考研考博-英语-安徽汽车职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽汽车职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.不定项选择题

Whenyouchooseafreezer,rememberit’sprobablygoingtobewithyouforalongtime.Nosinglestyleorsizeisbest,soit’simportanttoknowwhichfreezerisrightforyourneeds.

First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficientbecauselesscoldairescapeswhentheyareopen.

Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost.Chestfreezersarealwaysmanual.Frostlessfreezersautomaticallydefrostatpresetintervalsandremovethewater.Manualmodelsmustbedefrostedbyhandeveryfewmonthsorwheneverfrostaccumulatestoaboutaquarterofaninch.

Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage,trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts.Draftsandheatwillraisethefreezer’scabinettemperatureandmakeitworkhardertokeepcool.Thatmeanswastedenergyandashortenedcompressorlife.

Dryairisimportantbecausehighhumiditycancausethefreezertorustoutsideandfrostupinside.Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.

Frostlessmodelsrequirelesscarethanmanualdefrostfreezers.Theinteriorofafrostlessunitshouldbewashedperiodicallywithwarmwaterandbakingsodaoramildsoap,rinsed,anddried.

Togetthemostfromyourfreezer,checkregularlytomakesureit’sprovidingatruezero-degreetemperature.

Keepthefreezeratleastthree-quartersfull.Theemptieritgets,themoreenergyiswaswasted.Ifmorethanthreepoundsoffoodpercubicfootofstoragespaceisaddedevery24hours,theresultinghighorlowtemperaturescandamagethefood.

1.WhichisNOTthedifferencebetweenuprightmodelfreezerandchestmodelfreezer?

2.Theunderlinedword“manual”inthethirdparagraphmeans（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,choosingthebestplaceforyourfreezermeans（

）.

4.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutthefactorswhichcaninfluencethelifespanoffreezers?

5.Whichstatementbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Anuprightmodeltakeslessroomontheground.

B.Anuprightfreezeriseasierforpeopletoputinandtakeoutfood.

C.Achestfreezerismoreeffectivethananuprightone.

D.Achestmodelneedmanualdefrostwhileanuprightoneneedn’t.

问题2选项

A.man-made

B.automatic

C.usinghands

D.everlasting

问题3选项

A.puttingitinanunheatedgarageifpossible

B.tryingtokeepitawayfromheat,drafts,andhumidity

C.locatingitnearasinkifitisamanual-defrostmodel

D.locatingitascloseaspossibletothekitchendoor

问题4选项

A.Humidity

B.Propercare

C.Theamountofstorage

D.Surroundingtemperature

问题5选项

A.Itdiscussestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffreezers.

B.Ittellsthemosteconomicalwaystouseafreezer.

C.Itexplainshowtodefrostamanual-defrostfreezer.

D.Itoffersadviceaboutchoosingandcaringforafreezer.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：立式冰柜和箱式冰柜的区别是什么？A选项“立式冰柜占的空间更小。”；B选项“直立式冰箱更便于人们放入和取出食物。”；C选项“箱式冰箱比立式冰箱更有效。”；D选项“箱式冰柜需要人工除霜，而立式冰柜则不需要。”。第二段第二句话：Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficient…（立式冰箱比较方便。它们的存储空间更方便，占用的面积更少。然而，箱式冰柜更节能……），由此可以看出A、B、C正确；虽然前面半句正确但是文章没有提到立式冰柜不需要除霜，所以答案选D。

第2题:事实细节题。A“人造的”；B选项“自动的”；C选项“使用手的”；D选项“永恒的”。定位到文章第三段第一句Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost（如果你要买直筒式的，你必须在无霜和（）除霜之间做出选择。）这里根据句意是说有两种冰箱做选择，有些冰箱是无霜冰箱，既然是做选择也就是另一些是有霜的，这些有霜冰箱不能自动除霜就需要手动来除霜。所以这里答案选C，其他选项不符合题意。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：根据文章，为你的冰箱选择最好的地方意味着……A选项“如果可能的话，把它放在没有暖气的车库里”；B选项“尽量让它远离热量，气流和湿度”；C选项“如果它是手动除霜型，就把它放在水槽附近”；D选项“把它放在离厨房门越近越好”。根据题干定位到第四段第一句话…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一个凉爽、干燥、远离穿堂风的地方），B选项是这句话的同意替换，所以答案选B选项。文章没有建议把冰箱放在某个具体的地方，所以答案A、C、D都不能选。

第4题:事实细节题。题干：影响冰箱寿命的因素有哪些没有提到？A选项“湿度”；B选项“适当的维护”；C选项“存储的数量”；D选项“周围的温度”。定位到文章第四段第一句…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一个凉爽、干燥、远离穿堂风的地方）这里讲了温度和湿度，所以答案A、D排除；定位到第五段第二句话Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.（如果使用得当，冰箱可以为你服务15年甚至更久）这里讲的是维护和保养，所以B选项排除；答案选C选项。

第5题:主旨大意题。A选项“它讨论了冰箱的优点和缺点”；B选项“它告诉了最经济的使用冰箱的方法”；C选项“它解释了如何解冻一个手动解冻冰柜”；D选项“它提供了选择和照顾冰箱的建议”。定位到文章第一段第一句话Whenyouchooseafreezer…（当你选冰箱的时候……）；第二段第一句话First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.（首先，决定你是想要一个直立的还是箱型的）；第四段第一句话Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage…（为了让你的冰箱寿命更长……）从这些可以看出这篇文章是关于冰箱的选择和保养的文章，所以答案选D。

2.单选题

ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.FergusClydesdale,headofthedepartmentoffoodscienceandnutritionattheUniversityofMassachusetts-Amherst,saysbluntlythatifthedangersfrombacteriallycontaminatedchickenwereasgreatassomepeoplebelieve,“thestreetswouldbelitteredwithpeoplelyinghereandthere.”

Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.BruceAmes,chairmanofthebiochemistrydepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,pointsoutthatupto10%ofaplant’sweightismadeupofnaturalpesticides（杀虫剂）.Sayshe:“Sinceplantsdonothavejawsorteethtoprotectthemselves,theyemploychemicalwarfare.”Andmanynaturallyproducedchemicals,thoughoccurringintinyamounts,proveinlaboratoryteststobestrongcarcinogens—asubstancewhichcancausecancer.Mushrooms（磨菇）mightbebannediftheywerejudgedbythesamestandardsthatapplytofoodadditives（添加剂）.DeclaresChristinaStark,anutritionistatCornellUniversity:“We’vegotfatworsenaturalchemicalsinthefoodsupplythananythingman-made.”

Yettheissuesarenotthatsimple.WhileAmericanshavenoreasontobeterrifiedtositdownatthedinnertable,theyhaveeveryreasontodemandsignificantimprovementsinfoodandwatersafety.Theyunconsciouslyandunwillinglytakeintoomuchoftoomanydangerouschemicals.Iffoodalreadycontainsnaturalcarcinogens,itdoesnotmakemuchsensetoadddozensofnewman-madeones.Thoughmostpeoplewillwithstandthesmallamountsofcontaminantsgenerallyfoundinfoodandwater,atleastafewindividualswillprobablygetcanceronedaybecauseofwhattheyeatanddrink.

Tomakegoodfoodandwatersuppliesevenbetter,theGovernmentneedstotightenitsregulatorystandards,stiffenitsinspectionprogramandstrengthenitsenforcementpolicies.Thefoodindustryshouldmodifysomelong-acceptedpracticesorturntolesshazardousalternatives.Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.Theproblemsthatneedtobetackledexistallalongthefood-supplychain,fromfieldstoprocessingplantstokitchens.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheAmericans'viewoftheirfood?

2.Theauthorconsidersitimpossibletoobtainno-riskfoodbecause（）.

3.Bysaying"theyemploychemicalwarfare"（Line3,Para.2）,BruceAmesmeans（）.

4.Thereductionofthepossiblehazardsinfoodultimatelydependson（）.

5.Whatisthemessagetheauthorwantstoconveyinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyoverstatethegovernment'sinterferencewiththefoodindustry.

B.Theyareoveroptimisticaboutthesafetyoftheirfood.

C.Theyoverestimatethehazardsoftheirfood.

D.Theyoverlooktherisksofthefoodtheyeat.

问题2选项

A.nofoodisfreefrompollutionintheenvironment

B.pesticidesarewidelyusedinagriculture

C.manyvegetablescontaindangerousnaturalchemicals

D.almostallfoodshaveadditives

问题3选项

A.plantsproducecertainchemicalstocombatpestsanddiseases

B.plantsabsorbusefulchemicalstopromotetheirgrowth

C.farmersuseman-madechemicalstodissolvethenaturalchemicalsinplants

D.farmersusechemicalstoprotectplantsagainstpestsanddiseases

问题4选项

A.thegovernment

B.theconsumer

C.theprocessor

D.thegrower

问题5选项

A.Eatinganddrinkinghavebecomemorehazardousthanbefore.

B.Immediatemeasuresmustbetakentoimprovefoodproductionandprocessing.

C.Healthfoodisnotadreaminmodernsociety.

D.Thereisreasonforcautionbutnocauseforalarmwithregardtofoodconsumption.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段的第一句“ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.”许多美国人严重扭曲和夸大了食品的危害。选项C符合原文。

2.事实细节题。根据第二段的第一句“Thoughthepublicincreasinglydemandsno-riskfood,thereisnosuchthing.”可知选项A符合原文。

3.词义题。结合上下文可知，本句意为：因为植物没有下颚和牙齿来保护自己，所以它们会产生某种化学物质。选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句“Perhapsmostimportant,consumerswillhavetodoabetterjoboflearninghowtohandleandcookfoodproperly.”也许最重要的是，消费者将不得不更好地学习如何正确处理和烹饪食物。选项B正确。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容，首段提到美国人严重扭曲和夸大了食品的危害，尾段提到政府可以采取措施管控，但关键在于消费者。也就是说，对于食品消费，我们有理由谨慎，但没有理由惊慌。选项D符合原文。

3.单选题

Manysocietiestodayinterpretthenaturalworldandformbeliefsbasedonscienceandlogic.Societieswhichmanypeopledonotpracticeanyreligion,suchastheUnitedStates,maybeknownas()societies.

问题1选项

A.vulgar

B.secular

C.particular

D.unique

【答案】B

【解析】句意：当今许多社会都在诠释自然世界，并在科学和逻辑的基础上形成信仰。许多人不信仰任何宗教的社会，比如美国，可称为世俗社会。vulgar粗俗的，通俗的；secular世俗的。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Heisunabletofindapost（

）withhisability.

问题1选项

A.commensurate

B.appropriate

C.requisite

D.applicable

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项commensurate“相称的，同样大小的”；B选项appropriate“适当的，恰当的”；C选项requisite“必备的，必不可少的”；D选项applicable“可适用的”。句意：他无法找到与他能力相称的岗位。选项A符合句意。

5.单选题

Musclesmay（）orlosetheirtone,buttheywon’tturntofat.

问题1选项

A.concentrate

B.atrophy

C.condense

D.astrogate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项concentrate“集中；浓缩”；B选项atrophy“萎缩；虚脱”；C选项condense“使浓缩；使压缩”；D选项astrogate“操纵；航天”。句意：肌肉可能萎缩或失去弹性，但是它们不能变成脂肪。并列连词or连接空格处和“失去弹性”，因此此题选B。

6.翻译题

1.书籍引导我们进入优秀的社会群体，将我们带到伟大的思想家面前。

2.这些不同文化背景的年轻人都具有共同的爱好，喜欢同样的服饰、音乐和娱乐。

3.名声、财富和权利都是身外之物，人人可求而得之，但没有人能代替你感受人生。

4.中国坚持以人为本的科学发展观，着力构建和谐社会。

5.一个时代展现在我们面前；政治更加民主，社会全面进步，人们生活进一步提高。

【答案】1.Booksguideusintogoodsocialgroupsandbringustogreatthinkers.

2.Theseyoungpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundsallhavecommonhobbiesandlikethesameclothes,musicandentertainment.

3.Fame,wealthandpowerareworldlypossessionsthatcanbeacquiredbyall,butnoonecanfeellifeforyou.

4.Chinaadherestothepeople-orientedscientificconceptofdevelopmentandstrivestobuildaharmonioussociety.

5.Aneraisunfoldingbeforeus;politicsismoredemocratic,societyisprogressinginanall-roundway,andpeople’slivesarefurtherimproved.

7.填空题

ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutonethirdofU.S.companies.Itmaynotbelong

whenLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapital

A

B

C

D

ofPR.

【答案】Dwhen改为before

【解析】【考查点】从句。

【解题思路】D部分到句子结尾是时间状语从句，表示用不了多久伦敦就会取代纽约，引导词用before，表示在伦敦取代纽约要不了多长时间。

【句意】最近的一项调查发现，超过一半的英国公司将公关作为公司规划活动的一部分，而美国公司的这一比例只有三分之一。用不了多久，伦敦就会取代纽约成为公关之都。

8.单选题

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

问题1选项

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介词词组辨析。inthelightof根据，按照；intheeventof如果……发生；inthefaceof面临，面对；inthecourseof在……过程中。句意：她总是根据自己的经验和原则来处理问题。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

THEoldRackspaceheadquarterswasstuffedtothegills.In2007thecompany,whichoffers（1）andweb-hostingservices,hadmorethan1,000employeesindowntownSanAntonio.Peoplewerecrammedat（2）tablesinthehallway.Theyoftenhadtogotoadifferentbuildingor（3）theliftstotalktopeopleinotherdepartments.

Still,whenGrahamWeston,thecompany'sco-founderandchairman,suggestedthatthey（4）ashoppingmall,staffwere（5）Themallwasvacant.Itssite,theencircledsuburbofWindcrest,wasslightlygrotty,notleast（6）thehugedeadmallrightoffthehighway.

Buildingacampusfromscratch,however,wouldhavetakenseveralyearsatleast.Anyway.Theplacewascheap.“Nobodywantsamallanymore."saysJohnEngates,thechieftechnologyofficer.ExceptRackspace,andotherslikeit,whohavecometoseea（7）mallasablankcanvas?In2008itopeneditsnewheadquarters,andwonaprizeforcommunityeconomicdevelopment.Nowithasmorethan3,000workersonsite,withplanstohirehundreds（8）bytheendoftheyear.

Plentyofenclosedmallsare,ofcourse,（9）thriving.Andafterseveralabstemiousyears,shoppersare（10）.InFebruary,accordingtotheCommerceDepartment,retailsaleswere1.1%higherthantheyhadbeeninJanuary-higherthan（11）,andawelcomesignofrecovery.

ButmanyAmericanmallshad（12）beforetherecessionstarted,andthecountry'snascentrecoveryisnotlikelyto（13）them.America'sretailsectorisprobablyoverbuilt;inthefourthquarterof2011，accordingtotheNationalAssociationofRealtors,its（14）ratewas16.9%.Massarevulnerabletosystemicshocks;ifan"anchor"storescloses,orifvacancieslinger,othervendorsquicklysuffer.And（15）themallsthatwerebuiltintheheydayofthegenrearestartingtolookshopsoiled.Thenewfashionisformixed-usedevelopments,ortheoutdoormallsthataredesignedtolooklikeafriendlydowntownshoppingdistrict.Insomecities,peoplearereturningtoactualdowntownshoppingdistricts,asnewurbanistsalwaysdreamedtheywould.

问题1选项

A.cloud-computing

B.cloud-computed

C.cloud-compute

D.cloudcomputer

问题2选项

A.unfolding

B.fold

C.folding

D.folding

问题3选项

A.shuttlearound

B.goup

C.goaround

D.shuttle

问题4选项

A.gointo

B.moveinto

C.takeinto

D.walkinto

问题5选项

A.happy

B.skeptical

C.sad

D.depressed

问题6选项

A.dueto

B.because

C.becauseof

D.as

问题7选项

A.dead

B.dirty

C.great

D.shopping

问题8选项

A.fewer

B.more

C.les

D.little

问题9选项

A.till

B.even

C.still

D.yet

问题10选项

A.shrinking

B.reducing

C.droppingdown

D.perkingup

问题11选项

A.expectation

B.imagined

C.imagination

D.expected

问题12选项

A.becometrouble

B.troubles

C.runintotrouble

D.arousetroubles

问题13选项

A.find

B.revive

C.save

D.help

问题14选项

A.vacancy

B.vacant

C.reserved

D.hooked

问题15选项

A.fewof

B.manyof

C.muchof

D.littleof

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:C

第10题:D

第11题:D

第12题:C

第13题:B

第14题:A

第15题:B

【解析】1.考查词义辨析。And连接空格和“web-hostingservices网络托管服务”,因此此处应该表示“云计算”。故选A项。

2.考查词义辨析。根据“crammed塞满的”和空格处所修饰的名词“tables桌子”可知，此处表示“折叠桌”。

3.考查短语辨析。shuttlearound穿梭；goup上升；goaround走访；shuttle频繁往来，往返运送。前文谈及地方拥挤，他们需要跑到另一栋楼，而且根据后面的“lift电梯”可知A符合句意。

4.考查短语辨析。该处句意为:建议他们搬进商场。Gointo进入，从事；moveinto搬进；takeinto无此搭配；walkinto走进。故选B项。

5.考查形容词辨析。happy快乐的，高兴的；skeptical怀疑的；sad悲哀的，难过的；depressed抑郁的，沮丧的。此处表示“当公司的创建人之一兼主席GrahamWeston表示他们要搬到一家购物中心时，员工们都还持怀疑态度”，故选B项。

6.考查短语辨析。空格前后是直接的因果关系，而且空格后是名词性结构，因此选C项。

7.考查形容词辨析。前文谈及到“空置的商城”，以及根据后文“asablankcanvas作为一块空白的画布”可知，此处应该选A项“dead死去的；无感觉的；呆板的”修饰“mall商城”，因此A项正确。

8.考查形容词辨析。根据前后可知此处句意为:现在，该公司有3000多名员工，计划年底前再招聘数百名员工。

9.考查副词辨析。此处句意为:当然，还是有为数众多的封闭式商场生意依然兴盛。故选C。

10.考查动词/动词短语辨析。选项均为对应动词或短语的现在分词形式。根据前半句“Andafterseveralabstemiousyears经历了几年节制消费”，可知，后半句与其形成对比关系，故只有D项“perk活跃起来，回暖”符合句意。

11.考查动词辨析。该处句意为:据美国商务部的数据，2月份的零售额同

比1月份增加了1.1%——比预期高，是可喜的复苏迹象。此处填入动词expect的过去分词形式表被动。

12.考查短语辨析。该处句意为:但是许多美国人开办的购物中心在经济衰退期来临前就已陷入困境。runintotrouble陷入困境。故选C项。

13.考查动词辨析。空格所在句由并列连词and引导，根据前半句的关键词“recession萧条”可知，后半句应该填入“复兴”，即此句表示“国家初期复苏势头不可能得到复苏”。因此B项正确。

14.考查形容词辨析。前面句意为:美国的零售业很可能建设过度了,因此推测该处表示“空置率”。故选A。

15.考查短语辨析。空格处修饰的名词是“themalls商场”，这是可数名词的复数形式，因此，C和D项排除。前文谈及“购物中心容易遭受系统冲击带来的影响……，其余的商家也很快遭殃”，以及该句表示“还有许多类似在繁荣时期建立的购物中心开始变得陈旧起来”。因此，B项符合句意。

10.单选题

Please（）yourremarkstothosewhichareimmediatelyrelevanttothematterinhand.

问题1选项

A.restrict

B.enclose

C.confess

D.confine

【答案】D

【解析】句意:涉及到与手边事情直接相关的方面，限制你的发言。

考查动词辨析。。restrict约束，限制；enclose封入，围绕;confess坦白，供认；confine限制，与介词to搭配，构成confinesth.to…限制于…。因此D项正确。

11.单选题

Overthelastfifteenyears,jogginghasbecomeapopular（）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

问题1选项

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在最近的十五年里，慢跑己成为三千万所有年龄层参与者所喜欢的一种消遣。

考查名词辨析。fantasy幻想，想象，想象产物;；pastime消遣，休闲活动;symposium讨论会，座谈会;penalty罚款，处罚。因此B符合句意。

12.单选题

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesurface,causedbyatoogreatsupplyofair.Theotherwasthecrushingofthebody,causedbyasuddendivingintodeepwater.Thesuddenrisetothesurfacecouldkillthediver;asuddendivecouldforcehisbodyupintothehelmet,whichcouldalsoresultindeath.

Graduallythe“hard-hatsuit”wasimprovedsothatthedivercouldbegivenaconstantsupplyofair.Thedivercouldthenmovearoundundertheoceanwithoutworryingabouttheairsupply.

Duringthe1940sdivingunderwaterwithoutaspecialsuitbecamepopular.Instead,diversusedabreathingdeviceandasmallcoveringmadeofrubberandglassoverpartsoftheface.Toimprovetheswimmer’sspeedanothernewinventionwasused：apieceofrubbershapedlikeagiantfoot,whichwasattachedtoeachofthediver’sownfeet.Themanufactureofrubberbreathingpipesmadeitpossiblefordiverstofloatonthesurfaceofthewater,observingthemarinelifeunderneaththem.Aspecialrubbersuitenabledthemtostayincoldwaterforlongperiods,collectingspecimensofanimalandvegetablelifethathadneverbeenobtainedinthepast.

Themostimportantadvance,however,wastheinventionofaself-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus,whichiscalleda“scuba”.

InventedbytwoFrenchmen,JacquesCousteauandEmileGagnan,thescubaconsistsofamouth-piecejoinedtooneortwotanksofcompressedairwhichareattachedtothediver’sback.

Thescubamakesitpossibleforadiver-scientisttowork200feetunderwaterorevendeeperforseveralhours.Asaresult,scientistscannowmovearoundfreelyatgreatdepths,learningaboutthewondersofthesea.

1.Themainprogressmentionedinthispassagewas（

）.

2.AninventionofanItalianprofessor（

）.

3.Siebes’inventionwasnotaperfectone,because（

）.

4.Theword“scuba”is（

）.

问题1选项

A.anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbag

B.meninventedthebestdivingdevices

C.anItalianpainterdesignedacompletedivingsuit

D.anairbag

问题2选项

A.workedoutverywell

B.can“clean”theair

C.inspiredlaterinventions

D.wasusedtoremovemoisture

问题3选项

A.toosmallasupplyofaircouldresultinasuddenrisetothesurface

B.asuddendiveintodeepwatercouldcausethecrushingofthebody

C.theairpipeattachedtoamachinecouldbeabovethesurface

D.bothAandB

问题4选项

A.acertaindiver’sname

B.anoriginalEnglishword

C.namedbytheinventor

D.anacronym

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.信息推断题。根据文中的单词“invented,developed,improved”以及“themostimportantadvance”可以知道，文章一直在阐述潜水装备的发展进程。选项B符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据“itgavelaterinventorstheidea”这一句得知选项C最符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第三句，“Butthereweretwodangers…Onewas…Theotherwas…,”选项B最符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“self-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus”，可知scuda是首字母缩略词，选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Inanycommercialtransactionaconsumermusthaveconfidencethatthebusinesswhoseproducttheyareabouttopurchaseisreliableandthattheproductbeingofferedisworththepricethatispaid.Theimportanceingainingandmaintainingisespeciallytruewhentheconsumerandbusinessdonotsharecommonalitiesofgeography,cultureand/orlegalframework.Thebestcompaniesalwaysunderstandthisexpectationandcontinuallystrivetoexceedit.Othercompanies-includingmanyneweronlinemerchantsmayhavegoodintentions,butlacktheskillsorexperiencetoturntheconsumer’sexpectationintoareality.Afewcompanieswillintentionallyseektoexploitthisconsumer'sexpectation.

Howtoseparatethesecompaniesinavirtualworldisnotalwayseasy,andhasbeenthesubjectofintensivediscussionbyconsumergroups,businessesandgovernments.Moreover,policingthecompaniesinthevirtualmarketplaceisperceivedtoadauntingchallenge.Thesediscussionshavegenerallyfocusedonthreekeyideas.

CodesofConductforOn-lineBusiness:Individualcorporations,businessassociationsand/orgovernmentsaroundtheworldhaveworkedtodevelopCodesofConduct,Guidelines.Principles,orBestPractice,etc.foron-linebusinesses.TheydescribetheactionsthataCompanyshouldtaketoprotectaconsumer’srights.Theymaybeincludedonthecompany’swebsiteandaconsumercanreviewthembeforemakingapurchase.

Trademark:Toincreaseconsumer'sconfidencethatacompanywillactinaccordancewithacodeofconductorbestpractices,athirdparty"Tmstmark"isoftenused.Theconceptisthatbydisplaying"Trustmark'.Thecompanyrepresentsthatitissubjecttoexternaloversight.Thecompanywouldnotbeallowedtodisplaythethirdpartymarkifthecompany’sactionwereinconsistentwithwhatiscontainedinthe"CodeofConduct"orsimilardocument.Trustmark’saremostusefulwhentheyhavestrongbrandrecognitionandcredibilityamongcustomers.

DisputeResolution:Consumer'sconfidencereliesonthebeliefthatanydisputewillbesettledquicklyandfairlyeitherbythecompanydirectlyorthroughsomeothermeans.Inthebricksandmortarworldaconsumerusuallyhastheabilitytoinspectproductbeforepurchasingitandifitisdefective-returnitforarefund,repairorreplacement.Mostofcompaniesseethisformofdisputeresolutionastheirownbestinterestandanextensionoftheircustomerrelationprograms.Whilethesameholdstrueintheworldofon-linetransactions,thecriticaldifferenceisthataconsumercan'tinspecttheproductbeforepurchasing,andinsteadhastorelyonthemerchant'sphotosordescriptionsoftheproduct.Inboththetraditionalandon-lineworld,whendisputecannotberesolveddirectlybetweentheconsumerandthecompany,themerchantandtheconsumermustresorttoothermeans.Theseoftenincludeappealstoconsumerprotectionagencies,recoursetothecourts,oruseofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.

1.Thetopicofthearticleis（

）.

2.Whenthereexistdifferencesinculture,legalframeworkandgeographybetweenconsumersandbusinesses,whatappear(s)moreimportant?

3.Whatarethethreefocusesdiscussedandconsideredimportantinmarketplace?

4.InwhichcaseisTrustmarkmostinfluential?

5.Whatareotherwaystoresolvedisputesbesidesrefund,repairandreplacement?

问题1选项

A.meetingconsumer'sexpectationinthemarketplace

B.resolvingdispute

C.displayingTrustmark’s

D.settingcodesofconduct

问题2选项

A.Thebusiness'sreliability.

B.Thecompanies'understandingofconsumer'sexpectation.

C.Theproductsbeingworththepricebeingpaid

D.Gainingandmaintainingthatconfidence.

问题3选项

A.Confidence,goodintentionsandbestpractices.

B.Trustmark,rightusageandnewconcepts.

C.Codesofconduct,Trustmarkanddisputeresolution.

D.Cooperation,goodintensionsanddisputeresolution.

问题4选项

A.Whencompaniesarewellrecognizedandwellbelievedin.

B.Whencompanieshaveapowerfultrademark.

C.Whenacompany'sactionsareinconsistentwithitsCodesofConduct.

D.Whenmutualcredibilityexists.

问题5选项

A.Toresolvethedisputesbetweentheconsumerandthecompany.

B.Appealingtoconsumerprotectionagencies;resourcingtothecourts;orusingofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.

C.Toresorttoothermeans.

D.Togotothemarketplace.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段中提出了consumer'sexpectation（消费者的需求），B、C、D选项是围绕如何满足市场消费者的需求展开论述的点，因此选A。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Theimportanceingainingandmaintainingisespeciallytruewhentheconsumerandbusinessdonotsharecommonalitiesofgeography,cultureand/orlegalframework.（当消费者和企业不共享地理、文化和/或法律框架的共同点时，获得和维持信心的重要性尤其正确）可知选D。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息“thethreefocuses”可定位至文章第二段中的最后一句话Thesediscussionshavegenerallyfocusedonthreekeyideas（这些讨论一般集中在三个关键的想法上），由之后每一段的句首CodesofConductforOn-lineBusiness（网上业务行为守则）；Trademark（商标）；DisputeResolution（纠纷解决）可知选C。

4.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Trustmark’saremostusefulwhentheyhavestrongbrandrecognitionandcredibilityamongcustomers.（当Trustmark在客户中具有很强的品牌知名度和可信度时，它是最有用的）可知A选项“当公司得到广泛的认可和信任的时候”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Theseoftenincludeappealstoconsumerprotectionagencies,recoursetothecourts,oruseofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.（这些措施通常包括向消费者保护机构提出上诉、诉诸法院或使用其他争端解决系统）可知选B。

14.单选题

Withthe（

）ofMary,allthegirlstudentsareeagertogototheparty.

问题1选项

A.exhibition

B.exception

C.except

D.reception

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。exhibition“展览，展览会；显示”；exception“例外，异议”；except“除……之外”，是介词；reception“接待，接收”。句意：除了玛丽之外，所有的女生都希望去聚会。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

问题1选项

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项inlinewith“与……一致”；B选项forthesakeof“为了”；C选项incaseof“以防万一”；D选项attheriskof“冒着……的危险”。句意：我总是在早上较早离开家去上学______交通堵塞。根据语境，这里指早点出门是为了不想堵车，C选项incaseof“以防万一”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

16.单选题

Ther