【中考模拟】 北京市昌平区中考英语二模试卷与答案与详细解析

试卷第=page2828页，总=sectionpages2929页试卷第=page2929页，总=sectionpages2929页北京市昌平区中考英语二模试卷一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项

1.OurEnglishteacher，MissZhang，isgoodattellingjokes．Wealllike_________．A.him B.it C.her D.you

2.﹣WhenistheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear？

﹣It's________June25th．A.in B.on C.at D.of

3.﹣Jennifer，________makesyousounhappy？

﹣Ican'tgooutsideorplaywithmyfriends．A.what B.where C.when D.who

4.﹣Mom，________Iwashmyhandsaftercomingbackfromoutside？

﹣Yes，youmust．It'sgoodforyou．A.should B.can C.must D.need

5.YoumustspendsometimereadingEnglisheveryday，________yourEnglishwillfallbehind．A.for B.but C.and D.or

6.Mikeisgrowingfast．Nowheiseven_______thanhisfather．A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest

7.Frankgoestoschoolearlyeveryday．Healways_________theclassroomforus．A.cleans B.clean C.cleaned D.iscleaning

8.Iamalittleheavierthan6monthsago．I________exercisessinceJanuary．A.didn'tdo B.haven'tdone

C.amnotdoing D.won'tdo

9.﹣Bequietandtrynottomakeanynoise．Yourbrother________onlineclassnow．

﹣OK，Mom!A.has B.had C.ishaving D.washaving

10.﹣Wheredidyougoduringtheweekend？

﹣I________athomeandwatchedNewWorldonmyiPad．Itwasreallyexciting!A.stay B.willstay C.stays D.stayed

11.Alotofvegetables________toWuhanduringthe2020SpringFestival．A.weresent B.sent C.issent D.send

12.﹣Excuseme，couldyoutellme_________？

﹣It'shardtosaynow．Itwon'treopenuntilit'ssafeforustogettogether．A.whenthecinemawillreopenB.whendidthecinemareopenC.whenwillthecinemareopenD.whenthecinemareopened二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．

The

BreadLesson

I've

beenfeelingstressedoutsinceIfoundoutIwasn'tabletoentertheswimteam．NowI'llhaveto（1）_______forawholeyeartotryoutagain;

thatmightaswellbeamillionyears．

I

thinkDadknewIwasfeeling（2）_______．Heaskedmehowthingsweregoing．IsaidOK,

eventhoughIdidn'tfeelOKatall．Helookedatmeforamoment,

andthenhesaiditwastimeformetohelp．

Dad

headedtothekitchenandtookouthislargemixingbowlandtoldmetostir（搅拌）whilehewas（3）_______thematerials．Hethrewinalargehandfulofflour（面粉）．Hethenputsaltintothebowl．Dadisn'tbigonmeasuring．Heknowsexactlyhowmuchofeachthingtousewithoutthinking,

andthebreadalwaysturnsoutgreat．

Afterwemixedeverythingandmadeadough（生面团）,

wewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlydoubleinsize．Next,

wedeflated（放气）therisendough．Wedivideditintotwoandwaitedforitto（4）_______again．Afterward,

weputthedoughintopansandwaitedanotherhourforthedoughtodoubleonelasttime．Dadsaidthewaitingwasalwaysthehardestpartbecauseofthesharp,

sweetsmellcomingfromtheyeast．"Youcan'thelpputtingthedough（5）_______intotheoven,

butifyoudo,

thebreadwillbesmallandhard．Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobe（6）_______,

"Dadexplained．

Whilewewaited,

wesatandtalked．Itfeltgoodtoopenupandshareour（7）_______．IstartedenjoyingthequiettimewithDad．Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,

butIthinkIlearnedtoappreciatetheslowpassingoftime．Ilearnedto（8）_______andletthebreadrise．

（1）A.rest B.wait C.search D.race（2）A.safe B.stupid C.serious D.stressful（3）A.adding B.counting C.tasting D.touching（4）A.dry B.rise C.soften D.change（5）A.carefully B.cleverly C.directly D.successfully（6）A.honest B.patient C.helpful D.creative（7）A.mistakes B.backgrounds

C.dreams D.thoughts

（8）A.relax B.train C.imagine D.compete三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．

Doyouwanttostudyataforeignuniversity?

Thefollowingsmaygiveyousomeideas．HarvardUniversity

It

isanAmericanprivateresearchuniversityinCambridge,

Massachusetts,

Itshistory,

highstandardofeducation,

researchinfluence,

andwealthhavemadeitoneofthemostrespecteduniversitiesintheworld．Ithasproduced49Nobelwinners,

32headsofstateand48PulitzerPrizewinners．

Set

up:

in1636

OfficialWebsite:

http://www．harvard．edu/UniversityofVienna

It

isinVienna,

Austria．It'soneoftheoldestuniversitiesintheworld,

andoneofthemostrespectedamongtheGerman﹣speakingpeoples．Overitssix﹣and﹣a﹣half﹣centuryhistory,

ithasgrownlargeenoughtoserve94,

000students,

aboutathirdofwhomareinternationalstudentsfromover140differentnations．

Set

up:

in1365

OfficialWebsite:

https:

∥www．univie．ac．at/en/UniversityofToronto

It

isaworldleaderinhighereducationandresearch,

inToronto,

Ontario,

Canada．Studentscanchoosefrommorethan980programsforuniversitydegreesandabovespreadoverthreedifferentschoolyards．

Set

up:

in1827

OfficialWebsite:

https:

∥www．utoronto．ca/ImperialCollegeLondon

It

isapublicresearchuniversityintheUnitedKingdom,

specializingengineering,

medicineandbusiness．ItusedtobepartofthefederalUniversityofLondon．ItismadeupofmanyschoolyardsinandaroundLondon．

Set

up:

in1907

OfficialWebsite:

http://www．imperial．ac．uk/

（1）UniversityofTorontoisin________．A.Cambridge B.Vienna C.Ontario D.London．（2）Ifyouwanttovisittheoldestuniversityinfour，youshouldchoose________．A.HarvardUniversity B.ImperialCollegeLondon

C.UniversityofToronto D.UniversityofVienna．

（3）HowmanyNobelwinnershasHarvardproduced？________A.32． B.48． C.49． D.140．

RyanHrejacisakidwhois15andlivesinCanada．Withouthishelp,

hundredsofwellsthatnowprovidefreshwaterforpeopleinAfrica,

CentralAmerica,

andIndiamightneverhavebeenbuilt．Hetravelstheworldtotellpeoplehowtheycanhelpsolveabigproblem:

theneedofsafedrinkingwaterinmanydevelopingcountries．

"Everybodycandosomething,

"Ryansays．

Ryan'seffortsdidn'tbegininafar﹣offplace,

though,

butrightathomeinKemptvlle,

Ontario．In1998,

whenhewas6yearsold,

RyanlearnedfromhisteacherthatchildreninAfricaoftenmustwalkmileseachdaytofindwater．Histeachersaidthatsomeofthechildrenevendiedfromdrinkingbadwater．

So

Ryandecidedtotakeaction．Hedidhouseworkforhisparentsandforneighborstomakesomemoney．Hespoketoschools,

churches,

clubsabouthisidea．Thewordspread,

anddonations（捐献）begancomingin．Afterseveralmonthsofhardwork,

Ryanhadraised﹩2,

000,

enoughtodigonewell．

An

organizationcalledCanadianPhysiciansforAidandRelief（CPAR）choseaplaceforthewellinthevillageofAgweo,

inUganda,

easternAfrica．

Afterthefirstwellwasbuilt,

"therippleeffecttookover,

"Ryansaid,

"andonegoalledtoanother．"

He

foundedRyan'sWellFoundation（基金会）fouryearsagotoeducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofwaterandhelpmorepeoplegetcleanwaterwithothers'help．Nowthefoundationhasraisedmorethan﹩1.5millionandbuilt255wellsthatcouldservemorethan427,

000peoplein12countries．

Its

websitelistssomeofthefamouspeopleRyanhasmetandthehonorshehasreceived．

Ryan

isn'tbragging（吹噓）．"ThebestpeopleI'vemetaretheotherkidswhowanttohelp,

too．"hesaid．"TheonlyreasonIaccepthonorsisthateachwordIsaywhenIgetonemighthelponemoreperson．"

（1）WhatproblemdoesRyanwanttosolve？________A.Thepoorconditionofschools．B.Theinfluenceofwaronchildren．C.Theillnesscausedbypollution．D.Theneedofsafedrinkingwater．．（2）Ryanhimselfraisedmoneyby________．A.startingawebsitetogetdonationsB.creatinganeducationalorganizationC.doinghouseworkandintroducinghisideaD.travellingtoavillageacrosstheworld．（3）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？________A.AnOrganizationofSavingWaterB.AGoaltoHelpAfricanPeopleC.ABoyWhoMakesaDifferenceD.AWellThatBroughtPeopleTogether．

We

haverecentlyheardsomeinterestingwaysthat5Gtechnologymightchangeourlivesinthefuture．5Gpromisesinternetspeedsbetween50to100timesfasterthanthepresent4Gsystems．Thetechnologyisalsobuilttodealwithmanymoreuserswithoutslowingservicesdown．Suchimprovementsaresuretobepopularfor5Gusersworldwide．

While5GissettostartinsomelimitedareasoftheUnitedStatesthisyear,

muchoftherestoftheworldisnotexpectedtoreceivesuchservicewidelyuntil2023．

One

projectcalled5GRuralFirstinBritain,

though,

isalreadytestingthissuperfasttechnology,

butnotonhumans．Instead,

theexperimentinvolvesanunlikelygroupofinternetusers﹣cows．Thesystemconnectstheanimalsto5Ginanefforttoautomate（自动化）themilkingprocess．

TestingareasaresetupatfarmsinthreecountriesofEngland．Thecowsarefittedwith5Gdevices（装置）thatconnecttoaroboticmilkingsystem．Thesystemusessensors（传感器）andmachinelearningtofullyautomatetheprocess．Systemdesignerssaytechnologytakesoverafteracowfeelsreadytobemilkedandwalkstowardanautomaticgate．Thedeviceisdesignedtorecognizeeachcow．Itthensetsmachinetotherightheightformilking．Duringtheprocess,

machinesgivefoodtothecowinreturn．

In

oneofthetestareas,

about50ofthefarm's180cowsarefittedwith5Gsmartdevicesandhealth﹣watchingsensors．Projectofficialssaythedevicesdonotharmthecowsandthesensorsallowfarmerstoimmediatelydiscoveranyproblemssuchashealthproblems．

Othertechnologytoolspoweringthe5Gsmartfarmsincludeautomatedbrushesthatturnonwhenthecowtouchesthem．Sensorsalsocontrolthesupplyoflightinthecows'livingareasdependingontheweather．Andanautomaticfeedingsystemmakessuretheanimalsalwaysgetenoughtoeat．

Nick

Chrissosworksontheproject．Hesaidthesystemcanconnecteverycow,

andeveryotheranimalonthewholefarm．"That'swhat5Gcandoforfarming﹣reallyfreethepowerthatwehavewithinthisfarm,

everywherearoundtheUnitedKingdom,

andeverywherearoundtheworld．"

（1）What'sParagraph4mainlyabout？________A.Howthesystemautomatesthemilkingprocess．B.Howthetechnologyknowswhentomilkcows．C.Howthedesignersconnect5Gdevicestocows．D.Howthetestingareasweresetupinthecountries．．（2）Accordingtothepassage，5Gsmartfarms________．A.effecthugechangesontheanimalsB.improvethecowoperationsinmanywaysC.maketheinternetspeedslowdowngreatlyD.testthetechnologyonbothcowsandpeople．（3）What'sNickChrissos'attitudetowardsthe5Gtechnology？________A.Worried． B.Hopeful． C.Surprised． D.Doubtful．

Have

youevergonetoafast﹣foodrestauranttoeatandgottenakid'smealthatcamewithatoy?

Sometimesthosemealshavedifferenttoysforboysandgirls,

maybeatruckfortheboysandatoybearforthegirls．Whodecidesthatboysliketoplaywithtrucksandgirlsliketoplaywithstuffedanimals?

Iknowmanyboyswholikestuffedanimalsandlotsofgirlswhoplaywithtrucks．Whenwedecidewhatsomeonewilllikeorhowtheywillactjustbecausetheyareboysorgirls,

wearestereotyping（形成模式化观念）．

A

stereotypeisagroupthatweputpeopleinto．Ourhumanbrainsdothisallthetime;

it'soneofthewaysthatourbrainhaslearnedtodealwiththeworld．Weseesomeoneandputthatpersonintoagroup．Forexample,

theoldortheyoung,

aboyoragirl．Isthatabadthing?

No,

it'snot．

One

advantageofastereotypeisthatitenablesustodealwithsituationsrapidlybecausewemayhavehadasimilarexperiencebefore．Theuseofstereotypesisamajorwayinwhichwesimplifyoursocialworld;

sincetheycutdowntheamountofprocessing（i．e．thinking）wehavetodowhenwemeetanewperson．

Althoughgroupingitselfisn'tbad,

itcanbeharmfulsometimes．Itmakesus________differencesbetweeneachsingleperson,

thatis,

weusuallythinkallthepeopleinonegrouparethesamebutthatmightnotbetrue．

When

westereotype,

wethinkofagroupandgiveeveryoneinthatgroupcertaincharacteristics．Forexample,

thefastfoodrestaurantbelievedthatallboysliketoplaywithvehiclesandallgirlsprefertoyanimals．Theydidthatbasedonlyonwhethertheywereboysorgirls．

Stereotypesareproblemswhenbeliefsthatpeoplehaveaboutgroupsarenotnecessarilytrue．Haveyoueverheardanyonesaythat"Menarebetterdriversthanwomen"?

Statementslikethistakeagroupofpeopleandgiveallofthemthesamebehaviorsorcharacteristics．Iknowmenwhoaregooddrivers,

andIknowwomenwhoaregooddrivers．It'snotfairtojudgeallpeopleinagroupbyastereotype．Weneedtorememberthateveryoneinthegroupisanindividualwhohasdifferentabilities,

interests,

strengthsandbehaviors．

（1）Theexampleofdifferenttoysforboysandgirlsismentionedtoshowthat________．A.boysandgirlspreferdifferenttoysB.boysandgirlsaretreatedunfairlyC.peoplesometimesmixchildren'slikesD.peoplehavefixedideasonthings．（2）Whichofthefollowingstereotypesisuseful？________A.Makingfriendsbyhisappearance．B.Boysdobetterinsciencethangirls．C.Youtheasilydounreasonablethings．D.Redsignsontheroadwarnusofdanger．．（3）Theunderlinedword"________"inParagraph4probablymeans________．A.failtonotice B.failtotrust

C.failtosearch D.failtoface．

（4）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusaboutstereotyping？________A.Stereotypingislikeacoinwhichhastwosides．B.Ithelpsourbrainlearntodealwithsimilarsituations．C.Judgingpeoplebystereotypingthemmakesthingshard．D.Tryingtolearnaboutandformsomekindsofthemstereotypes．四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．

InEngland，peoplebuybusticketsonthebus．InFrance，theybuythematabusstation．InAustralia，theycanbuythemfromamagazinestore．Booksoncross﹣culturalcommunicationmakeuscuriousbyfocusingondifferencesbetweenpeopleacrosstheworld：insocialbehaviorandtheimportanceoftheirbodylanguage，etc．

Forexample，howcloseyoustandtosomeonewhenyouarespeakingtohimisdifferentindifferentcultures．Surveysinmostcountriestellusthattheproperdistance（距离）oftwopeoplestandinginasocialsituationisbetween1．2metresand3.5metres．ButinChina，thisdistanceseemstobesmaller，whileinSweden，peopleusuallystandfarther．

Themessagesentbythewayyoustandorsitisanothercondition．Forexample，itisquitecommoninEuropeancountriestositwithyourlegscrossed．ButpeopleinArabcountrieshardlyeversitinthisway﹣becausetheymightshowyouthebottomoftheirshoes，anditisthoughttobeimpolite．

Suchinformationfillsthepagesofguidesfortravellersandinternationalbusinesspeople．Clearlyitisimportanttoknowalittleabouteatingcustomsandtherulesaboutbasicgreetings﹣whetheryoushouldboworshakesomeone'shands．Butunderthesurface，wearenotsodifferent．Therearemanysignsthatarecommonintheemotions（情感）thattheycommunicate．

Smilingisthebestknownofthese，butnottheonlyone．Scientistshaveproventhatallovertheworld，peopleshowsadnessinasimilarway．Peoplelookdownwiththeirface"falling"andmouthcornerturningdown．Therearealsocommonfactorswhenpeoplearebored．Theywilllookatotherthingsinandistracted（漫不经心的）way﹣﹣theirwatches，forexample．Theirfeetwillbegintomoverestlesslyshowingthattheywanttoescape．

Understandingthesebodylanguagesandactingproperlyistherealkeytocross﹣culturalcommunication．Ifweallpayjustalittleattention，itisimpossiblethatwewillcauselastinginconveniencebyusingthewrongbodylanguageorstandingtooneartostrangersandthenmakethemfeeluncomfortable．

（1）WheredopeopleinEnglandbuybustickets？________

（2）Whatistheproperdistanceoftwopeoplestandinginmostcountries？________

（3）WhydopeopleinArabcountrieshardlysitwiththeirlegscrossed？________

（4）Howdopeoplearoundtheworldshowsadnessinasimilarway？________

（5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？

________五、文段表达请从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．

日前长城再次因为被乱涂乱画（scribbling）成为热点话题．针对这一现象，你们学校开展了宣传保护古迹的演讲比赛，假如你是李华，你们班交换生Jack询问你关于比赛的情况，请你写一封回信，告诉他演讲比赛什么时候举行，并分享你关于演讲的想法．

提示词语：harmful，history，culture，volunteer，famoussights

提示问题：

●Whenwillweholdthespeech？

●WhatwouldyouliketosharewithJackaboutmakingthespeech？

DearJack，

I'mgladtoreceiveyourletter．

_____________．

IfthereisanythingmorethatIcanhelpwith，pleaseletmeknow．

Yours，

LiHua

"只有身体好才能学习好、工作好，才能均衡地发展"﹣﹣周恩来．

此次新冠疫情爆发（coronavirusoutbreak）虽然限制了我们的活动范围，但是我们还要坚持日常锻炼的习惯．请你谈谈在疫情影响下锻炼身体的重要性，以及我们在家如何进行锻炼．

提示词语：keephealthy，fightagainst，gymnastics，push﹣up，sit﹣up．

提示问题：

●Whydoweneedtodoexercisesduringthecoronavirusoutbreak？

●Howdowedoexercisesathome？

Withoutenoughexercises，wecan'thaveahappylife．_____________．

参考答案与试题解析北京市昌平区中考英语二模试卷一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项1.【答案】C【考点】人称代词【解析】我们的英语老师张老师很擅长讲笑话．我们都喜欢她．【解答】him他；it它；her她；you你/你们．分析句子可知，此处用于动词后作宾语，指前句提到的MissZhang，女性，所以用表示女性的人称代词的宾格形式．

故选：C．2.【答案】B【考点】时间介词【解析】﹣﹣今年的端午节是什么时候？

﹣﹣6月25日．【解答】in用在某年、某月或季节的前面；on用在星期几或具体某一天的前面；at用在某一时刻的前面；of……的．根据句意和答句可知，6月25日是具体的一天，所以前面用介词on，

故选：B．3.【答案】A【考点】疑问代词【解析】﹣﹣Jennifer，什么事让你这么不开心？

﹣﹣我不能出去或者和我的朋友们一起玩．【解答】what什么；where在哪里；when什么时候；who谁．句中缺少主语，排除B．C；根据对话的语境以及下面的回答可知，这里问的是让Jennifer不开心的事是什么，

故选：A．4.【答案】C【考点】情态动词【解析】﹣﹣妈妈，我从外面回来后必须洗手吗？

﹣﹣是的，你必须洗．这对你有好处．【解答】should应该；can能，会；must必须；need需要．根据下面的回答"Yes，youmust"可知，这里应用must，表示"必须"．

故选：C．5.【答案】D【考点】连词辨析【解析】你必须每天花费一些时间读英语，否则你的英语会落下．【解答】for为了，是介词；but但是，表示转折；and和，而且，表示并列；or否则．根据句意可知，这里表示"否则就会……"，应用or连接．

故选：D．6.【答案】B【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级【解析】Mike长得很快．现在他甚至比他的父亲还要更高．【解答】tall高的；taller比较级形式；tallest最高级，最高的；thetallest形容词最高级前常用定冠词the．根据句意和句中的than可知，这里表示两者相比，应用比较级．

故选：B．7.【答案】A【考点】动词的第三人称单数【解析】Frank每天很早去上学．他总是给我们打扫教室．【解答】cleans打扫，动词第三人称单数形式；clean是动词原形；cleaned一般过去时态；iscleaning现在进行时．根据句意和句中的always可知，这里介绍的是经常性的事情，应用一般现在时态；主语He是第三人称单数，

故选：A．8.【答案】B【考点】现在完成时【解析】我比六个月之前更重了一点．自从一月份以来我就没有锻炼．【解答】考查动词时态．didn'tdo没有做，一般过去时；haven'tdone没有做，现在完成时；amnotdoing现在进行时；won'tdo一般将来时．根据句意和句中的sinceJanuary可知，这句话应用现在完成时态，

故选：B．9.【答案】C【考点】现在进行时【解析】﹣﹣安静点，不要发出任何噪音．你的哥哥现在正在上网课．

﹣﹣好的，妈妈．【解答】has上课，动词第三人称单数形式；had是have的过去式；ishaving现在进行时；washaving过去进行时．根据语境可知，这里表示正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时．

故选：C．10.【答案】D【考点】一般过去时【解析】﹣﹣你周末去哪儿了？

﹣﹣我待在家用iPad看了《新世界》．它真的很刺激．【解答】stay一般现在时，动词原形；willstay一般将来时；stays一般现在时，动词三单；stayed一般过去时．根据上文是对过去提问，可知此处用一般过去时，

故选：D．11.【答案】A【考点】一般过去时的被动语态【解析】在2020春节期间，很多蔬菜被送到了武汉．【解答】weresent一般过去时被动语态；sent是send的过去式或过去分词形式；issent一般现在时的被动语态；send送，寄，动词原形．根据句意可知，主语Alotofvegetables与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，排除B和D；根据时间状语duringthe2020SpringFestival可知，这里说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时态．主语是复数形式，C不对．

故选：A．12.【答案】A【考点】宾语从句【解析】﹣﹣打扰一下，你能告诉我电影院什么时候重开吗？

﹣﹣现在还很难说．直到我们能安全地聚会，它才会重新开放．【解答】根据题干，可知考查宾语从句．宾语从句要使用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词，所以选项B和C语序错误，排除掉．根据句意，结合语境可知电影院现在还没有重开，所以这是提问的将来的情况，时态应该用一般将来时，

故选：A．二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．【答案】BDABCBDA【考点】记叙文完形记叙文阅读【解析】这篇短文讲述的是"我"没有进入游泳队，再次尝试还需要等一年的时间，我感到有压力．"我"的爸爸通过和我一起制作面包，告诉了"我"耐心的重要性．【解答】（1）B考查动词辨析及语境．rest休息；wait等，等待；search搜索，搜寻；race比赛，竞赛．根据上文"I'vebeenfeelingstressedoutsinceIfoundoutIwasn'tabletoentertheswimteam．"可知，"我"没有进入游泳队；再根据句中tryoutagain可知，需要再等一年的时间再次去尝试．句意：现在我要等整整一年才能再试一次．故选B．（2）D考查形容词辨析及语境．safe安全的；stupid愚蠢的；serious严肃的；stressful有压力的．根据短文开头"I'vebeenfeelingstressedoutsinceIfoundoutIwasn'tabletoentertheswimteam．"可知，"我"没有进入游泳队，感到很有压力．句意：我想爸爸知道我感到压力很大．故选D．（3）A考查动词辨析及语境．adding增加；counting数数；tasting品尝；touching触摸．根据下文"Hethrewinalargehandfulofflour（面粉）．Hethenputsaltintothebowl．"可知，爸爸往碗里加东西．句意：爸爸走向厨房，拿出他的大碗，让我在他加材料时搅拌．故选A．（4）B考查动词辨析及语境．dry弄干；rise上升；发酵；soften变软；change改变．根据上文"wewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlydoubleinsize．"可知，做好了面团之后，我们等着它发酵，结合文末"letthebreadrise"可知用rise符合题意．句意：我们把它分成两部分，等待它再次发酵．故选B．（5）C考查副词辨析及语境．carefully仔细地，认真地；cleverly聪明地；directly直接地；successfully成功地．根据文意和生活常识可知，制作面包时，要耐心等待面团发酵，如果直接放进烤箱，那么面包就会又小又硬．C选项符合语境，句意：你忍不住把面团直接放进烤箱，但是如果你这样做，面包会又小又硬．故选C．（6）B考查形容词辨析及语境．honest诚实的；patient耐心的；helpful有帮助的；creative有创造力的．根据上文"wewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlydoubleinsize．Next，wedeflated（放气）therisendough．Wedivideditintotwoandwaitedforittoagain．Afterward，weputthedoughintopansandwaitedanotherhourforthedoughtodoubleonelasttime．Dadsaidthewaitingwasalwaysthehardestpartbecauseofthesharp，sweetsmellcomingfromtheyeast．"可知，制作面包非常费时间，要耐心等待，才能做出好吃的面包．因此这里是爸爸让"我"知道了耐心的重要性．句意：最重要的一课是学会耐心．故选B．（7）D考查名词辨析及语境．mistakes错误；backgrounds背景；dreams梦想；thoughts想法．根据上句话"Whilewewaited，wesatandtalked．"可知，我们一边等，一边聊天，所以这里是和爸爸分享想法．句意：敞开心扉分享我们的想法感觉很好．故选D．（8）A考查动词辨析及语境．relax放松；train训练，培训；imagine想象；compete竞争，比赛．根据文意及上句话"Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread，butIthinkIlearnedtoappreciatetheslowpassingoftime．"可知，从爸爸那里学会了等待以及耐心的重要性，不再感到有压力．A选项符合语境，句意：我学会了放松，让面包发酵．故选A．三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．【答案】CDC【考点】广告布告类阅读【解析】你想去国外上大学吗？这篇短文给我们介绍了四所国外的大学，有哈佛大学、维也纳大学、多伦多大学和帝国理工学院．【解答】（1）C．根据第三篇短文中"Itisaworldleaderinhighereducationandresearch，inToronto，Ontario，Canada．"可知，多伦多大学在加拿大安大略省的多伦多．故选C．（2）D．根据文章中对每所大学的建立时间的介绍可知，哈佛大学建立于1636年；维也纳大学建立于1365年；多伦多大学建立于1827年；帝国理工学院建立于1907年，因此最古老的是维也纳大学．故选D．（3）C．根据第一篇短文中"Ithasproduced49Nobelwinners，32headsofstateand48PulitzerPrizewinners．"可知，哈佛大学产生了49个诺贝尔奖获得者．故选C．【答案】DCC【考点】人物故事类阅读【解析】这篇短文讲述的是15岁的男孩Ryan在了解到很多非洲的孩子没有饮用水，或因为饮用劣质水而死亡这一事实后，开始筹集资金，在很多国家挖井．他还建立了基金会，教育人们水的重要性，帮助更多的人得到干净的水．【解答】（1）D细节理解题．根据短文第一段"Hetravelstheworldtotellpeoplehowtheycanhelpsolveabigproblem：theneedofsafedrinkingwaterinmanydevelopingcountries．"可知，Ryan想要解决的大问题就是很多发展中国家里安全饮水的问题．故选D．（2）C细节理解题．根据短文第四段"Hedidhouseworkforhisparentsandforneighborstomakesomemoney．Hespoketoschools，churches，clubsabouthisidea．Thewordspread，anddonations（捐献）begancomingin．"可知，Ryan给父母和邻居做家务赚钱，并且把他的想法告诉学校、教堂以及俱乐部，这样人们就开始捐钱．故选C．（3）C最佳标题题．A"一个节约用水的组织"；B"帮助非洲人的目标"；C"一个改变世界的男孩"；D"把人们团结在一起的一口井"．根据文意可知，这篇短文讲述了15岁的男孩Ryan筹集资金，帮助很多非洲国家挖井，以获得干净的饮用水，并创立基金会，帮助更多的人得到干净的水．C选项"一个改变世界的男孩"符合文意，故选C．【答案】ABB【考点】科普知识类阅读【解析】我们都听说过5G技术的应用将会对我们的生活有多么大的影响，然而在全世界范围内普及5G技术还需要一段时间．但英国的一些农场已经在实验这种技术，这种在5G技术支持下的智能系统可以实现自动化挤奶．【解答】（1）A．段落大意题．根据文章第四段，TestingareasaresetupatfarmsinthreecountriesofEngland．Thecowsarefittedwith5Gdevices（装置）thatconnecttoaroboticmilkingsystem．Thesystemusessensors（传感器）andmachinelearningtofullyautomatetheprocess．Systemdesignerssaytechnologytakesoverafteracowfeelsreadytobemilkedandwalkstowardanautomaticgate．Thedeviceisdesignedtorecognizeeachcow．Itthensetsmachinetotherightheightformilking．Duringtheprocess，machinesgivefoodtothecowinreturn．英国三个国家的农场都设立了测试区．奶牛安装了5G设备（5G），与机器人挤奶系统相连．该系统使用传感器．该装置设计用于识别每头奶牛，然后将机器设置到适当的高度进行挤奶．在此过程中，机器将食物回馈给奶牛．可知，这一段具体介绍了这一智能系统是如何实现为奶牛挤奶的．故选A．（2）B．推理判断题．根据文章第五、六段，Inoneofthetestareas，about50ofthefarm's180cowsarefittedwith5Gsmartdevicesandhealth﹣watchingsensors．Projectofficialssaythedevicesdonotharmthecowsandthesensorsallowfarmerstoimmediatelydiscoveranyproblemssuchashealthproblems．Othertechnologytoolspoweringthe5Gsmartfarmsincludeautomatedbrushesthatturnonwhenthecowtouchesthem．Sensorsalsocontrolthesupplyoflightinthecows'livingareasdependingontheweather．Andanautomaticfeedingsystemmakessuretheanimalsalwaysgetenoughtoeat．在其中一个试验区，农场180头奶牛中约有50头安装了5G智能设备和健康监测传感器．项目官员说，这些设备不会伤害奶牛，而且这些传感器可以让农民立即发现任何问题，如健康问题．为5G智能农场提供动力的其他技术工具包括自动刷子当奶牛接触到它们时，它就会打开，传感器也会根据天气情况控制奶牛生活区的光线供应，而自动喂食系统则会确保这些动物总能获得足够的食物．可知，这种智能化系统不但可以自动给奶牛挤奶，还能迅速发现一些问题，还有自动刷、根据天气情况控制奶牛生活区的光线以及自动喂养系统等．可知，5G智能农场从多个方面改善了奶牛的饲养．故选B．（3）B．观点态度题．根据文章最后一段，Hesaidthesystemcanconnecteverycow，andeveryotheranimalonthewholefarm．"That'swhat5Gcandoforfarming﹣reallyfreethepowerthatwehavewithinthisfarm，everywherearoundtheUnitedKingdom，andeverywherearoundtheworld．"他说，这个系统可以连接整个农场的每一头牛和每一只其他动物．"这就是5G技术所能做的，它真正解放了我们在这个农场内、英国各地和世界各地拥有的电力．"可知，他对5G技术的前景充满希望．故选B．【答案】DDAA【考点】科普知识类阅读【解析】本文章主要讲述了模式化观念就是我们把人们放在某一个群体里，产生固有印象．模式化观念既有优点，也有缺点．优点是它能使我们迅速处理各种情况，简化社会世界；缺点是它会让我们忽视每个个体之间的差异．【解答】（1）D．推理判断题．根据文章第一段，Iknowmanyboyswholikestuffedanimalsandlotsofgirlswhoplaywithtrucks．Whenwedecidewhatsomeonewilllikeorhowtheywillactjustbecausetheyareboysorgirls，wearestereotyping（形成模式化观念）．我知道很多男孩都喜欢填充玩具当我们仅仅因为一个人是男孩还是女孩就决定他们喜欢什么或者他们的行为方式时，这就是我们的刻板印象．可知，作者先从生活中男孩和女孩喜欢不同玩具的事例出发，目的是给读者引出刻板印象这一概念，然后对它进行具体的介绍，故选D．（2）D．推理判断题．根据文章第三段，Oneadvantageofastereotypeisthatitenablesustodealwithsituationsrapidlybecausewemayhavehadasimilarexperiencebefore．刻板印象的一个优点是它使我们能够迅速地处理各种情况，因为我们以前可能有过类似的经历．可知，刻板印象的一个优点是使我们根据以前的相似经历，快速处理各种情况．结合生活常识可知，红色会起到警告的作用，D选项符合文意，故选D．（3）A．词义猜测题．根据文章第四段，Althoughgroupingitselfisn'tbad，itcanbeharmfulsometimes．Itmakesusignoredifferencesbetweeneachsingleperson，thatis，weusuallythinkallthepeopleinonegrouparethesamebutthatmightnotbetrue．虽然分组本身并不坏，但有时也会有害，它使我们忽略了每个人之间的差异，也就是说，我们通常认为一个群体中的所有人都是一样的，但这可能不是真的．由此可猜测ignore意为"忽视"，即"没能注意到…"，A．failtonotice没有注意；B．failtotrust不信任；C．failtosearch搜索失败；D．ailtoface无法面对，故选A．（4）A．主旨大意题．根据文章第三段，Oneadvantageofastereotypeisthatitenablesustodealwithsituationsrapidlybecausewemayhavehadasimilarexperiencebefore．刻板印象的一个优点是它使我们能够迅速地处理各种情况，因为我们以前可能有过类似的经历．可知，这里介绍了模式化观念的优点；再根据第四段，Althoughgroupingitselfisn'tbad，itcanbeharmfulsometimes．虽然分组本身并不坏，但有时也可能有害．可知，模式化观念也有缺点．A选项"每个硬币都有两面"符合文意，故选A．四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．【答案】Onthebus．,Between1.2metresand3.5metres,Becausetheymightshowyouthebottomoftheirshoes，anditisthoughttobeimpolite,Peoplelookdownwiththeirface"falling"andmouthcomerturningdown．,Thedifferencesinsocialbehaviorbetweenpeopleacrosstheworldandtheimportanceofbodylanguage．/Understandingthebodylanguagesandactingproperlyistherealkeytocross﹣culturalcommunication．【考点】回答问题型【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在跨文化交际情景中，不同国家的社交礼仪等有所不同，也有相同之处．人们需要了解不同的文化背景与习俗、了解恰当的肢体语言才能不出错或使别人不适．【解答】细节理解题

（1）Onthebus．根据"InEngland，peoplebuybusticketsonthebus"，可知英国人在公交车上买票，故答案为Onthebus．

（2）Between1.2metresand3.5metres．根据"Surveysinmostcountriestellusthattheproperdistance（距离）oftwopeoplestandinginasocialsituationisbetween1．2metresand3.5metres"，可知多数国家两人之间保持的距离是在1.2米到3.5米之间，故答案为Between1.2metresand3.5metres．

（3）Becausetheymightshowyouthebottomoftheirshoes，anditisthoughttobeimpolite．根据"ButpeopleinArabcountriesh