考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽林业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thisareaoftheparkhasbeenspecially（）forchildren,butaccompanyingadultsarealsowelcome.

问题1选项

A.inaugurated

B.designated

C.entitled

D.delegated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:公园的这个区是专门为孩子们设定的，但是也欢迎陪同的成年人。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式表被动。inaugurate开辟，举行开幕典礼，举行就职典礼；designate指定，标出，bedesignatedfor为…而设；entitle定名为…，给…称号，使有权利，常用于beentitledto表示有……资格；delegate委派……为代表，委任。故B符合句意。

2.问答题

AmongthemorebenignactivitiesoftheUnitedNationsisthededicationofvariousyearstospecificcauses.Mountains,deserts,riceanddialoguehaveallhadtheir365daysoffame.Thereislittleevidencethattheattentionhasdonemountains,desertsriceanddialogueanyharm—butalsonotmuchtosuggestthattheyhavebenefitedeither.

Inthenext12monthsthespotlightfallsonmicrofinance,thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.Withluck,theUN’seffortwillturnouttobesubstantialratherthansymbolic.Itcertainlykickedoffinstyle,withabigpartyattheUN’sNewYorkheadquartersthatdemonstratedhowfashionablethesubjecthasbecome.Amongthe700inattendanceweretopbankers,politiciansandafilmstarortwo.TheUNalsoannouncedtheappointmentofanadvisorypaneltoconsiderwhatmaybeimpedingthegrowthandeffectivenessofmicrofinance.

ThesuccessoftheyeardependstoagreatextentonwhethertheUNcanharnessitsmemberstatesandfinancialinstitutionstoestablishsomebasicfacts.Remarkablylittleisknownabouthowfinanceoperatesoutsidewealthycountries.Nogooddataexistonhowmanypeoplehaveaccesstofinancialinstitutions,thebreadthandpenetrationofbanksinpoorcountries,therealcostofaloanandthetimeittakestogetone,theeaseofmakingadepositandsoforth.

Microfinanceitselfissomethingofamystery.Therearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrofinancelendinginstitutions.Thereisnotevenconvincinginformation,beyondlotsofanecdotesillustratedbyphotographsofwomeninruralvillages,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesany.significantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

Inprinciple,loanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty.Ifatall,theyoughttouseextracapitalmoreproductivelythantherich.Indeed,thismightexplainwhyeveninthepoorestplacesthereissomeformofmoneylendingdespitestaggeringlyhighinterestrates;1,000%ayearisnotuncommon.However,suchratesinevitablytakeatollonenterpriseandeconomicgrowth.Theyearofmicrocreditwillhaveproventobeofgreatworthifitcanfirstdocumenttheimpedimentstomoreefficientformsoffinancialintermediationandthenbegintoclearthemaway.

Forexample,theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias.Iftheydo,theUN’sinterestmayhastenchange:somefinancialinstitutionsarealreadymakingeffortstoworkwiththepoor,eitherdirectlyorbyprovidingwholesaleservicestosmallerfinancialinstitutions.Andmanyworkinginmicrofinancecomplainthattheirsmallsizeandlackoftraditionalassetsmakeithardtoattractcapitaleitherontheirownaccountorthroughsyndicatedloans.Ayearhence,perhapssomeofthiswillbechanged.

Whatismicrofmance?Accordingtothetext,howisthecurrentperformanceofmicrofinance?(5points)

Whatarethepossiblebenefitsofmicrofinancetothepoorpeople?WhatshouldtheUNdotopromotemicrofinance?(5points)

【答案】第一问由文章第二段中“thebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem”可知答案；第二问由文章第四段内容可知答案。

试题答案：

Accordingtothetext,microfinanceisthebusinessoflendingsmallamountsofmoneytothepoor,takingdepositsfromthem,transmittingmoneyontheirbehalfandinsuringthem.

Accordingtothetext,thecurrentperformanceofmicrofinanceisnotclearbecausetherearenoauthoritativefiguresonthenumberandperformanceofmicrolendinginstitutions,aboutwhethermicrofinancemakesanysignificantcontributiontoeconomicgrowthorismerelyanotherphilanthropicfad.

第一问由文章倒数第二段中“loanstothepoorshouldbringgreatbenefits,becausethepoorhavelesscapitalandoftencanborrowonlywithgreatdifficulty”可知答案；第二问由文章最后一段中“theUNwoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplaintthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbias”可知答案。

试题答案：

Microfinancecanhelpthepoorsolvetheproblemofhavinglesscapital,andenablesthemtoborrowcapitalwithlessdifficultythanbefore.

TheUNshoulddowelltoaddressthecommoncomplainthatbanksignorethepooroutofclassbiastopromotemicrofinance.

3.写作题

Directions:FromJune1,2008,Chinawillbanshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbagandhascalledonconsumerstousebasketsandclothsacksinsteadtoreduceenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthispolicy?Pleasewriteacompositionofapproximately200wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldWeBanFreePlasticBagsFromShops?

Inthefirstpart,youshouldstaleclearlyyourviewpointonthisissue.Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourviewpointwilhappropriatedetails.InIhelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittenIoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheseinstructionsmayresultinthelossofmarks.

WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

4.单选题

Iftheheavyrainhad（）anextremehightide，seriousfloodingwouldhaveresulted.

问题1选项

A.happenedto

B.occurredto

C.coincidedwith

D.turnedout

【答案】C

【解析】动词词组辨析。happenedto“碰巧”；occurredto“想起”；coincidedwith“与……相一致”；turnedout“结果是”。句意：如果大鱼正好逢上极端高潮，可能会导致严重的洪水。选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Thisticket（

）youtoafreeboattouronthelake.

问题1选项

A.entitles

B.appoints

C.grants

D.credits

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。entitle给某人权利或资格；appoint任命，委派；grant授予，允许；credit信任，归功于。

句意：这张票使你有资格免费在湖上乘船游览。选项A符合句意。

6.单选题

Intohernineties,herthinking（）acuteandhercharacterforceful.

问题1选项

A.remained

B.retained

C.maintained

D.contained

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项remained“保持”；B选项retained“保存”；C选项maintained“维护”；D选项contained“包含”。句意：虽已年届九旬，她（）头脑敏锐，个性很强。题干的意思是虽然她年纪很大了，但还是保持清晰的头脑，因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

问题1选项

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。guilt意为“有罪，犯罪行为”；charge意为“收费，指控”；blame意为“(坏事或错事的)责任，责备”，taketheblamefor意为“承担……的责任”；accusation意为“指责，谴责”。

句意：总经理承担了事故的责任，尽管并不真的是他的错。

8.单选题

Anewtechnologicalprocessmaybeemployedtotapthisabundantsupplydirectly.

问题1选项

A.exploit

B.search

C.produce

D.reserve

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.exploit开采B.search搜索

C.produce生产D.reserve预订；储备

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】tap的主语是一种新工艺，宾语是这一丰富的资源，原词tap“利用，开发，发掘”，A选项exploit“开采”与原词最接近。

【干扰项排除】

B选项search“搜索”，与原词词义不相近；

C选项produce“生产”，不符合原文语义逻辑，生产的宾语一般是产品，而原文的宾语属于原料；

D选项reserve“预订；储备”，与原词词义不相近。

【句意】也许可以采用一种新工艺直接开发这一丰富的资源。

9.单选题

Thisnew-typemachine（）littleroom.

问题1选项

A.takesup

B.istakenup

C.hasbeentakenup

D.istakingup

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这种新机器占很少的空间。

语法题。考查时态语态。Takeup表示“占据”，此处指新式机器的优点，是对一般事实的描述，因此，动词使用一般现在时。

10.翻译题

1.Therewasonceaharmonytowninthiscountrywherealllifeseemedtoliveinwithitssurroundings.

2.Thegovernmenthasdevotedalargersliceofitsnationalbudgettoagriculturethanmostothercountries.

3.Iftherewereonlyadozenorsoairmoleculesinmykitchen,itwouldbelikelyifIwaitedayearorso一thatatsomepointthesixcoldestoneswouldcongregateinsidethefreezer.

4.Insteadofaglobalvillage,whichisanicedreambutimpossibletomanage,wewillhaveinventedanotherworldofself-containedcommunitiesthatcatertotheirownmember’sinclinationswithoutinterferingwithanyoneelse.

5.Itsgoalistofindouthowtheworldworks,toseekwhatregularitiestheremaybe,topenetratetotheconnectionsofthings—fromsubnuclearparticles,whichmaybetheconstituentsofallmatter,tolivingorganisms,thehumansocialcommunity,andthencetothecosmosasawhole.

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese

【答案】1.这个国家曾经有一个和谐的小镇，所有的生命几乎和周围的环境都和谐相处。

2.政府把国家大部分的预算都用于农业，比其他国家都要多。

3.如果我的厨房里只有十几个空气分子，似乎我需要等待一年左右，在某个时刻，六个最冷的分子会聚集在冰箱里。

4.我们不是要建立一个美好但是难于管理的全球村，而是建立一个由独立群体组成的世界，这些群体在不干涉他人的情况下迎合自己的喜好。

5.它的目标是探究出世界的运行机制，寻求可能存在的规律，并且渗透到事物之间的联系中去——从构成所有物质的亚核粒子，到生物体，到人类社会群体，甚至整个宇宙。

11.单选题

WilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga“Bermudatriangle”ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.

Aswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfaceanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countriesthatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone’seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofdevaluation.

YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.

Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry’svotingrightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.

A“southern”campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:“Europeaneconomicgovernment”withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlabourcosts.

ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisanambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestedgesofglobalization,andmakecapitalismbenign.

1.TheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblemsthat（）.

2.ThedebateovertheEU’ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominantpowers（）.

3.Tosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposedthat（）.

4.TheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimpliesthat（）.

5.RegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel（）.

问题1选项

A.ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinmarkets

B.evenitssupportersbegintofeelconcerned

C.someofitsmembercountriesplantoabandoneuro

D.itintendstodenythepossibilityofdevaluation

问题2选项

A.arecompetingfortheleadingposition

B.arebusyhandlingtheirowncrises

C.failtoreachanagreementonharmonization

D.disagreeonthestepstowardsharmonization

问题3选项

A.EUfundsforpoorregionsbeincreased

B.stricterregulationsbeimposed

C.onlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicco-ordination

D.votingrightsoftheEUmembersbeguaranteed

问题4选项

A.poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetfunds

B.strictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorcountries

C.loanswillbereadilyavailabletorichcountries

D.richcountrieswillbasicallycontrolEurobonds

问题5选项

A.pessimistic

B.desperate

C.conceited

D.hopeful

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Noweventheproject’sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga‘Bermudatriangle’ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowergrowth.”现在，即使是该计划最伟大的鼓吹者也在谈论欧洲大陆面临着债务、人口下降和低增长的“百慕大三角”。由此可知欧盟的问题已经使得一些支持者都开始注意了，因此选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope’ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone’sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonizationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonies.”。然而，关于如何使欧洲单一货币免于解体的辩论却陷入了僵局。它之所以陷入困境，是因为欧元区的主导力量法国和德国一致认为有必要在欧元区内部加强协调，但在协调哪些方面存在分歧。由此可知C选项未能就协调问题达成一致正确，因此选C。

3.细节事实题。定位到文章第四段“Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowspendingandcompetitiveness,barkedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.”德国认为必须通过对借贷支出和竞争力的严格规定来拯救欧元，对不遵守规定的政府实行准自动制裁。由此可知选项B实行更严格的规定正确。

4.细节事实题。定位到文章第五段“Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.”换句话说，这意味着政客们干预货币政策，以及一个从较富裕成员国向较贫穷成员国进行再分配的体系，途径是政府通过发行共同欧元债券或完全的财政转移，以较低成本借入资金。因此选项D正确。

5.细节事实题。定位到文章最后一段“ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld’slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.”现在把欧盟一笔勾销还为时过早。它仍然是世界上最大的贸易集团。最好的情况下，欧洲计划是非常自由的：建立在一个由27个富国和穷国组成的单一市场上，其内部边界对商品、资本和劳动力的开放程度远远超过任何类似的贸易区。由此可知作者对于欧盟的态度还是积极的，因此选项D正确。

12.单选题

Sheisawomanof（）whohasneverabandonedherprinciplesforthesakeofherownbenefits.

问题1选项

A.dignity

B.scarcity

C.integrity

D.stability

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。dignity尊严，高贵；scarcity不足，缺乏；integrity正直，诚实，指道德健全，尤其表现在考验目标的坚定、责任心和信任感的行为中；stability坚定，恒心。句意：她是一个正直的女人，从不为了自己的利益而放弃自己的原则。选项C更恰当。

13.单选题

Thebasicfunctionofmoneyistheenablebuyingtobeseparatedfromselling,thuspermittingtradetotakeplacewithoutthesocalleddoublecoincidenceofbarter.Ifapersonhassomethingtosellandwantssomethingelse（1）return,itisnotnecessarytosearchforsomeoneableand

（2）

tomakethedesiredexchangeofitems.Thepersoncansellthe

（3）

itemforgeneralpurchasingpower-thatis"money"—toanyonewhowantstobuyitandthenusetheproceedstobuythedesireditemRomanyonewhowantstosellit.

Theimportanceofthisfunctionofmoneyis

（4）

illustratedbytheexperienceofGermanyjustafterWorldWarII,

（5）

papermoneywas

（6）

largelyuselessbecause,despiteinflationaryconditions,pricecontrolswereeffectively

（7）

bytheAmerican,French,andBritisharmiesofoccupation.Peoplehadto

（8）

tobarterortoinefficientmoneysubstitutes.Theresultwastocuttotaloutputoftheeconomyinhalf.TheGerman"economicmiracle"justafter1948reflectedpartlyacurrencyreformbytheoccupationauthorities,

（9）

someeconomistsholdthatitstemmedprimarilyfromtheGermangovernment's

（10）

ofallpricecontrols.（11）

permittingamoneyeconomyto

（12）

abartereconomy.

（13）

oftheactofsalefromtheactofpurchase

（14）

theexistenceofsomethingthat

willbegenerallyacceptedinpayment-thisisthe"

（15）

ofexchange”functionofmoney.Buttheremustalsobesomethingthatcanserveasa

（16）

abodeofpurchasingpower,inwhichthemilerholdstheproceedsintheinterim

（17）

thefirstsaleandthe

（18）

purchase,orfromwhichthebuyercan

（19）

thegeneralpurchasingpowerwithwhichtopay

（20）

whatisbought.Thisisthe"asset”functionofmoney.

问题1选项

A.on

B.in

C.by

D.for

问题2选项

A.capable

B.likely

C.desirable

D.wining

问题3选项

A.excess

B.extra

C.surplus

D.ample

问题4选项

A.dramatically

B.urgently

C.faithfully

D.incidentally

问题5选项

A.when

B.before

C.since

D.until

问题6选项

A.developed

B.reserved

C.rendered

D.imagined

问题7选项

A.encouraged

B.enlarged

C.endured

D.enforced

问题8选项

A.conform

B.resort

C.commit

D.gear

问题9选项

A.and

B.but

C.therefore

D.however

问题10选项

A.deprivation

B.stimulation

C.elimination

D.restriction

问题11选项

A.thereby

B.therefore

C.then

D.while

问题12选项

A.alternate

B.establish

C.substitute

D.replace

问题13选项

A.Introduction

B.Specification

C.Representation

D.Separation

问题14选项

A.assumes

B.requires

C.focuses

D.undertakes

问题15选项

A.medium

B.function

C.role

D.nature

问题16选项

A.fashionable

B.favorable

C.temporary

D.token

问题17选项

A.both

B.for

C.between

D.after

问题18选项

A.consequent

B.relevant

C.inadequate

D.subsequent

问题19选项

A.execute

B.extract

C.exceed

D.exchange

问题20选项

A.for

B.off

C.back

D.in

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:D

第8题:B

第9题:B

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:D

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:C

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:B

第20题:A

【解析】（1）考察固定搭配。inreturn“作为回报”。选项A符合题意。

（2）考察形容词词义辨析。capable“能干的”；likely“可能的”；desirable“有欲望的”；willing“愿意的”。做买卖交易肯定需要双方自愿，所以空格处应该填willing,bewillingto的意思是“愿意”。选项D符合题意。

（3）考察形容词词义辨析。excess“额外的，过度的”；extra“额外的”；surplus“剩余的，过剩的”；ample“丰富的，足够的”。空格处所在句子提及过去之所以会产生商品买卖是因为人们手上有了多余的产品。选项C符合题意。

（4）考察副词词义辨析。dramatically“戏剧性地”；urgently“紧急地”；faithfully“虔诚地”；incidentally“恰巧地”。空格处所在句子提到了钱的重要性在二战后开始发生了戏剧性地变化。选项A符合题意。

（5）考察定语从句。when在此处引导一个表示时间的定语从句。

（6）考察动词词义辨析。空格处所在句子要表达的是二战中的情况使得货币失去本身的价值，所以空格处应该填入一个表示贬义的词，选项A与D都有褒义的意思，排除；选项B不符合语境，排除。选项C符合题意。

（7）考察动词词义辨析。encourage“鼓舞，鼓励”；enlarge“扩大，增大”；endure“忍耐，容忍”；enforce“加强，实施，执行”。空格处所在句子的大意是美国、法国等国的占领军对当地的物价进行了有效的控制，选项D符合题意。

（8）考察动词词组辨析。conformto“一致”；resortto“求助于”；committo“执行，做”；gearto“使适合”。空格处所在句子的大意是由于物价受战争的影响，人们只能求助于物物交换或者廉价的货币替代品，选项B符合题意。

（9）考察连词的用法。通过上下文可知空格处前后句子是一个转折关系，however前后都要用逗号，符合题意。

（10）考察名词词义辨析。Deprivation“剥夺”；stimulation“刺激”；elimination“消除，淘汰”；restriction“限制”。空格处所在句子的大意是德国政府取消所有价格控制。选项C符合题意。

（11）考察连词的用法。联系上下文可知空格处所在句子与前句是承接的关系，意思是“所以”，选项A符合题意。Therefore承接的前后一般要用逗号隔开。

（12）考察名词词义辨析。此句的大意是货币经济应该代替物物交换经济。选项D符合题意。

（13）考察名词词义辨析。Introduction“介绍”；specification“规格，说明书”；representation“代表，体现”；separation“分开”。空格处所在句子的大意是由于买和卖分离，在一定程度上促使了货币的产生，选项D符合题意。

（14）考察动词词义辨析。assume“承担，假定”；require“需要”；focus“聚焦”；undertake“承担，从事”。空格处所在句子的大意是买和卖分离，那就要求另一种物品来充当媒介。选项B符合题意。

（15）考察名词词义辨析。medium“媒介”；function“作用”；role“角色”；nature“自然；本质”。空格处所在句子大意参照第64题可知，这就是交换媒介的作用，选项A符合题意。

（16）考察形容词词义辨析。Fashionable“时尚的”；favorable“有利的，良好的”；temporary“临时的”；token“象征的”。空格处所在句子的大意是在买与卖之间，对于货币来说，人是暂时的拥有，选项C符合题意。

（17）考察介词的用法。Interim的意思是“中间的”，因此后面应该接的介词是表示两者之间，选项C符合题意。

（18）考察形容词词义辨析。Consequent“作为结果的”；relevant“相关的”；inadequate“不充分的，不适当的”；subsequent“随后的，后面的”。空格处所在句子的大意是先买，随后再卖，选项D符合题意。

（19）考察动词词义辨析。Execute“执行”；extract“提取，取得”；exceed“超过”；exchange“交换”。空格处所在句子的大意是只有先把东西卖了，才取得购买的能力。选项B符合题意。

（20）考察介词的用法。payfor“付款”符合题意。

14.单选题

Theyhavedevelopedcomputersthatcanunderstandthingspeoplesay,andcannowgivea[A]meaninganswer.Buthumanintelligenceisbetterthanhavinga[B]goodmemory.Itmaybe[C]possibletobuildcomputersthatcanrememberalotmorethanthehumanbrain.[D]Buthumanscandoalotmore.

问题1选项

A.meaning

B.good

C.possible

D.But

【答案】A

【解析】考查词性混用。A选项修饰的词语是answer，因此meaning应改为形容词性的meaningful“有意义的”。

15.单选题

Somescientistshypothesizedthatthereareintellectualbeingsonsome（

）bodies.

问题1选项

A.astronautic

B.celestial

C.astronomical

D.astrological

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项astronautic“太空航行的，宇航员的”，C项astronomical“天文的，天文学的”，D项astrological“占星的，占星学的，占星术的”，B项celestial“天上的，天空的”，celestialbody表示“天体”。由intellectualbeings“有智力的生物”可知，空格部分表示“在一些天体上”。句意：一些科学家假设某些天体上有智慧生物。因此，该题选择B项正确。

16.单选题

Frostbittenfingersandtoesshouldbetreatedwithlukewarmwater.

问题1选项

A.frigid

B.tepid

C.boiling

D.steamy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。lukewarm意为“微温的，温和的，不热情的”；frigid意为“寒冷的，严寒的”；tepid意为“不冷不热的，微温的，不热情的”；boiling意为“炽热的，沸腾的，激昂的”；steamy意为“蒸汽的，充满水汽的”。

句意：冻伤的手指和脚趾应该用温水处理。

17.单选题

Becausefolkartisneithercompletelyrejectednoracceptedasanartformbyarthistorians,theirfinalevaluationsofitnecessarilyremain（

）.

问题1选项

A.arbitrary

B.estimable

C.unspoken

D.equivocal

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。arbitrary“任意的，任性的”；estimable“值得尊敬的”；unspoken“未说出口的，不言而喻的”；equivocal“模棱两可的，意义不确的”。句意：因为艺术家既不会完全否认也不接受民间艺术是一种艺术形式，他们关于它（民间艺术）的评论是模棱两可的。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.

ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.

Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive.

ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?

问题1选项

A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.

B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.

C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.

D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.

问题2选项

A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.

C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.

D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.

问题3选项

A.Thegovernmentshouldchargecarbonemissionssoastoencouragecompaniestoadoptnewtechnology.

B.Thegovernmentshouldrewardutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemission.

C.Thegovernmentshouldmakelong-timeeffortstoencouragepeopletoplantmoretrees.

D.Thegovernmentshouldpayforlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：作者认为，是什么加剧了全球变暖的严重性？文章手段提到了关键词“全球变暖”，并指向美国政府的不作为会导致情况迅速恶化。因此答案出现在第二段“ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil”，出于经济和政治原因，美国政府选择煤炭作为燃料。因此C选项符合题意。

2.判断推理题。题干：关于有效控制碳排放的障碍，下列哪一项是正确的？由关键词定位到文章第三段“theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive”，说明是政府政策上的模糊性使控制达不到预期效果。因此C选项符合题意。

3.细节推理题。题干：作者建议如何解决这个问题？最后一段中，作者提到“ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded”，说明作者建议美国政府为碳排放进行定价，投资开发减少二氧化碳排放的科技。因此B选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Sheopenedthepacketandemptiedthe（）intoasaucepan.

问题1选项

A.fullness

B.container

C.refills

D.contents

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fullness“充满，丰富”；B选项container“容器”；C选项refills“再装满”；D选项contents“内容”。根据句意“她打开袋子，把里面的东西倒进了锅里。”只有选项D最符合语境。

20.单选题

Inorderto（）theagreementbetweentheemployeeandtheemployer,bothsidesmustsignit.

问题1选项

A.extract

B.endorse

C.notify

D.validate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项extract“提取；取出；摘录；榨取”；B选项endorse“背书；认可；签署；赞同”；C选项notify“通告，通知；公布”；D选项validate“证实，验证；确认；使生效”。句意：为了使雇员和雇主之间的协议生效，双方必须在该协议上签字。因此D选项正确。

21.单选题

Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.

Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentstemfromthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging.

Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.

Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.

41.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?（）

42.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi（）.

43.Thetwoschoolsofthought（）.

44.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose（）.

45.AccordingtoFortune,successfulinternationalcompanies（）.

问题1选项

A.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.

B.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.

C.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.

D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.

问题2选项

A.isinlinewiththetheoriesoftheschooladvocatingthebusinessisbusinesstheworldaround

B.isdif