人教初二(下)英语第20讲unit10语法篇(学生)

人教版初二(下)英语第20讲unit10语法篇(学生版)人教版初二(下)英语第20讲unit10语法篇(学生版)16/16人教版初二(下)英语第20讲unit10语法篇(学生版)Unit10语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生经过本讲学习，可以掌握本单元的要点语法，并在综合能力上有必定的拓展。此刻达成时for，since用法表示在过去开始向来连续到此刻(可能连续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有：for(twoyears),since1990,since(twoweeksago)和since指引的状语从句。如：Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforthirtyyears.(我走开家乡有30年了)UncleWanghasworkedinthefactorysinceitopened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔向来在那里工作)2.口语中havegot经常表示have(有)的意思。如：Theyhavegotthousandsofbooksintheirlibrary.(

他们图书室有上万本书

)3.havebeento与havegoneto的差别：havegoneto(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,havebeento(“去过”)表示人在这里。如：

--WhereisMrLi?

–HehasgonetotheUK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。

)--DoyouknowsomethingaboutBeijing?–Yes,IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.(你知道北京的状况吗？是的,我去过那里三次。)在达成时中,一个瞬时性动词(一次性动作)不可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬时动词改为连续性动词或状态动词。详细变化见下表：瞬性的达成延性或状的达成have(already)goneto⋯havebeenin/at⋯for(twoyears)hascometo⋯hasbeenheresince(1990)(had)left⋯(had)beenawayfrom⋯arrived⋯beenin⋯diedbeendeadbegunbeenonendedbeenoverbought...had⋯borrowed⋯kept⋯joined⋯beenin⋯或许使用下边个句型：Itis/hasbeen+(多久)+since+主(人)+(去)+⋯⋯+去状[注意]在其余的中也存在似,住,关是：瞬不可以和表达一段的状用。如：HowlongmayIkeepthebook?(本我能借多久？)(句子中keep代替了borrow)1.Theyhavebeenfriendsovertenyears.A.sinceB.inC.forD.with2.Howlonghaveyouthebike?Forthreeyears.A.borrowedB.lentC.boughtD.had3.Hehaslivedherehewassixyearsold.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.from4.RosecametoBeijingin2002.Shehereforeightyears.A.waslivingB.liveC.willliveD.haslived5.didyourbrotherleavehome?Hefornearlyhalfanhour.A.When;hasleftB.When;hasbeenawayC.Howlong;hasleftD.Howlong;hasbeenaway基础操练一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分）1.We'velivedhere2001.Soyou'velivedhereaboutfiveyears.A.since;forB.for;sinceC.for;forD.since;since2.MissGaohastaughtusEnglishtwoyears.Ihavebeenheretwoyearsago.A.since;forB.since;sinceC.for;sinceD.for;for3.Joe,myclosefriend,movedtoBeijingyearsago,andIhimsincethen.A.don'tseeB.didn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tsee4.Thetrainherefortenminutesalready.A.hasbeenB.hascomeC.hasstoppedD.hasgone5.TheSmithscametoShanghaiin2008.Theythereforthreeyearssincethen.A.liveB.livedC.havelivedD.willlive6.Imyhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom7.Shethisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept8.Howisyourgrandfather?Oh,heforhalfayear.Iamsorrytohearthat.A.hasdiedB.diedC.hasbeendeadD.dies9.SamChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksChinesewellnow.A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.willlearn10.Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began二、翻译(依据中文提示达成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）你做了多长时间的作业了?两个小时了。Howlong

you

yourhomework?

twohours.詹姆斯自从2008年就在北京做外教。JamesaforeignteacherinBeijing2008.这本书你已经借了一个礼拜了。请赶快还回来。Youthisbookforaweek.Pleasegiveitbackassoonaspossible.从2000年开始，他就走开了家乡。Heawayfromhishometown2000.他奶奶患病了,已经住院一个月了。Hisgrandmotherinhospitalforamonth.坚固提升依据汉语意思翻译句子（每空一词）我还没有达成作业。I______________myhomework_______.上周我妈妈去美国了，到此刻还没有回来。Mymother________toAmericalastweek,andshe_____________backyet.3．——你喂小狗了吗？——喂了。我刚刚喂了它。——_______you_______thelittledog?——Yes,I________itjustnow.4．他已经看了两个小时的电视了。He____________________TVfortwohours.5．他走开家乡三年了。_____________________threeyears_______helefthometown.6．Susan两个月前走开了学校。Twomonths_______________________Susanleftschool.7．我去过北京两次了。I_______________________Beijingtwice.8．——你读过《小妇人》吗？——不，我还没有。——_______you______LittleWomanyet?——No,______________.9．你决定英语课要写的书了吗？_______you______yetwhichbook______________aboutforEnglishclass?我选了《金银岛》，可是我还没有读完它。IchoseTreasureIsland,butI______________readingit________.一、用动词的正确形式填空1．______she______(water)theflowersyet?2．He_______(leave)thecountryandgonetoIndia.3．Ihave________(be)hereforthreemonths.4．I_______already________(buy)anewcar.5．I_______(have)nonewsfromhimforalongtime.二、将以下句子改为此刻达成时，每空一词6.Hecamebacktwohoursago.He______________back_______twohours.7．Shejoinedthemusicclublastweek.She_____________________themusicclub_______twoweeks.8．Theycameherein2008.They______________here______2008.9.Janeborrowedthebooklastmonth.Jane______________thebook_______twomonths.10.Tomboughtthecarin2009.Tom____________thecar_______2009.二、完型（171中学期中考试题）Youngpeopleareoftenunhappywhentheyarewiththeirparents.Theysaythattheirparentsdon't1them.Theyoftenthinktheirparentsaretoostrictwiththem,andtheyarenevergivena2hand.Parentsoftenfind3difficulttowintheirchildren'strustandtheyseemtoforgethowtheythemselves4whentheywereyoung.Forexample,youngpeopleliketodothingswithoutmuchthinking.It'soneoftheirwaysto5thattheygrowupandtheycandowithanydifficultthings.Olderpeopleworrymoreeasily.Mostofthemplanthingsaheadanddon'tliketheirplanstobechanged.Whenyouwantyourparentstoletyoudosomething,youwillhavebettersuccess6youaskbeforeyoureallystartdoingit.Youngpeopleoftenmaketheirparentsangrybyclothestheywant,themusictheyenjoyandsomethingelse.Butthey7tocauseanytrouble.Theyjustfeelthatinthiswaytheycanbecutofffromtheoldpeople'sworldandtheywanttomakeanewcultureoftheirown.Andiftheirparentsdon'tliketheirmusicorclothesortheirmannerofspeech,theyoungpeoplefeelvery8.Sometimesyouevendon'twantyourparentstosay9”towhat“youdo.Youwanttostayathome10anddowhatyoulike.Ifyouplantocontrolyour11,you'dbetterwinyourparentsoverandtrytogetthemtounderstandyou.Ifyourparentsseethatyouhavehighsenseofresponsibility,theywillcertainlygiveyoutherighttodo12youwanttodo.1.A.rememberB.cookmealsforC.understandD.know2.A.helpfulB.usefulC.freeD.strong3.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it4.A.thoughtB.wantedC.neededD.felt5.A.learnB.seeC.findD.show6.A.sinceB.ifC.becauseD.after7.A.don'tmeanB.meanC.don'tlikeD.like8.A.lonelyB.unhappyC.interestingD.strange9.A.YesB.NoC.SorryD.That'sright10.A.aloneB.lonelyC.evenD.though11.A.lifeB.workC.studyD.health12.A.thatB.whatC.howD.when__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、单项选择31.Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?Home.Weallourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.A.spendB.spentC.havespentD.arespending32.IsJackathome?No,hethebookshop.Hethereafewminutesago.A.hasgoneto;wentB.hasgoneto;hasbeenC.hasbeento;wentD.hasbeento;hasgone33.ItisnoisyhereIcan'thearyouclearly.A.very;becauseB.too;toC.very;thatD.so;that34.itrainedheavily,nooneinourclasswaslateforschool.A.BecauseB.EventhoughC.AssoonasD.Until35.OurheadteacheroftenusEnglish.A.encourage;tolearnB.encourages;tolearnC.encouraged;tolearnD.encourages;learn36.Mr.GreenhislessonswhenIwentintohisoffice.A.preparesB.preparedC.ispreparingD.waspreparing37.Youlooktired.Youshouldbeoutforawalkworkingindoors.A.aheadofB.insteadofC.infrontofD.instead38.HowlonghaveyoulivedShenzhen?tenyears.A.in;ForB.in;SinceC.at;ForD.on;Since39.Youwon'tpasstheexamyoustudyhard.A.becauseB.ifC.unlessD.though40.Ifyouwanttosucceedinthistest,youshouldworkhard.A.passB.topassC.passedD.passing41.Haveyoufinishedyourwork,Jane?Yes,I'vedoneit.A.already;yetB.yet;alreadyC.yet;yetD.already;already42.CouldIgoboatingthisweekend,Dad?Yes,you.Butyoucomebackbeforelunch.A.could;mustB.can;mustC.could;shouldD.must;should43.Igetananswerfromhim,I'llringyouup.A.WhenB.WhileC.AssoonasD.Eventhough44.Intheexam,theyouare,themistakesyou'llmake.A.carefully;littleB.morecarefully;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less45.Whydidn'tyouenjoythefilm?ItwasfilmthatIhadeverseen.A.themostinterestingB.theleastinterestingC.moreinterestingD.lessinteresting三、完形填空Mobilephonesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularnotonlywithgrown-upsbutalso46students.Meanwhile,theyalso47aproblemformiddleschoolsinthepastfewyears.SomechildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasorbirthdaygifts,andmorewill48wantthem.ManylikeSMS(ShortMessageService)becauseitiseasyand49.Someparentsfelthappybecausetheycouldgetintouch50theirchildren.Someteacherssaidmobilephoneusewasadistraction(分心的事)tostudentsduringschoolhoursanditalsogavethemmuch51intheirclassrooms.Sometimesstudentsmightusephonemessagestocheat(舞弊)duringexams.Anewstudyfoundthatsometeenagerswhosendmessagesinclassevenhurttheirfingersbecausetheycan't52usingSMS.Manyteacherssuggestedthatstudentsshouldnothavephonesatschool,53iftherewasagoodreason,theycould54theirphonesatschooloffice.Manypeoplethinktheyunderstand55parentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavethem,buttheyagreeschoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.46.A.withB.ofC.forD.in47.A.becameB.hadbecomeC.havebecomeD.becomes48.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just49.A.importantB.quickC.boringD.relaxing50.A.againstB.onC.withD.to51.A.businessB.troubleC.informationD.problem52.A.stopB.keepC.continueD.decide53.A.andB.butC.thoughD.however54.A.missB.leaveC.lieD.take55.A.whetherB.becauseC.whyD.when四、阅读理解ALotsofpeoplemakeitastheiraimtogettothetopofMountEverest.Markisoneofthem.ThedifferencebetweenMarkandotherclimbersisthathelostbothhislegswhenclimbingNewZealand'shighestmountain,MountCook.Hewascaughtinabigiceholeandhehadtohavehislegscutbelowthekneesafterhewassaved.Butthatcouldn'tmakeMarkloseheart,whohasbecomethefirstpersonwithman-madelegstoreachthetopofMountEverest.Fromthetopoftheworld'shighestmountain,Markcalledhiswifetosayhemadeit.Hiswife,Annegotthephonewhenshewassleeping.Shecouldn'thearhimclearlyonthephone.Shewasunabletosaywhenhereachedthetopbutthoughtitwasaroundmidday.Shealsosaidhis"legs"didn'tworkwellsometimes,soherhusbandwascarryingasparelegandrepairtools.Markusedtobeamountainguidebeforehisaccident.Hesaiditwasnotimportantthatnoonelikehimhadeverreachedthe8850-metermountain."I'mnotdoingthistobethefirst.IhavebeenclimbingmostofmylifeandIjustfeelMountEverestisreallyagreataim.IwanttosendamessagethatIcandoanythingbetter."56.WhatwasthedifferencebetweenMarkandotherclimbers?Hewentmountain-climbingwithhiswife.Heclimbedmountainswithman-madelegs.HewasthefirsttoclimbMountEverest.Hewasthebestguideoftheworld.57.Mark'swifethoughtitwasonMountEverestwhenMarkreacheditstop.A.noonB.morningC.midnightD.eveningWhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderinMark'sstory?a.Losingbothofhislegs.b.Workingasamountainguide.c.FallingintoaniceholeonMountCook.d.ReachingthetopofMountEverest.A.cabdB.cadbC.bcadD.bacd59.Mark'sstorymakesusbelievethatheisaman.A.politeB.braveC.kindD.clever60.Marktoldusthathecaredmuchabout.A.beingthefirstB.climbinghigherC.keepinghealthyD.beingaguideBJustlikeanyrelationship,bestfriendshipsdependontrust,promise,respectandinterests.Whenanyoftheseelements(因素)ismissing,thefriendshipwillbehardtogoon.Ifthetrustistotallybroken,youmaynotbeabletoforgivehim/her.Sometimesafriendshipendsbecauseeitheryouoryourfriendgetstiredofputtingtheheartintoit.Thiscanhappenwhenoneofyoufindsanewfriendorevenanewhobbythattakesupmuchtime.Or,perhapsyoufindtherelationshipisalwaysgoinginanunhealthywayandyouwantsomedistance.Othertimes,yousimplychangeandwanttoleaveeachother.Sure,itseemssadatthetime,butit'scompletelynormal.Notallfriendshipsaremeanttolastforever.So,whatshouldyoudoifsomethinglikethishappenstoyou?Readonforsomefriendlyadvice.Whateverthereasonyou'rebreakingupwithyourbestfriend,alwaysrememberthathe/shewasoncesuperimportanttoyou.Takethetimetositdownprivatelyandtellhim/herwhat'sgoingonandwhy.Don'tsendhim/heranunpleasante-mailorjuststartignoring(不搭理)him/her.Infact,maybehe/shehasknownthere'saproblemandwouldbewillingtohaveaheart-to-heartchat.Ifyou'renotsureaboutwantinganendforever,youcouldsuggestyoutwotakeabreakfromeachother.If,afterawhile,yourealizewhyyoubecamethebestfriendsinthebeginning,youcantrygettingbacktoyourformerbehaviors.Whateveryoudo,behonestaboutyourfeelingswhilehavingrespectforhis/hers.AndifyoubothagreetheBFFthingisover,makesurenottobeenemies.WhatisNOTtheusualcauseofendingafriendship?Gettingtiredofputtingyourheartintoeachother.Findinganewhobbythattakesupmuchtime.Realizingtherelationshipgoinginanunhealthyway.Livingtoofarawayfromeachother.62.TheunderlinedlettersBFFprobablymeans

.A.永久的朋友B.永久的隔膜C.终结的友情

D.临时的误会Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?FourBasicElementsofFriendshipFriendlyAdviceonReadingWhattoDowithFriendshipinTrouble?WhentoBeFriendsorEnemies?Whatshouldyoudowhenbreakingupwithyourbestfriends?1Rememberhisorheroncebeingimportanttoyou.2Trytohaveaheart-to-heartchatwithhimorher.3Behonestandrespectfultoeachother.4Sendanunpleasante-mailandignorehimorher.5Suggestnotgettingalongwitheachotherforawhile.A.1234B.2345C.1345D.1235CGrowingkidsneedsleep,asdopeopleofallages.Indeed,researchshowsthathealthandsafetybothsufferwhenwetrytogetbywithtoolittleshuteye.Soit'sfortunatethatourbodiesdosuchagoodjobofwarninguswhenit'stimetohitthesack.Likehumans,otheranimalsalsotaketimeouttorest.You'veprobablyseenaliondozingatthezoo,ormaybewatchedourdogsnoozeawaylyinginitsbed.Infact,sleepisanecessityforeveryanimalthat'severbeenstudied.Howlonganimalssleep,though,varieswidely.Elephantsandgiraffessleeponlyabout2to4hoursaday,whilebatsmaynodoffforupto20hours.Duckssleeptogether,andthebirdsontheedgeofthegroupsleepwiththeoutsideeyeopenandhalfoftheirbrainawake—probablytokeepwatchingwhiletheotherhalfoftheirbrainsnoozes.Somebirdsmayevensleepwhileflying.Thefactthatallanimalsmaketimeforsleeping,evenunderverydangeroussituations,suggeststhatsleepisveryimportant.Andindeed,somefactssuggeststhatsleepisimportantforlearningandformingpermanentmemories.Butsleepmayalsobeprimarilyawayforanimalstosaveenergyandstayoutofharm.Thismayhelpexplainwhymeat-eatingcreaturessleepmorethanherbivores,whichareanimalsthatliveonlyonplants.Herbivores,likecowsandzebras,needtospendmoretimesearchingforandgrazingonfoodthanmeateatersdo,suchaslionsandotherbigcats.Soabigcatmightbebetteroffsleepingforawhileafteriteats,ratherthanprowlingaroundandriskinginjury.Butthat'sjustaguess.Scientistsneedtostudyotheranimalsaswellbeforetheycanfullyunderstandthebenefits(利处)ofsleepandknowwhichbenefitsaremostimportantforaparticularspecies(物种).Onethingiscertain:enoughsleepisimportanttohealthandlearning.Sogiveinwhenastrongwishtosleephits,andcatchplentyofZZZs.65.Theunderlinedphrase"tohitthesack"means.A.toeatsomethingB.todrinksomethingC.togetupD.togotosleep66.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninfer.enoughsleepmayimproveyourlearninginclassifyoufeelsleepyinclass,youcanfallasleepimmediatelyyouareeasytogiveinifyouhaveplentyofsleepifyouhaveastrongwishtosleep,youareperhapsillWhichofthefollowingisNotTrueaccordingtothepassage?Differentanimalssleepindifferentways.Sleepmaysaveenergyandstayoutofharm.Scientistshavestudiedthebenefitsaboutsleep.Animalsalsoneedtohavetimetorest.68.Themainideaofthepassageisabout.whereanimalsfindaplacetosleephowanimalssleepintheopenairwhyanimalsneedsleepwhenanimalsfeelsleepy五、短文7选5Jimwasabookseller(书商).Hedidn'tlikepaying(付钱)foranything.Oneday,abigboxofbooksfellonhisfoot."Gotoseethedoctor."saidhiswife."No."hesaid.69.thenI'llaskhimaboutmyfoot.IfIgotoseehim,I'llhavetopayhim."Thenextday,70..WhenJimwasgettingthemready,hetoldthedoctorabouthisbadfoot.Thedoctorcheckeditover."Yes."saidthedoctor,71.."Howmucharethebooks?"saidthedoctor."$2."answeredJim."Good."saidthedoctor.72.."Why?"askedJiminsurprise."Itoldyouaboutyourfoot."saidthedoctor.73..Goodbye.youmustputthatfootinhotwatereverynightIwant$2forthatIshallnotpayyouanythingI'llwaituntilthedoctorcomestotheshopnexttimethedoctorcametotheshopandboughtsomebooks六、阅读与表达(问答式)Today,rollerskatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeago,itwasn'teasyatall.Before1750,theideaofskatingdidn'texist.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin'sworkwasmakingmusicalinstruments.Inhisspare