新高考英语一轮总复习提能练（十七）必修4UNIT2WORKINGTHELAND

高考提能练（十七）必修4Unit2WorkingthelandI.阅读理解A（2020•太原市高三年级模拟试题一）TheChineseDoctorWhoBeatthePlague（鼠疫）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zInthewinterofl910,Dr.WuLien-tehsteppedoffatraininthenorthernChinesecityofHarbin.Hewastheretosolveamedicalmystery,atgreatpersonalrisk.Overthepastfewmonths,anunknowndiseasehadsweptalongtherailwaysofnortheastChina,killing99.9%ofitsvictims.TheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridge-educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（流行病）.WhenDr.WuarrivedinHarbinonDecember24，1910，hecarriedlittleinthewayofmedicalinstrumentsandhadonlyoneassistant.OneofWu^firstactsuponarrivalwastosetupspecialquarantine（隔离）unitsandtoorderlockdownstostopinfectedpersonsfromtravelingandspreadingthedisease.Hehadteamscheckhouseholdsforpossiblecases，andevenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksofl911.OfparticularconcernwastheupcomingChineseNewYearholiday，whichhadbecomeagreatannualmigrationofpeopletravelingacrossthecountrytoseetheirfamilies.ThankstoDr.Wu'sefforts,thenumberofplaguevictimsbegantodecrease,andbyMarchl,1911,theepidemicwasfullycontained.Theplagueoutbreakofl910-1911lastednearlyfourmonths,affectedfiveprovincesandsixmajorcities，andaccountedforover60，OOOdeaths.ItisclearthatwithoutthebraveanddecisiveactionstakenbyDr.Wuitcouldhavebeenmuchworse.Hadtheepidemicgoneunchecked，allowingholidayrailpassengerstospreadthediseasetotherestofChinacouldhavemeantacatastrophiclossoflifeandpossiblyaglobalhealthcrisis.InAprill911,Dr.WuchairedanlnternationalPlagueConferenceinShenyang，attendedbyscientistsfromllcountriesincludingtheUnitedStates，JapanandFrance.TheypraisedDr.Wuforhishandlingofthe191011911outbreak.Foratime,Dr.Wuwastheworld^mostfamousplaguefighter,atitlehedefendedinfightingcholerainChinain1919,andaruturnofplaguein1921.语篇解读1910年的冬天一种死亡率极高的流行病席卷中国东北，在剑桥受过教育的伍连德医生被派去阻止这种流行病，他到达目的地后，采取了诸如设立专门的隔离病区、对感染者实行活动限制之类的有效措施，由于伍连德医生的努力，鼠疫最终被完全控制。WhatwasDr.Wu^missionin1910?A・Totakepersonalrisks.B・Toendanepidemic.C・Toprovidemedicaleducation.D.Toinvestigatethenumberofvictims.B［考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句uTheQingImperialCourthadsenttheCambridge-educatedDr.Wunorthtostoptheepidemic（流行病）”可知，清朝政府派遣在剑桥受过教育的伍医生北上，以阻止这种流行病。故B项正确。］WhichofDr.Wu^actsstoppedthediseasefromspreadingnationwide?A.Settingupspecialquarantineunits.B-Carryingmedicalinstrumentswithhim.C・Checkinghouseholdsforpossiblecases.D.Convincingauthoritiestoclosetherailways.D［考查细节理解。根据题干关键词"spreadingnationwide”定位至第二段最后两句中的“evenmanagedtoconvinceauthoritiestocompletelyclosetherailwaysintheearlyweeksof1911…toseetheirfamilies”和第三段最后一句可知，他说服当局在春节前彻底关闭铁路，防止人口通过铁路流动，从而阻止了鼠疫在全国流行，故D项正确。］Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?ThediseaseworsenedafterMarch1,1911.60,OOOpeoplewouldhavediedwithoutDr.Wu'sefforts.C・Theworldwassavedfromamajorepidemicin1911.D.Aglobalhealthcrisisfollowedthe191011911outbreak.C［考查推理判断。根据第三段尾句可知，如果疫情没有得到控制，允许假期乘坐火车的旅客将疾病传播到中国其他地方，可能意味着灾难性的生命损失，并可能引发全球健康危机。据此可以推断，鼠疫在1911年得到完全控制，有效阻止了其向世界传播，故C项正确。］WhatcanweknowaboutDr.Wufromthelastparagraph?A・Hecontinuedtofightepidemicsafter1911.B・Hewasinfectedwithcholerain1919.C-Hetraveledworldwidehostingconferences.D.Heclaimedtheplaguewouldneverhappenagain.A［考查推理判断。根据本文尾句可知，那时伍医生是世界上最著名的抗击鼠疫的人，他在抗击1919年中国的霍乱和1921年卷土重来的鼠疫中捍卫了这一称号。据此可推知，在1911年之后，他继续卓有成效地抗击流行病。故A项正确。］B（2020-辽宁省五校协作体高三模拟）Inalong-sleevedshirtandjeans,DieudonneTwahirwalooksnothinglikethetraditionalAfricanfarmer.The30-year-oldownerofGashoraFarmknowswhatadifferencethatmakes.“Youneedmorerolemodels,“hesaid,standingamongknee-highrowsofchilli（辣椒）plants.Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm,othersmaythink,'WhycantLdothat?'"TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMr.Twahirwa,auniversitygraduate,boughtafriend^tomatofarmsixyearsagoforS15O.Hemade$1，500backintwomonths.uYouhavetolinkfarmingwithentrepreneurshipandrealnumbers,hesaid.ManyyoungAfricansareabandoningareasinthecountryside,choosingnottoworkhardandforalongtimeinthefields一ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange.ButTwahirwaisoneofthegrowingbandofsuccessfulfarmersworkingtomakeagriculture'simageonthecontinentmoreattractive.Somel，OOOfarmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisown,andexportsfreshanddriedchilliesandoiltoBritain,theUnitedStates,India,andKenya.Africahastheworld,syoungestpopulationand65percentofitsuncultivatedarableland（^idlJn^^源）.Yetaccessinglandandloansisdifficult,andAfricanproductivityislowwithcropyieldsjust56percentoftheinternationalaverage.•'Agricultureismainlyassociatedwithsufferingandnoyoungpersonwantstosuffer，"saidTamaraKaunda.ShebelievesAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsoldfashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe."Showyoungpeopletractors,greenfields,niceirrigationsystemsandsmartphones,nshesaid.Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculturedoesnotmeantheyhavetoworkonafarm.Forexample,incoffeeproduction，thebeansgofromthefarmtothewashingstation，thentobeseparatedfromthehusks（夕卜壳）.语篇解读非洲青年DieudonneTwahirwa从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，获得了巨大的回报；非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业；DieudonneTwahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。Whatdoes“Whycan'tldothat?”inParagraph2mean?A・Whycan^Idrivetothefarm?B.Whycan^theyfarm?C・Theyfollowtheexampleofthosefarmers.D・Theyboughtafriend'stomatofarm.C［考查句意理解。根据第二段中的Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm,othersmaythink,Whycan'tldothat?'"可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。］Whatmakesitharderforfarmerstowork?A.Poorland.B.Climate.C.Lowincome.D.Longworkinghours.B［考查细节理解。根据第四段“ManyyoungAfricansareabandoningareasinthecountryside...ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。］WhatcanwelearnaboutTwahirwaaccordingtoParagraph5?A・Hemadeafortunebygrowingchillies.Hischilliesaresuperbintheworld.C・Farmersworkingforhimliveasimplelife.D・Thelocalsaren^willingtobuyhischillies.A［考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Somel,OOOfarmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisownn可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。B项中的superb意为“质量极高的”。］8.WhenitcomestoagricultureinAfrica，whatdopeoplethinkaboutit?A・Loansaredifficult.B-Mostlandisuncultivated.C・Cropyieldsareratherlow.D・Farmingmethodsareoutofdate.D［考查推理判断。根据第七段中的uAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold-fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。］II.七选五（2021•山东省部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试）Criticism（批评）isharmfultohealthyrelationships.It'sokaytoexpressdisappointmentifsomeoneisbehavinginawaythathurtsyou.Thefollowingaresomewaystocatchcriticismbeforeitbegins.2Beforeyoucriticize，pauseandconsiderwhetheryoureallyneedtosayanythingatall.Ifsomeonedidsomethingtogetonyournerves,wouldyoureallyneedtopointitout?Sometimes，it^besttoletsmallrudenessgo.Takeafewdeepbreathsandleavetheroominsteadofcriticizing.Berealistic.Criticalpeopleoftenhaveveryhighexpectationsofthosearoundthem.Yourtendencytocriticizemaycomefromexpectingtoomuchfromothers.Sometimesyoumayfindyourselfconsistentlyannoyedordisappointedwithothers.3TOC\o"1-5"\h\zSeparatetheindividualsfromtheiractions.Criticalpeopleoftenfocusonthenegativeaspectsofasituationoraperson,failingtoseegoodqualitiesalongsidenegativeones.Ifyoufindyourselfmakingassumptionsaboutapersonfscharacter，stopyourself.4Weallbehavepoorlysometimes,butasingleactionisnotareflectionofthecharacter.Focusonpositives.Oftentimes,beingcriticalresultsfromhowyou'rechoosingtoseeasituation.5However,thevastmajorityofpeoplehavegoodqualitiesthatoutweighthebadones.Trytofocusonaperson^positivequalitiesovertheimegativeones.A・Nevercriticizeothers.B.Thinkbeforeyouspeak.C・Everyonehasdrawbacksandimperfections.D-Itmaybeagoodideatoadjustyourexpectations.Weshouldfocusonotherpeople^disappointingactions.Trytoseparateadisappointingactionfromthepersondoingtheaction.G・Beingoverlycritical,however,cancausetensioninarelationshipovertime.语篇解读批评对健康的人际关系有害，本文介绍了几种在批评开始前将其拦住的方法。G［考查上下文衔接。该空前一句说如果有人的行为伤害了你，表达失望是可以的，空后又表达下面是一些在批评开始前拦住它的方法，空处前后表示语义上的转折，故选G项“然而，过于挑剔会导致一段关系随着时间的推移而紧张”。］B［考查段落小标题。该空需要填的是本段的小标题