UML被MDA用来描述各种模型它并不是为MDA而生PPT优秀资料

MDA:ModelDriven

Architecture荆玲MF0933014Summary1.Introduction2.MDAOverview3.DevelopinginMDA4.Prosvs.Cons1.IntroductionAheterogeneousworld…Programminglanguages:~3millionCOBOLProgrammers~1.6millionVBProgrammers~1.1millionC/C++ProgrammersOperatingsystems:Unix,MacOS,Windows(3.1->XP),PalmOSEmbeddeddevicesNetworks:Ethernet,IP,USB,

FireWireBluetooth,802.11b,

HomeRFDomainFacilitiesModel6millionVBProgrammersWecanagreeatanhigherlevelDifferentimplementationofmappingscangenerateverydifferentcodeormodelsWhatistheMDA?PlatformIndependentModels(PIM)PIM:anexampleWhatistheMDA?TheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)CWM（公共仓库元模型）提供了一种数据格式变换的手段，在任意级别的模型上都可以使用CWM来描述两种数据模型之间的映射规则，比如将数据实体从关系数据库变换为XML格式。WhatistheMDA?Wherecanweagree?HetereogenityhindersthedevelopmentofenterprisedistributedsystemsTherewillnotbeconsensusonHardwareOperatingsystemsNetworkprotocolsProgramminglanguagesWecanagreeatanhigherlevelMiddlewareMiddlewareAsoftwarelayerthatmaskshetereogeneityPlacedbetweenoperatingsystemsandapplicationcomponentsMiddlewareproliferation Middlewareitselfhasproliferated:CORBACOM/DCOM/MTSJava/EJBXML/SOAPC#/.NETNoneofthemprevailsovertheothersTheproblemremainsSolution Isolateinformationandprocessinglogicfromtechnologyspecifics.Buildplatformindependentmodels:UMLisindependentofCORBA,COM,EJB,XML,etcthusiswell-suitedasalanguagefordescribingMapthesemodelstospecificplatformsMaintaintheseparationattheimplementationlevel2.MDAOverviewDevelopinginMDAMDAapplication-modelingtoolscontainrepresentationsofPervasiveServicesandDomainFacilitiesallowingthemtobeusedand/orincorporatedintheapplicationviaamenuselectionPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)OperatingsystemsMiddlewareitselfhasproliferated:DevelopinginMDAMaintaintheseparationattheimplementationlevelDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(2/2)DevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(2/2)1millionC/C++Programmers1->XP),PalmOSOperatingsystems:MDA:ModelDriven

ArchitectureTheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)Anopenmembershipandno-profitconsortiumProducesandmantainscomputerindustryspecificationsforinteroperableenterpriseapplicationsSomeoftheOMGmembers:AT&TBEABorlandBoeingCACitigroupCompaqEricssonFordFujitsuGlaxoHPHitachiHyperionIBMIONAioSoftwareKabiraKCJohnDeereMicrosoftMITREMSCSoftNASANECNetGenicsNTTOASISOraclePfizerRationalSAGASAPSASSecantSiemensSprintSunUnisysVertelWhatistheMDA?AnapproachtoITsystemspecificationthatseparatesthespecificationofsystemfunctionalityfromthespecificationoftheimplementationofthatfunctionalityonaparticulartechnologyplatform“Designonce,builditonanyplatform”SomeKeyTermsModelPlatformPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)PlatformSpecificModel(PSM)ModelAmodelisaformalspecificationofthefunction,structureand/orbehaviourofasystemExamples:SourcecodeisamodelAnUML-basedspecificationisamodelModelsofdifferentsystemsarestructuredexplicitlyinto:PlatformIndependentModels(PIM)PlatformSpecificModels(PSM)PlatformTechnologicalandengineeringdetailsthatareirrelevanttothefundamentalfunctionalityofasoftwarecomponentDevelopinginMDAAnMDAtoolgeneratesallormostoftheimplementationcodeforthedeploymenttechnologyselectedbythedeveloperVerticalDomainsXMI是基于XML的元数据交换。PIMcanbemappedeithertoasingleplatformortomultipleplatformsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(1/2)1->XP),PalmOSAllMDAdevelopmentprojectsstartwiththecreationofaPIMPIM:anexampleUnix,MacOS,Windows(3.第二，模型可以使用图形化的工具维护模型了。TheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)1millionC/C++ProgrammersPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)DomainFacilitiesModel11b,HomeRFPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)A“formal”specificationofthestructureandfunctionofasystemthatabstractsawaytechnicaldetailExpressedusingUMLPIM:anexamplePlatformSpecificModel(PSM)SpecifieshowthefunctionalityspecifiedinaPIMisrealizedonaparticularplatformExpressedusingUMLextendedwithplatformspecificUMLprofilesPSM:anexampleBasicmodelingtechnology(1/2)UML–unifiedmodelinglanguage

UML被MDA用来描述各种模型。它并不是为MDA而生，但是作为目前最为风行的建模语言，UML已经占据了全球建模语言领域90％的市场份额，成为了建模语言事实上的标准，因此OMG将它作为MDA技术的基础是自然而然的明智选择。它是MDA的基础，也是MDA最有力的武器。MOF–metaobjectfacility

MOF是比UML更高层次的抽象，它的目的是为了描述UML的扩展或者其它未来可能出现的类UML的建模语言。由此我们可以看到OMG的"野心"，虽然MOF也不是为MDA而生的，但是我们可以体味到OMG的工程师们良苦的用心和长远的目光。Basicmodelingtechnology(2/2)XMI–XMLmetadatainterchange

XMI是基于XML的元数据交换。它通过标准化的XML文档格式和DTDs（DocumentTypeDefinitions）为各种模型定义了一种基于XML的数据交换格式。这使得作为最终产品的模型可以在各种不同的工具中传递，这一点是非常重要的，它保证了MDA不会在打破了一种束缚之后再被加上一层新的束缚。CWM–commonwarehousemetamodel

CWM（公共仓库元模型）提供了一种数据格式变换的手段，在任意级别的模型上都可以使用CWM来描述两种数据模型之间的映射规则，比如将数据实体从关系数据库变换为XML格式。在MOF的框架下，CWM使得通用的数据模型变换引擎成为可能。MDAinaSnapshotCoreTechnologiesCoreTargetPlatformsPervasiveServicesVerticalDomains3.DevelopinginMDADevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(1/2)AllMDAdevelopmentprojectsstartwiththecreationofaPIMPIMatthislevelrepresentsbusinessfunctionalityandbehaviour,undistortedbytechnologydetailsMDAapplication-modelingtoolscontainrepresentationsofPervasiveServicesandDomainFacilitiesallowingthemtobeusedand/orincorporatedintheapplicationviaamenuselectionDevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(2/2)PIMPervasiveServicesModelCallsDomainFacilitiesModelCallsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(1/2)Oncethefirstiterationiscomplete,thePIMisinputtothemappingstepwhichwillproduceaPSMCodeispartiallyautomaticandpartiallyhand-writtenPIMcanbemappedeithertoasingleplatformortomultipleplatformsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(2/2)PIMCORBAModelMapstoJava/EJBModelMapstoOtherModel…MapstoDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(1/2)AnMDAtoolgeneratesallormostoftheimplementationcodeforthedeploymenttechnologyselectedbythedeveloperRe-integrationonnewplatformscanbedonebyreverseengineeringtheexistingapplicationintoamodelandredeployDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(2/2)PIMCORBAModelMa