2019年12月英语四级真题第一套含听力原文及答案

2019年12月英语四级真题第一套（含听力原文及答案）PartIWriting(30PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowraitleettertoaforeignfriendwhowantstoteachEnglishinChina.Pleaserecommendacitytohim.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokeonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questionsland2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Manyfacilitiesweredestroyedbyawanderingcow.Awanderingcowknockeddownoneofitsfences.Sometouristswereinjuredbyawanderingcow.Awanderingcowwascapturedbythepolice.A)Itwasshottodeathbyapoliceofficer.B)Itfounditswaybacktothepark'szoo.D)ItwassenttotheanimalcontrolC)Itbecameagreatattractionfortourists.D)Itwassenttotheanimalcontroldepartment.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Itisthelargestofitskind.B)Itisgoingtobeexpanded.C)Itisdisplayingmorefossilspecimens.D)Itisstaringanonline3.A)Itisthelargestofitskind.B)Itisgoingtobeexpanded.C)Itisdisplayingmorefossilspecimens.D)Itisstaringanonlineexhibition.4.A)AcollectionofbirdfossilsfromAustralia.B)Photographsofcertainrare

exhibition.4.A)AcollectionofbirdfossilsfromAustralia.B)Photographsofcertainrarefossilexhibits.C)SomeancientwallpaintingsfromAustralia.photocontest.D)PicturesbywinnersofawildlifeQuestions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Pickuptrash.B)Amusevisitors.C)Delivermessages.D)Playwithchildren.6.A)Theyareespeciallyintelligent.B)Theyarechildren'sfavorite.C)Theyarequiteeasytotame.D)Theyarecleanandpretty.fossilexhibits.C)SomeancientwallpaintingsfromAustralia.photocontest.D)PicturesbywinnersofawildlifeQuestions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Pickuptrash.B)Amusevisitors.C)Delivermessages.D)Playwithchildren.6.A)Theyareespeciallyintelligent.B)Theyarechildren'sfavorite.C)Theyarequiteeasytotame.D)Theyarecleanandpretty.7.A)Childrenmaybeharmedbytherooks.litter.B)ChildrenmaybetemptedtodropC)Childrenmaycontractbirddiseases.D)Childrenmayoverfeedtherooks.conversations.AttheendofeachSectionBconversations.AttheendofeachDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.B)ItwillbehostedbyfamousD)Itwillfocusonrecent8.A)ItwillbeproducedatHarvardUfessors.B)ItwillbehostedbyfamousD)ItwillfocusonrecentC)Itwillcoverdifferentareasofscience.scientificdiscoveries.9.A)Itwillbemorefuturistic.B)9.A)Itwillbemorefuturistic.B)Itwillbemoresystematic.C)Itwillbemoreentertaining.D)Itwillbeeasiertounderstand.C)Itwillbemoreentertaining.D)Itwillbeeasiertounderstand.10.A)Peopleinterestedinscience.B)10.A)Peopleinterestedinscience.B)Youngsterseagertoexplore.C)Childrenintheirearlyteens.D)Studentsmajoringinscience.C)Childrenintheirearlyteens.D)Studentsmajoringinscience.11.A)Offerprofessionaladvice.B)11.A)Offerprofessionaladvice.B)Providefinancialsupport.C)HelppromoteitontheInternet.D)Makeepisodesforitsfirstseason.C)HelppromoteitontheInternet.D)Makeepisodesforitsfirstseason.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Unsure.B)Helpless.Dissatisfied.A)Heistooconcernedwithbeingperfect.setbacks.C)Heistooambitiousinachievinggoals.ability.A)Embarrassed.B)Unconcerned.C)A)Trytobeoptimisticwhateverhappens.only.C)Alwayslearnfromothers'achievements.treated.C)Concerned.D)HelosesheartwhenfacedwithD)HetakesonprojectsbeyondhisMiserable.D)Resentful.ComparehispresentwithhispastD)TreatothersthewayhewouldbeSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),,C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyhaveastrongersenseofsocialresponsibility.B)Theyaremorelikelytosucceedinthehumanities.Theyaremorelikelytobecomeengineers.D)Theyhavegreaterpotentialtobeleaders.A)Praisegirlswholiketospeakupfrequently.B)Encouragegirlstosolveproblemsontheirown.Insistthatboysandgirlsworktogethermore.D)Respondmorepositivelytoboys'comments.A)Offerpersonalizedteachingmaterials.B)ProvideavarietyofoptionalPartIHPartIHReadingComprehension(40minutes)courses.Placegreatemphasisontestscores.D)Payextraattentiontotopstudents.Placegreatemphasisontestscores.D)Payextraattentiontotopstudents.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itoftenrainscatsanddogs.B)Itseldomrainsinsummertime.D)ItisoneofthemostrainycitiesinD)ItisoneofthemostrainycitiesinC)Itdoesnotrainasmuchaspeoplethink.theUS.B)B)A)Theydrivemostofthetime.Therainisusuallyverylight.C)Theyhavegotusedtotherain.D)Theraincomesmostlyatnight.A)Ithasalotofplacesforentertainment.B)Ithasneverseenthunderandlighting.C)Ithasfewercloudydaysthananyothercoastalcity.D)Ithasmildweatherbothinsummerandinwinter.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itoccurswhenpeoplearedoingarepetitiveactivity.B)Itresultsfromexertingone'smusclescontinuously.C)Ithappenswhenpeopleengageinanuncommonactivity.Itcomesfromstainingone'smusclesinanunusualway.A)Bloodflowandbodyheatincreaseintheaffectedarea.B)Bodymovementsintheaffectedareabecomedifficult.C)Theybegintomakerepairsimmediately.Theygraduallybecomefragmented.A)Aboutoneweek.B)Abouttwodays.C)Abouttendays.D)Aboutfourweeks.A)Applymusclecreams.B)Drinkplentyofwater.C)Haveahotshower.Takepain-killersC)Haveahotshower.Takepain-killers..SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whentravellingoverseas,doyoubuywaterinplasticbottlesortakeyourchanceswithtapwaterImagineyouarewanderingaboutonaThaiislandor26theruinsofAngkor.It'shotsoyougrababottleofwaterfromalocalvendor.It'sthesafe,sanethingtodo,rightThebottleis27,andthelabelsays“purewater",butmaybewhat'sinsideisnotso28.Wouldyoustillbedrinkingitifyouknewthatmorethan90percentofallbottledwatersoldaroundtheworld29microplasticsThat'stheconclusionofarecently30study,whichanalyzed259bottlesfrom11brandssoldinninecountries,31anaverageof325plasticparticlesperliterofwater.Thesemicroplasticsincludeda32commonlyknownasPETandarewidelyusedinthemanufactureofclothingandfoodand33containers.ThestudywasconductedatthStateUniversityofNewYorkonbehalfofOrbMedia,ajournalismorganization.Aboutamillionbottlesareboughteveryminute,notonlybythirstytouristsbutalsobymanyofthebillionworldwidewholivewithunsafedrinkingwater.Confrontedwiththis34,severalbottled-watermanufacturersincludingNestleandCoco-Colaundertooktheirownstudiesusingthesamemethodology.Thesestudiesshowedthattheirwaterdidcontainmicroplastics,butfarlessthantheOrbstudysuggested.Regardless,theWorldHealthOrganizationhasnowlaunchedareviewintothe35healthrisksofdrinkingwaterfromplasticbottles.A)adequateF)instantK)releasedB)admiringG)liquidL)revealingC)containsH)modifiedM)sealed

D)defendingI)naturalN)solvesE)evidenceJ)potentialO)substanceD)defendingI)naturalN)solvesE)evidenceJ)potentialO)substanceSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheQuietHeroismofMailDeliveryOnWednesday,apolarwindbroughtbittercoldtotheMidwest.Overnight,Chicagoreachedalowof21degreesFahrenheitbelowzero,makingitslightlycolderthanAntarctica,Alaska,andtheNorthPole.Windchillswere64degreesbelowzeroinParkRapids,Minnesota,and45degreesbelowzeroinBuffalo,NorthDakota,accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.Schools,restaurants,andbusinessesclosed,andmorethan1,000flightshavebeencanceled.EventheUnitedStatesPostalService(USPS)suspendedmaildeliverytemporialy.“DuetothisarcticoutbreakandconcernsforthesafetyofUSPSemployees,”USPSannouncedWednesdaymorning,“thePostalServiceissuspendingdeliveryJan.30inthefollowing3-digitZIPCodelocations.”TwelveregionswerelistedasunsafeonWdenesday;onThursday,eightremained.Asglobalsurfacetemperaturesincrease,sodoesthelikelihoodofextremeweather.In2018alone,wildfires,volcaniceruptions,hurricanes,mudslides,andothernaturaldisasterscostatleast$49billionintheUnitedStates.AsmycolleagueVannNewkirkreported,PuertoRicoisstillconfrontingeconomicandstructuraldestructionandresourcescarcityfrom2017'sHurricaneMaria.Naturaldisasterscanwreckacommunity'sinfrastructure,disruptingsystemsformonthsoryears.Someservices,however,remindusthatlifewilleventuallyreturn,insomeform,tonormal.Daysafterthedeadly2017wildfiresinSantaRosa,California,adronecaughtfootageofaUSPSworker,TrevorSmith,drivingthroughburnedhomesinthatfamiliarwhitevan,collectingmailinanaffectedarea.Thevideoisstriking:Theoperationisfamiliar,butthescenelooksliketheendoftheworld.AccordingtoRaeAnnHaight,theprogrammanagerforthenational-preparednessofficeatUSPS,Smithwasfulfillingarequestmadebysomeofthehomeownerstopickupanymailthatwasleftuntouched.ForSmitht,hiswasjustanotherdayonthejob.“IfollowedmyroutelikeInormallydo,”Smithtoldareporter.“AsI'dcomeacrossaboxthatwasupbutwithnohouse,Ichecked,andtherewasmail—outgoingmail—init.Andsowepickedthoseupandcarriedon.”USPShassophisticatedemergencyplansfornaturaldisasters.Acrossthecountry,285emergency-managementteamsaredevotedtocrisiscontrol.TheseteamsaretrainedannuallyusingaframeworkknownasthethreePs:people,property,product.Aftermailservicestopsduetoweather,theagency'stoppriorityisensuringthatemployeesaresafe.Thenitevaluatesthehealthofinfrastructure,suchastheroadsthatmailcarriersdriveon.Finally,itdecideswhenandhowtore-openoperations.Ifthedestructionisextreme,mailaddressedtotheareawillgetsentelsewhere.InresponsetoHurricaneKatrinain2005,USPSredirectedincomingNewOrleansmailtoexistingmailfacilitiesinHouston.MailthatwasalreadyprocessedinNewOrleansfacilitieswasmovedtoanupperfloorsoitwouldbeprotectedfromwaterdamage.Assoonasit'ssafeenoughtobeoutside,courierssttardistributingaccumulatedmailonthestill-accessibleroutes.USPSurgesthosewithoutstandingaddressestofilechange-of-addressformswiththeirnewlocation.AfterHurricaneKatrinahitin2005,mailfacilitiesweresetupindozensofotherlocationsacrossthecountryinthetwoweeksthatUSPSwasunabletoprovidestreetdelivery.Everyday,USPSprocesses,onaverage,millionpiecesofmai—lanythingfrompostcardstoSocialSecuritycheckstomedicine.SpokespeoplefrombothUSPSandUPStoldmeallmailisimportant.Butsomemailcanbeextremelysensitiveandtimely.AccordingtodatareleasedinJanuary2017,56percentofbillsarepaidonline,whichmeansthatjustunderhalfofpaymentsstillrelyondeliveryservicestobecompleted.ItcanbehardtoidentifywhichparcelsarecarryingcrucialitemssuchasSocialSecuritychecks,butUSPSandUPStrytheirbesttoprioritizesensitivematerial.TheywillcoordinatewiththeSocialSecurityAdministrationtomakesurethatSocialSecuritychecksreachtherightpeopleinatimelyfashion.AfterHurricaneFlorenceandHurricaneMichaellastfall,USPSworkedwithstateandlocalelectionboardstomakesurethatabsenteeballotswereavailableandreceivedontime.Mailcompaniesarelogisticscompanies,whichputstheminaspecialpositiontohelpwhendisasterstrikes.Ina2011USPScasestudy,theagencyemphasizeditsmassiveinfrastructureasa“uniquefederalasset”tobecalleduponinadisasterorterroristattack.“thIinkwe'reuniqueasafederalagency,”USPSofficialMikeSwigarttoldme,“becausewe'reinliterallyeverycommunityinthiscountry…We'reobligatedtodelivertothatpointonadailybasis.”Privatecouriercompanies,whichhavemoredollarstospend,usetheirexpertiseinlogisticstohelprevitalizedamagedareasafteradisaster.Formorethanadecade,FedExhassupportedtheAmericanRedCrossinitsefforttogetemergencysuppliestoareasaffectedbydisasters,bothdomesticallyandinternationally.In2012,thecompanydistributedmorethan1,200MedPackstoMedicalReserveCorpsgroupsinCalifornia,anddonatedspaceformillionpoundsofcharitableshippingglobally.LastOctober,thecompanypledged$1millionincashandtransportationsupportforHurricanesFlorenceandMichael.UPS'scharitablearm,theUPSFoundation,usesthecompany'slogisticstohelpdisaster-struckareasrebuild.“Werealizethatasacompanywithpeople,trucks,warehouses,weneededtoplayalargerrole,”saidEduardoMartinez,thepresidentoftheUPSFoundation.Thecompanyemploysitstrucksandplanestodeliverfood,medicine,andwater.ThedaybeforeIspoketoMartinezinNovember,hehadbeentouringthedamagefromHurricaneMichaelinFloridawiththeAmericanRedCross.“Wehaveanobligationtomakesureourcommunitiesarethriving,prosperous,”hesaid.Rebuildingcantakealongtime,andeventhen,impressionsofthedisastermaystillremain.Returningtoasenseofnormalcycanbedifficult,butsomesmallroutines—maildeliverybeingoneofthem—mayhelpresidentsrememberthattheircommunitiesarestilltheircommunities.“Whentheyseethatcarrierbackoutonthestreet,”Swigartsaid,“that'sthefirstsigntothemthatlifeisstartingtoreturntonormal.”TheUnitedStatesPostalServicehasasystemtoensureitsemployees'safety.OneofficialsaysUSPSisuniqueinthatithasmoredirectreachtocommunitiescomparedwithotherfederalagenciesNaturaldisasterscanhavealong-lastingimpactoncommunitylife.Maildeliveryservicei$stillresponsibleforthecompletionofalmosthalfofpayments.Thesightofamailmanonthestreetisareassuringsignoflifebecomingnormalagain.AfterHurricaneKatrinainterruptedroutinedelivery,temporarymailservicepointsweresetup.Postalserviceinsomeregionsinthe.wassuspendedduetoextremecoldweather.Privatepostalcompaniesalsosupportdisasterreliefeffortsbydistributingurgentsupplies.AdedicatedUSPSemployeewasonthejobcarryingoutdutiesinspiteofextremeconditions.Postalservicesworkhardtoidentifyitemsthatrequireprioritytreatment.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2wiasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistanttohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass,KnowledgeBasedArtificialIntelligence.ThisonlinecourseisacorerequirementofGeorgiaTech'sonlineMasterofScienceinComputerScienceprogram.ProfessorGoelalreadyhad8teachingassistants,butthatwasn'tenoughtodealwiththeoverwhelmingnumberofquestionsfromstudents.Manystudentsdropoutofonlinecoursesbecauseofthelackofteachingsupport.Whenstudentsfeelisolatedorconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstofade.ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtoremedythissituationandhissolutionwastocreateavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasinghertotheonlineforums.Atfirst,thevirtualassistantwasn'ttoogreat.ButGoelandhisteamsourcedtheonlinediscussionforumtofindall40,000questionsthathadeverbeenaskedsincetheclasswaslaunched.ThentheybegantofeedJillthequestionsandanswers.Aftersomeadjustmentandsufficienttime,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents'questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn'tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwithartificialintelligenceandcouldn'ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn'tinformthemaboutJill'strueidentityuntilApril26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.ThegoalofProfessorGoel'svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallquestionsposedbystudentsontheonlineforum.Thename,JillWatson,willofcourse,changetosomethingelsenextsemester.ProfessorGoelhasamuchrosieroutlookonthefutureofAIthansay,ElonMusk,StephenHawking,BillGatesorSteveWozniak.WhatdowelearnaboutKnowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligenceItisarobotthatcananswerstudents'questions.

Itisacoursedesignedforstudentstolearnonline.Itisahigh-techdevicethatrevolutionizesteaching.Itisacomputerprogramthataidsstudentlearning.WhatproblemdidProfessorGoelmeetwithHisstudentswereunsatisfiedwiththeassistants.Hiscoursewastoodifficultforthestudents.Students'questionsweretoomanytohandle.Toomanystudentsdroppedoutofhiscourse.48.WhatdowelearnaboutJillWatsonA)Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.students.C)Shewasunwelcometostudentsatfirst.experiment.49.48.WhatdowelearnaboutJillWatsonA)Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.students.C)Shewasunwelcometostudentsatfirst.experiment.49.HowdidthestudentsfeelaboutJillWatsonA)Theythoughtshewasabittooartificial.expected.C)Theycouldnotbutadmireherknowledge.person.B)ShegotalongprettywellwithD)ShewasreleasedonlineasanB)TheyfoundhernotascapableasD)TheycouldnottellherfromarealWhatdoesProfessorGoelplantodonextwithJillWatsonLaunchdifferentversionsofheronline.Feedherwithnewquestionsandanswers.Assignhertoanswermoreofstudents'questions.Encouragestudentstointeractwithhermorefreely.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thinkingsmall,beingengaging,andhavingasenseofhumordon'thurt.Thoseareafewofthetraitsofsuccessfulsciencecrowdfundingeffortsthatemergefromarecentstudythatexaminednearly400campaigns.Buthavingalargenetworkandsomepromotionalskillsmaybemorecrucial.Crowdfunding,raisingmoneyforaprojectthroughonlineappeals,hastakenoffinrecentyearsforeverythingfrommakingmoviestobuildingwater-savinggadgets.ScientistshavetriedtotapInternetdonors,too,withmixedsuccess.Someraisedmorethantwicetheirgoal,butothershavefallenshortofreachingmoremodesttargets.Todeterminewhatseparatessciencecrowdfundingtriumphsfromfailures,ateamledbysciencecommunicationsscholarMikeSchaferoftheUniversityofZurichinSwitzerlandexaminedthecontentoftheWebPagesfor371recentcampaigns.Fourtraitsstoodoutforthosethatachievedtheirgoals,theresearchersreportinPublicUnderstandingofScience.Forone,theyuseacrowdfundingplatformthatspecializesinraisingmoneyforscience,andnotjustanykindofproject.AlthoughsiteslikeKickstartertakeallcomers,platformssuchas,,andonlypresentscientificprojects.Foranother,theypresenttheprojectwithafunnyvideobecausegoodvisualsandasenseofhumorimprovedsuccess.Mostofthemengagewithpotentialdonorssinceprojectsthatansweredquestionsfrominteresteddonorsandpostedlabnotesfaredbetter.Andtheytargetasmallamountofmoney.Theprojectsincludedinthestudyraised$4000onaverage,with30%ofprojectsreceivinglessthan$1000.Themoremoneyaprojectsought,thelowerthechanceitreacheditsgoal,theresearchersfound.Otherfactorsmayalsosignificantlyinfluenceaproject'ssuccess,mostnotably,thesizeofascientist'spersonalandprofessionalnetworks,andhowmucharesearcherpromotesaprojectonhisorherown.Thosetwofactorsarebyfarmorecriticalthanthecontentonthepage.Crowdfundingcanbepartofresearchers'effotrstoreachthepublic,andpeoplegivebecause“theyfeelaconnectiontotheperson”whoisdoingthefundraising—notnecessarilytothescience.WhatdowelearnaboutthescientiststryingtoraisemoneyonlinefortheirprojectsTheydidnotraisemuchduetomodesttargets.Theymadeuseofmixedfundraisingstrategies.Notallofthemachievedtheiranticipatedgoals.Mostofthemputmoviesonlineforthepurpose.WhatisthepurposeofMikeSchafer'sresearchofrecentcrowdfundingcampaignsTocreateattractivecontentforsciencewebsites.Toidentifyreasonsfortheirdifferentoutcomes.Tohelpscientiststolaunchinnovativeprojects.Toseparatescienceprojectsfromgeneralones.WhattraitcontributestothesuccessofacrowdfundingcampaignThepotentialbenefittofuturegenerations.B)Itsinteractionwithprospectivedonors.C)Itsoriginalityinaddressingfinancialissues.D)Thevalueoftheproposedproject.WhatdidtheresearchersthinkofthefinancialtargetsofcrowdfundingprojectsA)Theyshouldbesmalltobesuccessful.B)Theyshouldbebasedonactualneeds.C)Theyshouldbeassessedwithgreatcare.D)Theyshouldbeambitioustogainnotice.WhatmotivatespeopletodonateinacrowdfundingcampaignA)Theeaseofaccesstothecontentofthewebpage.Theirdesiretocontributetothecauseofscience.Thesignificanceandinfluenceoftheprojectitself.Theirfeelingofconnectiontothescientiststhemselves.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreethenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Newsreport1NewYorkCitypolicecapturedacowonthelooseinProspectParkonTuesdayaftertheanimalbecameanattractionfortouristswhilewalkingalongthestreetsandenjoyingtheparkfacilities.Theconfusedcreatureandcamera-holdinghumansstaredateachotherthroughafenceforseveralminutes.Atothertimesthecowwanderedaroundthe526-acreparkandtheartificialgrassfieldnormallyusedforhumansportingevents.Officersusesoccergoalstofencetheanimalin.However,thecowthenmovedthroughoneofthenetsknockingdownapoliceofficerintheprocess.Policeeventuallytrappedthecowbetweentwovehiclesparkedoneithersideofabaseballfield'sbencharea.Anofficerthenshotanarrowtoputittosleep.Thenofficerswaitedforthedrugtotakeeffect.Afteritfellasleeptheyloadedthecowintoahorsetrailer.Itwasnotclearwherethecowcamefromorhowitgotlost.Policeturneditovertotheanimalcontroldepartmentaftertheycaughtit.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1:WhathappenedinNewYork'sProspectParkonTuesdayD2:WhatdowelearnaboutthecowfromtheendofthenewsreportDNewsreport2StartingApril28ofthisyear,theNationalMuseumofNaturalHistorywillbeginrenovatingitsfossilhall.Thefossilhall,whichdisplayssomeoftheworld'soldestandlargestfossilspecimens,receivesmorethan2millionvisitorseachyear.It'soneofthemuseum'smostfamousattractions.Asaresult,themuseumplanstoexpandthehall,aswellasaddtoitsancientbirdscollection.Birdlovers,bothyoungandold,havealreadyrespondedwithexcitementatthenews.Themuseum'ssocialmediaaccounthasbeenfloodedwithmessagesofsupport.Inthemeantime,thecurrentcollectionwillbeclosed.However,visitorswillbecompensatedduringtheclosure.Museum'sspecialexhibitionareawillnowbefreeofcharge.Thisweek,theresidentexhibitionisadisplayofancientwallpaintingsonloanfromAustralia.TheycelebratetheculturalheritageofthecountryandwillbeavailabletoviewuntilSunday.Nextweek,theexhibitionwillbetakenoverbytheWildlifePhotographeroftheYearCompetition.Thewinnerofthisyear'scompetitionwillbeawardedapreviewofthenewfossilhall,aswellasacashprize.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.WhatdoesthenewsreportsayaboutthefossilhalloftheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryB4.Whatisondisplaythisweekinthemuseum'sexhibitionhallCNewsreport3SixbirdshavejustbeentrainedtopickuprubbishataFrenchhistoricalthemepark.Accordingtothepark'smanager,Mr.Villiers,thegoalisnotjusttoclearupthepark.Hesaysvisitorsarealreadygoodatkeepingthingsclean.Instead,hewantstoshowthatnatureitselfcanteachustotakecareoftheenvironment.Hesaysthatrooks,thechosenbirds,areconsideredtobeparticularlyintelligent.Intherightcircumstances,theyevenliketocommunicatewithhumansandestablisharelationshipthroughplay.Thebirdswillbeencouragedtocleantheparkthroughtheuseofasmallboxthatdeliversasmallamountofbirdfood.Eachtime,therookdepositsacigaretteendorasmallpieceofrubbish.Sofar,visitorstothethemeparkhavebeenexcitedtoseethebirdsinaction.However,someparentsareconcernedthatitencouragestheirchildrentodroplittersotheycanwatchthebirdstopickitup.Villiersisnotconcernedaboutthiscriticism.Hemaintainsmostofthefeedbackhehasreceivedhasbeenoverwhelminglypositive.Hehopesnowtotrainmorebirds.Questions5-7arebasedonnewsreportyouhavejustheard.5:WhathavesixbirdsbeentrainedtodoataFrenchhistoricalthemeparkA6:WhywererookschosenbytheparkmanagerA7:WhatistheconcernofsomeparentsBSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Conversation1Woman:ThenameoftheTVshowwewishtoproduceisScienceNation.Man:Pleasetellusmore.WhatwillScienceNationbeaboutWoman:Itwillbeaboutscience,allsortsofscience.Eachepisodewillfocusonadifferentareaofscience,andtelluswhatweknow,howweknowit,andwhatwestilldon'tknow.Theshowwillhaveonehostonly,andthiswillbeProfessorSusanPaulfromHarvardUniversity.She'sagreatpublicspeaker.Man:So,justtobeclear,willtheshowitsformatbelikethatofthedocumentaryWoman:Kindof.Itwillbelikeadocumentaryinthesense,thatitwillbenon-fictionandfact-based.However,ourideaisforittobealsofunandentertaining,somethingwhichtraditionaldocumentariesaren'tsomuch.Pleasekeepinmind,thiswillbeanewTVshow,likenothingeverdonebefore.Man:Okay,soitwillbebotheducationalanedntertaining,andyouraudiencewillbeanyoneinterestedinscience,rightWoman:That'scorrect,yes.Man:Right,thankyou.So,Ithinkwe'remoreorlessclearwhattheshowwillbelike.Couldyoupleasetellusnow,whatexactlyyouwantfromusWoman:Yes,ofcourse.Basically,whatweneedfromyouisfinancialsupport.Inordertogoaheadwiththisidea,weneed2milliondollars.Thiswillcoverthecostofmakingall12showsinthefirstseasonforthefirstyear.Iftheshowisasuccess,wecanthenlookatmakingasecondseasonforthefollowingyear.Questions8-11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.WhatdowelearnabouttheTVshowScienceNationCInwhatwaywilltheTVshowScienceNationdifferfromtraditionaldocumentariesCWhowillbetheintendedaudienceoftheTVshowScienceNationAWhatdoesthewomanwantthemantodofortheTVshowBConversation2W:What'supwithyouYoudon'tlookveryhappy.M:IfeellikeI'mafailure.Ican'tseemtodoanythingverywell.W:Iwouldn'tsaythat.Youdoverywellinalotofthings.Thatpresentationyougavelastweekwasexcellent.M:Yes,butIhavethisurgetostriveforperfection.Ireallywanttopushharderandprogressfurther.W:Well,that'sveryadmirable.Butbecareful.Overconcernwithbeingperfectcandamageourconfidenceifweneverachieveit.M:Yes,Iknow.IfeelawfulwheneverImakeamistakeinwhateverI'mtryingtodo.W:Well,thinkaboutit.Youcan'tmakeprogresswithoutmakingmistakesandlearningfromthem.ThomasEdison,thefamousinventor,oncesaid"I'venotfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon'twork."M:Youmaywellberight.IguessIshouldrecognizemymistakesandlearnthelessontheyteachmeandmoveforward.W:Also,rememberasuccessfulendingisnottheonlythingworthyofacelebration.Youneedtorecognizeeachstepofprogressyoutaketowardsachievingyourgoals.Andnomatterhowtinyitis,it'sstillgoodnews.M:IalwaysfeeldownwhenIseeothers