2023届高考英语一轮复习：状语从句精品讲义

状语从句状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词形容词或副词。状语从句放主句之前，通常用逗号隔开；放在主句之后则不用。状语从句按照其意义和作用可分为时间，条件，原因，让步，目的，结果，方式，比较，地点共9种。时间状语从句时间状语从句一般不用将来时，如果主句为将来，我们用一般现在时来代替。表示一。。。就。。。的句型有assoonas,themoment(theyear,theday,theminute)immediately(instantly,directly)hardly…when,nosooner…than其中hardly…when,nosooner…than句型注意1：时态常为：主句过去完成时从句一般过去时注意2：倒装现象其他表示一。。。就。。。的结构还有Ondoingatthesight/sound/thoughtofsince引导的从句注意1：从句中的动词若为短暂性动词意为做什么已经有一段时间了从句中的动词若为延续性动词意为不做什么已经有一段时间了注意2：常用句型为it’s时间段since过去时间点或者ithasbeen时间段since过去时间点thefirsttime;thelasttime;lasttime;nexttime;everytime/eachtime;anytime*区别Itis（was）thefirsttimethat…have（had）done

Thefirsttimesbdidsth,…didForthe1sttime,….Bythetime+不同时态的时间点，主句的时态为不同时态的完成时6.before请熟记以下句型*Itwillbe/was…beforesbdoes/didsth…“还要过多久才……”

Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.

*Itwon’tbe/wasnot…beforesbdoes/didsth…“不多久就…”

Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.

*AhaddonesthbeforeBcoulddo还没来得及。。。就。。。BeforeIcouldgetinaword,he（had）measuredme.注意：若两个动作时间差不大也可用一般过去时*sbhad(already)donesthbeforesbdidsth已经。。。才。。。ThetrainhadalreadypulledoffbeforeIarrived.7.As*当。。。的时候对动词要求不强延续非延续都可以AsIexpressedmythanks,sheheldmyhandfirmly.*在某事发生的过程中，另一事情发生常用As(When/While)sthwasdoing，sthhappened.正。。。突然。。。Ps:此时的do为延续性的动词。如不是主从句都用一般过去时*意思为“随着”。注意：与独立主格或非谓语结构的转换AsthewealthofChinaincreases,morewastewillbeproduced.=WiththewealthofChinadeveloping,morewastewillbeproduced.*还可表示一边。。。一边。。。8.when=1\*GB3①When的用途比较广泛但也用比较典型的句型*Awasdoingsth,whensthhappened.正。。突然。注意：halfway/onthewaytodo,when…*Awasabouttodosth,whensthhappened.正要。。。突然。。。*Awasonthepointofdoingsth,whensthhappened.正要。。。突然。。。*Ahad(just)donesth,whensthhappened.刚。。。。，就。。。=2\*GB3②When表既然鉴于如果Ican’ttellyou,whenyouwon’tlisten.

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?9.while*引导的从句只能与延续性动词或be动词连用表示当。。。，趁着。。。*一般或现在情况Makehay,whilethesunshines.Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.*将来情况从句部分用一般现在时或现在进行时Whileyouarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?*过去情况=1\*GB3①主从句都用一般过去时Alettercame,whileyouwereill.=2\*GB3②主从句都用过去进行时意为“与此同时”强调两个动作同时发生Thekidswerehavingfuninthegarden,whiletheirmumswerepreparingfood.=3\*GB3③从句用过去进行时主句用一般过去时。表示“正。。。突然。。。”As(When/While)sthwasdoing，sthhappened.WhileIwaswonderingwhatwashappening,thecarrushedintothesideway.*while还可以表对比10.till,until和not…until：

*until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，Wewaiteduntil/tillhecame.*用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。Hewon’tgotobeduntilshereturns.*till不可以置于句首，而until可以。

UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.

*notuntil句型与其他句型结合Ididn’tgotosleepuntilhecameback.=1\*GB3①与强调句型结合

ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIwenttosleep.

=2\*GB3②与倒装句式结合

NotuntilhecamebackdidIgotosleep.

例如：Whendidyougetthere?itwas9:00whenIgotthere.B.itwasat9:00thatIgotthere.Itwashismothercameintopreparehislessons.

A.notuntil；didtheboybegin

B.until；thattheboybegan

C.until；didtheboybegin

D.notuntil；thattheboybegan练习1.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_______itisneeded.A.unlessB.sinceC.although D.when2.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.whereC.which D.when3.－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?

－Yes.Igaveittoher___Isawher.

A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once

4.Ithoughtherniceandhonest______Imether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttime

C.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

5.IcouldnotlearnEnglishwell_____hegavemesomegoodadvice.

A.until B.as C.since D.if6._____wegrowolder,wegrowwiser.

A.With B.Since C.While D.As7.－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?

－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.

A.after B.unlessC.until D.when8.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity__hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.Until9.Itwasnot____shetookoffherdarkglasses____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then

10.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howseriousthepollutionwas.

A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized

C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize让步状语从句1.Although（句首）和though（句首，句中皆可）2.不可搭配but但可与yet或still连用3.eventhough/evenif尽管即使4.whether(…)ornot/whether…or…/nomatterwhether不管5.wh-ever=nomatterwh注意:名词性从句里的wh-ever结构不可以与nomatterwh结构互换。6.as、though引导让步状语从句，要把状语表语动词置首倒装MuchasIhavetraveled，Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.（1）如果表语为单数可数名词，这个名词不带冠词Childasheis，heknowsalot.(2)如果句中谓语包含情态动词或助动词，则将实意动词放在as之前TryasImight，Icouldn'tliftthestone.（3）如果句中谓语仅有实意动词，则将实意动词(原形)放在as之前，并在主语后面加助动词do,does,did或will。Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.7.while置于句首表让步WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.8.Though可以做副词放在句末，其他不行练习1.Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelpthereishumansuffering.A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever

2.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Iwillbuyit，.

A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycost

C.howevermuchitmaycostD.howmayitcost

3.Theoldtowermustbesaved，thecost.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever4._____difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.

A.NomatterB.NowonderC.Though D.However

5.Maryhadpromisedtogivemeaticketfortomorrow.Shefailed,_____.

A.either B.though C.butD.Too

6.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,_____.

A.hisworksisnotwidelyread

B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread

D.yethisworksarenotwidelyread7.________herfaults,she’sArnold’smother.Don’tbesorudetoher.WhateverB.WhatC.WhicheverD.Whenever8._______thepunishmentwasunjust,heaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.A.SolongasB.EventhoughC.Since D.While9._____thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.A.WhileB.AsC.Since D.Because10.MrZhangismildincharacter.Henevershouts____heisveryangry.A.ifB.evenC.though D.evenwhen11.Wewillnotgiveup_____weshallfailtentimes.

A.evenifB.since C.whether D.Until12.manytimes，buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold

地点状语从句where/wherever1.区别：Gowherethere’sfood.地点状语从句Gototheplacewherethereisfood.定语从句That’swherewedisagreewitheachother.表语从句注意1：请试比较Thelibraryisbuiltatwhatusedtobeawasteland.名从注意2：定语从句中的where可以用prep.+which的结构替换，而状语从句不能Hesaidhewashappywherehewas.处境，境况

It’smyfaultthatsheiswheresheis.地步

3.抽象含义

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Whereverthereissmoke,thereisafire.1.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_______youcanfindthemagain.A.WhenB.whereC.then D.which2.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark___youhaveanyquestions.A.atwhichB.atwhereC.theplacewhere D.where3.Waterpowerstationarebuiltbigwaterfalls.

A.wherethereareB.wheretherehaveC.whichhasD.whichare

目的状语从句sothat/inorderthat引导目的状语从句,常用情态动词may(might)/can(could)/shall（should）、will（would）等连用.(只能位于句子后半部)

Cf.Iraisedmyvoicesothateveryonecouldhearme.（目的状语从句）Mywifedoesn’tlikethenoise，sothatwemovedtothecountryside.（结果状语从句）注意与不定式的转换soasto/inorderto注意soasto不可放句首incase+真实条件句以防forfearthat/lest+虚拟条件句唯恐结果状语从句So/sothat/so…that/such…that

Iraisedmyvoice,sothateveryoneheardme.

Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.

Shetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatweallforgotthetime.1.so…that的so后面跟形容词或副词;such在主句中修饰名词（可数名词单数，可数名词复数和不可数名词）注意1：修饰可数名词单数时sucha/an…that可转换为so+形容词+a/an+名词单数+that结构。例句：1．Sheissuchagoodteacherthatallherstudentsloveherverymuch.

2．Sheissogoodateacherthatallhercolleaguesliketotalkwithher.

注意2：在名词前有many,much,few,little(少)时，只能用so…that结构，

例句：1．TherearesomanythingstobedonethatIfindnotimetogotothecinema.

2．Shegotsolittleeducationthatshecouldhardlydoasimplemathsproblem.

注意3常考查的情况so，such置首倒装的情况注意4so引导的结果状语从句，最好不要放在句首。Thedestinationwassettled.Soeveryonesetoff.x注意5结果状语从句so…that/such…that与定语从句的区别状语从句中that不做从句成分Sheissuchagoodteacherthatallherstudentsloveherverymuch.

Sheissuchagoodteacherasallherstudentslovexverymuch.

1.Rosesneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.

A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.As2.Hehaslittleeducationheisunabletofindajob.

A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and

比较状语从句基本结构as…asnotso…asthesameassuch…asthan

其他句型

1.Aistobwhatcistod

2.The比较级，the比较级

3.区别not比较级…Than

no比较级…ThanI'mnobetterthanyou.Ifailedtheexam,too.

4.JohnlikesHenrymorethanI.

JohnlikesHenrymorethanme.5.倍数表达法他们的房子是我们的两倍.Theirroomistwicebiggerthanours.Theirroomistwiceasbigasours.Theirroomistwicethesizeofours.(length/height/weight/width)Theirroomistwicewhatoursis.Thesizeoftheirroomistwicethatofours.

1.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.

A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；asexpensive

C.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive

2.Theseplanescanflythantheoldones.

A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfast

C.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster

方式状语从句（just）asMayeverythingprocessasyouwish.thewayIwantmychildtobetreatedbyothersthewayItreatedtheirs.asif(though)+真实或虚拟条件句

注意：asitis=actually/infact1.Theactorisoverfifty.Butheactsasifhe_____ayoungman.

A.isB.willbe

C.shouldbeD.were2.Itseemsasifit____alreadysummernow.

A.wereB.beC.isD.hadbeen

原因状语从句Because位置自由语气强唯一可用于强调句的=dueto/owingto/….thefactthatSince常前“既然”

As前/后皆可但通常前语气弱已知事实Nowthat前语气弱“既然”

Consideringthat前“考虑到”

Seeingthat前“考虑到”

Inthat后“原因是”

For后前方必须有逗号，“其理由是”注意：When也可表既然

Ican’ttellyou,whenyouwon’tlisten.

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?1.____you’regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.A.NowthatB.AfterC.Although D.AssoonasHecan'thavegoneout,thelightisstillon.

A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for3.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary______ithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.

A.soB.howeverC.thereforeD.inthat

条件状语从句If/unless=ifnot/as(so)longas/onconditionthat/once/

Providing，provided（that）/supposing，supposed（that）、given（that）注意：When也可引导条件状语从句提示：同时间状语从句一样条件状语从句也不用将来时if引导的条件状语从句,表示与事实相反的条件和结果时的时态变化

1)与现在事实相反：

If从句were、V-ed,主句should(would，could,might)+V原

2)与过去事实相反：

If从句hadVed,主句should(would，could,might)+haveVed

3)与将来事实相反：

If从句did，should，weretodo，主句should(would，could,might)提示：这种句型还会以倒装的形式或者隐含的条件出现1.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthere_____nolightduringthenight?

A.isB.willbe

C.wereD.wouldbe2._____latetomorrow,whowouldtakeherplace?

A.ShouldMissGreencomeB.IfMissGreenwouldcome

C.MissGreenshouldcomeD.IfMissGreencomes3．_____it_____,thecrops_____besaved.

A.Had;rained;couldB.Should;rain;would

C.If;rains;shouldD.Would;rain;should

4.Sheshouldhaveattendedtheclass,butshe_____.

A.hadn’tB.hasn’tC.didn’tD.doesn’t

5._______Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.Eventhough B.UnlessC.Aslongas D.while6._______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthed