高考英语模拟题汇编专题02 阅读理解之说明文（一）（解析版）

专题02阅读理解之说明文（二）1.（2020届湖南省衡阳市高三毕业班联考）Itisoftensaidthat“apictureisworthathousandwords.”ThatiscertainlytrueoftheimagesofbriefmomentsnaturesubmittedbyinternationalecologistsandstudentsfortheBritishEcologicalSociety’s(BES)annualphotographycompetition.Hereareafewof2019’swinningentries.“RedNight”byRobertoGarciaRoa“RedNight,”aphotographofasnakecurling(蜷缩)aroundatreewasdeclaredthisyear’s“OverallWinner.”TakenbyRobertoGarciaRoainMadagascar,theimagecapturesboththebeautyoftheanimalanditsvulnerability(脆弱)tohumanthreatslikepoaching(偷猎)andfires.Itvividlyreflectstheconditionsthatthesesnakesaresuffering.“FlamesinFlumes(水沟)”byNilanjanChatterjeeNilanjanChatterjee’spictureofawaterredstart,waitingtocatchawaterborneinsectnearasmallwaterfall,wonthejudge’sapprovalforthebestoverallstudentsubmission.Entitled“FlamesinFlumes,”itwasthephotographer’sattemptstohighlightthestruggletheriverbirds,whichcapturetheirpreyfromfast-movingcurrents,arelikelytofacefromtoslowdowninwaterflowduetoplanneddamsinriversacrossIndia.“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut”byMollyPennyTheongoingdemandforrhinohorns(犀牛角)hasreducedthepopulationofthemagnificentanimalstojust30,000specimensglobally.EcologistsinSouthAfricahavetosawofftheanimals’horns,whichregrowannually.Cruelasitseems,“TheRhinosAnnualHaircut,”reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingbrutallymurdered.“ASideofFries”byNigelTaylor“ASideofFries”—animageofalong-tailedmonkeyatBatuCaves,Malaysia,holdingaboxofMcDonald’sfries—byNigelTaylorisjustoneexampleofhowcarelesshumanbehaviorisendangeredanimalsinthewild.1．Whatmessagedothefourphotoswanttoconveytoviewers?A．Thenatureisveryattractive. B．Wildanimalscanbelovely.C．Humansmustconserveanimals. D．Picturesspeaklouderthanwords.2．ThedamsinriversacrossIndiaarelikelytomakethewaterredstart________.A．gohungry B．getlostC．getcaught D．settledown3．WhydoecologistsinSouthAfricasawoffrhinohorns?A．Tosellrhinohorns. B．Tosaverhinos.C．Tomakehornsregrow. D．Tofetchhighprices.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【解析】本文是说明文。一图胜万言，本文通过四幅图号召大家保护动物。1．细节理解题。根据“RedNight”byRobertoGarciaRoa中的Itvividlyreflectstheconditionsthatthesesnakesaresuffering.(它生动地反映了这些蛇所遭受的苦难)；“FlamesinFlumes(水沟)”byNilanjanChatterjee中的Entitled“FlamesinFlumes,”itwasthephotographer’sattemptstohighlightthestruggletheriverbirds,whichcapturetheirpreyfromfast-movingcurrents,arelikelytofacefromtoslowdowninwaterflowduetoplanneddamsinriversacrossIndia.(这张照片的标题是“火焰中的羽毛”，这是摄影师试图突出河鸟的挣扎，它们从湍急的水流中捕捉猎物，由于计划在印度境内的河流上修建水坝，它们很可能面临水流减缓的问题)；“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut”byMollyPenny中的TheRhinosAnnualHaircut,”reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingbrutallymurdered.(“犀牛的年度发型”降低了动物被残忍杀害的风险)；“ASideofFries”byNigelTaylor中的“ASideofFries”—animageofalong-tailedmonkeyatBatuCaves,Malaysia,holdingaboxofMcDonald’sfries—byNigelTaylorisjustoneexampleofhowcarelesshumanbehaviorisendangeredanimalsinthewild.(“薯条的一面”——马来西亚巴图岩洞的一只长尾猴，拿着一盒麦当劳薯条——奈杰尔·泰勒的这张照片只是一个例子，说明了人类的粗心行为是如何危害野生动物的)可知，四幅图的共同传递给观众的是人类必须要保护动物。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据“FlamesinFlumes(水沟)”byNilanjanChatterjee中的Entitled“FlamesinFlumes,”itwasthephotographer’sattemptstohighlightthestruggletheriverbirds,whichcapturetheirpreyfromfast-movingcurrents,arelikelytofacefromtoslowdowninwaterflowduetoplanneddamsinriversacrossIndia.(这张照片的标题是“火焰中的羽毛”，这是摄影师试图突出河鸟的挣扎，它们从湍急的水流中捕捉猎物，由于计划在印度境内的河流上修建水坝，它们很可能面临水流减缓的问题)可知，印度河上的水坝可能会使红尾水鸲没有食物而饥饿。故选A。3．细节理解题。

根据“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut”byMollyPenny中的EcologistsinSouthAfricahavetosawofftheanimals’horns,whichregrowannually.Cruelasitseems,“TheRhinosAnnualHaircut,”reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingbrutallymurdered.(南非的生态学家不得不锯掉这些动物每年都会重新长出的角。尽管看起来很残忍，“犀牛的年度发型”降低了动物被残忍杀害的风险)可知，为了减少犀牛们被人类残忍谋杀，南非的生态学家们不得不锯掉每年会重新生长的犀牛角。故选B。2.（2020届湖南省衡阳市高三毕业班联考）Thefireofcreativitydoesn’tnecessarilyburnoutafteryouth.“Manypeoplebelievethatthecreativityisexclusively(专有地)associatedwithyouth,butitreallydependsonwhatkindofcreativityyou’retalkingabout,”saystheleadstudyauthor,BruceWeinbergofOhioStateUniversity.Accordingtothestudy,therearetwotypesofinnovators(创新者):conceptualandexperimental.WeinbergandfellowresearcherDavidGalensonthinkthatthosewhotendtodotheirbestworkintheirmid-20sareconceptualinnovators,whilethosewhopeakintheir50sareexperimentalinnovators.WeinbergandGalensonstudiedtheworksof31NobelPrizewinnersofeconomics,placingtheeconomistsonarangeofmostconceptualtomostexperimental.Theageatwhichaneconomistcontributedthemostwell-regardedtothefieldwastakenintoaccount,andtheageatwhichtheworkenteredtheeconomicfieldhelpedtoclassifytheeconomist’screativepeak(顶峰).Economistswithaconceptualapproachpeakedintheir20s,whilethosewhotooktheexperimentalapproachpeakedintheirlate50s.Mostofthewinnersmadetheirgreatdiscoveriesafteratleast25yearsofhardwork.Theresearcherscorrelated(与……相关联)theirfindingsineconomicachievementswiththoseofscientificachievements.Forexample,theymentionAlbertEinsteinasaconceptualinnovator,whoputforwardthefamousSpecialTheoryofRelativityattheageof26.TheysuggestscientistCharlesDarwindevelopedhismostgroundbreakingtheorieslateroninlife,whichwouldmakehimanexperimentalinnovator.Thismakessensegiventhatthetheoryofevolutionwasdevelopedovermanyyearsthroughalongprocessoftrialanderror.Noneofthisistosaythateithertypeofinnovativeapproachisexclusivetodifferentagegroups.Itisn’tunheardofforanolderpersontobeaconceptualinnovatororforyoungerpeopletoinnovatemoreexperimentally.Theresearchsimplyshowstrends.Anyhow,there'salwaysalittleroomforacreativebreakthrough—nomatteryourage8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．CreativityIsTheBestWhenOneIsYoungB．ScientistsBecameFamousAtDifferentAgesC．ExperimentalInnovatorsPeakInLate50’sD．CreativityIsn’tExclusiveToTheYoung9．Fromthethirdandfourthparagraph,wecanreachaconclusionthat_______.A．mostwinnersmadecreativediscoveriesintheirlate20’sB．award-winningeconomiststendtouseconceptualapproachesC．themajorityof31winnerswereexperimentalinnovatorsD．researchersinterviewedNobelPrizewinnersofeconomics10．Whatdoyouknowaboutexperimentalinnovators?A．Theyinspiretheircreativeideasbyasuddenspark.B．Theyslowlycultivatecreativeideasoveralongtime.C．Theytendtochallengemostbasicscientificconcepts.D．Theyoftenmakeimportantcontributionsinliterature.11．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexpressinParagraph5?A．Thefindingsarealsoappliedtoscientificfield.B．Scientistsmakebreakthroughsbytrialanderror.C．Economictheoriesarebasedonscientificfacts.D．Scientificdiscoveriescallformanyyearsofwork.【答案】8．D9．C10．B11．A【解析】本文是说明文。多数人认为创造力只与年轻有关。但是俄亥俄州立大学研究表明这依赖于你在谈论哪种创造力。创造力不专属于年轻人。8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Manypeoplebelievethatthecreativityisexclusively(专有地)associatedwithyouth,butitreallydependsonwhatkindofcreativityyou’retalkingabout,”saystheleadstudyauthor,BruceWeinbergofOhioStateUniversity.(研究报告的主要撰写人、俄亥俄州立大学的布鲁斯·温伯格说：“许多人认为创造力只与年轻人有关，但实际上这取决于你所谈论的创造力的类型)及下文对这项研究的介绍可知，“创造力不专属于年轻人”适合做本文最佳标题。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的WeinbergandGalensonstudiedtheworksof31NobelPrizewinnersofeconomics,placingtheeconomistsonarangeofmostconceptualtomostexperimental.(温伯格和盖伦森研究了31位诺贝尔经济学奖得主的著作，将这些经济学家的研究范围从最具概念化到最具实验性)以及第四段中的Economistswithaconceptualapproachpeakedintheir20s,whilethosewhotooktheexperimentalapproachpeakedintheirlate50s.(采用概念性方法的经济学家在20多岁时达到顶峰，而采用实验性方法的经济学家在50多岁时达到顶峰)可知，31位诺贝尔经济学奖获得者中多数是“概念式”创新者。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的Economistswithaconceptualapproachpeakedintheir20s,whilethosewhotooktheexperimentalapproachpeakedintheirlate50s.Mostofthewinnersmadetheirgreatdiscoveriesafterateast25yearsofhardwork.(采用概念性方法的经济学家在20多岁时达到顶峰，而采用实验性方法的经济学家在50多岁时达到顶峰。大多数获奖者是在至少25年的辛勤工作后才有了重大发现)可推知，实验性创新者需要很长时间才能有创新性思想。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据第五段中的Theresearcherscorrelated(与……相关联)theirfindingsineconomicachievementswiththoseofscientificachievements.(研究人员将他们在经济成就方面的发现与科学成就联系起来)及列举的爱因斯坦和达尔文的例子说明，这些发现也适用于科学领域。故选A。3.（2020届湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量检测）BookingavacationhasneverbeenmoreconvenientthanwithVacationsMadeEasy,whichhaseverythingyouneedtobookanunforgettablegetaway.Ifyouaren'tsurewheretogo,checkoutourmostpopulardestinations:MyrtleBeachSCIfcoastalviewsandoceanicadventuresareupyouralley,thenMyrtleBeach,SCistheplaceforyou!Thiscityisknownforitsstunningbeachesandadventuresthatofferupuniqueopportunitiestocreatethemostunforgettablememories.SetoutonthesparklingwaterstolookfordolphinsontheMyrtleBeachDolphinSightseeingCruises.TheLegendsinConcertshowissuretobeablastaswell!NashvilleTNItisthecapitalofthestateaswellasthecapitalofcountrymusic.Affectionatelynicknamed‘MusicCity’,Nashvilleiswheremanyofthemostlegendaryperformersgottheirstart.Therearemanyamazingactivitiestoenjoyhere.CountrymusicloverscanwitnessashowatthelegendaryGrandOleOpry.PigeonForge&GatlinburgTNHometotheGreatSmokyMountains,filledwithnaturalwondersandamazingshows,thePigeonForge&GatlinburgTNisamust-see.CreatenewmemoriesandenjoythebeautyoftheSmokieswhenyouvisitthesecities!Therearealsoplentyoffunopportunitiesforoutdooradventureandmoreinthisarea!SanAntonioTXHometorichTexanandAmericanhistory,SanAntonio,TXisagreatplacetovisitforacombinationofhistoryandmodernattractions.WhetheryouwanttogetinsomethrillsatSeaWorldorseetheshops,restaurantsandentertainmentoftheRiverwalk,yourtriptoSanAntoniowillbeablast.1．AtMyrtleBeachSC,youcandoallthefollowingexcept_____________.A．Searchingfordolphins. B．Enjoyingcoastalviews.C．Joiningoceanicadventures. D．Attendingaconcert.2．WhatisspecialaboutNashvilleTN?A．Ithasdoublestatuseswithanickname.B．Manylegendaryperformerswerebornhere.C．Itwillgiveyouthemostunforgettablememories.D．Therearemanyamazingsportsactivitieshere.3．WhereshouldyougotoexplorethehistoryofUSA?A．NashvilleTN B．SanAntonioTXC．PigeonGorge&GatlinburgTN D．MyrtleBeachSC【答案】1．D2．A3．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个最受欢迎的旅行目的地的情况。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中Ifcoastalviewsandoceanicadventuresareupyouralley,thenMyrtleBeach,SCistheplaceforyou!(如果你对海岸景观和海洋冒险感兴趣，那么默特尔海滩，SC是你的好去处!)可知B选项“欣赏海岸景色”属于MyrtleBeachSC的活动；根据第二段中Thiscityisknownforitsstunningbeachesandadventuresthatofferupuniqueopportunitiestocreatethemostunforgettablememories.SetoutonthesparklingwaterstolookfordolphinsontheMyrtleBeachDolphinSightseeingCruises.(这个城市以其迷人的海滩和冒险闻名，提供了独特的机会来创造最难忘的记忆。出发在波光粼粼的水域寻找海豚在默特尔海滩海豚观光巡航。)可知A选项“寻找海豚”和C选项“加入海洋探险”属于MyrtleBeachSC的活动。只有D选项“参加音乐会”没有提到，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中Itisthecapitalofthestateaswellasthecapitalofcountrymusic.Affectionatelynicknamed‘MusicCity’,Nashvilleiswheremanyofthemostlegendaryperformersgottheirstart.可知它是国家的首都，也是乡村音乐的首都。被亲切地称为“音乐之城”的纳什维尔是许多最具传奇色彩的表演者的发祥地。由此可知，NashvilleTN的特别之处在于有两个重要身份和一个昵称。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中HometorichTexanandAmericanhistory,SanAntonio,TXisagreatplacetovisitforacombinationofhistoryandmodernattractions.可知拥有丰富的德州和美国历史，SanAntonioTX是一个伟大的地方访问历史和现代景点的结合。由此可知，你应该去SanAntonioTX探索美国的历史。故选B。4.（2020届湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量检测）Thecombinationofdayandnightextremeheatwillonlygetmorefrequent-andhotter-inthefuture.There’snothinglikethecoolreliefofnightfallafteraswelteringsummerday.Astheworldwarms,thisnaturalbalancemaybeshifting.Newresearchsuggeststhatanewtrendisontherise-extremeheatduringthedayfollowedbyextremeheatovernight.AstudypublishedthisweekinNatureCommunicationsfindsthattheseday/nightextremeshavebecomebothhotterandmorefrequentsince1960.AcrosstheNorthernHemisphere,they’veintensified(增强)byabout2½degreesFahrenheit,andthey’reoccurringaboutfivedaysmorefrequentlyperyear.Continuedwarmingwillmakeitevenworse,theresearchsuggests.Inascenarioinvolvingaround3degreesCelsiusthroughouttherestofthecentury(orabout5.5F),thesecompoundextremeswillhappenaboutfourtimesmorefrequentlythantheydotoday(abouteightdayseachsummer).That’sapproximatelytheamountofwarmingtheworldisontrackfortoday,expertssay,ifgreenhousegasemissionsdon’tstartfallingatafasterpace.Inthefuture,“ahotdayaccompaniedbyahotnightwithoutreliefforhumansmightbea‘newnorm,’”saidstudyco-authorYangChenoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinanemailtoE&ENews.“Theserapidincreasesarelargelyoverlookedinpreviousstudies.”Dayandnightextremesaremorethanjustamatterofcomfort,theauthorssay.They’realsoapotentialthreattohumanhealthandnaturallandscapes.Thestudydidn’tdirectlyexaminehumanhealthimpacts.Butotherresearchhassuggestedthatprolongedexposuretoextremetemperaturescanworsentheoddsofheatstrokeorotherheat-relatedillnesses,andcanaffectplantgrowth.Withoutthereprieveofacoolevening,livingthingsmayhavelessopportunitytorecoverfromtheeffectsofthedaytimeheat,theauthorssuggest.“Currentknowledgeaboutcombineddaytime-nighttimehotextremesremainstoosparsetoinformdevelopmentoftype-specificadaptationandreliefstrategies,”thestudysays.“Overlookingthiscompoundingeffectmayleadtoseriousunderestimateofheat-inducedconsequences.”12．Whichstatementofdayandnightextremesistrueaccordingtothestudy?A．They’veintensifiedbyabout2½℉andoccur5daysmorefrequentlyperyearglobally.B．Theirrapidincreaseshavebeenpaidmuchattentiontobymanyresearchersintheirstudies.C．Theywon’toccuronlyifgreenhousegasemissionsstartfallingduringthedaytimeD．Possiblytheywillhappenabout32dayspersummerthroughtherestofthecentury.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reprieve”mean?A．shift B．reliefC．threat D．adaptation14．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Adequateresearcheshavebeendoneintodayandnightextremes.B．Humanscanadapttoandrelievedayandnighthotextremeseasily.C．Ignoringtheissueonthehotextremesmaycontributetosevereconsequences.D．Underestimatingthecompoundingeffectofhotextremeswillcausethreatstoman.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Thedangersofhotdaysandnightsareontherise.B．Continuedwarmingwillmaketheearthevenworse.C．Withtheworldwarming,thenaturalbalancemaybeshifting.D．Greenhousegasemissionsareincreasingatafasterpace.【答案】12．D13．B14．C15．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，一种新的趋势正在上升——白天极度炎热，夜晚极度炎热。研究表明，持续变暖会使情况变得更糟，白天和晚上的极端天气不仅仅是舒适的问题，它们也是对人类健康和自然景观的潜在威胁。其他研究表明，长期暴露在极端温度下会使中暑或其他与热有关的疾病的几率增加，并会影响植物的生长。12．细节理解题。根据第四段中thesecompoundextremeswillhappenaboutfourtimesmorefrequentlythantheydotoday(abouteightdayseachsummer).可知这些复合极端天气发生的频率是现在的四倍（每年夏天大约8天）。由此可知，D选项“在本世纪余下的时间里，每年夏天大约有32天会发生这种情况”正确。故选D。13．词义猜测题。根据后文livingthingsmayhavelessopportunitytorecoverfromtheeffectsofthedaytimeheat可知如果没有凉爽的夜晚作为缓解，生物从白天高温中恢复的机会就会减少。由此可知，划线单词意思为“缓解”。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Overlookingthiscompoundingeffectmayleadtoseriousunderestimateofheat-inducedconsequences.可知忽视这种复合效应可能导致严重低估热诱导的后果。由此可推知，忽视极端天气的问题可能会导致严重的后果。故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据第二段中Newresearchsuggeststhatanewtrendisontherise-extremeheatduringthedayfollowedbyextremeheatovernight.可知一项新的研究表明，一种新的趋势正在上升——白天极度炎热，夜晚极度炎热。结合文章还说明了研究表明，持续变暖会使情况变得更糟，白天和晚上的极端天气不仅仅是舒适的问题，它们也是对人类健康和自然景观的潜在威胁。其他研究表明，长期暴露在极端温度下会使中暑或其他与热有关的疾病的几率增加，并会影响植物的生长。由此可知这篇文章主要讲了炎热的白天和夜晚的危险正在增加。故选A。5.（2020届江西省新余市高考二模）Australianexpertshaveexpressedconcernsthattoomanymillennials(千禧一代）arehopingtousetheirsocialmediaaccountstobuildtheircareers.Theirconcernsfollowthesuddenrisein"insta-celebrities"whomakemoneybypostingsponsoredphotosonline.Fortheluckyfewwhoarenotonlytalentedphotographersbutalsogood-lookingandbusiness-savvy(有商业头脑的)，makingmoneyoffsocialmediaisn'timpossible.Instagramisfloodedwithsocialmediaprofessionalspaidtopromoteproductsandservices.However,socialscientistDrLaurenRosewarne,fromtheUniversityofMelbourne,saysthatinreality,therearefarfewerpeoplemakingmoneyofftheplatformsthanonemaythink.ShesaidmanyyoungAustraliansweregettingsuckedinbytheappealofmakingmoneyonplatformslikeInstagram,describingitas"totallyunrealistic"andextremelydifficulttodo."Youngpeoplearehopingtobefamousinnumbersthatweresimplynotthere20yearsago,"RosewarnetoldtheAustralianBroadcastingCorporation(ABC)onSaturday."Therearesomepeoplewhocanmakefortunesoutofmonetizing(使具有货币性质)theirInstagramposts,butthatisnotthenorm."ShesaiditwasuptoparentsandschoolstodiscouragestudentsfromseekingInsta-fame,asmanybelieveitisapossiblecareerchoice."There'sthewarningforparents;thisisnotanormalorevencommonoccurrencethatyoucanmonetizeyourInstagramaccount."MeanwhileToniEagerfromAustralianNationalUniversitysaidsocialproblemscouldarisefromspendingtoomuchtimewithsocialmedia."Wheredotheinsta-celebritiesgo...toseparatethelifepeopleseeonInstagramfromtheiractualnormallife?"Eagersaid."Allofasudden,peopleownyourprivatelife."8．Whyisthereasuddenrisein"insta-celebrities"?A．Manyyoungpeoplewanttobephotographers.B．Manypeopleseeitasashortcuttomakingmoney.C．Peoplewanttosocializebysharingphotosonline.D．Instagramoffersyoungpeoplemorecareerchoices.9．Theunderlinedphrase"gettingsuckedin"inParagraph4probablymeans"______".A．benefitingfromsomethingB．becominginvolvedinsomethingC．takingadvantageofsomethingD．beingsatisfiedwithsomething10．WhatmessagedoestheauthorconveybyquotingDrLaurenRosewarne?A．Youngpeopletodayaremorebusiness-savvythanever.B．YoungpeoplearebecominglessinterestedinInternetfame.C．Instagramisnotagoodplatformtopromotenewproducts.D．It'sabadideaforyoungpeopletotryearningmoneyonInstagram.11．WhatproblemdoesToniEagerthinkoveruseofsocialmediacouldcause?A．Anover-relianceonInstagram.B．Alossofpersonalprivacy.C．Lessinteractionwithpeopleinreallife.D．Thedesiretomonetizeone'sInstagramaccount.【答案】8．B9．B10．D11．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚的千禧一代中有很多人想将社交媒体发展成赚钱的手段甚至作为事业，专家对此表示了担忧。8．推理判断题。从第二段对于insta-celebrities的描述Theirconcernsfollowthesuddenrisein"insta-celebrities"whomakemoneybypostingsponsoredphotosonline.Fortheluckyfewwhoarenotonlytalentedphotographersbutalsogood-lookingandbusiness-savvy(有商业头脑的)，makingmoneyoffsocialmediaisn'timpossible.以及第四段中“theappealofmakingmoneyonplatformslikeInstagram”可知，社交媒体上的名人可以通过赞助来挣钱，即使你非专业，如果相貌姣好、有商业头脑也有机会靠社交媒体赚钱。所以判断出为什么“insta-celebrities”会突然走红是因为许多人把它看作是赚钱的捷径相当于一条捷径。故选B项。9．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“bytheappealofmakingmoneyonplatformslikeInstagram,可知，“受到在一些社交平台上可以赚钱的吸引，许多澳大利亚年轻人被卷入其中”。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，gettingsuckedin也应该表达的意思是“参与其中、卷入其中”。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据第三段DrLaurenRosewarne所说的话inreality,therearefarfewerpeoplemakingmoneyofftheplatformsthanonemaythink.可知，她先是表示通过社交媒体赚钱是很难很不现实的，做到的人也很少。再根据倒数第四段“Therearesomepeoplewhocanmakefortunesoutofmonetizing(使具有货币性质)theirInstagramposts,butthatisnotthenorm.”可知，有些人可以通过在instagram上发帖赚钱，但这不是常态。由此判断出，靠社交平台赚钱并非好主意。故选D项。11．细节理解题。最后一段“"Allofasudden,peopleownyourprivatelife”可知，突然之间，人们拥有了你的私人生活。所以Tonieager认为过度使用社交媒体会导致个人隐私的损失。故选B项。6.（2020届江西省新余市高考二模）Ifyoubelievethatscientistsandartistsaremostcreativewhenthey'reyoung,youaremissinganimportantpartofthestory.AnewstudypublishedinDeEconomistlookedatNobelPrizewinnersinthefieldofeconomics.Itfoundtherearetwodifferentpeaksofcreativity.Onecomesearlyinaperson'scareer,whileanothercomeslater.Theresearchsupportspreviousworkbytheauthorsthatfoundsimilarpatternsintheartsandothersciences."Webelievewhatwefoundinthisstudyisn'tlimitedtoeconomics,butcouldapplytocreativitymoregenerally,"saidBruceWeinberg,leadauthorofthestudyandprofessorofeconomicsatTheOhioStateUniversity."Manypeoplebelievethatcreativityisexclusivelyassociatedwithyouth,butitreallydependsonwhatkindofcreativityyou'retalkingabout."Inthestudy,thosewhodidtheirmostgroundbreakingworkearlyintheircareerstendedtobe"conceptual"innovators(创新者).Thesetypeofinnovators"thinkoutsidethebox",challengingconventionalwisdomandsuddenlycomingupwithnewideas.Conceptualinnovatorsarenotyetimmersed(沉浸于)intheacceptedtheoriesoftheirfield,Weinbergsaid.Butthereisanotherkindofcreativity,hesaid,whichisfoundamong"experimental"innovators.Theseinnovatorsaccumulateknowledgethroughtheircareersandfindnewwaystounderstandit.ThelongperiodsoftrialanderrorforimportantexperimentalinnovationscomelaterinaNobellaureate's(荣誉获得者的)career."Whetheryouhityourcreativepeakearlyorlateinyourcareerdependsonwhetheryouhaveaconceptualorexperimentalapproach,"Weinbergsaid.Theresearcherstookanovel,empirical(经验主义的)approachtothestudy,whichinvolved31laureates.Theyarrangedthelaureatesonalistfromthemostexperimentaltomostconceptual.Thisrankingwasbasedonthelaureates'mostimportantwork,classifyingtheminto"conceptual"or"experimental".Afterclassifyingthelaureates,theresearchersdeterminedtheageatwhicheachlaureatemadehismostimportantcontributiontoeconomicsandcouldbeconsideredathiscreativepeak.Theyfoundthatconceptuallaureatespeakedbetweenages25and29.Experimentallaureatespeakedwhentheywereroughlytwiceasold,intheirmid-50s."Ourresearchsuggeststhatwhenyou'remostcreativeismoreabouthowyouapproachyourwork."12．WhatdidthestudypublishedinDeEconomistfind?A．Creativitycomesatanyage,youngorold.B．Creativitytendstodecreaseaspeoplegetolder.C．Economists,artistsandotherscientistshavemuchincommon.D．Economistsaremorecreativethanartistsandotherscientists.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thinkoutsidethebox"mean?A．Followrulesstrictly.B．Experimentonboxes.C．Breakoldthoughtpatterns.D．Figureouthowtoescapefromabox.14．Whatdoweknowabout"experimental"innovators?A．Theyusuallycomeupwithnewideasallofasudden.B．Theymakediscoveriesthroughconstanttrialanderror.C．Themajorityofthemreachtheircreativepeakintheirtwenties.D．Theymakemorecontributionsthan"conceptual"innovators.15．Whatdotheresearchersbelievedeterminessomeone'screativepeak?A．One'spersonalitytype.B．Whatkindofjobonetakes.C．Howonehandlestheirwork.D．One'sattitudetowardtheirwork.【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过对一些诺贝尔获奖者事业生涯的研究，发现人的创造力会有两种峰值，这取决于你是哪种类型的创新者。12．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Itfoundtherearetwodifferentpeaksofcreativity.Onecomesearlyinaperson'scareer,whileanothercomeslater.”可知，这项研究表明，创造力的巅峰可能来自与事业早期，也可能是在后期，对应一个人的年轻时与年纪稍大时，A选项符合文意。故选A项。13．词义猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“Thesetypeofinnovators"thinkoutsidethebox",challengingconventionalwisdomandsuddenlycomingupwithnewideas.”可知，非谓语动词部分可以看作对这一短语的解释，意为“挑战传统智慧，提出新的想法”，也就是勇于突破一些旧的模式、框架。故选C项。14．细节理解题。根据第八段“ThelongperiodsoftrialanderrorforimportantexperimentalinnovationscomelaterinaNobellaureate's(荣誉获得者的)career.”可知，在一位诺贝尔奖得主的职业生涯中，重要的实验性创新经历了漫长的不断的尝试和错误。所以他们通过不断的尝试和错误获得了发现。故选B项。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ourresearchsuggeststhatwhenyou'remostcreativeismoreabouthowyouapproachyourwork.”可知，在这项研究中，决定创造力巅峰的就是你如何处理你的工作。所以研究人员认为是如何处理他们的工作决定了一个人的创造力峰值。故选C项。7.（2020届江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考）In2019,morethan125,000organs,mostlykidneys,weretransplanted(移植)fromonehumanbeingtoanotherintheUnitedStates.Butalackofsuitabledonorsmeansthesupplyoforgansislimited.Thathasledresearcherstostudythequestionofhowtobuildorgansfromtheverybeginning.Onepromisingapproachistoprintthem.Bio-printingoriginatedintheearly2000s,whenitwasdiscoveredthatlivingcellscouldbesprayedthroughthenozzles(喷嘴)ofprinterswithoutbeingdamaged.SichuanRevotek,abiotechnologycompanybasedinChengdu,China,hassuccessfullytransplantedaprintedsectionofartery(动脉)intoamonkey.Thisisthefirststepintrialsofatechniqueintendedforuseinhumans.Similarly,Organovo,afirminSanDiego,California,announcedthatithadtransplantedprintedhuman-livertissueintomiceandthatthistissuehadsurvivedandworked.Bio-printingcanhelpwiththedevelopmentofothertreatments.Organovoalreadyoffersitsprintedkidneyandlivertissueforuseintestingnewdrugsforeffectivenessandsafety.Thatshouldpleaseanimalrightsactivists,assuchtestscutdownonthenumberofanimaltrials.Itshouldpleasedrugcompanies,too——becausethetissuebeingtestedishuman,theresultsobtainedshouldbemorereliablethanthosefromtestsonotherspecies.Withsimilarpurposeinmind,L’Oreal,aFrenchcosmeticsfirm,togetherwithitsteam,isworkingonprintinghumanskin.Theyintendtouseittotesttheirproductsforsideeffects.Comparedwitholderandslowertechnology,bio-printingwillpermitL’Orealtogrowmuchmore,andalsoallowdifferentskintypestobeprinted.Therealprizeofallthiseffortwouldbetoprintentireorgans.Forkidneys,RootsAnalysis,amedical-technologyconsultingcompany,thinksthatshouldbepossibleinaboutsixyears.Livers,whichhaveanaturaltendencytogrowagain,shouldalsoarrivealittlebitsoon.Hearts,withtheircomplexinnershape,willtakelonger.8．Whydopeoplestarttoconsiderprintingorgans?A．Becauseofpoorqualityoftheorgans. B．Becauseofshortageofdonors.C．Becauseoflackofresearch. D．Becauseoflimitedtechnology.9．HowdoesRevotekdevelopbio-printingtechnology?A．Bytestingbio-printedorgansonpatients.B．Bydevelopinglivertissueintoamonkey.C．Bytransplantingasectionofarteryintomice.D．Bytransplantingabio-printedorganintoananimal.10．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A．Animalrightsactivistshatebio-printing.B．Entireprintedorganswillbeavailablesoon.C．Bio-printingcouldbewellreceivedinsociety.D．L’Orealprintsh