给师弟师妹2015by英语active reading

MapEmbarkationNavigationDestinationResourcesLearninghowthetypesofwork

peopledo

haschangedReadingho

perhastakenoverourworkinglivesUnderstandinghowtouse

irony

to

createempathyActive

reading

1:

MapActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationTraditional

jobs

in

Chinaand

western

countriesQuizJobs

in

modern

societyCareer

planningQuestionnaireTraditional

jobsDiscussionBlank

fillingTraditional jobs

inChina

andwestern

countriesLook

atthe

followingpicturesand l

theirjobs.matakerActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoretailorTraditional jobs

in

Chinaand

western

countriesActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreCarpenters

work

mainly

in

wood

but

are

able

to

useother

materials

as

well.

Some

carpenters

have

many

general

skills,

such

as

all

the

skills

necessary

tobuild

a

house,

while

others

focus

on

one

aspect,

likebuilding

stairs,

installing

doors,

or

framing

walls.Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationCarpenterMoreTraditional jobs

in

Chinaand

western

countriesActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationBrickmasonBrickmasons

arenotrequired

tobeformallytrained,butmany

ofthem

have

performed

anapprenticeshiporsomesortof

vocational

training.

Becausebrickmasonry

isadifficult

jobphysically,

those

whoare

abletoperformitare

usually

abletofind

work,asbrickmason

careers

aremost

promisingingrowingcities

with

alot

ofconstruction.MoreTraditional jobs

in

China

and

western

countriesuizQHe

attempts

to

prevent

crime,

and

generally

looks

out

forthe

health

and

safety

of

a

community,

he

is

achoose

correct

answerto

eachitem.Active

reading

1:

Embarkationfashionmodelofficer

.She

carrying

out

the

orders

of

a

doctor,

supervising

the

useof

medical

equipment,

observing

and

directly

caring

forpatients,sheisa

nurse

.She

or

he

is

someone

who

a

designer

usesto

sell

orshowcase

products,

such

as

clothing

or

perfume,

they

arefashion

model

.He

prepare

and

present

a

wide

variety

of

foods,foranywhere

from

five

to

five

hundred

people,

at

receptions,housepartiesandotherevents,

heisa

cook

.MoreuizQA(n)informs

readers

of

the

news

andchoose

correct

answerto

eachitem.Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationlawyereditorA(n)

editor

corrects

and

prepares

writing

for

publication.

Lawyer

advocates

for

his

or

her

client(s)

and

present

their

caseto

the

legal

system

in

such

a

way

that

the

best

possible

resultcan

be

obtained

within

thelaw.newspaper

reporterfinds

news

for

the

newspapers

at

work.A(n)

accountant

prepares

financial

statements

and

assists

withlong

term

financial

planning

for

both

individuals

and

businesses.Blank

fillingActive

reading

1:

Embarkationneeded

manyListen

tothe

passage

andfill

theblanks.There

are

many

methods

of

woodworking

and

eachculture

has

its

own

traditions

.

Artistic

wood

creationsinclude

architectural

decoration

on

buildings,

furniturefor

the

home

or

even

carved

animals.

For

example,

inThailand,

richly

detailedcarvings

from

teak

andotherhard

woods

are

an

important

part

of

ancient

palacesand

religious

buildings.

Woodcarvers

were

a

veryimportant

group

of

artists

.

Ayears

of

training

with

experts

to

be

awood

carver.

Wood

carvings

often

include

plant

formssuchasthelotusfloweraswellas

figurestaken

fromHinduandBuddhist

religiousstories.DiscussionActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationDiscuss

the

topic

in

pairs:

Will

the

traditionalmanualjobs

disappear

inChina?It

is

believed

by

a

group

ofs

that the

traditionalmanual

craft

skilled

jobshave

been

disappearing.What’s

your

opinion

on

it?Discuss

with

your

partners.Jobs

in

modern

societyActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationLook

at

the

following

pictures

and

Identify

their

occupations.fashion

designerastronaut

hairdresserMoreJobs

in

modern

societynailcosmetologysculpt

stylisttour

guidenursemaidActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreCareerplanningambitionsopportunitiesFactors

you

may

consider

when

choosing

a

job.Factors

inJobchoosingActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreCareerplanningActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationWhat

careeris

bestfor

you?Readthe

questions

anddecide

which

one

is

the

suitable

answer

for

you.MoreCareer

planning1.

Do

you

lovehel

people?If

“Yes”,

perhaps

a

career

in

one

of

the

“service”

fields

suchas

education,

health

or

social

work

would

be

the

best

choicefor

you.

A

few

positions

in

the

service

industry

you

might

wantto

consider

include:

teacher,

college

professor,

instructor,doctor,

nurse,

massage

the ,

occupational

the ,

lifecoach

or

social

worker.Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationMore2.

Do

you

enjoy

shop

?If

“Yes”,

you

might

want

to

consider

a

career

path

in

“retail”

as

abuyer

for

a

department

store.

Possible

retail

positions

include:store

buyer,

buyer,

retail

associate,

store

manager

or

assistantmanager.Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreCareer

planning3.

Do

you

enjoy

design?If

“Yes”,

Perhaps

a

career

path

in

“fashion”

or

“art”

or

“graphicweb

design”

would

appeal

to

you.

Positions

in

these

career

fieldscan

include:

fashion

designer,

graphic

web

designer,

art

instructor.Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreCareer

planningonnaireQuestiActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationDo

the

questionnaire

to

findout

yourthoughtabout

technological

change.One

student

pretends

to

be

a

member

of

his

orher

parent’s

generation

and

the

other

is

one

ofthe

younger

generation.After

each

completes

the

questionnaire,

youshould

compare

your

choices

and

discuss

yourdifferences.You

should

also

give

reasons

for

the

choicesand

conclude

how

society

has

changed.MoreWhensomething

goeswrongwithyourcomputer,you

.trytofixityourselfask

someone

tohelp

fixitspeakloudly

and

harshlyto

itthink

“What’sacomputer”Active

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreis

very

helpful

and

supportive,

and

solves

theproblem

quicklyis

rather

impatient

and

condescendingthinks

you’re

unbelievably

ignorantasks

for

help

with

their

own

problemsActive

reading

1:

Embarkation2.Wheneveryou

callahelp

desk,the

.More3.Whenyouneedtotuneanew evision,you

.Active

reading

1:

Embarkationread

the

instruction

manual

from

coverto

cover,

and

carefully

do

as

you’re

toldpress

AUTOMATIC

TUNING,

then

go

andmake

a

cup

of

teaburst

into

tears

and

hysterical

laughter,andhidebehindthesofaask

your

younger

and

much

smarter

sonor

your

cousin

to

tMore4.

If

you

had

the

technology

to

conduct

virtualmeetings

withfamily,

friends

and

co-workers,youwould

.Active

reading

1:

Embarkationuse

it

as

often

as

possible,

and

save

theenvironment

by

travelling

lessdecide

there’s

nothing

like

a

face-to-facemeeting,

then

use

it

once

to

prove

yourpointunplug

the

power

supply,

and

pretend

thetechnologyisn’tworkingstay

at

home

and

never

go

outMoreActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationTechnophobiaTechnophobia

is

a

strong

dislike

or

fear

of

technology.A

phobia

is

a

strong

feeling

of

dislike

or

being

afraidof

somethingor

someone,

e.g.some

peoplehaveaphobia

about

computers.MoreAnswersAnswers

with

mainly

(a):very

familiar

andconfidentwithtechnology;Answers

with

mainly

(b):Less

confident

abouttechnology;and

(d)

answers:a

lesseror

greater

extentoftechnophobiaActive

reading

1:

EmbarkationMoreText

organizationActive

reading

1:

NavigationText

explorationComprehendingthetextUsing

irony

tocreateempathyText

evaluationText

organizationReadthe

text

quicklyandfill

inthe

flowchartto

understand

the

structure

of

the

text.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreText

OrganisationActive

reading

1:

Navigationjobs

in

the

pastjobsnowadaysModern

childrencan’tvisualize

what

work

is

incorporate

AmericaChildren

may

get

puzzled

abouthis

parent’s

job.Text

OrganisationActive

reading

2:

NavigationJobs

in

the

past

are

visible

to

childrenSupporting

idea

1When

a

parent

said

he

was

off

to

work

the

child

knewvery

well

what

was

about

to

happenSupporting

idea

2The

parent

repaired

a

buggy

or

built

a

table,

fixedengines

or

made

horse

collarsBackText

OrganisationActive

reading

2:

NavigationJobs

nowadays

are prehensible

to

childrenSupporting

idea

1Even

grown

men

have

trouble

visualizing

what

otherman

does

in

their

jobs

with

his

daySupporting

idea

2Jobs

in

12-story

glass

buildingSupporting

idea

3Paper

occupies

nearly

everyone

in

the

buildingBackActive

reading

1:

NavigationComprehending

the

textLookatthe sentence

of

the

passage

andchoose

the

best

answer

to

the

question.Why

is

itnotsurprising

thatchildren

areunhappythat

oneday

they

will

have

to

“go

to

work”?

Most

of

them

have

never

done

any

hard

work

in

theirlives.

They

feel

demotivated

about

the

qualifications

they

willhave

to

get.They

can’t

make

up

their

minds

what

they

want

to

do.They

don’t

understand

what

most

of

today’s

jobs

are.MoreComprehending

the

textWorkinpairs.

Check

the

truestatements.Children

today

don’t

have

much

idea

what

jobs

theirparents

do.Nobody

makes

orrepairs

things

like

tables

anymore.Children

can’t

understand

job

titles

like

“systemsyst”.It’s

easy

for

adults

to

understand

other

people’s

jobtitles.Most

manufactured

goods

can

be

repaired

cheaplybymachines.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreComprehending

the

textWorkinpairs.

Check

the

truestatements.The

typical

office

in

America

is

a

12-floor

buildingmadeofglass.Typical

officeworkers

feel

they

are

notreally

working.If

youwalk

intoanyoffice,

morethanhalf

of

thepeoplewill

betalking

onthe

phone.

Almost

everyone

in

the

world

has

a

job

whichinvolvespaper.Active

reading

1:

NavigationActive

reading

1:

NavigationUsingironyto

create

empathyWhat

isirony?Irony

is

an

implied

discrepancy

between

whatis

said

and

what

is

meant.Three

kinds

of

irony:Verbal

irony

is

when

an

author

says

onething

andmeans

somethingelse.Dramatic

irony

is

when

an

audienceperceives

something

th haracter

in

theliterature

does

not

know.Irony

of

situation

is

a

discrepancy

betweenthe

expected

result

and

actual

results.MoreUsingironyto

create

empathyWhat

is

empathy?Empathy

isa

feeling

different

from

sympathy.

When

one

issympathetic,

one

implies

pity

but

maintains

distancefromanother ’sfeelings.Empathy

ismore

a

sense

that

one

can

truly

understand

or

imaginethe

depthof

another ’s

feelings.It

implies

feelingwith

a ,

rather

than

feeling

sorry

for

a

.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreUsingironyto

create

empathyWhatisempathy?MoreEmpathy

implies

sharing

the

load,

or

“walking

ain

someone

else’s

shoes,”

in

order

toappropriay

understandthat’s.Active

reading

1:

NavigationUsing

irony

to

create

empathyComparison

on

empathy

and

sympathyEmpathySympathyEmotionClose

bonded

relationshipsCare,

ProtectionRelationshipFriends,

Family,

CommunityPoor

and

lessfortunateRelative

toCaring, al

GrowthWisdom,

CharityExampleI

can

empathies

with

howaggrieved

you

must

be

atthe

loss

of

your

beloved.I

offer

mysympathy

at

theloss

of

your

lovedone.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreUsing

irony

to

create

empathyThe

writer’s

use

ofirony

in

this

passage

is

not

onlyintended

to

have

a

humorous

and

exaggerated

effect.

It’salso

meant

to

create

empathy

with

the

readers

and

toappeal

to

them

as

if

they

were

prehendingchildren.…

Most

of

these

conversations

will

be

about

paper,

for

paperis

whatoccupies

nearly

everyone

in

thisbuilding.…

and

thensent

toanother

man

for

comparison

with

paperthat

was

produced

intriplica astyear.In

these

paragraphs,

the

repeated

use

of

the

wordpaper

is

designed

to

help

us

see

a

man’s

work

in

termsofhow

his

son

might

see

it,

and

to

create

empathy

withhisunderstanding

of

his

father’s

work.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreUsing

irony

to

create

empathyWork

inpairs.

Look

atthe

sentences

andanswerquestions.Active

reading

1:

NavigationMoreUsing

irony

to

create

empathyActive

reading

1:

Navigation2

"

D

j

"

W

l

t

l3t

th

Oth

r

t

l

h

t

rt

i

thIt

emphasizes

how

repetitive

and

mundane

thework

appears.

People

all

appear

to

be

busy

atsomething,

but

what

they s

monotonous

andunnecessary.1

The

word

junk

here

indicates

that

the

products

are

ofalow

quality

andaremade

to

bedisposedof.The

word

junk

sounds

negative.

If

someone

makesisrubbish

products,

this

may

imply

that

thepetent.

Thus,

it

is

hard

for

people

to

admitthis.MoreText

evaluationActive

reading

1:

Navigation1.

According

to

the

writer,

what

has

changed

in

oursociety

within

the

last

generation?The

writer

believes

that

society

haschanged

a

lot.

This

society

doesnot

produce

anything

valuableanymore.

To

many

people,

worksimply

means

sitting

in

an

office

tomake

phone

calls

and

to

deal

withpaperwork.MoreText

evaluationActive

reading

1:

Navigation2.

Do

you

think

the

writer

approves

of

these

changes?No,

clearly

notI

had

written

aboutthe

society

and

workin

a

sarcastic

way

tomake

readers

reflecton

the

society.MoreActive

reading

1:

Navigation3.

Do

you

think

that

our

society

encourages

aculture

in

which

nothing

is

built

to

last?Yes,

I

think

so.

Because

we

are

encouraged

to

buythings

cheaply

and

change

them

quicklyaccording

to

fashion.

Ironically,

the

only

thing

lastslong

is

the

plastic

rubbish,

whi ay

take

a

longtime

to

rot

or

to

be

biodegraded

and

dissolved

inalandfill

site.Text

evaluationMoreActive

reading

1:

Navigation4.

Apart

from

employment,

what

other

areas

of

societyhave

there

been

similar

changes?

Think

about

socialwelfare,education, munications,

andleisureactivities.IntheWest,the

socialwelfaresystemmay,

in

reality,

encourage

people

not

towork

if

a

low

salary

job

is

the

only

realpossibility,

because

the e

may

beless

than

what

they

get

from

the

socialwelfare

benefit.>>>Text

evaluationMoreActive

reading

1:

Navigation4.

Apart

from

employment,

what

other

areas

of

societyhave

therebeen

similar

changes?

Think

aboutsocialwelfare,

education, munications,

and

leisureactivities.Nowadays,

education

is

a

way

to

give

peopleopportunities

for

work.

The

availability

of

jobsmotivates

peopleto

learn.Educationis

now

aimedtooffer

learners

both

thinking

ability

and

practical

skills.Text

evaluationMoreText

evaluationThe

revolution

inmunicationsActive

reading

1:

NavigationHowever,

can

thisreallyreplacepeople’sphysicalcommunicationandsocialization?MoreText

evaluationActive

reading

1:

Navigation5.

Do

you

consider

the

changes

to

have

hadapositive

or

negative

effect?Positiveng

repetitive

work

withoutthinkingLack

creativity

and

imaginationBackNegativeMore

leisure

activitiesFaster

to

communicateSummarisingActive

reading

1:

DestinationTalkingpointWorkingpressureNew

technologyVStraditional

way

of

ngthingsSummarisingSummarisethetext

byfilling

theblanks.In

today’s

American

jobs

are

not

what

they

used

tobe.

Not

long

ago,

when

a

father

was

asked

abouthisjobhe

could

answerin

terms

th hildcould

come

togrips

with

.

Nowadays,

when

the

parent

takehis

offspring

to

his

place

of

business

in

glass

buildingsthat

are

really_

prehensive

tochildren.What’smore,

it’s

safe

bet

that

even

grown

men

have

troublewhat

other

men

does

in

their

jobs

with

hisvisualizingday.

Therefore,

it’s

not

difficult

to

imagine

a

poor

childmay

answer

“

itbeat’s

me

”

after

mullin

er

themysteries

of

work,

when

his

friend

asks

him

of

his

father’sjob.Active

reading

1:

DestinationWorking

pressureActive

reading

1:

DestinationMoreLook

atthe

pictures

and

discuss

withyourgroupmemberstofindout

betterways

torelease

the

pressurefromwork.Due

to

the

fierce

competitionin

work

nowadays,

the

job-related

pressure

occurfrequently,

such

as

headache,stomach

upset,

heart

disease,high

blood

pressure

etc.Working

pressureHere

aresometips:Forget

about

perfectionism.Focus

on

the

process,

not

on

thee.Be

OK

with

mistakes

and

failure.Cut

down

on

busywork

andunimportant

stuff.Don’t

take

things

too

seriously.Don’t

listen

too

much

to

others.Active

reading

1:

DestinationMoreActive

reading

1:

DestinationNewtechnology

VS

the traditional

way

of ngthingsWork

in

pairs.

Please

discuss

the

advantages

anddisadvantages

of

new

technology

and

the

traditionalway

of ng

things.One

group

works

on

advantages

and

another

ondisadvantages.Choose

a

representative

to

debate

with

anothergrouprepresentative.Who

debate

with

each

other

that

you

cannot

use

thepoints

made

from

your

groups

without

adapting

themaccordingly.

You

have

to

make

a

point

according

tothe

point

just

raised

previously,

otherwise

the

pointseems

disconnected

to

the

argument.Talking

pointMoreNew

technologyVSthe traditional

way

ofngthingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationStudent

AThink

of

arguments

in

favour

of

new

technology.

Here

aresome

ideas:new

technology

makes

lots

of

things

easierthe

communications

revolutionimprovements

to

health

and

lifestylesthe

creation

of

new

jobsMoreNew

technology

VS

the traditional

way

ofng

thingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationStudent

BThink

of

arguments

in

favour

of

tradition.

Here

are

some

hints:our

traditions

are

part

of

our

culturenew

technology

has

put

many

people

out

of

their

jobsnew

technology es

old

technology

very

quicklytraditional

ways

are

tried

and

tested

ways

of ng

thingsMoreNew

technologyVSthe traditional

way

of ngthingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationExample:New

technology

has

made

everyone’s

life

easier.

It

has

improvedliving

standards

everywhere,

and

it

has

made

us

healthier

andable

to

live

longer

lives

and

also

happier,

because

we

can

havemore

time

to

relax

and

go

onholiday.

Point

which

isworthconsidering

isthis:

The

Internet

andother

municationsystems

have

given

people

alot

of

advantages

–

opportunities

toget

more

information

instantly,

to

connect

to

more

people

in

theworld

without

travelling

so

that

time

and

costs

are

saved,

to

workfrom

home

so

that

they

can

spend

more

time

with

family.

>>>Arguments

in

favour

of

new

technologyMoreNew

technologyVSthe traditional

way

of ngthingsActive

reading

1:

Destination(cont.)

And

there’s

another

point:

The

shorter

work

time

andmore

holiday

time

will

improve

people’s

health,

because

they

areless

stressed.

Thedevelopment

of

new

technology

also

createsnew

jobs

for

different

professions.

Forexample,

in

education,teachers

are

needed

inthespecialized

areas

ofnewcommunications

technology;

all

companies

and

industry

wouldneed

new

technicians

to

maintain

anddevelop

softwaresystems;thenewtechnology

itself es

anindustryformoreemployment.Arguments

in

favour

of

new

technologyMoreNew

technology

VSthe traditional

way

ofng

thingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationExample:Arguments

infavour

oftraditionThat’s

simply

not

true.

Technology

has

certainly

changed

people’slifestyles

everywhere,

but

not

necessarily

for

the

better.

On

thecontrary,

it

makes

people

busier

because

people

feel

they

have

toreply

toconstant s

andphone

calls

anytime

ofthe

dayand

anyday

of

the

week.

People

whocannot

escape

from

their

virtualworking

environment

cannot

relax

because

theyare

constantly

oncall.It

makes

people

lose

touch

with

reality

insociety.

For

example,with

onlineshop ,

everything

isvirtual,

butnot

real.

However,real

artifacts

are

a

part

of

our

history,

culture

and

life.

Tere

ismoreto

life

than

electronic

buttons

and

switches,

or

screens

and

phones.>>>MoreNew

technology

VS

the traditional

way

ofng

thingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationExample:As

amatter

of

fact,

new

technology

hasput

manypeople

outoftheir

jobs,egthosewho

didnot

receive

education

inusingnewtechnology.

They

may

feel

less

important

and

competent.

They

wille unhappy

and

negative

towardssociety.Since

the

new

technology

evolves

very

rapidly,it es

oldtechnology

very

quickly.

The

feeling

of

chasing

the

ever-newtechnology

can

givepressureto

people

whoare

inthe

industry

andto

others

who

have

difficulties

to

follow

the

latest

revolution

orfashion.

Society

maychanges.e

veryunsettled

bytheconstant>>>Arguments

in

favour

of

traditionMoreNew

technology

VS

the traditional

way

ofng

thingsActive

reading

1:

DestinationExample:We

also

know

that

often

new

technology

creates

disasters,because

we

have

notgot

enough

time

to

test

everynewinnovation

properly

to

see

how

well

it

really

works

or

what

thelong-term

effects

are,then

thefashionmoves

ontoa

new

phaseof

technology.

We

don’t

even

have

enough

time

to

see

thepotential

negative

effects

of

innovations

on

people.

Thetraditional

ways,

onthe

other

hand,

have

at

least

been

tested

bytime.

So

using

traditional

ways

will

have

minimum

risksonpeople

andsociety.Arguments

in

favour

of

traditionActive

reading

1:

ResourcesDifficul

tencesWords

to

noteLanguage

in

useInformation

relatedPreviewDifficul tence

1It

is

not

surprising

that

modern

children

tend

to

look

blankand

dispirited

when

informed

that

they

will

somedayhave

to

"go

to

work

and

make

a

living".

(Para.

1)look

blank

意思为not

understand

it。句型it

is

notsurprising

that

也可以改为：it

is

not

surprising

formodern

children

to

tend

to…dispirited

意思为low

in

spirits,or

depressed.现在的孩子要是有人跟他们说长大后要“去工作来谋

生”，往往会表现出一脸的茫然和沮丧，这并不奇怪。Active

reading

1:

ResourcesDifficul tence

2…

it

is

a

safe

bet

that

the

average

systems ystisasbaffled

aboutwhat

a

space

salesman

does

at

theshopas

the

average

space

salesman

is

about

the

toolsneeded

to yze

a

system.

(Para.

6)average:

lacking

special

distinction,

rank,

or

status;普通的。在As+adj.+as句型中第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，意思“为和

·

一样”，在句中做表语。一名普通的系统分析师肯定不知道空间在店里都干些什么，就好像空间对用什么来分析系统的也一窍不通一样。Active

reading

1:

ResourcesDifficul tence

3Constructed

as

a

piece

of

junk,

the

building

will

bediscarded

when

it

wears

out,

and