考研考博-英语-安徽电气工程职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽电气工程职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

ThisistheChinese______,translatedfromEnglish.

问题1选项

A.publication

B.editor

C.printing

D.version

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项publication“发行，出版物”；B选项editor“（报刊、杂志的）主编”；C选项printing“（书籍的）一次印刷”；D选项version“（电影、剧本、乐曲等的）版本”。句意：这是英文翻译过来的中文______。根据语境，这里指的是这原来是英文的，被翻译成了中文，D选项version“（电影、剧本、乐曲等的）版本”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

2.单选题

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

问题1选项

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

问题2选项

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

问题3选项

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

问题4选项

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

问题5选项

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“调查表明在40年民众对美国政府的信心下降了多少？”根据文章第二段可知现在是1995年，说明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人认为大政府对国家未来的威胁最大。而1954年只有16%人认为大政府有威胁（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知国民对政府的信心下降了51%。选项B符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“在大萧条时期前美国政府在民众的心中是怎样的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我们又回到了大萧条时期美国人对华盛顿本能的谨慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），说明在大萧条时期政府在民众心中的地位就低，选项B符合题意。

3.推理判断题。文章第六段提到89%的人认为国会会把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），选项D符合题意。

4.词义题。文章第五段第一句提到在样本中，62%的美国人认为政客的道德和诚实度已经下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通过好的法规，议员们花更多的时间在他们的政治前途上吗？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知这里的政治前途指的是权利地位，选项C符合题意。

5.推理判断题。文章最后一段提到由于年龄较大的人在工作中更稳定，他们往往更满意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereports,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountriesarebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidtheclimatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention.”Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmhecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed.”

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAdreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

问题1选项

A.Ratesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

B.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

问题2选项

A.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

B.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

C.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

D.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

问题3选项

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itdeservesourclosetsattention.

C.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

问题4选项

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

问题5选项

A.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

B.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

C.Howemissionsofheattrappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalsale.

D.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一句，“Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum…”，可知全球人道主义论坛的一份报告显示，全球变暖每年导致30多万人死亡，造成大约1250亿美元的经济损失。可判断出全球人道主义论坛发现全球变暖导致疾病死亡率上升。因此选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主义论坛报告的具体内容，第三段提到了相关态度和评价。根据文章第三段，“…thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.”，可知这份报告招致了一些气候和风险专家的批评，他们对报告的方法和结论提出了质疑。可判断出这份报告受到了一些气候和风险专家的质疑。因此选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第五段，“RogerPielkeJr….saidtheForum’sreportwas‘amethodologicalembarrassment…’”，可知皮尔克=表示，该论坛的报告存在“方法论的尴尬”。可判断出Dr.Pielke在方法论上是无效的。因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.”，可知SorenAdreasen认为这份报告的数据只是粗略估计，是针对世界各国领导人，他们将在于12月在哥本哈根举行会议，就一项新的国际气候条约进行谈判。可判断出Adreasen认为报告的粗略估计是为了引起世界领导人的注意。因此选项D符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.”，可知Annan强调，谈判需要把重点放在增加从富有地区流向贫困地区的资金问题上，以帮助他们降低面对气候灾害的脆弱性，同时减少温室气体的排放。可判断出KofiAnnan认为哥本哈根会议的重点应该放在富国如何才能更好地帮助贫困地区减少气候灾害的问题上。因此选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Corntariffs,whichthediplomathaddismissedas______issue,turnedouttobepertinentand______inthenegotiationsforanewtradeagreement.

问题1选项

A.anapt…pusillanimous

B.anaberrant...indomitable

C.atangential…trenchant

D.aningenious…acclaimed

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.anapt…pusillanimous恰当的，灵敏的……胆怯的，懦弱的B.anaberrant...indomitable违反常规的，反常的……不屈不挠的

C.atangential…trenchant切线的，离题的……尖刻的，苛刻的D.aningenious…acclaimed有独创性的，机灵的……受到赞扬的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“玉米关税曾被这位外交官斥为______事情，现在在新贸易协定的谈判中被证明是有意义的和______”可知，玉米关税现在被证明是有意义的，说明之前被认为是“不合常理的”，第一个空格填入anaberrant符合句意；第二个空格与pertinent为并列成分，可知第二个空格表示积极的意义，综合理解可知该题选择B项最恰当。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】玉米关税曾被这位外交官斥为一件违反常规的事情，现在在新贸易协定的谈判中被证明是有意义的、不可动摇的。

5.单选题

Opinionpollsurveysshowthatthepublicseescientistsinaratherunflatteringlight.

Commonlythescientistisalsoseenasbeingmale.Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female".

Theimagemostpeoplehaveofscienceandscientistscomesfromtheirownexperienceofschoolscience,andfromthemassmedia_ScienceteachersthemselvesSeeitasaproblemthatsomanyschoolpupilsfindschoolscienceanunsatisfyingexperience,thoughoverthelastfewyearsmoreandmorepupils,includinggirls,haveoptedforsciencesubjects.

Inspiteofexcellentdocumentaries,andsomegoodpopularsciencemagazines,scientificmodesinthemediastillusuallyalternatebetweenmiracleandscientificthreat.Thepopularstereotypeofscienceislikethemagicoffairytales:ithaspotentialforenormousgoodorawfulharm.Popularfictionisfullof“good”scientistssavingtheworld,and"mad"scientiststryingtodestroyit.

Fromallthemanyscientificstorieswhichmightbegivenmediatreatment,thosewhicharechosenareusuallythosewhichcanbeframedintermsoftheusualnewsangles:novelty,threat,conflictorthebizarre.Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities(asinembryoresearch),threateningpublichealth(asinweaponsresearch),orfightingitoutwitheachother(ingivingevidenceatpublicenquiriessuchasthoseheldontheissuesconnectedwithnuclearpower).

Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproduct

ofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible.Afurthereffectofthisisthatsciencecomestobeseenasathinginitself:akindofunpredictableforceatideofscientificprogress.

Itisnosuchthing,ofcourse.Scienceiswhatscientistsdo;whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates,andwhatisclonewiththeirworkdependsverymuchonwhohasthepowertochangetheirdiscoveriesintotechnology,andwhattheirinterestsare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ordinary-peoplehaveapooropinionofscienceandscientistspartlybecause（

）.

2.Fewergirlsthanboysstudysciencebecause

（

）.

3.Mediatreatmentofsciencetendstoconcentrateon

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,over-personalizationofscientificworkwillleadscience

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatascientistdoes（

）.

问题1选项

A.ofthemisleadingofthemedia

B.opinionpollsareunflattering.

C.scientistsareshownnegativelyinthemedia

D.science,isconsideredtobedangerous

问题2选项

A.theythinkthatscienceistoodifficult

B.theyareoftenunsuccessfulinscienceatschool

C.scienceisseenasaman’sjob

D.scienceisconsideredtobetedious

问题3选项

A.theroutineeverydayworkofscientists

B.discoveriesthatthepublicwillunderstand

C.themoresensationalaspectsofscience

D.thesatisfactionsofscientificwork

问题4选项

A.isolationfromtherestoftheworld

B.improvementsonschoolsystem

C.associationwith"femaleness"

D.troubleharecruitingyoungtalent

问题5选项

A.shouldbeattributedtohisindividualgenius

B.dependsonthecoordinationofthesociety

C.showshisindependentpower

D.isunpredictable

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第三段提到人们对于科学的认知大多来源于他们在学校关于最科学的学习以及大众媒体。文章第五段和第六段讲述了大众媒体对科学工作的负面描述和夸大（Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork），因而导致了人们对科学和科学家们有误解，选项A符合题意。

2.文章第二段第二句Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female"提到看为什么大部分科学家是男性，女性很少的原因，因为她们认为科学就是男性的工作，因此选项C符合题意。

3.文章第五段Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities,threateningpublichealth,orfightingitoutwitheachother提到媒体关注的重点不再是科学实验这些繁琐的工作，而是将关注点放在科学家们没有公共道德情感、危害公众健康或者相互争斗等等，选项C符合题意。

4.文章第六段第一句Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproductofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible提到大众媒体将科学工作过分私人化。作者认为如果脱离了社会组织，科学工作将无法进行。选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段提到科学家们的工作是为了促进社会的进步whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates，因此他们依靠的是整个社会的协作，选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Specieswithrelatively（）metabolicrates,includinghibernators,generallylivelongerthanthosewhosemetabolicratesaremorerapid.

问题1选项

A.prolific

B.sedentary

C.sluggish

D.measured

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项prolific“多产的，丰富的”；B选项sedentary“定居的，静坐的”；C选项sluggish“萧条的，迟钝的”；D选项measured“量过的，慎重的”。根据句中关键信息“hibernators”以及后半句“通常比代谢率更快的物种活得更长”可知，填空处应指代谢率相对缓慢，所以选项C符合语境。句意：代谢率相对缓慢的物种，包括冬眠动物，通常比代谢率更快的物种活得更长。选项C正确。

7.单选题

Theweedsandtallgrassinthatyardmakethehouselookaslongasithasbeenvacantforquite

A

B

C

D

sometime.

问题1选项

A.weeds

B.make

C.look

D.aslongas

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短语。aslongas意为“只要”，与句意不符，故用asif（好像，似乎）。

句意：院子里的杂草使得这座房子看起来似乎荒废了很久。

试题答案：D;asif

8.单选题

Hisshirtfactoryisgrowingsofastthathemust（

）moreworkers.

问题1选项

A.takeon

B.takeup

C.takeout

D.takeover

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。takeon意为“承担，接受，雇用”；takeup意为“开始从事”；takeout意为“取出，除去”；takeover意为“接收，接管”。

句意：他的衬衫工厂发展很快，以至于他必须雇佣更多的工人。

9.单选题

Manycompaniesallowyoutotryequipmentandwill______equipmenttoyouinyourownhome.

问题1选项

A.proclaim

B.demonstrate

C.recommend

D.package

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项proclaim“宣告；成为标志”；B选项demonstrate“证实；表现，显露”；C选项recommend“举荐；建议”；D选项package“将……包装好；包装成”。句意：许多公司允许您试用设备，并将设备______送到您自己家中。横线处和equipment“设备”形成动宾关系，D选项package“将……包装好”可以进行搭配，符合题意。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?Manyhistorians,1tothinkofEurope2thecenteroftheworld,datethewarfrom1September1939whenGermanyattackedPolanD.Thisisnotan3thatwouldsatisfytheAbyssiniansortheChineseforwhomthewarbeganearlier.ItwouldnotsatisfytheRussiansandAmericansforwhomthewarbeganlater.In4casethisEuropeanwar5endedinJune1940withGermany6theentireContinentwestofRussiA.Ifaformaldeclarationofwar7thestartingpoint,theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou.ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan8oftheKiangsiSoviet.Ifwewait9thewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas,thedate10be1942oreven1944.

问题1选项

A.concede

B.conceal

C.conditioned

D.considered

问题2选项

A.as

B.to

C.with

D.in

问题3选项

A.answer

B.advice

C.affection

D.assertion

问题4选项

A.any

B.both

C.either

D.neither

问题5选项

A.finally

B.eventually

C.ultimately

D.virtually

问题6选项

A.dominated

B.dominating

C.beingdominated

D.havingbeendominated

问题7选项

A.symbolizes

B.marks

C.implies

D.remarks

问题8选项

A.withthetitle

B.withthestatus

C.inthename

D.indesignation

问题9选项

A.if

B.since

C.after

D.until

问题10选项

A.would

B.should

C.must

D.may

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:D

【解析】1.考查动词词义辨析。A选项concede“承认；退让；给予，容许；让步”；B选项conceal“隐藏；隐瞒”；C选项conditioned“决定；使适应；使健康；以……为条件”；D选项considered“考虑；认为；考虑到；细想”。根据上下文判断出此处表达“认为”，故D项最符合。

2.考查逻辑关系。根据下文“thecenteroftheworld”可知此处想表达的是“认为欧洲是世界的中心”,故as最为准确。

3.考查逻辑关系。根据上文“WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?”这个问句，可以判断出此处答案应该是A选项answer“回答”。B选项advice“建议”；C选项affection“喜爱，感情；影响；感染”；D选项assertion“断言，声明；主张，要求；坚持；认定”。

4.考查词组。A选项inanycase“不管怎样；总之；在任何情况下”；B选项inbothcase“在两种情况下”；C选项ineithercase“不论发生何种情况”；D选项inneithercase“在两种情况下都不”。根据语境和句意，可知A为正确答案。

5.考查词义辨析。A选项finally表达经过一长段时间（通常是指经历了困难和滞迟），表示“终于……”；B选项eventually“最终”含有时间因素，表示目前还未发生，但终将发生；C选项ultimately“最终”除了包含时间因素外，还有状态顺序，表示最基本因素；D选项virtually“事实上，几乎；实质上”。根据下文“endedinJune1940”及词义判断出答案为A。

6.考查非谓语动词。dominate意为控制，结合上文ended的时态，表示过去，可知A为正确答案。

7.考查词义辨析。A选项symbolize“象征；用符号表现；采用象征；使用符号；作为……的象征”；B选项mark“标志；做标记于；打分数”；C选项imply“意味；暗示；隐含”；D选项remark“评论；觉察”。根据下文“theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou”可知空格处应为“象征、代表”，因此A最合适。

8.考查词组。A选项withthetitleof“标题为”；B选项withthestatusof“以……的地位”；C选项inthenameof“以……的名义”；D选项indesignationof“指定”。theKiangsiSoviet意为“中华苏维埃共和国”，根据上下文“ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan28oftheKiangsiSoviet”以及句意判断出正确答案为C。

9.考查从句引导词。until引导从句，waituntil表示直到；等到；等待某个条件满足；留待；一直等到，符合句意“IfwewaituntilthewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas...”,中文翻译为：如果我们等到除了两个美洲以外的所有大陆都在打仗。因此答案为D

10.考查条件状语从句。此处是if引导的真实条件句，真实条件句一般遵循主将从现、主情从现（情指情态动词）、主祈从现（祈指祈使句）等原则。因此可知D为正确答案。

11.单选题

Thesecurityguard（）twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

问题1选项

A.expelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.dispelled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项expelled“开除；驱逐”；B选项propelled“推进；促使”；C选项repelled“击退；驱逐”；D选项dispelled“消除”。句意：保安人员……两名在法庭喊叫的男子。法庭不允许大声喧哗，因此空格内应填入与驱逐有关的单词。由此可以排除B选项。expel意为“赶走”；repel意为“击退，排斥，拒绝”；dispel意为“驱散（云雾等）”。因此A选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Wenowcometothevitaltopicofmoney.First,wemustrememberthatscience,onanysignificantscale,existsonlyineconomieswherethereissurplusofgoodsandservices.Aprosperouseconomyformsanecessarybaseforscientificwork.Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped"countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupporting—anysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch.ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered.Theprimarythemeofhisaddressisthatthegapisnotclosing;onthecontrary,itsteadilygrowswider.

TheUnitedStates,asthemostwealthyindustrialnation,spendsagreateramountonresearchanddevelopmentthananyothernations.Itisbeyondthescopeofthisbooktoconsiderindetailwhethertheamountspentisadequate,eitherinrelationtoourowneconomyorinrelationtoourpositionintheworld.Atbestthequestionisanopenone.

Inthelastfewyears,financialsupportforsciencehaschangedsignificantly.Itisfrustratingtoreportthat,inspiteofnumerousstatementsabouttheextentandnatureofthesechanges,ithasbeenimpossibletofindsufficientagreementtobesurejustwhathashappened.Twopointsdoappearclear.First,therehasbeenanoverallcutinresearchfunds,furtherreinforcedbysubstantialinflationofprices.Second,therehasbeenincreasedemphasison"relevant"researchthatisresearchwithimmediatepracticalapplications.

Onereportthatreflectsmostcloselyourownestimateofthesituationwasmadebyafive-membercommitteefromtheNationalAcademyofSciences.ThisgroupinvestigatedfundingofchemistryprojectsbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf.Thecommitteefoundthatvariousinstitutes,in-houseresearch,administrativebudgets,andcontinuingextramural（校外的）grantshadbeenprotectedwiththeresultthatnewandrenewalgrantshadbecomeadisasterarea.Otherreportsstatingthatfederalinstitutes’fundshavehadonlylimitedcutshaveapparentlyignoredthepointmadebytheNationalAcademyCommittee.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe"underdeveloped"countries?

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsmeansnearlythesameas“disparity”usedinline6ofparagraphone?

3.“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”inthesecondparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.Whichareaofresearchhassufferedmostfromthecutsinthefederalinstitutes’funds?

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbebestusedforthetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyneedscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearchbadly.

B.Theyaretoopoortospareenoughforthedevelopmentofscience.

C.Theyhaveotherprioritiesinsteadofspendingadecentamountofmoneyonscience.

D.Allofabove

问题2选项

A.Dispute

B.Diversion

C.Inequality

D.Argument

问题3选项

A.thequestionhastobelefttothepublictodecide

B.thequestionistooself-evidenttobediscussedanyfurther

C.differentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinionaboutthisquestion

D.moreinformationhastobecollectedbeforethequestioncanbefinallyanswered

问题4选项

A.Appliedresearch

B.Basicresearch

C.Chemistryprojects

D.Newresearchprojects

问题5选项

A.Disputeaboutresearchfunding

B.Trendsofresearchfunding

C.Researchanddevelopment

D.Basicandappliedresearches

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。A:他们对科学技术培训和研发有极强的需求,B:他们太穷，以至于没有足够的科学发展资金,C:他们有其他需要优先考虑的事情，而不是花大量资金在科研上。根据题干关键词the“underdeveloped”countries定位至第一段:Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped”countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupportinganysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch(可悲的是，欠发达国家有很强的科研需求，但其经济却无法支持，或者没有能力支持任何一项实质的科学技术培训或研发),由此判断此题选D“以上所有选项”。

2.词义题。“disparity”所在句为:ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered(阅读皇家学会主席P.M.S.Blackette的演讲，其中就考虑了“有”和“没有”经济体之间存在的巨大…),由此推测,“disparity”表示“不同”或者“差异”。四个选项中,C项inequality(不同)与之意思最为接近。

3.语义题。“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”表示“充其量是一个开放的问题”,因此C项“对此问题，不同的人有不同的观点”比较符合这句话意思。

4.细节事实题。第四段指出:Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf(委员会得出的结论是，资金平均己经削减了20%,与此最密切相关的基础研究的基金减少一半)。故选B“基础研究”。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了财政对科研的支持的不同报道和不同观点。经济实力强的国家能为科研提供更多支持，经济欠发达国家更需要发展科研，但是却没有足够的资金支持，因此人们对于财政支持科研发展有不同的观点看法。因此A项“关于研究经费的讨论”比较适合做文章标题。

13.单选题

（

）eatriceratherthanpotatoes.

问题1选项

A.Mostofpeople

B.Mostofthepeople

C.Themostofpeople

D.Themostpeople

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。most后面可以直接跟可数或者不可数名词，意思是“大多数”；mostof后面接有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，表示“特定范围中的大多数”；themost后面通常跟形容词，表示最高级。因此选项B符合题意。

14.单选题

Whilethemissionofpublicschoolshasexpandedbeyondeducationtoincludesocialsupportandextra-curricularactivities,theacademicschedulehaschangedlittleinmorethanacentury.

Reclaimingtheschooldayforacademicinstructionandescapingthetime-boundtraditionsofeducationarevitalstepsintheschool-reformprocess,saysareportreleasedtodaybytheNationalEducationCommissiononTimeandLearning.

Thecommission'sreport,titled"PrisonersofTime,"callsthefixedclockandcalendarinAmericaneducationa"fundamentaldesignflaw”indesperateneedofchange."Timeshouldservechildreninsteadofchildrenservingtime,"thereportsays.

Thetwo-yearcommissionfoundthatholdingAmericanstudentsto"world-classstandards"willrequiremoretimeforclassroominstruction."Wehavebeenaskingtheimpassibleofourstudentsthattheylearnasmuchastheirforeignpeerswhilespendinghalfasmuchasincoreacademicsubjects,"itstates.

TheCommissioncomparedtherelationshipsbetweentimeandlearninginJapan,Germany,andtheUnitedStatesandfoundthatAmericanstudentsreceivelessthanhalfthebasicacademicinstructionthatJapaneseandGermanstudentsareprovided.Onaverage,Americanstud