarryouttheplan.问题是怎样执行这个计划。Whenshe'llbebackdependsmuchontheweather.她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。Whyhediditwillremainapuzzleforever.他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。③在名词性从句中，要用陈述语序。【例】1.Idon'tknowwheredoeshelive.(false)Idon'tknowwherehelives.(true)我不知道他住在哪。Whatlifeinthefuturewillbelikeisunknown.(true)Whatwilllifeinthefuturebeisunknown.(false)【链接训练】Thephotographswillshowyou．(MET89)A．whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB．whatourvillagelookslikeC．howdoesourvillagelooklikeD．howourvillagelookslike［解析］答案：B。根据引导词在从句中作介词like的宾语，所以不能用副词how，排除C、D,而A项用了疑问句的语序，故选B项Heaskedforaviolin．(MET92)A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid答案:D（04广东25）Parentsaretaughttounderstandimportanteducationistotheirchildren'sfuture.A.thatB.howC.suchD.so解析本题关键是对句子的理解和语序的安排。抛开从句不看的话，从句中的原句应该是：Educationisimportanttotheirchildren'sfuture。强调important，用how来修饰，再把它提前，所以应该选Bhow。④不可用nomatterwho，nomatterwhat等引导名词性从句，只能引导状语从句。Q名词性从句的时态问题当主句的谓语动词是一般现在式时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。MymotheraskmewhetherIhavefinishedmyhomework.我妈妈问我是否完成家庭作业了。当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。Myteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.我老师说地球围绕太阳转。Shesaidthatshedidn'twanttoknow.她说她不想知道。Iaskedherwhethershewouldagree.我问她是否会同意。when,讦这两个词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句。当它们引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态；但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时，则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：Idon'tknowwhenhewillcome,butwhenhecomes,I'l我不知道他.什么时候，但当他来的时候，我会打电话给你。句中第一个when引导的是宾语从句，故用将来时态表示将来意义；第二个

when引导的是时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义。（一）、主语从句定义：若处在主语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做主语从句注意事项：a.在主语从句中，任何引导词都不可以省去。例】Thatherhairisturninggreyworriesher.b.在主语从句中，不用f,用whethero例】Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotclear.(true)Ifhewillornotisnotclear.(false)c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时,则用复数。when引导的是时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义。（一）、主语从句定义：若处在主语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做主语从句注意事项：a.在主语从句中，任何引导词都不可以省去。例】Thatherhairisturninggreyworriesher.b.在主语从句中，不用f,用whethero例】Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotclear.(true)Ifhewillornotisnotclear.(false)c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时,则用复数。例】1.Wherewewillhaveaholidayhasn'tbeendecided.2.Wherewe'llgopicnicingandhowwewillgoaren'tclear.d.主语从句作主语时，习惯上用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。［例】I.It'sveryclearthattheboywasseriouslyill.形式主语真正的主语2.It'suncertainwhetherwe'llhaveameetingtoday.3.Ithasn'tbeendecidedwhentheywillleavefor(前往)NewYork.e.以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常见句型有:It'scertain/uncertainthat...…肯定…/不确定It'slikely/possible/probablethat.有可能It'sapity/shamethat.很可惜/很遗憾It'snosurprisethat.毫不奇怪/很正常碰巧It'ssaid/reported/thought/believethat.据说/据报道/大家认为/人们相信..碰巧Ithappensthat.f.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，必须用it做形式主语。例】1.Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecture?2.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon'tcome?g.主语从句的虚拟语气，常见句型如下：It'sapity/shame/nowonder+that+主语+（should）+v....It'srequested/suggested/desired+that+主语+（should）+v....It'snecessary/strange/important+that+主语+（should）+v....【链接训练】（06辽宁30）makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever解析what引导主语从句，并作从句的主语，A.what=thethingthat。（06山东27）teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever解析由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作team的定语使用，选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能，且从数个已知的队中选择一个，故选D.whichever。（07福建35）Itisnoneofyourbusinessotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.howB.whatC.whichD.when解析本题考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，而真正的主语应为后面的从句，且从句中缺少动词think的宾语，故用B.what引导。（二）、表语从句1.定义：若处在表语的位置，即放在系动词be,seem,look等词之后，那么这个句子就叫做表语从句。注意事项：引导表语从句的任何词都不可以省（在口语中that偶尔可以省去）。【例】Thetruthis（that）Ihaveneverbeenthere.在表语从句中，不用f,用whetheroasf（=asthough）可以引导表语从句。【例】Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.Thegirlseemsasthoughshehascried.【链接训练】（04全国I31）Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how解析where引导表语从句，where指的是在某一点上，相当于atthepoint。句意为：你说每个人都应该平等，在这一点上，我不同意你的说法。disagree是不及物动词，所以不能用what,故选Bo（05安徽32）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that解析第一个从句是表语从句并在从句中作表语，所以用what；后面是一个when引导的定语从句，其先行词是20yearsago,故选A。（06全国I23）Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas__wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what解析本题考查了表语从句的用法。由句中句子结构可知，此处缺一表语从句引导词，而且要在句中作did的宾语，故只有D.what符合要求。、宾语从句定义：若处在宾语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。注意事项：①引导宾语从句的that可以省，但若有两个或以上的that引导的宾语从句时，只可以省去第一个that，其后的不省。【例】Ifind(that)heisdishonestandthatheoftentelllies.that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，不可以省去that。【例】Thatheeversaidsuchathing,Idon'tbelieve.if和whether在引导宾语从句时，可以互换，但在下列情况下不可以：与ornot连用时，只用whether，不用讦。用讦引导的宾语从句，如果会产生歧义，应避免使用讦，而用whethero【例】Pleasetellmeifyouintendtogo.上例中讦翻译为“如果”、“是否”均可。介词后的宾语从句，只用whether，不用讦。【例】Itdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.与不定式连用时，只能用whether，不能用讦。【例】Idon'tknowwhethertogoornot.discuss后接whether引导的宾语从句，不可接讦。将宾语从句放在句首时，只用whether引导，不用讦。【例】Whetherhe'llcometothemeetingtomorrow,I'mnotsure.如果宾语从句后边还有宾语补足语时，则需用it作形式主语，而将宾语后置，此时that不可省。【例】1.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoMingdidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday.Wefinditnecessarythatweshouldaskhimforadvice.Hemadeitclearthatanyonewhobrokethelawwouldbepunished.介词后的宾语从句不可以用which来引导，用what或whatevero【例】1.Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?TheEmperorwaspleasedwithwhattheministerhadtoldhimaboutthecloth.Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.在宾语从句中，时态要一致：若主句是现在时态（一般现在时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句可根据需要用在何时态。【例】Cheishavingsuppernow.hesawthefilmyesterday.*hewillgotoShanghainextweek.Ithinkthat9hewaswatchingTVat7:00lastnight.heoftengoestoworkbybus.hehasreadthemagazinebefore.若主句为过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时），从句也要用相应的过去时。但客观真理、科学原理、格言等永远用一般现在时，不受时态要一致的规则限制。【例】1.Hesaidhewillcometoseemenextweek.（false）Hesaidhewouldcometoseemenextweek.（true）Hesaidhehasbeenthere.（false）Hesaidhehadbeenthere.（true）他说他曾经在这。「theearthgoesroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。」Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.光速比声速快。由连词that引导的宾语从句很少做介词的宾语，只用在except（=but，除…以外，不包括在内）、besides（除…以外，包括某一范围在内）之后，且此时的that不可省。其它一些介词后若出现that引导的宾语从句时，要用it先行一步，作形式宾语，后放从句。【例】l.Thegirlhasn'tchangedatallexceptthatsheisnolongersotalktive（adj健谈的）.Yourcompositioniswell-writtenexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes.Youmaydependonitthatthey'llsupportyou.Wemustseeto(确保)itthateveryonewillbepleasantatthemeeting.在宾语从句中应注意句型：广whatisthematterwithhim.(true)}Idon'tknow〔what'swrongwithhim.(true)已是陈述语序whatwrongiswithhim.(false)whatthematteriswithhim.(false)believe,think,guess,suppose在含有宾语从句的疑问句中要作“插入语”。【例】l.Doyouknowwhoheiswaitingfor?(true)你知道他在等谁吗？Whodoyouthinkheiswaitingfor?(true)Whatdoyousupposeheisdoingnow?Wheredoyoubelievehehasbeen?你相信他在哪？I'mafraid/sure/sorry/certain+that-clause也叫宾语从句。【例】I'mafraidthatIhaveabadcold.我害怕得重感冒。【链接训练】Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknewshewassoangry.(10湖南)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why解析：该空引导宾语从句,根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowittakestostartabusinesshere.(10天津)A.howB.whatC.WhenD.which句意：作为一名新毕业生,他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。（04湖南24）1thinkfatherwouldliketoknowI'vebeenuptosoofadecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how解析此句关键在于弄清短语beupto该短语意思是：忙于，从事，其中to为介词，所以需要一个代词，根据句意，只能用what，故选C。（04北京31）Wecan'tfigureoutquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when解析本题考查引导宾语从句的引导词。根据关键词aredyingout可排除as、when两项。figureout有“理解，想出；计算"等意。根据句意应选Cwhy。（四）同位语从句定义：若处在同位语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做同位语从句。注意事项：同位语从句要放在某些名词之后，用来解释或说明这些名词的内容，常见的有:fact，news，hope，promise，idea，truth，suggestion，thought，order，question，problem，belief，doubt，fear，word（n.[U]消息），possibility，reporto在同位语从句中，不用讦，用whethero常用来引导同位语从句的连词有：that，whether，how，when，where，what。为了保持句子平衡，有时同位语从句会和它前面的名词分开。【例】AnorderhascomefromBerlinthatnolanguagebutGermanshouldbetaughtintheschoolsofFrance.（避免头重脚轻）引导同位语从句的任何词都不可省。注意区分定语从句和同位语从句。定语从句：用来修饰其前面的名词，关系词在句中作成分；同位语从句：用来说明其前面的名词的内容，引导词在从句中不作成分。【比较】l.Thenews（that/which）Iheardistrue.（定语从句）Thenewsthatourteamwonistrue.（同位语从句）Thesuggestionthatheputforwardwasturneddown.Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthemeeting（should）beputoff.3.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Themancan'tanswerthequestionhowhegotthemoney.HeexpressedthehopethattheycouldcometoChinaagainnextyear.Mymothermadeapromisethatshewouldbuymeanewcomputer.【补充】l.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.Whoeversaysthatisaliar.Whoeverheardofsuchathing!特别注意what的双重功能：Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.（what为“所的事”，相当于“thethingthat...；allthat...；everythingthat...”）Afterseemedaverylongtime，Iopenedmyeyeandfoundmyselfinbed.（MET'93）A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which（what相当于“thetimethat”，表示“时间”）Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？（what表示“的人”，相当于“thepersonthat...”）WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.（what表示“的地方”，相当于“theplacethat...”）Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago（what表示“的数目”，相当于“theamount/numberthat...”）链接训练】（04上海春41）AlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether解析本题考查同位语从句。句意为:他在信中承诺：在即将到来的圣诞节来看望我。由句子结构可以看出promise后的从句非常完整，不缺少任何句子成份;由题意可知该从句用以说明promise的内容，所以可判断出是一个同位语从句，因为是在陈述一个事实，故引导词要用that，故选B。（05浙江15）Danbyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which解析that引导的从句作word“口信”的同位语，别的引导词不合适故选B。（05辽宁29）Doyouhaveanyideaisactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.which解析在这里，所填词引导的从句是对前面名词idea内容的解释，所以应是同位语从句。同位语从句中缺主语，根据题意，答案应为B.what。二、典型例题somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.（北京）A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How一Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?（10浙江）一OK,youwant.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoeverItisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.（10浙江）

A．thatB．whatC．howD．whetherOnereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeisshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.（10上海）A.thatB.howC.whatD.whyPartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,wasitwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.（10北京32）A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whetherBeforethesalesstart,Imakealistofmykidswillneedforthecomingseason.（10山东26）A.whywhichB.whatC.howD.7.Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow（10上海37）.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering8.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelatives．（10四川14）A．whatB．whoC．howD．Why9.Wehaven'国I33）tdiscussedyetwearegoingtoplaceournevt0fUrniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.Where10.IwanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.（10湖北31）A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how三、课堂练习1.BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.

A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom2.Theshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.A.whatB.howC.thatD.whyThereisclearevidencethemostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.A.whatB.ifC.howD.thatThemessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeofothersactuallyunderstand.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.what5.Iamafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichisheneverfinishesanything.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why6.We'veofferedherthejob,butIdon'tknowshe'llacceptit.A.whereB.whatC.whetherD.which7.Thevillagershavealreadyknownwe'lldoistorebuildthebridge.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which8.Itwasneverclearthemanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner.A.thatB.howC.whenD.why9.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeoutitisheistryingtoexpress.A.thatB.howC.whoD.what10.Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.A.whyB.howC.whatD.which_Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfast.A.whatB.whoC.howD.whyWhenthenewscamethewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.becauseModernsciencehasgivenclearevidencesmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where14.1'dliketostartmyownbusiness—that'sI'ddoifIhadthemoney.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what15.Itisstillunderdiscussion___theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A.whetherB.whenC.whichD.where四、课后作业一、选择题l.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictoseeuseanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.that2.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvioustheproblemitselfis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why一Haveyoufinishedthebook?（10全国II10）---No,I'vereaduptothechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where一IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.（10江苏35）一That'sIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what（09安徽32）acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.A.IthasB.TheyhaveC.ItremainsD.Thereremains6（09湖南28）Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever（江西）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though（09海南24）CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever（09海南33）Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealth

A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which（09陕西17）Thehow-to-bookcanbeofhelptowantstodothejob.A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever（09上海40）Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksofhecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how（09四川7）Newscamefromthesc