牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习

牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：8B被动语态讲解与练习一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。主动语态变为被动语态口诀:主变宾，宾变主，谓语变bedone,时不变,“be”要随着主语变.三、各种时态的被动语态的构成1.一般现在时：主语+be（is/am/are）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态

①Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.______________________________________________________________________②TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.______________________________________________________________________③TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.______________________________________________________________________④TheygrowriceinSouthChina.______________________________________________________________________⑤People

use

metal(金属)

for

making

machines.______________________________________________________________________⑥Wheredopeopleplantthetrees______________________________________________________________________2.一般过去时：主语+be（was/were）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态

①The

wind

blew

down

the

big

tree

last

night.______________________________________________________________________②MysistertookthesephotosontheGreatWall.______________________________________________________________________③Theybuiltmanytallbuildingsintheirhometownlastyear.______________________________________________________________________④Whendidyouinventthestrangemachine______________________________________________________________________3.一般将来时：主语+will+be(不变形)+过去分词done+其它或主语+begoingto+be(不变形)+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态

①Theywillbuildanotherbridgeinthecitynextyear.______________________________________________________________________②WillyouholdasportsmeetinginyourschoolnextFriday____________asportsmeeting____________________inourschoolnextFriday③Theyaregoingtoinvitealotofpopstarstothecharityshowthisevening.Alotofpopstars___________________________________tothecharityshowthisevening.④Wearenotgoingtoholdaparents’meetingtomorrow.Aparents’meeting_________________________________________tomorrow.4.含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be（不变形）+过去分词done+其它把下列句子改为被动语态①AmycantakegoodcareofTina.______________________________________________________________________②You

can

find

a

lot

of

differences

between

the

two

languages.

______________________________________________________________________③They

should

collect

money

for

the

project.______________________________________________________________________④We

can

finish

the

work

in

two

days.______________________________________________________________________⑤We

must

water

the

flowers

every

day.四、使用被动语态的注意点：1.感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to”即：----see/hear/noticesb.dosth.变为了sb.beseen/heard/noticedtodosth.----let/make/havesb.dosth.变为了sb.belet/made/hadtodosth.把下列句子改为被动语态①Thebossmakestheworkersworkallday.______________________________________________________________________②Ioftenhearhersingintheroom.______________________________________________________________________③I

saw

him

enter

the

readingroom

yesterday

afternoon.______________________________________________________________________④Daniel

saw

the

boy

run

yesterday.

______________________________________________________________________2.常见变被动的表达seesb.doingsb.beseendoinghearsb.doingsb.behearddoingwatchsb.doinsb.bewatcheddoingnoticesb.doingsb.benoticeddoingtellsb.todosb.betoldtodoasksb.todosb.beaskedtodoinvitedsb.todosb.beinvitedtodo把下列句子改为被动语态①Wesawthemplayingsocceroverthere.______________________________________________________________________②Heaskedmetobuysomesugar.______________________________________________________________________3.含有双宾语的主动、被动转换主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)主语(sb)+bedone+直接宾语(sth)+bysb主语(sth)+bedone+to/for+间接宾语(sb)+bysb把下列句子改为被动语态①Wegaveourteacherssomeflowers.Ourteachers___________________________________________________________________Someflowers__________________________________________________________________②Mymotherwillbuymeanewcoat.I___________________________________________________________________Anewcoat___________________________________________________________________③Lily

sent

me

a

New

Year

card

last

week.I__________________________________________________________________Anewcard___________________________________________________________________4.主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。要整体搬迁。把下列句子改为被动语态①Theylookafterthegirlwell.______________________________________________________________________②Heoftenlaughsatthepoorboy.______________________________________________________________________五、几种不用被动语态的情况：1.不及物动词（vi）没有被动语态,直接用主动语态表示被动意义。如：happen,cost,die,fall,start/begin,rise,appear,disappear,etc.用括号所给动词翻译句子①这台电脑花了我5000元。(cost)______________________________________________________________________②昨天他发生了一起事故。(happen)______________________________________________________________________③他爷爷3年前去世了。(die)______________________________________________________________________2.一些短语动词相当于不及物动词，没有被动结构,直接用主动形式来表示被动意义。如：takeplace,setout,cometrue,breakout,breakdown,comeout,belongto等用括号所给动词翻译句子①我校运动会将在下周举办。(takeplace)______________________________________________________________________②我的自行车坏了。（breakdown完成时）______________________________________________________________________③Ihopethatyourdream___________(come)trueinthefuture.3.系动词（linkingV）没有被动语态（seem,look,become,get,grow,turn,remain,stay,sound,feel,smell,taste等）用括号所给动词翻译句子①这食物尝起来味道很好。(taste)__________________________________________________②他的主意听起来不错。(sound)___________________________________________________③她的新裙子摸起来很柔软。(feel)_________________________________________________4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当他们与well,badly,easily等副词连用时表示主语内在品质或性能，无被动形式。常见的动词有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等用括号所给动词翻译句子①书很好卖。(sell)_______________________________________________________________区别：书在这家商店被卖出。______________________________________________________②这笔写起来很顺滑。(write，smoothly)_____________________________________________③这衣服很好洗。(wash)__________________________________________________________六、综合练习A.用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面)'s

said(据说)

that

the

long

bridge______________（build）in

two

months．

language

_______the

most

widely_______（speak）in

the

world

year

a

large

number

of

trees______________（cut）down．4.

The

students

_____

often

_____(tell)

to

take

care

of

their

desks

and

chairs.

5.

The

old

man

is

ill.

He

______

(must

send)

to

the

hospital.

6.

Vegetables,

eggs

and

fruits_________

(sell)

in

this

shop.

7.

What

_______

knives

______

(make)

of

？

They_______________(make)

of

metal(金属)

and

wood.

8.

Can

the

magazine

________

(take)

out

of

the

library？

9.

The

room

_____________

(clean)

by

me

every

day.

10.

The

stars

can’t

_____________

(see)

in

the

daytime.

11.

The

flowers

_______________

(water)

by

Li

Ming

yesterday.

12.

This

kind

of

shoes

__________

(sell)

well.

13.

How

long

_____

your

uncle

______(be)

in

the

city？

14.

The

food

_____________

(smell)

delicious.15.

Look!

Someone

__________(dance).B.按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。