译林版英语九年级上册unit8定语从句讲解和练习

中考英语定语从句讲解及练习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that。引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why。关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语（口语中也可做宾语），修饰表示人的先行词。Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn'sbrother.二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。Thedoctor（whom）youarelookingforisintheroom.Theperson（whom）youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.（介词后whom不能省略）Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.（固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。lookfor/lookafter/takecareof/puton/takeoff...）三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词。DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.四、that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略，不能放在介词后面作宾语.（that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which）Theletter（that//which）Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.Ican'tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedays（that//which）wespenttogether?（这个先行词在句中作spend的宾语,不能用when）Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme.Thehouse（that//which）weliveinisnotlarge.=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.=Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge.Thedoctor（that//whom//who）youarelookingforisintheroom.五、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。Thisisthebook（which/that）youwant.Thebuildingwhich〃thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.（先行词在从句中作主语）Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.（介词后面的which不能省略）=Theroomwherethereisamachineisaworkshop.（先行词在从句中作状语）Thehouse（which/that）weliveinisnotlarge.（先行词在从句中作inlive宾语）=Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge.（先行词在从句中作live的状语）Thisisthewatch（which/that）hewaslookingfor.六、只能用that的情况小结：1.在there+be的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。TherearetwonovelsthatIwanttoread.我要读的有两本小说。Thereisnoworkthatcanbedonenow.没有什么工作现在能做的了。2.当先行词为主句的表语Thisisthebookthatwasboughtyesterday.这就是昨天买的书。Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的学校.3.以Hereis（are）开头的句子时。Hereisafilmthatwillmoveanyone,这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。HerearetwobooksthatIwillbuy.这是我要买的两本书。4.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者inwhich在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，可省略。Thisisthewaythatmyfatherdidthiswork.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。SheadmiredthewayinwhichIansweredthequestions,她羡慕我回答问题的方式。A5.当先行词被thelast,thevery和theonly修饰时。ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.这正是我找的钢笔。TheonlybookIwanttoreadismissing.我唯一想看的书不见了。Thelaststudentthatcameinishertwinbrother.6.当先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时。YouarethefirstpersonthatIwanttoaskfor•你是我要见的第一个人。ThisisthesecondbookthatIhaveeverwritten.这是我写的第二本书。7.当先彳亍词为anything、everything>nothing、anybody>nobody、all,或被all、every,no,some,few,little,much,both等修饰时，但用something时，用which或者that均可EverythingwehaveseeninChinaismoving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。Ihavenothingthatisworthreading.EverythingwehaveseeninChinaismoving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。ThisisallthatIwanttosayatthemeeting.这就是我在会上要说的。Haveyouanybooksthatareworthreading?你有值的看的书吗？8.当先行词既指人又指物时。TheprofessorandhisachievementthatIheardaboutareadmiredbythem.Let'stalkaboutthepersonsandthethingsthatwecanremember.七、由when引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词，when为关系副词，做定语从句的时间状语。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.（介词+which可以代替when）I'llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.Irememberthedayswhich//thatwespenttogether.^spent的宾语。思考：两个句中的关系词能否互换？为什么？八、由where引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where为关系副词，做定语从句的地点状语。Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.（介词+which可以代替where）Thisisaplacewhich/thatIwantedtovisit.ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.思考：四个句中的关系词能否互换？为什么？九、Why引导的定语从句，why做原因状语。Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.（for+which可以代替why）Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslatewasthathewasill.△十、关系代词在从句中作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。ThestudentwhoisgoodatEnglishstudieshard.ThestudentswhoaregoodatEnglishstudyhard.十一、定语从句可分为两大类，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词（不用逗号隔开）如：Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起补充、说明的作用,也就是说即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响。主从句之间常用逗号分开，且：△非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。ThiswastheAmericanCivilWar,whichlasted4yearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.练习：一、把两句合并成一个定语从句。Thewomanisherenow.Thebuswasthewrongone.Thewomanisherenow.Thebuswasthewrongone.Thewallethasbeenfound..Therecorderhasbeenstolen.Youweretalkingabouther.XiaoLiwasrunningafterit.Mr.Hopkinswaslookingforit.Wangspentallthemoneyonit.5.Westayedinahotel.Jasonstayedinthehotellastyear.lovesunnydays.Onsunnydaysyoudon'tneedtowearacoat.lentmybiketoafriend.Thefriendiscomingtomyhousetoday.Mycousingoestoaschool.TheschoolisthebestinGuangzhou.Mybrotherplaysinthefootballteam.Theteamwonthematch.二、用下划线划出定语从句。Doyourememberthedatewhenthefirstmanlandedonthemoon?ShuttleworthwenttotheplacewhereTitolived.TheairportatwhichArmstronglearnedtoflywasnearhishome.ThemantowhomShutteworthspokeinspacewasTito.三、在横线上填入关系词。Fillinthegapswithwhen,where,orpreposition+which/whom.TheplaceNeilArmstronglivedasaboyisOhio,USA.MybirthdayIgotlotsofpresentswasonFriday!Theladyyouwroteyourletterismymum.Thechairthefatmanwassittingbroke.Thebedyousleptlastnightis100yearsold.TomorrowisthedayIgetmyexamresults.Thisyearwe5regoingonholidaytotheplacemyparentsfirstmet.DrSmithIhavelearnedalotisaveryniceman.ChristmasDayisadaythefamilygetstogether.Thechildrenheistalkingarehisstudents.FridayIhavemypianolesson,isthebusiestdayofmyweek.YouaretheonlypersonIcantalkaboutmyproblem.Thebuildingweusedtoworkwillbetorndownnextyear.ThemanIsentthepackagelivesonBeijingRoad.England,Johncomes,isinEurope.Theteacher,Tomfeltsorry,ishisclassteacher.TheanswerIwassurehasbeenprovedright.四、用关系代词（that、which、who>whom、whose）或关系副词（when、where>why）填空。Thisisthemanwantstoseeyou.ThestudentansweredthequestionisZhangHua.Themanyouwenttoseehascome.ThemanImetyesterdaylentmesomemoney..Thewomanyousawisourgeographyteacher.Hereisthepenyoulostthedaybeforeyesterday.Thesebooksyoulentmewereveryuseful.Aclockisamachinetellspeoplethetime.ThisistheshirtIboughtyesterday.Thebookisonthetableismine.Thefilmtheyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.IwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplacesIhaveevervisited.IsthereanyonefamilyisinBeijing?Showmetheboymotherisawell-knownsinger.TheboyfatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.Idon'tknowthereasonhewaslatefortheclass.Abirthdayisthedateonewasborn.DoyouknowthereasonnoonequestionedAristotle'stheoryforabout2,000years?Doyoustillrememberthedayswespenttogetherlastterm?ShanghaiisthecityIwasbom.ThehouseIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.IstillrememberthedayIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewegottogetherfinallycame.Pleasetellmethereasonyoumissedtheplane.・Idon'tknowthereasonhelooksunhappytoday.EverythingIknowwillbetaughttothestudents.ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.Themanagerwalkedtowardthegatetheworkersarewaiting.Youcan'tgointothisroomtheyarehavingameeting.Istillrememberthedayswestudiedtogether.ThepicturehasahouseandflowersistheoneIlikebest.Herparentswouldn'tlethermarryanyonefamilywaspoor.Tom,parentsarepoorworkers,alwaysgoeshungry.TheboysareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrow.Footballisagameislikedbymostboys..1visitedascientistnameisknownalloverthecountry.Helikestoreadbooksarewrittenbyforeignwriters.Theseasoncomesafterspringissummer.*41・Hesucceededinthecompetition,madehisparentsveryhappy.Thereasonhewaspunishedisunknowntous.Theschoolheoncestudiedisveryfamous..1stillrememberthedayIfirstcametothisschool.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisited.Thereisnothingintheworldcanfrightenhim.*47・Shewearsagoldring,isveryuncommoninourclass.Wevisitedafactorymakestoysforchildren.Isthistheplaceyourfatheroncelived?TilneverforgetthedaysIjoinedtheLeague..1stillrememberthenightIfirstcametothehouse.Filneverforgetthedaywemeteachotherlastweek.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,isthebestseasonthere.1willneverforgetthedaysIspentwithyourfamily.Tilneverforgetthelastdaywespenttogether.ThisistheschoolIusedtostudy.Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedlastweek?Doyoustillremembertheplacewevisitedthepaintingexhibition?HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,isfamousfortheWestLake?Itisthethirdtimeyouhavemadethesamemistake.YouaretheonlypersonIcantalkaboutmyproblem.Thebuildingweusedtoworkwillbetorndownnextyear.TomorrowisthedayIgetmyexamresults.Thisyearwe'regoingonholidaytotheplacemyparentsfirstmet.DrSmithIhavelearnedalotisaveryniceman.ChristmasDayisadaythefamilygetstogether.ThisistheplaceHarryPotterfirstarrivesatthemagicschool.TheschoolDengXiaopingstudiedasachildisnowamuseum.五.用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.8.1enjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.9.1preferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.spoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.六、单项选择。()Thisisthebagmymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this()ThemanlivesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./()ThegirlyousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as()Isthisthefactoryalotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom()Isthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./()Theonlylanguageiseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it()Thegirlhandedeverythingshehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all()cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho()Pleaseshowmethebookyouboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this().ThisisthebestbookIhavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./().Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethatwrittenbyhim.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are()Themanwasherejustnowisadoctor..A.whomB.whoC./D.he()Theboyhastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor()Thosemadenomistakesintoday'sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who()Don'tgoin,thisistheshopwehavejustbeen.A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,there().HeisthemostcarefulboyIknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD../().ThisistheschoolMr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthatB.whenC.whereD.there

().Haveyouvisitedthehousethefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.which(((((((A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which)Doyoustillrememberthedaywefirstmet?D.onthatA.thatB.whenC.what)Thetimewestudiedtogetherisnoteasilyforgotten.D.onthatA.thatB.whenC.whereD.inwhich)October1,1949isthedaywe'llneverforget.D.inwhichA.whenB.thatC.where()October1,1949wasthedaythePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.D.inwhichA.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich(Isthistheshopsellschildren'sclothing?A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.what)Isthismuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone)1.Doyouknowthegirlnecklacehasbeenstolen?A.herB.whichC.thatD.whose)2.WhenshecamebackfromLondon,shetoldusabouttheschoolsandteachersshehadvisited.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.where()3.WhoistheboyisspeakingthereA.whomB.whichC.thatD.who()4.DavidisoneoftheforeignteacherswhoinChina.A.isworkingB.worksC.hasworkedD.work()5.Thenotebookcoverisredismine.()A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that()6.ThisistheverybookIbadlyneed.A.towhichB.thatC.whichD.what()7.Therewasnothingintheworldhewasafraidof.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whose()8.1foundlittlehedidn'tknowabouthistory.A.whatB.whoseC.thatD.which()9.Thisisthethirdcitytheforeignfriendshavepaidavisitto.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.inwhich()10.ThebestbooksIborrowedfromthelibraryareallhere.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whatever()11.ThelastplacetheforeignguestsvisitedinChinawasHangZhou.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that()12.ThemanIamgoingtomeetatthestationisProfessorSmith.A.withwhomB.whoeverC.whomD.whose()13.Don'ttalkaboutsuchthingsofyouarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those()14.Isthisthefactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone()15.Isthisthefactoryheworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone()16.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplacescouldn'tbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat()17.1don5tlikeyouspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich()18.——Doyouknowthetownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeIhere.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming()19.1,yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.whatis()20.Ifsthethirdtimelatethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou'vearrivedD.whenyou'vearrived中考题：Johnistheboylegswerebadlyhurtintheaccident.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.whichThefirstthingmybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.whoThestory_Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.whereTheteacherscameforavisitareforeigners.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whichTony,tellmetheresultofthediscussionyouhadwithyourdadyesterday.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who—Haveyouseenawomanhatispink?—Sorry.Ididn'tnoticethat.A.thatB.whatC.whoseJaneisoneofthestudentsintheclasshaveeverbeentoChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whomThepeoplehelpedusbuildourhometownarefromBeijing.A.whichB.whomC.whoThestudentsinthehighergradesImetinafootballgamearemygoodfriendsnow.A.whenB.whichC.whoMarySmithsaysshelikestohavefriendsaredifferentfromher.A.whoseB.whichC.whoI'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.whichPeoplefromdifferentplacescometovisitZhaoqingisfamousforitsbeautifulmountainsandlakes.A.whatB.whichC.who---Whatareyoulookingfor?---I'mlookingfbrthebookyoulentmeyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whoseLiMeiisthestudenthandwritingisthebestinourclass.A.whoseB.whomC.whoD.thatOneofthemostinterestingplacesinYangzhouareoftenvisitedbyforeignersistheWestSlenderLake.A.whatB.whoC.thatD./ThephotossuccessfullyshowtherichculturemakesBeijingsofamous.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whyPmgoingtostartaclubtohelpstudentsarenotinterestedinschoolwork.A.whoseB.whoC.whomPeterlikesmusicisveryloudandenergetic.A.t