中考英语名词性从句专项练习

中考英语名词性从句专项练习·最新重难点分析名词性从句是历年高考的重点和难点，也是热点。名词性从句相当于名词，可作主句的主语、宾语、表语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句（见下表）。主语从句作主语，用that,whether,if,what(=thethingthat)等连接词引导。宾语从句作宾语，用that（可省略）,whether（ornot）,if,what(=thethingwhich)等连接词引导。表语从句用that（一般不省略）,whether,what(=thethingwhich)等连接词引导。同位语从句用that（常用在news,thought,idea,plan,suggestion,fact等词后），whether等连接词引导。一、主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主语谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。如：Whowillgoisnotimportant.谁将去不是重要的。1.it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子每一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.(主语从句)你没去看电影真是遗憾。Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.（强调句）谋杀案发生的时间是在早晨。2.用it作形式主语的结构句型例句1Itis+名词+主语从句Itisafactthat…事实是……/Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸……/Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识2Itis+形容词+主语从句Itisnaturalthat………很自然/Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是……（此句型后面常接虚拟语气should+动词原形）3It+不及物动词+主语从句Itseemsthat…似乎……/Ithappenedthat…碰巧……/Itappearsthat…似乎……4Itis/hasbeen+过去分词+主语从句Itisreportedthat…据报道……/Ithasbeenprovedthat…据证实……/Itissaidthat…据说……/Itisbelievedthat据认为/一般人都认为……2.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况说明例句1if引导的主语从句不可位于复合句句首Whetherhewillcomeornotinunknown.(正)Ifhewillcomeornotisunknown.(误)2Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前ItissaidthatJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.(正)Jiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(误)3Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.(正)Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(误)4Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.(正)Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.(误)5含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前Isn’tlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?(正)Isthatitwillrainintheeveninglikely?(误)二、宾语从句宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。说明例句1作动词的宾语由that引导的宾语从句（that通常可以省略）Iheard(that)hejoinedthearmy.我听说他参军了。由what,whether/if,when,where等引导的宾语从句Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.她不知道发生了什么。动词+间接宾语+宾语从句Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.她告诉我她将接受我的邀请。2作介词的宾语Oursuccessdependson/uponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.我们的成功取决于我们互相合作得有多好。3作形容词的宾语Iamafraid(that)Ihavemadeamistake.恐怕我犯了个错。4It可以作为形式宾语Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.我们听说她下个月打算结婚。5否定前移（若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式）。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。注意：that引导的从句常跟在某些形容词后作宾语，如：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,gald,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content等。也可将此类词后的从句看作是原因状语从句。三、表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。引导表语从句的引导词that一般不省略。另外，常用的含有表语从句的结构还有“Thereasonisthat…”，“Itisbecause…”，“That’swhy…”等。如：Thereasonheislateforschoolisthathemissedtheearlybus.他上学迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。四、同位语从句同位语从句是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。说明例句1同位语的功能(一般由that引导)对于名词进一步解释Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.国王做出释放那个罪犯的决定让所有人都很吃惊。说明名词的具体内容Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.所有的士兵都应该保持不动，这个命令是将军下的。2同位语从句在句子中的位置有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，被别的词隔开HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.他从玛丽那里得到消息——运动会被推迟了。五、whether,if引导名词性从句的区别说明例句1句首引导主语从句只能用whetherWhetherwewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。2if不能引导表语从句Whatthedoctorreallydoubtiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.医生真正怀疑的是我的母亲是否会很快从重病中恢复。3if不能引导介词后的宾语从句Everythingdependsonwhetherwecanmakeaplanthattheywillagreeto.一切取决于我们能否做出一个他们会同意的计划。4宾语从句是否定句只能用ifIaskedPeterifhehadn’tdecidedwhathewouldsayatthemeeting.我问皮特他是不是还没决定会议上他讲的内容。5discuss后的宾语从句只能用whether引导Wediscussedwhetherthemedicinewillcausesideeffects.我们讨论了这个药是否会引起副作用。注意：doubt作“怀疑”解，后接宾语从句时，如主句是肯定的，宾语从句用whether或if引导，如主句是否定，宾语从句只能用that引导。如：Idoubtwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.我怀疑他是否胜任这份工作。Idon’tdoubtthathecandoitverywell.他能把它做好，我不怀疑。一、基础训练1）.主语从句1.Whatweneed_________time.（be）2.Whathegaveme_____twobooks(be)3.______yousaidyesterdayisright.4.__________willwinthegameisnotclear.5.________hewillgoisunknown.6.______wecangetthereisaproblem.7._______yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.2)表语从句1Thequestionis_________wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2Thisis____wecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.3Butthefactremains___wearebehindtheotherclasses.4.Thereason______heislateforschoolis____hemissedtheearlybus.5.Iwaslateforschool.Itwas___________itrainedheavily.3）宾语从句1.Idon’tknow__________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.7.Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.8.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.9.Theteacherasked______Iwasgettingonwithmyclassmates.10.Wethought______strangethatshedidn’tcomeyesterday.4)同位语从句1.Weheardthenews___________ourteamhadwon.2.Wemustfacethefact__________wehadspentallourmoney.3.Ihavenodoubt___________hewillcomesoon.4.Thesuggestionthatthestudents___________plentyofexerciseisverygood.(have)1.that2.that3.that4.shouldhave/have二、考点练透一、单句填空用适当的连词填空，补全下列句子。1.Ican’tdecidedictionaryIwouldbuy.2.That’sherefusedmyinvitation.3.Iamveryinterestedinhehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.4.weneedismoretime.5.Thefactshehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.6.andtheywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.7.Pleasetellmeyouarewaitingfor.8.Isthatyouarelookingfor?9.Wouldyoupleasetellmethenearestpostofficeis?10.Idon’tknowhewillagreetotheplanornot.11.isdonecann’tbeundone.12.Takecareyoudon’tmakemistakesinthecomingexam.13.Tohissurprise,theumbrellawasnothehadput.14.wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.15.heiswillingtocomeisnotimportant.16.theyaremostinterestedinistheycanproducemoreandbettercars.17.Itdoesn’tmatterIrestornot.18.Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater.19.Ithinkitisyouareeatingtoomuch.20.CanyoumakesureAlicehasputthegoldnecklace?21.—Doyourememberhecame?—Yes,Ido.Hecamebytrain.22.Motheraskedmewaswrongwithme.23.theyhavewonthegamemadeusexcited.24.hesaysinhisreportisaveryinterestingquestion.25.Thatishefailedtoarriveontime.二、语篇填空根据短文意思用适当的词填空。Idon’tknow1youhavenoticed2somestudentsdon’twanttowalktoschool.Itcanbeseeneveryday3theirparentsdrivethemtoschool.Butnowadays,itshouldbebroughttoournotice4theairisseriouslypolluted.5canwedoaboutit?HereIhaveasuggestion6weshouldrideonourbiketoschool!7wecandoitwillnotonlyhavesignificantbenefitsforourhealth,8alsohelpimproveourenvironment.9wewillhaveabetterenvironmentdependson10wecandoforourselvesandfornature.三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Keepingcomplainingcanbeahurtininterpersonalrelationships.So,1(improve)relationshipwithothers,youneedtobeawareofseveralsensiblewaystocomplain.Tobeginwith,youneedtobespecific.Don’tsay,“Boy,didyouactlike2foolattheparty?”Instead,say,“Youembarrassedmebygettingdrunkandtelling3(offend)jokestomyparents.”Secondly,stickto