考研考博-英语-天津轻工职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津轻工职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ⅹ.(IntellectualProperties)

Incaseswhereanominativefairusedefenseisraised,weaskwhether(1)theproductwas“readilyidentifiable”withoutuseofthemark;(2)defendantusedmoreofthemarkthannecessary;or(3)defendantfalselysuggestedhewassponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.ButifthenominativeusesatisfiesthethreefactorNewKidstest,itdoesn’tinfringe.IfthenominativeusedoesnotsatisfyalltheNewKidsfactors,thedistrictcourtmayorderdefendantstomodifytheiruseofthemarksothatallthreefactorsaresatisfied;itmaynotenjoinnominativeuseofthemarkaltogether.ThedistrictcourtenjoinedtheTabarisfromusing“anyTTTdomainname,servicemark,trademark,tradename,metatagorothercommercialindicationoforiginthatincludesthemarkLEXUS.”Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.Accordingly,“wemustensurethattheinjunctionistailoredtoeliminateonlythespecificharmalleged.”Toupholdthebroadinjunctionenteredinthiscase,wewouldhavetobeconvincedthatconsumersarelikelytobelieveasiteissponsoredorendorsedbyatrademarkholderwheneverthedomainnamecontainsthestringoflettersthatmakeupthetrademark.Inperformingthisanalysis,ourfocusmustbeonthe“‘reasonablyprudentconsumer’inthemarketplace”.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.Theinjunctionhereisplainlyoverbroad—asevenToyota’scounselgrudginglyconcededatoralargument—becauseitprohibitsdomainnamesthatontheirfacedispelanyconfusionastosponsorshiporendorsement.

87.The3factortestfornominativefairuseisNOTdesignedto___.

88.Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementbecause___.

89.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecaninferthat___.

90.WhichofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryforthecourttoupholdthebroadinjunctionmadebythelowercourt?

问题1选项

A.preventamistakenbeliefthattheuseisendorsedbythetrademarkholder

B.resolvethelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeuse

C.dealwiththemistakenbeliefbytheconsumers

D.addresstheriskofnominativeuse

问题2选项

A.itisnotnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

B.acompanymayusemoremarksthannecessary

C.ofacompany’suseofanunnecessarytrademark

D.itisnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

问题3选项

A.theFirstAmendmentconcernswithfreedomofspeech

B.atrademarkinjunctioncaninterferewithtruthfulcommunication

C.atrademarkinjunctionalwaysinvolvesnominativefairuse

D.buyersandsellersareinthemarketplace

问题4选项

A.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace.

B.Theunreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppers

C.Theprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline

D.ThekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’website

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:B

【解析】87.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.（这个测试“评估指称性使用例中混淆的可能性”。它的目的是解决这样一种风险，即商标的提名使用会让消费者误以为说话者是由商标持有人赞助或支持的）可知C选项“处理消费者的错误信念”并不是命名的合理使用的三因素测试设计的目的；A选项“防止错误地认为使用是由商标持有人支持的”，B选项“解决指称性使用混淆的可能性”以及D选项“解决指称性使用的风险”是其测试涉及的目的。因此C选项正确。

88.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.（第三个因素直接说明了这种混淆的风险，而其他因素则间接说明了这一点：如果一家公司使用了不必要的商标或比必要的商标“更多”，消费者可能会合理地推断出赞助或支持）可知选B选项“一个公司可能使用比必要的更多的标志”；A选项“公司没有必要使用商标”，C选项“公司使用不必要的商标”以及D选项“公司使用商标是必要的”不符合原文。因此B选项正确。

89.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到划线句子部分Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.（一项商标禁令，特别是涉及提名的合理使用的禁令，可能会引起《第一修正案》(FirstAmendment)的严重关切，因为它可能会干扰市场上买卖双方的真实沟通）可知B选项“商标禁令可能干扰真实沟通”符合原文；A选项“第一修正案涉及言论自由”，C选项“商标禁令总是涉及到命名的合理使用”以及D选项“买方和卖方在市场”无法从划线句子部分推断出，排除。因此B选项正确。

90.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.（相关市场是网络市场，相关消费者是习惯在网上购物的合理谨慎的消费者；这类消费者在购买豪华车等昂贵产品时，可能会访问Tabaris的网站。不合理、轻率和缺乏经验的网上购物者并不必要）可知选B选项“不合理、轻率和缺乏经验的网络购物者”；A选项“相关的市场是在线市场”，C选项“习惯网上购物的谨慎消费者”以及D选项“可能访问Tabaris网站的消费者”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

Themethodofsciencedoesnotseektoimposethedesiresandhopesofmenuponthefluxofthingsinacapriciousmanner.Itmayindeedbeemployedtosatisfythedesiresofmen.Butitssuccessfulusedependsuponseeking,inadeliberatemanner,andirrespectiveofwhatmen’sdesiresare,torecognize,aswellastotakeadvantageof,thestructurewhichthefluxpossesses.

Consequently,scientificmethodaimstodiscoverwhatthefactstrulyare,andtheuseofthemethodmustbeguidedbythediscoveredfacts.But,aswehaverepeatedlypointedout,whatthefactsarecannotbediscoveredwithoutreflection.Knowledgeofthefactscannotbeequatedtothebruteimmediacyofoursensations.Whenourskincomesintocontactwithobjectshavinghightemperaturesorwithliquidair,theimmediateexperiencesmaybesimilar.Wecannot,however,concludewithouterrorthatthetemperaturesofthesubstancestouchedarethesame.Sensoryexperiencesetstheproblemofknowledge,justbecausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.

Everyinquiryarisesfromsomefeltproblem,sothatnoinquirycanevengetunderwayunlesssomeselectionorsiftingofthesubjectmatterhastakenplace.Suchselectionrequires,wehavebeenurgingallalong,somehypothesis,preconception,prejudice,whichguidestheresearchaswellasdelimitsthesubjectmatterofinquiry.Everyinquiryisspecificinthesensethatithasadefiniteproblemtosolve,andsuchsolutionterminatestheinquiry.Itisidletocollect“facts’’unlessthereisaproblemuponwhichtheyaresupposedtobear.

Theabilitytoformulateproblemswhosesolutionmayalsohelpsolveotherproblemsisararegift,requiringextraordinarygenius.Theproblemswhichmeetusindailylifecanbesolved,iftheycanbesolvedatall,bytheapplicationofscientificmethod.Butsuchproblemsdonot,asarule,raisefar-reachingissues.Themoststrikingapplicationsofscientificmethodaretobefoundinthevariousnaturalandsocialsciences.

The“facts”forwhicheveryinquiryreachesoutarepropositionsforwhosetruththereisconsiderableevidence.Consequentlywhatthe“facts”aremustbedeterminedbyinquiry,andcannotbedeterminedantecedentlytoinquiry.Moreover,whatwebelievetobethefactsclearlydependsuponthestageofourinquiry.Thereisthereforenosharplinedividingfactsfromguessesorhypotheses.Duringanyinquirythestatusofapropositionmaychangefromthatofhypothesistothatoffact,orfromthatoffacttothatofhypothesis.Everyso-calledfact,therefore,maybechallengedfortheevidenceuponwhichitisassertedtobeafact,eventhoughnosuchchallengeisactuallymade.

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe（）.

2.Thephrase“irrespectiveof”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（）.

3.Theauthormentioned“Whenourskin…besimilar”inordertoshowthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestparaphrasethelastsentence“Itisidle…,tobear”inParagraph3?

5.AllofthefollowingstatementsareTRUEEXCEPTthat（）.

问题1选项

A.HypothesesandScientificMethod

B.EvidenceandScientificMethod

C.FactsandScientificMethod

D.SystemintheIdealofScience

问题2选项

A.regardlessof

B.irrelevantto

C.regarding

D.asregards

问题3选项

A.thediscoveryoftruefactscouldnotoccurwithouttheoreticalanalysis

B.allimmediateexperiencesareimportantforscientificmethod

C.thefactsarebasedontheimmediateexperiences

D.knowledgeofthefactscannottakeplacewithoutoursensations

问题4选项

A.Factscanbeeffectivelycollectedbeforewecanfeelsomeproblembearingonthem.

B.Collectingfactsshouldrelyonsomehypotheses.

C.Thereisnouseincollectingfactsifthereisnopossibilityofformulatingaproblembasedonthem.

D.Itisworthytocollectfactsifthereisnoproblemtowhichtheyareprobablyrelated.

问题5选项

A.withoutcarefulthoughtswecannotdiscovertherealfacts

B.factswouldnotappeariftherewerenotheoreticalanalysisandinterpretation

C.itisnotdifficultforpeopletodistinguishthefactsfromguesses

D.itistoughforpeopletoformulateproblemsthatmayleadtoscientificinquiry

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨题。根据文章第二段，“scientificmethodaimstodiscoverwhatthefactstrulyare,andtheuseofthemethodmustbeguidedbythediscoveredfacts.”，可知科学方法的目的是发现事实的真相，方法的使用必须以发现的事实为指导。概述了了科学方法和事实之间的关系。后面的文段对这个话题进行了详细讨论和阐述。所以本文的主题就是事实和科学方法。详细C符合题意。

2.词义理解题。根据文章第一段，“Butitssuccessfulusedependsuponseeking,inadeliberatemanner,andirrespectiveofwhatmen’sdesiresare,torecognize,aswellastotakeadvantageof,thestructurewhichthefluxpossesses.”，可知科学方法的成功使用取决于以深思熟虑的方式，且不在考虑人的欲望的情况下，去识别和利用变迁的结构。所以人们的欲望是不被考虑的。regardlessof意思是不管，不顾。选项A符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第二段，“Knowledgeofthefactscannotbeequatedtothebruteimmediacyofoursensations.”，可知对事实的理解不能等同于我们感觉的无理的直接性。再根据第二段最后一句，“Sensoryexperiencesetstheproblemofknowledge,justbecausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.”，可知感觉经验产生了知识问题，因为这种经验是直接的，最后它必须通过反思分析才能促使知识的产生。所以作者用皮肤接触高温物体和液态空气的例子来说明没有理论分析就不能发现事实的道理。选项A符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第三段，“Itisidletocollect“facts’’unlessthereisaproblemuponwhichtheyaresupposedtobear.”，可知收集“事实”是徒劳的，如果它们没有承载特定的需要被研究的问题。可推断出如果没有可能在收集事实的基础上提出问题，那么收集事实就没有任何用处。选项C符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章第二段，“whatthefactsarecannotbediscoveredwithoutreflection.”，可推断出没有反思就不可能发现事实，选项A可排除。根据文章第二段，“becausesuchexperienceisimmediateandfinallyitmustbecomeinformedbyreflectiveanalysisbeforeknowledgecanbesaidtotakeplace.”，可推断出因为这样的经验是直接的，最后必须通过反思分析来获得知识。选项B可排除。根据文章第四段，“Theabilitytoformulateproblemswhosesolutionmayalsohelpsolveotherproblemsisararegift,requiringextraordinarygenius.”，可知解决问题的能力可能也有助于解决其他问题，这需要非凡的天赋。可推断出人们很难提出科学可探究的问题。选项D可排除。根据文章最后一段，“Thereisthereforenosharplinedividingfactsfromguessesorhypotheses.”，可知事实与猜测或假设之间没有明显的界限。可推断出人们很难区分事实与猜测，选项C与原文不符，选项C符合题意。

3.写作题

Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“QualitiesofLaborandSocietyDevelopment”accordingtotheideagivenbelowinChinese.

人力资源是社会发展的前提保证，劳动者的素质要求是多元化的。在劳动技能和劳动方式上，社会对大家的要求可能不同，但是人的基本社会道德素养和文化修养对于社会而言是共同的一致需求。因此社会的发展要注意人的技能和知识水平提升的同时也要为人的道德和文化素养的培养提供氛围和支持。

【答案】QualitiesofLaborandSocietyDevelopment

Humanresourceisthepremiseforsocialdevelopment,andthequalitiesoflaborarediversified.Itisvitalforimprovingtheoverallqualityoftheworkforcetopayattentiontoimprovethequalitiesofthesetwokinds:skillsandmethodsoflabor;socialmoralityandculturalcultivation.

Intermsofskillsandmethodsoflabor,peoplearerequireddifferently.Toaqualifiedphysician,oneshouldhaveagreatdealofprofessionalknowledgeonmedicalscienceandabundantinpracticalexperiences.Asweknow,inordertobeacertifieddoctor,amedicalstudentalwayshastostudyinmedicalinstituteforseveralyearsandthenworkasaninternshipforalongperiodbeforehecanpracticeindependently.Abusdrivermusthaveexcellentdrivingskillandgreatknowledgeoftransportation.Afashiondesignerissupposedtobegoodatdrawingandhavegoodsenseofbeauty.Differentkindsofworkrequiredifferentskillsandknowledge.

Butpeople,regardlessoftheirjob,shouldcomplywiththebasicrequirementofsocialmoralityandculturalcultivation.Socailmoralityisacodeofconductaboutwhatweshoulddoornotinordertosafeguardthesocialinterestsandstabilityofoursociety.Asnormalpeople,nomatterwhatkindsofjobwedo,weallneedtoobeythebasicsocialrules,suchasfulfillingourfilialduties,takingcareofchildren,beingkindtoothers,etc.

Inaword,thedevelopmentofsocietynotonlyneedputemphasisontheimprovementofpeople’sskillsandknowledgebutalsooughttoprovidesoundenvironmentforlaborers’moralandculturaldevelopment.Onlyinthisway,canoursocietybeprogressiveandharmonious.

4.单选题

Officejobsareamongthepositionshardesthitbycomputation.Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.BlamethePC:Today,manyexecutivestypetheirownmemosandcarrytheir“secretaries”inthepalmsoftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.

Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendupintheunemploymentline.Manywillshifttogrowingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookupthetelecombusiness,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursuedretraining.Sheisnowacommunicationstechnician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou’vebeenatollboothcollectorforthepast30years,andyoufindyourselfreplacedbyanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolationtoknowthatthetelecommfieldisbooming.

Andthat’sjustit:Theserviceeconomyisfading;welcometotheexpertiseeconomy.Tosucceedinthenewjobmarket,youmustbeabletohandlecomplexproblems.Indeed,allbutoneofthe50highest-payingoccupations—air-trafficcontroller—demandatleastabachelor’sdegree.

Forthosewithjustahighschooldiploma,it’sgoingtogettoughertofindawell-payingjob.Sincefewerfactoryandclericaljobswillbeavailable,what’sleftwillbethejobsthatcomputationcan’tkill:Computerscan’tcleanoffices,orcareforAlzheimer’spatients.But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcomputationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor.Thebestadvicenow:Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.

Forbusyadults,ofcourse,thatcanbetough.Thegoodnewsisthattheverytechnologythat’sreducingsomanyjobsisalsomakingiteasiertogobacktoschool—withouthavingtositinaclassroom.So-calledInternetdistancelearningishot,withmorethanthreemillionstudentscurrentlyenrolled,andit’sgainingcredibilitywithemployers.

Areyouatriskoflosingyourjobtoacomputer?CheckthefederalBureauofLaborStatistics’OccupationalOutlookHandbook,whichisavailableonlineat.

34.FromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthatallofthefollowingpersonsareeasilythrownintounemploymentEXCEPT（）.

35.Bysaying“...computationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor”(Para.4)theauthormeans（）.

36.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscomputers?

37.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.secretaries

B.stockclerks

C.managers

D.wholesalers

问题2选项

A.peoplearegettingricherandricher

B.therewillbeasmallgapbetweenrichandpoor

C.thegapbetweenrichandpoorisgettinglargerandlarger

D.it’stimetocloseupthegapbetweentherichandpoor

问题3选项

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Neutral.

D.Prejudiced

问题4选项

A.BlamingthePC.

B.Theboomingtelecommfield.

C.Internetdistancelearning.

D.Keepingupwithcomputation.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】34.推理判断题。定位在第一段Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.（文字处理人员和打字员将在最近几年失去93000个就业职位，57000个秘书的职位将消失。）Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.（股票职员的日子也不好过，其职位预期要减少68000个。）Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.（同时，制造业的雇员和批发商也正在被计算机化的系统所替代。）由此可知，A选项“秘书”，B选项“股票职员”，D选项“批发商”都很容易失业。因此C选项“经理”最不可能失业，符合题意，故选C。

35.推理判断题。定位到第四段But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcomputationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor.（但是，由于大多数人都能胜任这样的职位，工资就会非常低，这就意味着计算机自动化可能会在贫富之间打入一个更深的楔子。）也即是说，计算机自动化可能会造成贫富之间的差距越来越大。因此C选项“贫富差距越来越大”正确，符合题意。A选项“人们越来越富有了”，B选项“贫富差距会减小”，D选项“是时候缩小贫富差距了”，均不符合题意。故选C。

36.观点态度题。这篇文章客观地说明了计算机自动化所造成或将要造成的失业问题，作者对此深表同情，但作者对计算机自动化却还是肯定的。定位到第三段Theserviceeconomyisfading;welcometotheexpertiseeconomy.（服务经济正在衰退；欢迎来到专业经济。）和第四段中的Thebestadvicenow:Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.（现在最好的建议是永远不要停止学习，跟上新技术的步伐。）说明在作者眼里计算机自动化是科技的进步，能够催人奋进，努力学习。由此可见作者对计算机持肯定的态度，因此A选项“积极的；肯定的”正确，符合题意。B选项“消极的；否定的”，C选项“中立的”，D选项“怀有偏见的”均不符合题意。故选A。

37.主旨大意题。本文主要围绕“计算机自动化”展开叙述，客观地说明了计算机自动化所造成或将要造成的失业问题，作者对此深表同情，同时也提出忠告：学无止境，跟上新技术不落伍。因此D选项“跟上计算机的使用”正确，符合题意。A选项“责怪电脑”，B选项“蓬勃发展的电信领域”，C选项“网络远程教育”，均不符合题意。故选D。

5.单选题

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Kidnappingisthecruelestcrimeofthe20thcentury.Thereisnotthepoliticalpassionbehindmosthijacking;themotiveisgreedformoney.Thevictims,providedtheirfamiliesarerichenough,arechosenatrandom.Withtheconstantexposurebythemediaofpersonalfameandfortune,mostpeoplearevulnerablethanever.

ThemostnotoriouskidnappingbeganontheeveningofMarch1,1932,whensomeoneplacedahome-madeladderagainsttheNewJerseyhomeofColonelCharlesLindberghandstolehisblond,blue-eyedbabyson.Aransomnotewasleftfromthekidnapper.Lindbergh,thefirstpilottoflysoloacrosstheAtlantic,wasthemostpopularmaninAmerica.

Whentheboywasfoundafewmilesawaywithhisheadcrushedin,thewholenationwasshockedandCongresspassedthe“LindberghKidnapLaw”,withthedeathpenaltyfortransportingakidnapvictimacrossastateline.Thekidnapper,BrunoRichardHauptmann,wascaughttwo-and-a-halfyearslater,whenheexchangedsomeoftheransommoney.Hewasexecutedin1936.

Kidnappingisanexampleofinflation:Hauptmanndemanded$50,000;in1973theGettyfamilyhadtopay1,300,000poundsandtheransomdeliveryintwobillionItalianlireweighedaton.Inthiskidnapping,thingswentdreadfullywrong.WhenthekidnapperscutoffGetty’srightearandsentittoanewspaper,theyforgotthepostalstrikewhichdelayedthisproofbythreeweeks.InthecaseofMurielMcKay,thekidnapperspickedthewrongwoman.TheHoseinbrothershaddevelopedtheirplanwhentheysawRupertMurdochonaTVshowin1969andheardhimdescribedasamillionaire,awordwhichstimulatedtheiraction.Yet,intracingMurdoch’sRolls-Royce,theyfailedtorealizethathehadleftforAustraliawithhiswifeandhadloanedthecartoDouglasMcKay,achairmanofoneofhisenterprises.Attackingthewronghome,theHoseinskidnappedMrs.McKaybymistake,butstilldemandedtheirmillionpounds.

Theendresultofkidnappingisneverclean:Lindberghneverpsychologicallyrecovered.YoungPaulGettyjokes:“Itwasahigh-pricedear!”Butthescarsmustbeinternal,too.ThesaddestcommentcamefromDouglasMcKayafterthetrialoftheHoseins:“Theyhavegotalifesentence.I,too,havealifesentencewonderingjustwhathashappenedtomydearwife.”

21.Whyaremostpeoplevulnerablethaneveraccordingtothewriter?

22.WhatdowelearnabouttheLindberghcase?

23.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Kidnappingisanexampleofinflation”?

24.WhatcouldbeinferredwhentheHoseinbrotherskidnappedMurielMcKay?

25.Whatdoesthewritersuggestaboutthekidnappingvictimsandtheirrelatives?

问题1选项

A.Therearemoregreedypeopleintheworldthaneverbefore.

B.Therearemorerichpeopleintheworldthaneverbefore.

C.Itisdifficultnowadaystoberichinsecret.

D.Politicalhijackingshavebecomemoreandmorecommon.

问题2选项

A.LindberghwasthefirstpilottoflysoloacrossthePacific.

B.Lindberghplacedahome-madeladderagainsthishouse.

C.Thekidnapperwasarrestedandexecuted4yearslater.

D.ThekidnapperkilledLindbergh’ssoncold-bloodedly.

问题3选项

A.Therearemoreandmorekidnappingcases.

B.Kidnappersmakemoreandmoremistakes.

C.Kidnappersdemandformoreandmoreransom.

D.Kidnappersarenotpaidasmuchastheyrequire.

问题4选项

A.Theywerepaidamillionpounds,butstillkilledthevictim.

B.TheythoughtthattheywerekidnappingMrs.Murdoch.

C.TheydidnotknowthatMrs.McKayhadgonetoAustralia.

D.TheydidnotknowthatMrs.MurdochwasanAustralian.

问题5选项

A.Theyusuallyneverrecovercompletely.

B.Theyareusuallyleftwithnomoneyatall.

C.Theyshouldconsiderthemselvesluckytobealive.

D.Theyliveinfearfortherestoftheirlives.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:21.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干定位到文章第一段中的最后一句“Withtheconstantexposurebythemediaofpersonalfameandfortune,mostpeoplearevulnerablethanever.随着个人名誉和财富的媒体的不断曝光，大多数人比以往任何时候都更加脆弱。”可推知C项“现在秘密发财是很困难的。”正确。A项“世界上贪婪的人比以往任何时候都多。”；B项“世界上的富人比以往任何时候都多。”；C项“现在秘密发财是很困难的。”；D项“政治劫持变得越来越普遍。”，因此C选项正确。

22.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。第三段提到Whentheboywasfoundafewmilesawaywithhisheadcrushedin，说明这个飞行员的儿子被绑匪杀害了，与D选项相符。A项“林德伯格是第一个独自飞越太平洋的飞行员”，文中提及林德伯格是第一个独自飞越大西洋的飞行员；B项“林德伯格在他的房子旁放了一个自制的梯子”，梯子是绑匪放的；C项“绑匪被逮捕并在4年后被处决”，绑匪是在两年半后被抓，1936年被处决的。

23.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章第四段中的第一句“Kidnappingisanexampleofinflation:Hauptmanndemanded$50,000;in1973theGettyfamilyhadtopay1,300,000poundsandtheransomdeliveryintwobillionItalianlireweighedaton.绑架就是通货膨胀的一个例子：豪普特曼要求5万美元赎金；1973年，格蒂家族不得不支付130万英镑和价值一吨的20亿意大利里拉的赎金。”豪普特曼要求支付5万美元赎金，而1973年格蒂一家不得不支付130万英镑，可知C项“绑匪要求越来越多的赎金”正确。A项“绑架案件越来越多。”；B项“绑匪犯的错误越来越多。”；C项“绑匪索要越来越多的赎金。”；D项“绑匪得到的报酬并不像他们要求的那么多。”，因此C选项正确。

24.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干定位到文章第四段中的“theyfailedtorealizethathehadleftforAustraliawithhiswifeandhadloanedthecartoDouglasMcKay他们没有意识到他已经和妻子去了澳大利亚，并把车借给了道格拉斯•麦凯”和“Attackingthewronghome,theHoseinskidnappedMrs.McKaybymistake由于袭击了错误的家庭，侯赛因夫妇错误地绑架了麦凯太太”，可知B项“他们认为他们绑架的是默多克太太。”正确。A项“他们拿到了一百万英镑，但还是杀了受害者。”；B项“他们认为他们绑架的是默多克太太。”；C项“他们不知道麦凯太太去了澳大利亚。”；D项“他们不知道默多克太太是澳大利亚人。”，因此B选项正确。

25.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。由题干定位到文章最后一段中的第一句“Theendresultofkidnappingisneverclean:Lindberghneverpsychologicallyrecovered.绑架的最终结果永远是不能干净的：林德伯格的心理永远无法恢复。”可知A项“他们通常不会完全康复。”正确。A项“他们通常不会完全康复。”；B项“他们通常一无所有。”；C项“他们应该认为自己能活着是幸运的。”；D项“他们余生都生活在恐惧中。”，因此A选项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

6.单选题

Itdidnottakelongforthecentralbankto（）theirfears.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.snub

C.smear

D.sanctify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。soothe“使平静，安慰，缓和”；snub“冷落，斥责”；smear“涂上，抹掉，诽谤”；sanctify“使神圣”。句意：银行并没有花费很长时间就缓解了人们的忧虑。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Designatingthisbook(HandbookofPersonalityPsychology)a“handbook”isatonceaccurateandpossiblyunfortunate.Handbooksarefrequentlyratherdrearyaffairs,occasionallyusefulassourcesandforcitationbutscarcelyworthreading.

Infact,thisbookishighlyinterestingandreadable,comprehensiveandauthoritative.Thedomainofpersonalityiscoveredalmostcompletely,andthematerialisquiteuptodate.Thisbookisnotacollectionofpreviouslypublishedoronlyslightlyreworkedpapers.Itgivesclearindicationofthecarefulthoughttheeditorsgavetoitsplanningandtheirfirmcontroloveritswriting.Tobeginwith,itiswhollyrefreshingtohaveacomprehensiveworkonpersonalitythatpaysnoparticularattentiontotheoriesofpersonality.TherearenochaptersinthisvolumetoreviewwhatFreudsaidorAdlerorRogersorBanduraoranyoneelse.TheoristssuchasFreudarementionedwhentheirviewsarerelevanttotopicsunderdiscussion,but,blessedly,nosummariesofthemajortheoriesareincluded.Instead,heeditorspresentacomprehensiveandcoherentviewofthefieldofpersonalitytoday.

Theworkispresentedineightsectionsthatdealinessencewithwhatpersonalityis,howitisstudied,howitdevelopsitsbiologicalandsocialdeterminants,howpersonalityworks,andwhatitisusefulfor.Thereare36chaptersextendingnearlyathousandpages.Theeditorschosespecificauthorsforeachofthechapters；theychosewellandtheywereremarkablysuccessfulingettingtheparticipationofauthoritativescientistswhogenerallywritequitewell.

Thehandbooklendsitselfwelltoitsfunctionasaresourcevolume.Itsonlyobviousdeficiencyisthelackofanameindex,whichinthesedaysofinformationprocessorsshouldhavebeenpossibleatmodestcost.

Manyyearsago,Igaveupteachingatheories-of-personalitycoursebecausethedominanttextbookwassothoroughandwelldonethatitleftmewithverylittletodointheclassroom.Thishandbookwould,Ithink，beasplendidtextbook,despitethethoroughnessofitscoverage,becauseitleavestheinstructorwiththechallengingbutengagingtaskofintegratingthematerial,whichwouldprovideanopeningforanyinstructorwithaparticulartheoreticalpassion,butmanyotherroutestointegrationarepossible.

1.ForTheHandbookofPersonalityPsychology,thetitleof“handbook”maybeunfortunatebecausehandbooks（

）.

2.Theauthorlikesthishandbook