高中英语概要写作要点之删除细节以及描述性语言

高中英语概要写作要点之删除细节以及描述性语言一：删除细节在概要写作中,我们首先要学会辨别哪些是概括性语言,哪些是细节性语言。能恰当地删除细节、删除具体例子更容易把握主旨大意。那么,细节主要包括哪些方面呢?通常情况下,具体的描述性语言、事例、数据、论据、重复强调的观点,往往都是细节。在概括主旨时,往往都要考虑删除。二：删除描绘性语言案例1①Scientistshavelongassumedthatwillpowerisalimitedresource,whichiswhyyoufeeltheneedtohavearest,haveasnackandthengetbacktotaskwhenyouarefeelingbetter.②Theyarguethattheonlywayyourbodyrestoreswillpowerisbyrest,foodorentertainment.详细解析:本段第一句表示长期以来,科学家们一直认为意志力是一种有限的资源,这就是为什么你觉得有必要休息一下,吃点东西,然后当你感觉好些时再继续工作。第二句表示身体恢复意志力的唯一方式是休息、进食或者娱乐。本段主旨需要删除细节,并将两句话进行概括。自我概括:

参考表达:Willpower,assumedtobealimitedresource,isthoughttoberegainedbyrest,food,aswellasentertainment.简要解析:第一句删除描述性的语言“whichiswhyyoufeeltheneedtohavearest,haveasnackandthengetbacktotaskwhenyouarefeelingbetter”,用willpower作主语,删除重复的内容,运用同位语及被动语态的手法,有效地将两个句子连接起来,使得其逻辑意思更为连贯与简洁。案例2①Theresearchersdesignedfourexperimentstoteststudents’beliefinwillpower.②Afteratiringtask,thosewhobelieved,orwereledtobelievethatwillpowerisalimitedresource,performedworseonstandardconcentrationteststhanthosewhothoughtofwillpowerassomethingtheyhadmorecontrolover.③Theyalsofoundthatduringthefinalexamweek,studentswhobelievedinthelimitedresourcetheoryatejunkfood24percentmoreoftenthanthosewhobelievedtheyhadmorecontroloverwillpower.④Mr.Jobsaid,“Thetheorythatwillpowerisalimitedresourceisinteresting.Beliefinwillpowerasanon-limitedresourcemakespeoplestrongerintheirabilitytoworkthroughchallenges.”详细解析:段落第一句表示研究人员设计了四个实验来测试学生对意志力的信念。第二、三句话对实验结果进行了具体描述。第四句话表示相信意志力是一种无限的资源,这让人们更有能力应对挑战。前三句话是对实验的描述,最后一句是结论,是主题句。自我概括:

参考表达:Researchersdiscoveredthatifyoubelievewillpowerislimitless,youwillbemorepowerful.简要解析:提炼重要信息,删除文中第二、三句话对实验结果进行的具体描述,用if引导的条件状语从句对文章最后的结论进行高度概括与压缩,简洁明了。三：课后练习阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Hostfamilyaccommodation,orlivingwithhostfamilies,remainspopularamonglanguagetravelstudentsforitsuniqueadvantages.Thesedays,hostfamiliesaretryingtooffermoreintermsofquality,fortheyhavesomethingtoworryabout.Hostfamilyaccommodationisoftenseenasthenumber－onechoiceforitsadvantagesinlanguagestudy,culturalcommunicationandthecostofliving.Stayingalongsidehostfamiliesenablesstudentstogetenoughpracticeforthetimeoftheirstudyingsothattheycanlearnthelocallanguageveryquickly.Youdon’tknowalotofwordsandtheirrealmeaningsuntilyouusethemwithlocalpeople.Livinginhostfamiliesalsohastheadvantageforstudentsofbeingabletospendalotoftimecommunicatingwiththeir“hostparents”，andgettoknowthelocalwayoflife,peopleandculture.Anotheradvantageisthathostfamilyaccommodationcansometimesbetheleastexpensive.Itattractsstudents，foritensuresthemafamilyoflivingatalowcost.Theadvantages，however，havenotpreventedhostfamiliesfromworrying.Ontheonehand，somehostfamiliesarelosingtheiruniquesellingpoint.Theproblemisthatthemajorityofhostsinbigcities，nowgenerallysingleandyoung，havelesstimeavailableforstudents，butthesellingpointforhostfamilyaccommodationiscommunicationpractice.Ontheotherhand，students’expectationshaverisen.Theyarebecomingmoredemandingandaskingformorethaneverfromtheiraccommodation，astheycomemainlyfromhighsocio－economicgroupsintheirowncountries.Togetoutofthedifficultsituation,hostfamiliesarenowmakingeffortstoimprovethequalityofservice.Theyaretryingtomakelivingconditionsbetter,includingbroadbandInternetservice,privatebathrooms,andaccesstoplentyofhotwaterforlongshowers.Theyarealsoprovidingtostudentswithstructuredfamilyactivities.Itisbelievedthathostfamilyaccommodationwillkeepthepopularityforlanguagetravelstudents.阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Shynessispartlyaresultofgenesapersonhasinherited(经遗传得到)．It’salsoinfluencedbybehaviorsthey’velearned,thewayspeoplehavereactedtotheirshyness,andlifeexperiencesthey’vehad.Theexamplesotherpeoplesetcanalsoplayaroleinwhetherapersonlearnstobeshyornot.Iftheparentsofashychildareoverlycautiousoroverprotective,itcanteachthechildtobackawayfromsituationsthatmightbeuncomfortableorunfamiliar.Manypeoplewanttoreducetheirshyness.Butpeoplewhoarenaturallyshyalsohavegiftsthattheymightnotappreciateinthemselves.Forexample,becauseshypeoplemaypreferlisteningtotalking,theysometimesbecomereallygoodlisteners.Peoplewhoareshymightalsobecomesensitivetootherpeople’sfeelingsandemotions.Becauseoftheirsensitivityandlisteningskills，manypeoplewithashypersonalityareespeciallycaringtowardothers，andinterestedinhowothersfeel.Peopleoftenconsiderthemthefinestfriends.Overcomingshynesstakespractice.Peoplewhoareshytendtogivethemselvesfewerchancestopracticesocialbehaviors.It’snowonderthatpeoplewhoshyawayfromsocializingdon’tfeelassociallyconfidentaspeoplewhoareoutgoing—theyhavelesspractice！Themoreyoupracticesocialbehaviors，theeasiertheyget，andthemorenaturaltheyfeelforyou.Takeslow,steadystepsforward.GoingslowisOK.Butbesuretogoforward.Steppingbackfromanysituationsthatmighttriggeryoutofeelshycanreinforceshynessandkeepitatalevelthat’shardtogetpast.Buildconfidencebytakingonesmallforwardstepatatime.Also,it’sOKtofeelawkward.Everyonedoessometimes.Peoplewhoareshyareoftenafraidtofeelawkwardoruncomfortable.Butdon’tletthatkeepyoufromdoingwhatyouwant.Youmightfeelawkwardaskingyourfriendsforhelp.That’sperfectlynatural.Whetheryourfriendsays“yes”or“no”isoutofyourcontrol.Butnotaskingatallmeansyou’llnevergetthehelp.Sogoforitanyway!参考答案：Hostfamilyaccommodationattractslanguagetravelstudents,buthostfamilieshavesomethingtoworryabout.(要点1)Hostfamilyaccommodationenabl