考研考博-英语-安徽工业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽工业大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

Aphilosophyofculturebeginswiththeassumptionthattheworldofhumancultureisnotamereaggregateoflooseanddetachedfacts.Itseekstounderstandthesefactsasasystemasanorganicwhole.Foranempiricalorhistoricalviewitwouldseemtobeenoughtocollectthedataofhumanculture.Hereweareinterestedinthebreadthofhumanlife.Weareengrossedinastudyoftheparticularphenomenaintheirrichnessandvariety....

Butaphilosophicalanalysissetsitselfadifferenttask.Itsstartingpointanditshypothesisareembodiedintheconvictionthatthevariedandseeminglydispersedraysmaybegatheredtogetherandbroughtintoacommonfocus.

Theideathatpeoplecanbehavenaturally,withoutresortingtoanartificialcodetacitlyagreeduponbytheirsociety,isassillyastheideathattheycancommunicatebyaspokenlanguagewithoutcommonlyacceptedsemanticandgrammaticalrules.

Likelanguage,acodeofmannerscanbeusedwithmoreorwithlessskillforlaudableorforevilpurposes,toexpressagreatvarietyofideasandemotions.Initself,itcarriesnomoralvalue,butignoranceinuseofthistoolisnotasignofvirtue.Inarticulatenessshouldnotbemistakenforguiltlessness.

【答案】译文：哲学文化始于这样一种假设上，即人类文明并不仅仅是松散而孤立的事实的累积。哲学试图把现象作为系统的有机整体来解释。

译文：但是哲学分析给自己设定了不同的任务。它的研究起点和假设体现在这样一种论断中：即不同的和分散的光线会被聚焦在一起，成为共同的焦点。

译文：那种认为人们可以我行我素，无需借助一种全社会都默认的人为制定的规范的想法，就像认为人们可以用一种没有被普遍认可的语法规则的语言来进行交流的想法一样愚昧。

译文：就像语言一样，一种行为准则可以用或多或少的技巧来表达各种各样的想法和情感，或用于值得称赞的目的，或用于邪恶的目的。

2.单选题

W:Whatseemstobetheproblem?

M:Well,Iunderstandthelectures,butIgetmixedupwhenItrytoreadthebook.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

问题1选项

A.Hedoesn’treallyunderstandthelectures.

B.Thebookisconfusing.

C.Thelectureisnotveryclear.

D.Thebookistoodifficultforhim.

【答案】B

【解析】根据男士的话“讲课的内容我都理解了，但读书的时候发现又混乱了”可知B选项‘这本书令人困惑。’正确。

3.单选题

Ifadecisionistakenwithmajorityvoting,eachmemberstatecan,inspecialcases,（）itsparticularnationalinterests.

问题1选项

A.trigger

B.assert

C.foster

D.salute

【答案】B

【解析】trigger触发,引起；assert维护,主张；foster培养；salute致敬,行礼。句意：如果一个决策以多数票通过,那么在特殊情况下,每一个成员国都可以维护其各自的国家利益。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Notuntilthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies（）asaunifiedscience.

问题1选项

A.didecologyemerge

B.whenecologyemerged

C.ecologyemerged

D.whendidecologyemerge

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装结构。当notuntil放句首时，句子要部分倒装。故A项正确。句意：直到19世纪末20世纪初，生态学才作为统一的科学出现。

5.翻译题

这部长达103分钟的纪录片《穹顶之下》于2月28日登上中国各大视频网站，它是由前央视记者柴静自费拍摄制作。影片一经发布就迅速引起公众对于空气污染的关注，也鼓励了人们要有所行动。新任环保部长陈吉宁表示，他已经联系了柴静并表达了感谢。在3月1日的新闻发布会上，他表示，保护环境从来不是环保部门的“个人行为”，欢迎人人贡献出自己的一份力。与此同时，一些专家也提醒观众，在被视频感动的同时，也要注意到片子也有其不足之处。

【答案】UndertheDome,a103-minutedocumentaryself-fundedbyformernewsanchorChaiJing,wasreleasedonvideo-sharingwebsitesinChinaonFeb28.Ithasrapidlypushedthepublicawarenessaboutairpollutionandencouragedpeopletojoinineffortstomakeadifference.ChenJining,newlyappointedministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidhehadcontactedChaitoexpresshisappreciation.“Protectingtheenvironmentisnevera‘personalaffair’ofenvironmentalauthorities.Wewelcomeeverybody’scontribution,”ChentoldthepressonMarch1st.Meanwhile,expertsremindmovedviewersofthefilm’slimitations.

6.单选题

Oneofthemainreasonsisthattheuniversity’s（）attractsstudentsandfacultystaffallovertheworld.

问题1选项

A.fraud

B.respondent

C.misconduct

D.prestige

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析。Fraud欺诈;respondent（尤指离婚案的）被告；misconduct不当行为;prestige声望。句意:其中一个主要原因是大学的吸引了全世界的学生和教职员工。故D项符合句意。

7.单选题

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectedincreasedtax（）.

问题1选项

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】efficiency效率;revenue收入,税收;privilege特权,特免;validity有效性,合法性。句意：城镇规划局表示,下一年的财政前景是乐观的,他们期望能够增加税收收入。

8.单选题

Althoughhewasnotcaughtcheatingontheexam,thefeelingofguilt_______overandoveragain.

问题1选项

A.ascended

B.conquered

C.secured

D.recurred

【答案】D

【解析】ascended上升,追溯;conquered战胜,征服;secured安全的,有把握的;recurred重现。句意：虽然他在考试中作弊没有被抓,但他的负罪感还是一遍又一遍地浮现。选项D符合句意。

9.填空题

The（1）betweenBeijingandTianjinisabout120kilometers.On（2）,theintercityhigh-speedtrain（3）30minutestotransportpassengersfromonecitytotheother.Urbangeographerspredictthatthetwocitieswill（4）growtogethertoformonehugemetropolis.

【答案】distance;average;needs;soon;gradually

【解析】1.语义题。句意:北京和天津的距离是120公里。因此第一空填distance。

2.固定搭配。onaverage平均,大体。

3.语义题。句意:一般来说，城际高速列车需要（花费）30分钟时间将乘客从一个城市运到另一个城市。第三空需要填谓语动词表示“花费,需要”。

4.语义题。此空后面有动词grow，因此此空为一个副词修饰grow，gradually符合句意。

10.单选题

Thedoctortoldmethemedicinecan（）myheadachewithoutdoingmeanyharm.

问题1选项

A.heal

B.improve

C.cure

D..treat

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉我这种药可以治愈我的头痛而不伤害我。选项A，C，D均表示治疗。heal多指创伤，外伤愈合；cure多指病后恢复健康；treat多指对伤口或者病情进行诊断，强调过程。所以选项C符合语境。

11.单选题

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

问题1选项

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项onoccasion“间或，有时”，例句：Ithas,onoccasion，createdtroubleforthebank.(有时，这给银行造成麻烦。)；B选项onpurpose“故意”，例句：Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.（我特地来这里看你。)；C选项oncondition“在……条件下，如果，倘若”，例句：Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.(你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D选项onlyif“只要，只有”。用于句首时，后面主句的主谓语要倒装，例如：Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoenterthisroom.（只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进这屋。)。四个选项中只有C选项oncondition后面跟that从句，表示“在……条件下”。句意：他向我借钱，我同意了，但条件是下周还钱。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

12.单选题

ForthousandsofCanadians,badserviceisneithermake-believenoramusing.Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.Acrossthecountry,betterbusinessbureausreportalengtheninglitanyofcomplaintsaboutcontractors,cardealers,repairshops,movingcompanies,airlinesanddepartmentstores.Thereisalmostanadversarialfeelingbetweenbusinessesandconsumers.

Expertssaythereareseveralexplanationsforillfeelinginthemarketplace.Oneisthatcustomerservicewasanearlyandinevitablecasualtywhenretailersrespondedtobrutalcompetitionbyreplacingemployeeswithtechnologysuchas1~800numbersandvoicemail.Anotherfactoristhatbusinessgenerallyhasbegunplacingmoreemphasisongettingcustomersthanonkeepingthem.Stillanotheristhatstrident,frustratedandimpatientshoppersvexshopownersandmakethemevenlesshospitable—especiallyatbusiertimesoftheyearlikeChristmas.Onbothsides,simplecourtesyhasgonebytheboard.Andforamultitudeofconsumers,servicewentwithit.

TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.Peoplecomplainaboutbeinginsulted,havingtheirintelligenceandintegrityquestioned,andbeingthreatened.Onewillhearaboutpeoplebeinghauledalmostbodilyoutthedoorbysomebodysayingthingslike“Idon’thavetoserveyou!”or“thisisprivateproperty,getoutanddon’tcomeback!”Whatcancustomersdo?Ifthebureau’sarbitrationprocessfailstosettleadispute,acustomer’sonlyrecourseistosueinsmallclaimscourt.Butbecauseofthecostsandtimeittakes,relativelyfeweverdo.

Thereisalotofsupportforthenotionthatservicehas,inpart,fallenvictimtogenerationalchange.Manyyoungpeopleregardretailing“asjustadead-endjobthatyou’rejustgoingtodotemporarilyonyourwaytoarealjob”.Youngclerksoftenlackbothknowledgeandcivility.Employersarehavingtotrainyoungpeopleinsimplemannersbecausethatisnotbeingdoneathome.Salespeopletoday,especiallytheyoungerones,havegrownupinatelevision-computersocietywherethey’veinteractedlargelywithmachines.Oneofthebiggestcomplaintsfrombusinessesaboutgraduatesisthelackofinterpersonalskills.

Whatcustomersreallywantisaccess.Theywanttogetthroughwhentheycall,theydon’twantbusysignals,theydon’twantinteractivesystemstellingthemtopushoneforthisandtwoforthat—theydon’twantvoicemail.Andifcustomersdonotgetwhattheywant,theydefect.Somepeoplegobacktolocalsmallbusinesses:theAsiangreengrocer,aGreekbakerandaGreekfishmonger.Theydon’twearnametags,butonegetstoknowthem,allbyname.

46.Atabusinessplaceofbadservice,theworstonecangetis（）.

47.Oneofthereasonsforsuchillfeelinginthemarketplaceisthat（）.

48.WhathaschangedatVancouverBelerServiceBurcauinthepastfiveyears?（）

49.Youngclerksoftenlackinterpersonalskillschieflybecausethey（）.

50.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsbusinessesandbadserviceis（）them.

问题1选项

A.indifferenceandrudeness

B.nakedhostilityandphysicalviolence

C.havingintelligenceandintegrityquestioned

D.beinginsultedandthreatened

问题2选项

A.shoppersareusuallystrident,frustratedandimpatient

B.shoppersoftentakebusinessestocourttosettlethem

C.businessesusenewtechnologyinsteadofemployee

D.businessesarekeenonkeepingcustomers,notgettingthem

问题3选项

A.Moreeffective.

B.Lessbureaucracy.

C.Morebusiness.

D.Betterstaff.

问题4选项

A.areskilledindealingwithmachinesnotpeople

B.arenottrainedinsimplemannersathome

C.fallvictimstogenerationalchange

D.takeretailingtobeatemporaryjob

问题5选项

A.attacking

B.understanding

C.regretting

D.warning

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】46.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第一段第二句“Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.（它是一个正在不断恶化的现实生活中的现象，包括从漠不关心、粗俗无礼到不加掩饰的恶意甚至身体暴力等一系列行为。）”可知，这些劣质服务行为按照严重程度递增排列。A选项“冷漠和粗鲁”；B选项“赤裸裸的敌意和身体暴力”；C选项“智力和正直受到质疑”；D选项“被侮辱和威胁”，其中最恶劣的是不加掩饰的恶意甚至身体暴力，因此B选项正确。

47.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第二段，第二段分析了三个原因。第一个原因是：零售商应对残酷的竞争采用技术取代员工。第二个原因是：商家一般都开始把重点更多放在赢得顾客而不是保持顾客上。第三个原因是：一些吵闹的、失望的没有耐心的购买者经常惹恼店主。A选项“购物者通常是刺耳的、沮丧的和不耐烦的”只是个别现象；B选项“购物者经常把商家告上法庭”文中没有提到；C选项“商家使用技术替代员工”符合题意；D选项“企业热衷于留住顾客，而不是得到他们”与文意不符，因此C选项正确。

48.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第三段的第一句“TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.（温哥华商业促进局每周接到250起投诉，是五年前的两倍。该局当时只有一名投诉顾问，现在有四名。）”可知，投诉多了，业务更加繁忙了。A选项“效率更高”；B选项“官僚作风减少”；D选项“更好的职员”文中没有提到，C选项“更多的业务”符合题意，因此C选项正确。

49.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意可定位到文章第四段，第四段提到了服务成了代与代之间变化的受害者并对其进行了阐述。A选项“擅长与机器而非人打交道”与年轻职员人际交流能力差相关，而且是直接原因；B选项“在家没有接受简单的礼仪训练”；C选项“成为代与代之间变化的受害者”；D选项“将零售视为临时的工作”都是年轻人其他方面的表现，因此A选项正确。

50.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】作者意图题。文中作者主要描述了劣质服务的存在及分析其原因。最后一段作者写到顾客真正想要的是一个接近的机会。如果顾客得不到他们想要的服务，他们就会跑掉。由此可见作者是在呼吁并警告服务行业要善于找出他们的服务问题并进行改善。A选项“攻击的”；B选项“理解的”；C选项“懊悔的”；D选项“警告的”，因此D选项正确。

13.单选题

In1923theinnovativeRussianfilmmakerDzigaVertovdescribedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld.”Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.Yetfilmsonarthavenothadapowerfulandpervasiveeffectonthewaywesee.

Publicationsonartflourish,butthesebooksandarticlesdonotnecessarilysucceedinteachingustoseemoredeeplyormoreclearly.Muchwritinginarthistoryadvancesthediscourseinthefieldbutisunlikelytoinformtheeyeofoneunfamiliarwithitspolemics.Films,however,withtheircapacitytopresentmaterialvisuallyandtoreachabroaderaudience,havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracy(theabilitytoidentifythedetailsthatcharacterizeaparticularstyle)moreeffectivelythanpublicationscan.Unfortunately,fewofthehundredorsofilmsonartthataremadeeachyearintheUnitedStatesarebroadcastnationallyonprime-timetelevision.

Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.Someoftheseshortcomingscanbeattributedtothefailureofarthistoriansandfilmmakerstocollaboratecloselyenoughwhenmakingfilmsonart.Theseprofessionalsareable,withintheirrespectivedisciplines,toincreaseourawarenessofvisualforms.Forclosecollaborationtooccur,professionalsineachdisciplineneedtorecognizethatfilmsonartcanbebotheducationalandentertaining,butthiswillrequirecompromiseonbothsides.Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.Filmmakersneedtoresisttheimpulsetomovethecameraquicklyfromdetailtodetailforfearofboringtheviewer,toframetheimageforthesakeofdramaalone,toadmusicforfearofsilence.Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentrationand,atthesametime,areconcernedthatitmaynotbecompellingenough-andsotheyhopetoprovidereliefbyinterposing“real”scenesthatbearonlyatangentialrelationshiptothesubject.Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords,butalsobydirectingtheviewer’sgaze.Thespecializedwrittenlanguageofarthistoryneedstoberelinquishedoratleasttemperedforthescreen.Onlyaneffectivecollaborationbetweenfilmmakersandarthistorianscancreatefilmsthatwillenhanceviewers’perceptionsofart.

1.Thepassagesuggeststhatafilmmakerdesiringtoenhanceviewers’perceptionsofartshoulddowhichofthefollowing?

2.TheauthorofthepassagereferstoVertovinthefirstparagraphmostprobablyinorderto

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

4.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

5.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfilmandvisualliteracy?

6.Accordingtothepassage,arthistoriansdesiringtoworkwithfilmmakerstoenhancethepublic’sappreciationofartneedtoacknowledgewhichofthefollowing?

7.Whichofthefollowingwoulddescribetheauthor’smostlikelyreactiontoaclaimthatfilmsonartwouldmoresuccessfullypromotevisualliteracyiftheyfollowedthestandardssetforrockvideos?

问题1选项

A.Relyonthepreciselanguageofarthistorywhendevelopingscriptsforfilmsonart.

B.Relyondramaticnarrativeandmusictosetafilm’stoneandstyle.

C.Recognizethataworkofartbyitselfcanbecompellingenoughtoholdaviewer’sattention.

D.Dependmorestronglyonnarrationinsteadofcameramovementstoguidetheviewer’sgaze.

问题2选项

A.provideanexampleofhowfilmscanbeusedtoinfluenceperceptions

B.presentevidencetosupporttheargumentthatfilmshavebeenusedsuccessfullytoinfluenceviewers’perceptions

C.introducethenotionthatfilmcaninfluencehowviewerssee

D.contrastatraditionalviewoftheusesoffilmwithamoremodemview

问题3选项

A.Anobservationaboutanunsatisfactorysituationisoffered,thereasonsforthesituationarediscussed,andthenwaystochangeitaresuggested.

B.Twoopinionsregardingacontroversialphenomenonarecontrasted,supportingevidenceforeachispresented,andthenthetwoopinionsarereconciled.

C.Criticismofapointofviewisdiscussed,thecriticismisanswered,andthenthecriticismisappliedtoanotherpointofview.

D.Apointofviewisdescribed,evidencesupportingtheviewisprovided,andthenasummaryispresented.

问题4选项

A.discussingwhyfilm’spotentialasamediumforpresentingarttothegeneralpublichasnotbeenfullyrealizedandhowfilmmightbemademoreeffectiveinthisregard

B.discussingtheshortcomingsoffilmsonartandthetechnologicalinnovationsrequiredtoincreasetheimpactoffilmonvisualliteracy

C.discussingtheadvantagesandthedisadvantagesofusingfilmsratherthanpublicationstopresentworksofarttothegeneralpublic

D.presentinginformationtosupporttheviewthatfilmsonartmustfocusmoreoneducationandlessonentertainmentinordertoincreasevisualliteracy.

问题5选项

A.Readingapublicationaboutaworkofartandthenseeingafilmaboutthesameworkisthemosteffectivewaytodevelopvisualliteracy.

B.Anincreaseinaviewer’sawarenessofvisualformswillalsoleadtoanincreasedattentionspan.

C.Filmhasagreatbutnotyetfullyexploitedcapacitytoincreaseviewers’awarenessofvisualforms.

D.Afilmthatfocusesonthedetailsofaworkofartwillhinderthedevelopmentofvisualliteracy.

问题6选项

A.Thearthistorian’sroleinthecreationofafilmonartislikelytobearelativelyminorone.

B.Filmcanusenonverbalmeanstoachievesomeofthesameresultsthataspokenorwrittendiscoursecanachieve.

C.Anin-depthanalysisofaworkofartisnotanappropriatetopicforafilmonart.

D.Althoughsilencemaybeanappropriateback-groundwhenviewingaworkofartinamuseum,itisinappropriateinafilm.

问题7选项

A.Ambivalence

B.Indifference

C.Sympathy

D.Disdain

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第三段：Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentration.制片人要意识到艺术的目标就是吸引注意力。确定C选项‘承认艺术作品本身有足够的魅力可以吸引观众的注意’正确。A选项‘在创作艺术类电影时，需要精准的艺术史语言’、B选项‘设计电影基调与风格时，需要戏剧性的叙事与音乐’和D选项‘要抓住观众的注意力，更多的依靠的是叙事，而不是移动的镜头’与原文不符，排除。

2.根据文章第一段：...describedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld”.Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.认为电影制作是一个让观众重新感知世界的过程。托夫影制作的描述是把电影看成是一种艺术。确定C选项‘阐述一个概念：电影是如何影响观众的视觉’正确。A选项‘举个例子说明电影可以影响感知力’、B选项‘为以下论点提供论据：电影已经成功影响了观众的感知力’和D选项‘将对电影作用的传统观点与现代观点进行比较’与原文不符，排除。

3.整个文章是按照先讲问题，再分析原因，最后提出解决办法这一模式行文的，所以A选项‘先提出观察到的令人不满意的现状，再分析原因，最后给出解决方法’正确。B选项‘先提出两个矛盾的观点，再提出各自支持的论据，最后将两个矛盾综合’、C选项‘先批驳一个观点，再反驳回去，然后再批驳另一个观点’和D选项‘先提出一个观点，再给支持该观点的论据，最后总结’不符合原文的写作结构，排除。

4.根据文章第二段：Films...havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracymoreeffectivelythanpublicationscan:电影比出版物更具有提高观众视觉认识能力的潜力。第三段：Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.艺术类电影很少在黄金时段播出，究其原因，一方面是因为分配的限制，另一方面就是许多这类影片本身的不足之处。由确定B选项‘讨论艺术类电影本身的不足之处以及技术创新，要求提高对视觉认识能力的影响力’符合题意。A选项‘讨论电影作为媒体，其向大众传播艺术的潜力没有得到充分发挥的原因，以及电影在这方面或许有着更大的效应’、C选项‘讨论与出版物相比，运用电影这一方式向大众宣传艺术作品的优势与劣势’和D选项‘为以下观点提供论据：艺术类电影为了提高观众的视觉认识能力，把重点放在教育意义上而非娱乐性‘不符合原文，排除。

5.根据文章第三段：Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.创作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords...艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。艺术历史学家也要相信观众有能力去辨析，而不是仅仅依靠言语。确定C选项‘电影在提高观众的视觉形式意识方面，大有潜力可挖’正确。A选项‘阅读有关艺术作品的出版物，然后看一场同类型的电影，这是提高观众视觉认识能力最有效的方法’、B选项‘观众视觉认识能力的扩大将扩大观众注意力的范围’和D选项‘以艺术类作品为题裁的电影将会阻碍视觉认识能力的发展’不符合原文。

6.根据文章第三段：Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.创作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords...：艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。艺术历史学家也要相信观众有能力去辨析，而不是仅仅依靠言语。由此确定B选项‘演讲或书面言语所取得的效果，电影可以通过非言语的方式获得同样的效果‘正确。A选项‘艺术历史学家创作艺术类电影的作用相对降低了’、C选项‘进一步分析艺术类作品不适合成为艺术类电影的主题的原因’和D选项‘在博物馆欣赏艺术作品时，寂静与之最为相村，可是这一点并不适合用在电影中’不符合原文，排除。

7.根据文章第三段：Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.合作艺术类影片的制片人不应当遵循拍摄摇滚影片和广告的标准。Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.艺术作品需要开发出属于自己的特色语言或术语。由此得出，如果遵照做了，势必产生相反的效果。所以D选项‘蔑视’符合题意。A选项‘矛盾心理’、B选项‘漠不关心’和C选项‘同情’不符合原文，排除。

14.翻译题

输出随输入的变化是很大的。

【答案】Theoutputvariesgreatlyfromtheinput.

15.单选题

ThecourtdecreedthatheshouldbetransportedtoAustralia.

问题1选项

A.predicted

B.ordered

C.decided

D.resolved

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。decree表示“颁布法令”；A项predict“预测”，B项order“命令”，C项decide“决定”，D项resolve“溶解”。句意：法院裁定他应该被遣送到澳大利亚。因此B项正确。

16.单选题

Herlecturecoveredawide（）oftopics,rangingfromtheheatedcontroversytoacademicreflection.

问题1选项

A.extent

B.range

C.collection

D.number

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她的演讲涉及从激烈的争论到学术反思的广泛话题。

考查名词辨析。extent范围；程度（尤指事物延展的范围、高度或距离）；range范围；幅度（尤指认知、知识、经验或能力方面的范围）;collection采集;收集;number数字;号码。这里选择B项比较合适，awiderangeoftopics表示“广泛话题”。

17.单选题

Heisbelievedtohavebeenshotbyarivalgangin（）fortheshootinglastweek.

问题1选项

A.revenge

B.reserve

C.reverse

D.remedial

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词和形容词辨析。A选项revenge“报复；替……报仇”；B选项reserve“储备；自然保护区；预备队；储备金”；C选项reverse“背面；相反；倒退”；D选项remedial“治疗的；补救的；矫正的”。句意：据说他是被敌对帮派射杀，为上周的枪击案复仇。由关键词“shooting枪击”可推知“报复”符合语境，因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

Wedoalotofcollectivethinking,probablymorethananyothersocialspecies,althoughitgoesoninsomethinglikesecrecy.Wedon’tacknowledgethegiftpublicly,andwearenotascelebratedastheinsects,butwedoit.Effortlesslywithoutgivingitamoment'sthought,wearecapableofchangingourlanguage,music,manners,morals,entertainment,eventhewaywedress,allaroundtheearthinayear'sturning.Weseemtodothisbygeneralagreement,withoutvotingorevenpolling.Wesimplythinkourwayalong,passinformationaround,exchangecodesdisguisedasart,changeourminds,andtransformourselves.

Computerscannotdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobability,anditisjustaswell.Otherwise,wemightbetemptedtotakeoverthecontrolofourselvesinordertomakelong-rangeplans,andthatwouldsurelybetheendofus.Itwouldmeanthatsomegrouporother,marvelouslyintelligentandsuperblyinformed,undoubtedlyguidedbyacomputer,wouldbegindecidingwhathumansocietyoughttobelike,say,overthenextfivehundredyearsorso,andtherestofuswouldbepersuaded,onewayoranother,togoalong.Theprocessofsocialevolutionwouldthengrindtoastandstill,andwe'dbestuckintoday'srutforamillennium.

Muchbetterweworkourwayoutofitonourownwithoutgovernance.Thefutureistoointerestinganddangeroustobeentrustedtoanypredictable,reliableagency.Weneedallthefallibilitywecanget.Mostofall,weneedtopreservetheabsoluteunpredictabilityandtotalimprobabilityofourconnectedminds.Thatwaywecankeepopenalltheoptions,aswehaveinthepast.

Itwouldbenicetohavebetterwaysofmonitoringwhatwe'reuptosothatwecouldrecognizechangewhileitisoccurring,insteadofwakingupaswedonowtotheastonishedrealizationthatthewholecenturyjustpastwasn'twhatwethoughtitwasatall.Maybecomputerscanbeusedtohelpinthis,althoughIratherdoubtit.Youcanmakesimulationmodelsofcities,butwhatyoulearnisthattheyseemtobebeyondthereachofintelligentanalysis;ifyoutrytousecommonsensetomakepredictions;thingsgetmorebotchedupthanever.Thisisinteresting,sinceacityisthemostconcentratedaggregationofhumans,allexertingwhateverinfluencetheycanbringtobear.Thecityseemstohavealifeofitsown.Ifwecannotunderstandhowthisworks,wearenotlikelytogetveryfarwithhumansocietyatlarge.

Still,you’dthinktherewouldbesomewayin.Joinedtogether,thegreatmassofhumanmindsaroundtheearthseemstobehavelikeacoherent,livingsystem.Thetroubleisthattheflowofinformationismostlyone-way.Weareallobsessedbytheneedtofeedinformationin,asfastaswecan,butwelacksensingmechanismsforgettinganythingmuchback.IwillconfessthatIhavenomoresenseofwhatgoesoninthemindofmankindthan1haveofthemindofanant.Cometothinkofit,thismightbeagoodplacetostart.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“computercannotdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobability,anditisjustaswell’’(Paragraph2)?

3.Whichoneofthefollowingoptionswouldtheauthorchoose?

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsimulatedmodelsofcities?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.Weregardcollectivethinkingasecretthatshouldn'tbeexposedtothepublic.

B.Manistheonlyspeciesthatisendowedwiththegiftforcollectivethinking.

C.Collectivethinkingisdoneinhumansocietysometimesunconsciously.

D.Weneedtoreachgeneralagreementtoconductcollectivethinking.

问题2选项

A.Computerscan’tdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobabilityaswellasthehumanmindscando.

B.Computerscan'tdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobability,whichisbetterthantheycan.

C.Whethercomputerscanorcan'tdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobabilitydoesn’tmeanmuch.

D.Computerscanjustaswelldealwithsuchlevelsofimprobability.

问题3选项

A.Thefuturebecomesmorepredictable.

B.Humanactivitiesandcollectivethinkingshouldbeundermorecontrol.

C.Commonsenseshouldbeappliedtomakepredictions.

D.Wepossesssomesensingmechanismsforinformationfeedback.

问题4选项

A.Simulatedmodelsofcitiescan’tbemade.

B.Arealcitywillexertgreaterininfluencethanasimulatedmodelofcity.

C.Simulatedmodelsofcitiesexertinfluenceontheirinhabitants.

D.Simulatedmodelsofcitiesaredifferentfromtherealonesinthatthelatterhavelifeoftheirown.

问题5选项

A.computerswouldonedaytakecontrolofthehumansociety

B.theworkingsoftheant’smindismorecomplicatedthattheworkingsofthehumanmind

C.socialevolutionwillcometoastopifcomputersareusedtosolveproblems

D.theauthorisn'tverypositiveastowhethercomputerscanmonitorwhatwe’reupto

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。A:我们认为集体思维是一不应该被公开的秘密。文章指出:我们不公开地承认这个天赋，因此A项不符合原文所述。B:人类是唯一具有集体性思考天赋的物种。文章表明:我们人类相比任何其他社会物种可能进行更多的集体性思考，因此B项不符合原文所述。C:集体性思考在人类社会中有时是无意识地进行的。第一段第一句指出:Wedoalotofcollectivethinking,probablymorethananyothersocialspecies,althoughitgoesoninsomethinglikesecrecy(我们人类相比任何其他社会物种可能进行更多的集体性思考，但该思考却是秘密地进行)。因此C项正确。D:我们需要达成一致意见才可进行集体思维。

第2题:语义题。对于该句句意的理解可参考第二段第二句:Otherwise,wemightbetemptedtotakeoverthecontrolofourselvesinordertomakelong-rangeplans,andthatwouldsurelybetheendofus(否则，我们人类可能为了制定长远的计划而被诱惑去控制自己，而那无疑意味着我们的结束)。由此推测B项“计算机不具备处理如此水平的不大可能的事情比具有更好”正确。A:计算机不能像人类大脑那样处理这种不可能的程度，此项只是表达了题干中句子前半部分的意思，故排除。C:计算机能否处理此水平的不大可能的事情并不重要，这与第二段第二句表述不符，故排除。D:计算机也能处理好此水平的不大可能的事情，第二段第一句指出:computercannotdealwithsuchlevelsofimprobability(计算机不具备处理如此水平的不大可能的事情)。因此D项不符合原文所述。