2018年杭州市文澜中学八年级下册期末模拟测试卷(含答案)

2018年杭州市文澜中学八年级下册期末模拟测试卷第一部分听力（共两节，15题，每小题2分，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中选出最佳选项。AWeknowmusicisveryimportantinourdailylife.Doyounoticemusicplayingatanyofthoseplaceswhenyougosomewhere?Todaymoststores,stations,restaurantsandotherplacesplaymusic.Youmightevenhearmusicinanofficeoronafarm.Scientistsbelievethatmusicinfluencesthewaypeoplebehave（行为）.Theythinkthatthesoundofwesternclassicalmusicmakespeoplefeelricher.Whenarestaurantplaysclassicalmusic,peoplespendmoremoneyonfoodanddrinks.Whentherestaurantplaysmodernmusic,peoplespendlessmoney.Withoutmusic,peoplespendless.Scientistsalsobelievethatloud,fastmusicmakespeopleeatfaster.Somerestaurantsplayfastmusicduringtheirbusyhours.Thismakespeopleeatfasterandleavequickly.Restaurantscanmakemoremoneyinthisway.Somescientiststhinkthatmusicmakesyouthinkandlearnbetter.Theysaythatmusichelpsstudentstobemoreactive.Itistruethatpeoplelearnbetterwhentheyarerelaxed.Andlisteningtomusiccanhelpyourelax.Thenexttimeyouhearmusicsomewhere,becareful.Itmightinfluencethewayyoudothings.Accordingtothetext,scientistsbelievethatmusiccan.A．CreatedifferentfeelingsforusB．HelpustodevelopgoodhabitsC．DevelopourinterestinmoneyD．InfluencenaturalenvironmentsWesternclassicalmusicmakespeoplefeel.A．slowerB．SomethingaboutmannersC．richerD．SomethingwithnewstylesWhichtypeofmusicbelowcanmakepeopleeatfaster?A．Lightmusic.B．Rockmusic.C．Sweetmusic.D．Softmusic.BRachelCarson（1907-1964）wasapioneeroftheworld'senvironmentalmovementthroughherwritingabouttheprotectionofthenaturalworld.Her1962bookSilentSpringmadeherwellknownbymanypeople.Itdescribestheharmfulchangesintheenvironmentofusingtoxic（有害的）chemicalsonfarmland.Carson'scareerstartedasabiologistintheUSBureauofFisheries.In1951shepublishedherfirstbook,TheSeaAroundUs,whichbecameabestseller.Itmadeherrichenoughtoleaveherjobanddevoteherlifetowriting.Shewasagiftedwriter.Hernexttwobookswerealsoabouttheoceansandbothtoppedthebooksaleslists.Carson'sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangethewayAmericathoughaboutnature.Itpaintedableak（荒凉的）futureforthewholenaturalworld.Itledtoanationwideban（禁止）ontheuseofadeadlychemicalcalledDDT,andothertoxicpesticides侬药）thatfarmersusedfortheircrops.ManypeoplesaythebookledtothecreationofAmerica'sEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Sinceherdeath,Carson'snamehascontinuedtobeconnectedwithprotectingtheenvironment.ThereisnowayearlyRachelCarsonBookPrize.NorwayawardstheRachelCarsonPrizetowomenwhohavemadegreatcontributionstothefieldofenvironmentalprotection.In1980,16yearsafterherdeath,shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom,thehighestcivilianhonourinAmerica.WhathappenedtoRachelCarsonin1962?Shestartedtowritebooks.B.Shegaveupworkingasabiologist.C.HerbookTheSeaAroundUssoldwell.D.HerbookSilentSpringmadeherfamous.WhatmostprobablymadeRachelCarsonleaveherjob?Shegotanaward.ShepublishedSilentSpring.TheSeaAroundUsbroughtherenoughmoney.TheUSgovernmenttooknoticeofherresearches.WhyisthebookSilentSpringimportanttoAmerica'senvironmentalprotection?Itdescribesasilentspring.Ittoppedthebooksaleslists.ItchangedhowAmericanthoughtaboutnature.D.ItincludesallCarson'sresearchachievements.CUpto65%ofchildrendon'tgetasmuchsleepastheyshoulddo,andthiscanmakethemnervousandsloweratschool,scientistssay.Sohowlongshouldyoungpeoplesleepeachnight?Theanswerisbetweeneightandtenhours.Ifyoudon'tgetenoughsleepatnight,you'llhavelessenergythenextday.Butthescientistssaymanychildrenhavemissedouton4,500hoursofsleepbythetimetheyaresevenyearsold.TheysaythatchildrenmisssleepbecausetheyhaveTVsandcomputersintheirrooms,andbusyparentsdon'treadtotheiryoungerchildrenatnightanymore.Thetraditional"bedtimestory"helpschildrentorelaxandfallasleeppeacefully.ChildrenwithTVsandcomputersintheirbedroomsweremorelikelytosleepbadly,andtogetlessthaneighthours'sleep.Evenlosingonehour'ssleepanightcanmeanthatchildrendolesswellatschool.Germanscientiststhinkthatyourbrain（大脑）keepsworkingwhileyouareasleep.Toshowthattheywereright,theygavetwogroupsofpeopleaproblemtoworkout.Onegroupwenttosleep,andtheothergroupstayedawake.Theresult?Thepeoplewhosleptworkedouttheanswermorequickly.Thisshowedthattheirbrainshadbeentryingtofindtheanswerwhilethepeoplewereasleep.So,makesureyougetenoughsleeptonight,andyou'llbeatyourbesttonight,andyou'llbeatyourbesttomorrow!Whatproblemdomorethanahalfofstudentshave?Theydon'tgetonwellwiththeirstudies.B.Theydon'thaveenoughsleepatnight.C.Theydon'trelaxthemselvesatschool.D.Theydon'tfollowtheirschoolrulesIfyouhavelessenergythenextday,you'llprobablyfeel.A.sleepy,slowandnervousB.tried,boredandworriedC.afraid,aloneandangryD.dull,lazyandcrazyAccordingtothethirdparagraph,whathasworstinfluencedmanychildren'ssleep?A.Theirparents'noise.B.Bedtimestories.C.ToomuchhomeworkD.TVandcomputersTheGermanscientists'experimentshowedthat.A.ourstudydependsonoursleepB.oursleephelpsimproveourhealthC.ourbrainworkswhilewesleepD.ourbrainworksfasterduringsleepThispassageinmainlywrittenfor.A.parentsB.schoolteachersC.scientistsD.youngstudentsDDonnaAshlock,a14-year-oldgirlfromCalifornia,wasverysick.Shehadabadheart.“Donnaneedsanewheart,”herdoctorsaid,“shemusthaveanewheart,orshewilldiesoon.”FelipeCarza,15,wasworriedaboutDonna.FelipewasDonna'sfriend.HelikedDonnaverymuch.Helikedherfreckles,andhelikedhersmile.Felipedidn'twantDonnatodie.FelipetalkedtohismotheraboutDonna.“Iamgoingtodie,”Felipetoldhismother,“andIamgoingtogivemyheattoDonna.”Felipe'smotherdidn'tpaymuchattentiontoFelipe.“Felipeisjustkidding,”shethought,“Felipeisnotgoingtodie.He'sstrongandhealthy.”ButFelipewasnothealthy.Hehadterribleheadachessometimes.“myheadhurts,”heoftentoldhisfriends.Felipenevertoldhisparentsabouthisheadaches.OnemorningFelipewokeupwithasharppaininhishead.Hewasdizzy（眩晕的）,andhecouldn'tbreathe.HisparentsrushedFelipetothehospital.Doctorsatthehospitalhadterriblenewsforthem.“Felipe'sbrainisdead,”thedoctorssaid,“wecan'tsavehim.”Theparentswereverysad.ButtheyrememberedFelipe'swords.“FelipewantedtogivehishearttoDonna,”theytoldthedoctors.Thedoctorsdidseveraltests.Thentheytoldtheparents,“wecangiveFelipe'shearttoDonna.”ThedoctorstookoutFelipe'sheartandrushedthehearttoDonna.OtherdoctorstookoutDonna'sheartandputFelipe'sheartinherchest.Inashorttimetheheartbegantobeat.Theoperationwasasuccess.Felipe'sheartwasbeatinginDonna'schest,butDonnadidn'tknowit.Herparentsanddoctorsdidn'ttellher.Theywaiteduntilshewasstronger;thentheytoldheraboutFelipe.“Ifeelverysad,”Donnasaid,“butIamthankfultoFelipe.”ThreemonthslatertheoperationDonnawentbacktoschool.Shehastohaveregularcheckups,andshehastotakemedicineeveryday.Butsheislivinganormallife.Felipe'sbrotherJohnsays,“EverytimeweseeDonna,wethinkofFelipe.ShehasFelipe‘sheartinher.Thatgivesusgreatpeace.”Welearnfromthepassagethat.A.FelipepromisedDonnatogiveherhisheartDonnaneededanewheartinsteadofherownthedoctorsaskedFelipe'sparentstodonatehisheartFelipenevertoldanyoneabouthisterribleheadachesDonnaknewnothingaboutFelipe'sheartuntil.A.Felipe'sparentstoldherthebadnewsB.theoperationwasgoingtostartC.shewaswellandstrongenoughD.shewentbacktoschoolItisclearthat.A.Felipe'sbrotheroftengoestoseeDonnainhospitalDonnacanliveanormallifewithoutmedicinethedoctorsdidseveraltestsduringtheoperationtheCarzahavegreatpeacebecauseofDonnaWhichofthefollowingmayprobablybethebesttitleforthepassageA.TheGiftB.TheOperationC.ThePeaceD.TheIllness第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。Dependingontheunderlyingcauseofyourdissatisfaction,theremaybeseveralwaystoincreaseyourjobsatisfaction.Changingyourattitudeaboutworkwon'tnecessarilyhappenovernight.Butifyou'realerttowaysyourviewofworkbringsyoudown,youcanimproveyourjobsatisfaction.Trythesetechniques:Payattentiontothemessagesyougiveyourself.Whenyoucatchyourselfthinkingyourjobisterrible,stopthethoughtinitstracks.Putthingsinperspective.Remember,everyoneencountersgooddaysandbaddaysonthejob.."Reframing"canhelpyoufindthegoodinabadsituation.Forexample,youreceivealessthanperfectperformanceappraisalandyourbosswarnsyoutoimproveormovetoanotherjob.Insteadoftakingitpersonallyorlookingforanotherjobrightaway,lookforthesilverlining.Dependingonwhereyouwork,thesilverliningmaybeattendingcontinuingeducationclasses,workingcloselywithaperformancecoachandhavingthesatisfactionofshowingyourbossyou'recapableofchange..Failureisoneofthegreatestlearningtools,butmanypeopleletfailuredefeatthem.Whenyoumakeamistakeatwork,learnfromitandtryagain..Gratitudecanhelpyoufocusonwhat'spositiveaboutyourjob.Askyourself,"WhatamIgratefulforatworktoday?"Ifit'sonlythatyou'rehavinglunchwithatrustedco-worker,that'sOK.Butfindatleastonethingyou'regratefulforandsavorit.Whetheryourworkisajob,acareeroracalling,youcantakestepstorestoremeaningtoyourjob.Makethebestofdifficultworksituationsbybeingpositive.Doingsowillhelpyoumanageyourstressandexperiencetherewardsofyourprofession.A.Stopnegativethoughts.B．Usepositivethinkingtoreframeyourthoughtsaboutyourjob.C.Learnfromyourmistakes.Lookforthesilverlining.Communicatewithothers.Begrateful.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。Bo,agoldenretriever,wonthisyear'sDogHeroAwardfromtheKenLRationdogfoodcompany.Boacted__36__lastJune.Boandhisowners,RobandLaurieRoberts,weregoingdowntheColoradoRiverina16-footboat.TheJune___37__wasBo'sfirsttimeinaboat.LaurieRobertssaid,“Thingswerefine__38___a6-footwavebrokeinfrontofusandfilledtheboatwithwater.Anotherbigwavecaughtusfromthebackandturnedthe___39__over.”Robwasthrownclear,butLaurieandBowereunabletomoveout___40__theboat.“EverytimeItriedto___41__,myheadhittheboat,”Lauriesaid.“Ihitthebottomoftheriverseveraltimes.I__42Iwasdrowning（溺水）."Robpickedupthestory,“Ireachedthelandand__43__Laurie,”hesaid.“IsawBoswimoutfromundertheoverturnedboat.Thenhe44__anddived（下潜）.Soonhecamebackup,pullingLauriebythehair.”Laurie,whowas__45___andbreathless,triedtocatchBo.Butthedogstayedoutofreachasisknowing___46__ofthemwoulddrownifLauriepulledhimunder.___47__LauriecaughtBo'stail.He__48___her30yardstotheland.Lauriewascutandbleeding,butshewas___49__.Ifithadn'tbeenforBo,50__Ifithadn'tbeenforBo,50__wouldn'tbehere.”LaurietoldeveryoneattheDogHeroawardsdinner.36.A.bravelyB.strangelyC.quietlyD.politely37.A.meetingB.matchC.tripD.prize38.A.sinceB.thoughC.unlessD.until39.A.dogB.wave36.A.bravelyB.strangelyC.quietlyD.politely37.A.meetingB.matchC.tripD.prize38.A.sinceB.thoughC.unlessD.until39.A.dogB.waveC.boatD.foot40.A.inB.behindC.underD.above41.A.getoutB.getdownC.getoffD.getalong42.A.promisedB.suggestedC.describedD.realized43.41.A.getout44.A.wentaheadB.turnaroundC.jumpedoutD.stoodup45.A.sadB.sorryC.afraidD.angry46.A.bothB.allC.neitherD.one47.A.AlreadyB.OftenC.BesidesD.Finally48.A.followedB.pulledC.ledD.pushed49.A.busyB.calm45.A.sadB.sorryC.afraidD.angry46.A.bothB.allC.neitherD.one47.A.AlreadyB.OftenC.BesidesD.Finally48.A.followedB.pulledC.ledD.pushed49.A.busyB.calmC.safeD.hurt50.A.IB.sheC.youD.it第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第二节：（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。MelbourneisinAustralia.Itisabeautifulcity51.hugegardens,greatparksandmany52.(amaze)buildings.Manypeoplecametovisititeveryyear.Melbourneisalso53.ancientcityinAustralia.Ithasaninterestinghistoryofmorethan170years.Thefirstpeoplecamein1835,andinthe1850s,gold54.(discover).Becauseofthis,Melbournebecameaveryrichcity.Manynewbuildingswerebuiltatthattime.Andtoday,Melbourneisoneoftheworld's55.(great)cities.Itisknown56.its57.(beautiful)anditsfamousuniversities.ItisalsoAustralia'stopcityfor58.(sport).Manyofthema