41javaee第一期-12课redis知识点讲义it教程

Redis介NoSQLNot-OnlySQL，泛指非关系型的数据库。它是为了解决高并发、高可用、高可NoSql典型应用：内容缓存，主要用于处理大量数据的高访问负载。数据模型：一系列键值对相关产品：CassandraHBase典型应用：Web应用（与Key-Value类似，Value是结构化的）数据模型：一系列键值对RedisRedisC语言开发的一个开源的高性能键值对（key-value）数据库。它通过提供多种键值数据类型来适应不同场景下的存储需求，目前为止Redis支持的键值数据类型如下：Redis2008年，意大利的一家创业公司Merzia推出了一款基于MySQL的网站实时统计系统LLOOGGSalvatoreSanfilippoMySQL的性能感到失RedisSalvatoreSanfilippoRedisLLOOGG这一款产品，而SalvatoreSanfilippoRedis开源发布，并开始和RedisPieterNoordhuisRedis的开发，直到今天。SalvatoreSanfilippo自己也没有想到，短短的几年时间，Redis就拥有了庞大的用户群体。HackerNews201212%的公司在使Redis的用户。VMware2010RedisSalvatoreSanfilippoPieterNoordhuis也35VMwareRedis。RedisRedis单机版安装配RedisRedisClinuxCentos6.4Redis第一步：在VMwareCentOS（Linux教程中的安装虚拟机[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#yuminstallgcc-[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#yuminstallgcc-[root@linux02~]#tar-zxf[root@linux02~]#tar-zxfredis-[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#Redis[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#makeinstall[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#makeinstallRedis前端启动[root@linux02bin]#./redis-[root@linux02bin]#./redis-启动缺点：客户端窗口关闭则redis-server程序结束，不推荐使用此方法后端启动[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#cpredis.conf[root@linux02redis-3.0.0]#cpredis.conf[root@redis01bin2]#vimredis.confdaemonize[root@redis01bin2]#vim[root@linux02[root@linux02bin]#./redis-server[root@localhost-0723bin]#[root@localhost-0723bin]#kill[root@localhost-0723[root@localhost-0723bin]#./redis-cliRedis集群版安装配redis-cluster架构细节客户端与redis节点直连,proxy层.客户端不需要连接集群所有节点,连接集群redis-cluster把所有的物理节点映射到[0-16383]slot上,clusterRedisRedis集群中内置了16384个哈希槽，当需要在Redis集群中放置一个key-value时，rediskeycrc1616384求余数，这样每个key都会对应一个编号在0-16383之间的哈希槽，redis会根据节点数量大致均等的将哈(cluster-node-timeout),master节点挂掉.master挂掉,masterslavefail状态。也可以理解成集群的[0-16383]slot映射不完全时进入fail状态。Ruby[root@redis01bin]#yuminstall[root@redis01[root@redis01bin]#yuminstall[root@redis01bin]#yuminstallredis-3.0.0.gemLinuxrubyredis的接口程序redis-[root@linux02[root@linux02local]#geminstallredis-[root@redis01src]#cpredis-trib.rb/usr/local/redis0707/-[root@redis01src]#cpredis-trib.rb/usr/local/redis0707/-集群的搭建过程Redis集群最少需要三台主服务器，三台从服务器。7001redis.confport7001注意：创建实例，即拷贝单机版安装时，生成的bin700170017002~7006实例，注意端口修改。 -- 29:700229:700329:7004>>>CreatingConnectingtonode29:7001:OKConnectingtonode29:7002:OKConnectingtonode29:7003:OKConnectingtonode29:7004:OKConnectingtonode29:7005:OKConnectingtonode29:7006:>>>Performinghashslotsallocationon6nodes...Using3masters:Addingreplica29:7004toAddingreplica29:7005toAddingreplica29:7006toslots:0-5460(5461slots)slots:5461-10922(5462slots)M:93f73d2424a796657948c660928b71edd3db881fslots:10923-16383(5461slots)S:f79802d3da6b58ef6f9f30c903db7b2f79664e61replicatesS:0bc78702413eb88eb6d7982833a6e040c6af05bereplicatesS:4170a68ba6b7757e914056e2857bb84c5e10950ereplicates93f73d2424a796657948c660928b71edd3db881fCanIsettheaboveconfiguration?(type'yes'toaccept):yes>>>Nodesconfiguration>>>Assignadifferentconfigepochtoeach>>>SendingCLUSTERMEETmessagestojointheclusterWaitingfortheclustertojoin....>>>PerformingClusterCheck(usingnodeslots:0-5460(5461slots)slots:5461-10922(5462slots)M:93f73d2424a796657948c660928b71edd3db881fslots:10923-16383(5461slots)slots:(0slots)replicatesM:0bc78702413eb88eb6d7982833a6e040c6af05beslots:slots:(0slots)replicatesslots:(0slots)replicates93f73d2424a796657948c660928b71edd3db881f[OK]Allnodesagreeaboutslotsconfiguration.>>>Checkforopen>>>Checkslotscoverage...[OK]All16384slotscovered.[root@localhost-0723连接集群命令：./redis-cli–h–p7001[root@localhost-0723redis]#./redis-cli-p[root@localhost-0723redis]#./redis-cli-p7006-c:7006>setkey1123->Redirectedtoslot[9189]locatedat:7002查看集群的命令:7003>clusterinfo:7003>clusterinfo:7003>:7003>cluster7a12bc730ddc939c84a156f276c446c28acf798c:7002master-01443601739754connectedconnected5461-10923-d8f6a0e3192c905f0aad411946f3ef9305350420:7001master-01443601741267connected0- 93f73d2424a796657948c660928b71edd3db881f014436017392506 d8f6a0e3192c905f0aad411946f3ef9305350420014436017422774 7a12bc730ddc939c84a156f276c446c28acf798c014436017402595维护节点（自学）添加主节点7007执行命令：./redis-trib.rbadd-node:7007hashredis16384个槽，集群中的每个结点分配自已槽，通过查看集群结点可以看到槽占7007[root@redis01redis0707]#[root@redis01redis0707]#./redis-trib.rbreshardPS7007分配槽，通过clusternodes7007id添加从节点700870087007命令：./redis-trib.rbadd-node--slave--master-ididipip和./redis-trib.rb./redis-trib.rbadd-node--slave--master-id:7008 id[ERR]NodeXXXXXXisnotempty.Eitherthenode[ERR]NodeXXXXXXisnotempty.Eitherthenodealreadyknowsothernodes(checkCLUSTERNODES)orcontainssomekeyindatabase70087007删除结点命令：./redis-trib.rbdel-node:7005[ERR]Node:7005isnotempty!Resharddataawayandtry需要将该结点占用的hash槽分配出去（参考hash槽重新分配章节Jedis[root@localhost-0723[root@localhost-0723bin]#serviceiptables-AINPUT-picmp-j-AINPUT-ilo-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport22-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport8080-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport6379-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport6380-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7001-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7002-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7003-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7004-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7005-j-AINPUT-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp-ptcp--dport7006-j-AINPUT-jREJECT--reject-withicmp-host--AFORWARD-jREJECT--reject-withicmp-host-prohibited~"/etc/sysconfig/iptables22L,1079C[root@localhost-0723bin]#serviceiptables[root@localhost-0723代码实现JedisClusterredispublicvoidtestJedisCluster()throwsException//创建一连接，JedisCluster对象,在系统中是单例存在Set<HostAndPort>nodes=newHashSet<>();nodes.add(newHostAndPort("29",7006));JedisClustercluster=newJedisCluster(nodes);//JedisCluster对象中的方法，方法和rediscluster.set("cluster-test","myjedisclustertest");Stringresult=cluster.get("cluster-test");}<!--<!--<beanid="jedisPoolConfig"<!--<propertyname="maxTotal"value="30"<!--<propertyname="maxIdle"value="10"<!--<!--释放连接的扫描间隔（毫秒）<!--<!--连接空闲多久后释放,当空闲时间>><!--获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数,小于零:阻塞不确定的时间,默认-1<!--在获取连接的时候检查有效性,默认false<propertyname="testOnBorrow"value="true"<!--在空闲时检查有效性,默认false<propertyname="testWhileIdle"value="true"<!--连接耗尽时是否阻塞false报异常,ture阻塞直到超时,默认true<propertyname="blockWhenExhausted"value="false"redis<beanid="jedisCluster"<constructor-arg<bean<bean<bean<bean<bean<beanprivateprivateApplicationContextapplicationContext;publicvoidinit()applicationContext=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext(}redis集群publicvoidtestJedisCluster()JedisClusterjedisCluster=(JedisCluster)jedisCluster.set("name","zhangsan");Stringvalue=jedisCluster.get("name");}Redis客户Redis[root@localhost-0723[root@localhost-0723bin]#./redis-cli-h-p-h：redisip-p：redis[root@localhost-0723[root@localhost-0723bin]#./redis-图形界面客户端（了解）连接超时解决远程连接redis服务，需要关闭或者修改防火墙配置。[root@redis01bin]#[root@redis01bin]#vimyyp[root@localhost-0723[root@localhost-0723redis-3.0.0serviceiptablesrestartiptablesACCEPT：filter[确定切换数据库使用命令：select数据库编号例如：select1JavaJedisRedis不仅使用命令来操作，而且可以使用程序客户端操作。现在基本上主流的语言都有客java、C、C#、C++、php、Node.js、Go等。推荐使用Jedis和Redisson。在企业中用的最多的就是Jedis，下面我们就重点学习下Jedis。Jedis同样也是托管在github上，地址： jar单实例连接publicvoidtestJedis()//JedisJedisjedis=newJedis("",//redisjedis.set("mytest","helloworld,thisisjedis//redisStringresult=}连接池连接publicvoidtestJedisPool()JedisPooljedisPool=newJedisPool("",Jedisjedis=jedisPool.getResource();Stringresult=jedis.get("mytest");}springjarspring配置文件<beansxmlns="http:///schema/beans"/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd"><!--<beanid="jedisPoolConfig"<!--<propertyname="maxTotal"value="30"<!--<propertyname="maxIdle"value="10"<!--<!--释放连接的扫描间隔（毫秒）<!--<!--<!--连接空闲多久后释放,当空闲时间>该值且空闲连接>最大空闲连接数时直接释放--><!--获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数,小于零:阻塞不确定的时间,默认-1<propertyname="maxWaitMillis"value="1500"<!--在获取连接的时候检查有效性,默认false<propertyname="testOnBorrow"value="false"<!--在空闲时检查有效性,默认false<propertyname="testWhileIdle"value="true"<!--连接耗尽时是否阻塞false报异常,ture阻塞直到超时,默认true<propertyname="blockWhenExhausted"value="false"redis<beanid="jedisPool"class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool"<constructor-argname="port"value="6379"publicpublicvoidtestJedisPool()JedisPoolpool=(JedisPool)applicationContext.getBean("jedisPool");Jedisjedis=null;tryjedis=jedis.set("name",Stringname=jedis.get("name");}catch(Exceptionex){}finallyif(jedis!=null)//}}}Redis数据类Rediskey-value格式存储的，对于valueHash注意：在redis中的命令语句中，命令是忽略大小写的，而key是不忽略大小写的 String命令赋:6379>settest:6379>settest取:6379>get:6379>get:6379>getsets2:6379>getsets2:6379>get删:6379>del:6379>del(integer)数值增:6379>incr(integer):6379>incr(integer):6379>incr(integer):6379>incr(integer):6379>incrbynum:6379>incrbynum(integer):6379>incrbynum(integer):6379>incrbynum(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decr(integer):6379>decrbynum(integer)(integer):6379>decrbynum(integer)-其它命令(自学向尾部追加于SETkeyvalue。返回值是追加后字符串的总长度。:6379>setstrhello:6379>setstrhello:6379>appendstr"world!"(integer)12:6379>get"hello:6379>strlen(integer):6379>strlen(integer):6379>setstrhello:6379>strlen(integer)同时设置/MSETkeyvalue[keyvalue…]MGETkey[key…]:6379>:6379>msetk1v1k2v2k3v3:6379>getk1:6379>mgetk1应用场景之自增主键key：items:id:7003>INCRitems:id(integer):7003>INCR(integer)Hashstringagehash命令赋HSETHSET1，当执行更新0。:6379>hset:6379>hsetuserusername(integer):6379>hmsetuserage20username:6379>hmsetuserage20username:6379>hsetnxuserage30 userage:6379>hsetnxuserage30 userageage30，否则(integer)取语法：HGETkeyfield:6379>:6379>hgetuser:6379>hmgetuserage1)2):6379>hmgetuserage1)2):6379>hgetall:6379>hgetall删除字:6379>hdel:6379>hdeluserage(integer)1:6379>hdeluseragename(integer)0:6379>hdeluserage(integer)增加数:6379>hincrbyuserage:6379>hincrbyuserage(integer):6379>hgetuserage其它命令(自学判断字段是否存:6379>hexistsuser:6379>hexistsuser(integer)userage:6379hexistsusernameusername(integer):6379>hmsetuser:6379>hmsetuserage20namelisi:6379>hkeys:6379>hvals1)2)获取字段数:6379>hlen:6379>hlen(integer)应用之存储商品信息ID1001Rediskey:7003>:7003>HMSETitems:1001id3nameappleprice:7003>:7003>HGETitems:1001idListArrayListLinkedListArrayListLinkedList使用双向链表方式存储数据，每个元素都记录前后元素的指针，所以插入、list10条记录也是极快的。命令:6379>lpushlist:112:6379>lpushlist:112(integer):6379>rpushlist:145:6379>rpushlist:145(integer)查看列:6379>lrangelist:10:6379>lrangelist:101)2)3)LPOP命令从列表左边弹出一个元素，会分两步完成：:6379>lpop:6379>lpop:6379>rpop:6379>llen:6379>llen(integer)其它命令(自学LREMcountvaluecount>0LREMcount<0LREMcount=0LREM删除所有值为value的元素。语法：LREMkeycountvalue获得/:6379>lindex:6379>lindexl:list:6379>lsetl:list22:6379>lsetl:list22:6379>lrangel:list0-1)2)3)4):6379>lrangel:list0-1):6379>lrangel:list0-1)2)3)4):6379>ltriml:list02:6379>lrangel:list0-1)2)3)向列表中插入元pivotBEFORE还AFTERvalue插入到该元素的前面还是后面。:6379>lrangelist0-1):6379>lrangelist0-1)2)3):6379>linsertlistafter3(integer):6379>lrangelist0-1)2)3)4)将元素从一个列表转移到另一个列表语法：RPOPLPUSHsource:6379>:6379>rpoplpushlistnewlist:6379>lrangenewlist0-1):6379>lrangelist0-1)2)3)应用之商品评论列表:7001>ment:1001'{"id":1,"name商品不错，很好！！list存储商品评论信息，KEYID，VALUE:7001>ment:1001'{"id":1,"name商品不错，很好！！SetsetRedis0(1)。命令增加/:6379>saddsetab:6379>saddsetabc(integer)3:6379>saddset(integer):6379>sremsetc(integer):6379>sremsetc(integer):6379>smembers:6379>smembers:6379>sismemberseta(integer)1:6379>sismemberseta(integer)1:6379>sismemberset(integer)运算命令A-AB语法：SDIFFkeykey:6379>:6379>saddsetA12(integer):6379>saddsetB23(integer):6379>sdiffsetA1):6379>sdiffsetB1)集合的交集运算AAB:6379>sintersetA1):6379>sintersetA1)2)集合的并集运算AAB:6379>sunionsetA1):6379>sunionsetA1)2)3)4)其它命令(自学:6379>smembers:6379>smembers1)2)3):6379>scard(integer):6379>spopSPOP:6379>spopSortedSetsortedset命令增加元:6379>zaddscoreboard80zhangsan89lisi:6379>zaddscoreboard80zhangsan89lisi94(integer):6379>zaddscoreboard97(integer)startstop之间的所有元素（包含两端的元:6379>zrangescoreboard0:6379>zrangescoreboard0startstop之间的所有元素（包含两端的元:6379>zrevrangescoreboard0":6379>zrevrangescoreboard0"lisi"zhangsan:6379>zrangescoreboard:6379>zrangescoreboard01:6379>zscorescoreboard:6379>zscorescoreboard删除元key中的一个或多个成员，不存在的成员将被忽略。key存在但不是有序集类型时，返回一个错误。:6379>zremscoreboard(integer):6379>zremscoreboard(integer)其它命令(自学获得指定分数范围的元:6379>ZRANGEBYSCOREscoreboard9097:6379>:6379>ZRANGEBYSCOREscoreboard9097:6379>ZRANGEBYSCOREscoreboard70100limit1:6379>ZINCRBYscoreboard4:6379>ZINCRBYscoreboard4:6379>ZCARD:6379>ZCARD(integer):6379>ZCOUNTscoreboard80:6379>ZCOUNTscoreboard80(integer):6379>ZREMRANGEBYRANKscoreboard0:6379>ZREMRANGEBYRANKscoreboard0(integer):6379>ZRANGEscoreboard0-1):6379>zaddscoreboard84:6379>zaddscoreboard84(integer):6379>ZREMRANGEBYSCOREscoreboard80(integer):6379>ZRANKscoreboard:6379>ZRANKscoreboard(integer):6379>ZREVRANKscoreboard:6379>ZREVRANKscoreboard(integer)应用之商品销售排行榜，Key:7007>ZADDitems:sellsort9100110:7007>ZADDitems:sellso