考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ahealthydietincludeslotsof______naturalfoodwithplentyofproteinsandvitamins.

问题1选项

A.indigestible

B.wholesome

C.leftover

D.heavy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项indigestible“难消化的；难理解的”；B选项wholesome“健全的；有益健康的；合乎卫生的；审慎的”；C选项leftover“剩下的；多余的”；D选项heavy“沉重的；繁重的，巨大的；拥挤的；阴沉的”。句意：健康的饮食包括许多健康的天然食物，含有大量的蛋白质和维生素。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

Thelocalgovernmentsubsidizedtheprojecthousingforthepoorofthecity.

问题1选项

A.grantedfundfor

B.supportedwithmanpower

C.mademoneyfrom

D.rejected

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项grantedfundfor“补助资金”；B选项supportedwithmanpower“支援人力”；C选项mademoneyfrom“赚钱”；D选项rejected“拒绝”。句意：当地政府为该市穷人的住房项目提供补贴。划线部分subsidized是补助的意思。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Desertplants（

）twocategoriesaccordingtothewaytheydealwiththeproblemofsurvivingdrought.

问题1选项

A.breakdown

B.fallinto

C.differin

D.referto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。breakdown“分解，发生故障”；fallinto“落入，分成”；differin“在……方面存在不同”；referto“参考，涉及”。句意：沙漠中的植物根据其在干旱中的生活方式可以分为两钟。选项B符合题意。

4.翻译题

许多事情不与朋友分享，就无法自得其乐，而读书则可以。独坐家中，却得以周游世界，了解千万事端的缘由。活在当世，却可以与千万年前的先人对话。读书增长阅历；哪怕是万里之外、相隔千年，也能感受到他人对人生的感悟。其乐融融，唯有读书能赋予。未能从读书中享受到乐趣的人，乃贫乏之人：从读书中享受最大乐趣的人，是获得最大幸福的人。

【答案】Therearemanythingsfromwhichyouwouldnotentertainyourselfifyoudon’tsharethemwithyourfriends.However,readingisanexception.Byreading,youcansitathometotravelaroundtheworldandgettoknowthereasonsofthousandsofthings.Asamodernman,youcanconversewithancestorsfrommillionsofyearsago.Readingcanenrichyourexperiences,asyoucantasteothers’insightoflifeeveniftheylivedthousandsofmilesawayorthousandsofyearsago.Onlyreadingcanprovideyouwithsuchpleasure.Peoplewhocannotenjoyreadingarepoor;Peoplewhogainthegreatestfunfromreadingarethehappiest.

5.单选题

BarackObama'shealthreformsWHENBarackObamasignedasweepingsetofhealthreformsintolawonMarch23rd2010,heknewitwasahistoricmoment-andnotjustbecauseJoeBiden,thevice-president,whisperedintohisearthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors.

Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructedthatgranddream.RepublicanleadersinCongressaretryingtorepealthelawoutright.Severalfederaljudgeshaveruledthatoneofthecentralprovisionsofthenewreforms,an"individualmandate"requiringeveryonetopurchasecoverage,isunconstitutional.AndarecentpollbytheKaiserFamilyFoundation(KFF),anon-partisanoutfit,revealedthathostilitytothelawsamongpoliticallyvitalindependentshasshotupsharply.Oneyearon,howfaresMr.Obama'sproudestachievement?

Thechiefstrategyusedbytheadministrationtowinoverskepticsandtounderminelegalchallengesistopresentthenewlawsasanunstoppablejuggernaut.Forexample,whenKathleenSebelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,spokeaboutthereformtotheSenateFinanceCommitteeonMarch16th,shepointedtoevidenceofan"enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans".

True,theadministrationhasrushedintoforceprovisionsaffectingconsumersdirectly,inaneffortwinpopularsupport.Forexample,someforbidinsurersfromdenyingcoveragetochildrenwithpre-existingconditions,orimposinglifetimepayoutcapsonanyone.Thenewlawsalsoalreadyrequireinsurerstocoverchildrenupto26ontheirparents'policies,whichwillbenefitsome1.2myoungpeople.Nearly48mpeopleonMedicare,thegovernmenthealthschemefortheelderly,aretogetfreepreventiveservicessuchascolonoscopiesandmammograms.In2010nearly4mofthemgot$250tax-freerebatestohelppayfordrugs.

Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius.RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKF'FthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureoffooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland.

Theadministrationisalsoforgingaheadwithlessvisibleaspectsofthenewlaws.By2014,whenthebulkofthereform’sprovisionskickin,statesarerequiredtohaveputregulatedinsuranceexchangesinplacesothatconsumerscanbuyplansthatmeetminimumstandardsforcoverage.Allwouldberequiredtobuyinsurance,butthelesswell-offwillgetsubsidies.Thefederalgovernmentisofferingtechnicalassistanceaswellasmoneytostatestonudgethemtowardsestablishingsuchmarket-places.Alas,inthistooMr.Obamahashitsnags.SomeRepublican-ledstates,firstamongthemAiaskaandFlorida,arerefusingtotakethemoney,whilemanyothersaredemandingtherules.Tothesurpriseofsome,Mr.ObamaannouncedatarecentmeetingofgovernorsattheWhiteHousethathesupportsaplan-firstproposedbyRonWyden,asparkyDemocraticsenator-togrant"innovationwaivers"startingin2014.Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets.

1.BarackObamaknewhissetofhealthreformswasatahistoricmomentbecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNotTrue?

3.KathleenSenelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,has（）.

4.AccordingtothepollbyKFF,Obamacare（）.

5.AccordingtoObamacare,statescanbefreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarketsifthey（）.

问题1选项

A.JoeBiden,thevice-president,thoughtthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".

B.hehimselfwaspopularlysupported.

C.itwasafeatthatsurpassedalltheotherpresidents.

D.itwasauniversallycoveredhealthreform

问题2选项

A.ThatgranddreamofObama'shealthreformhasbeenpoliticallyconstructed

B.RepublicanleadersinCongressdisagreedwithObama'shealthreform.

C.IndependentstookahostileattitudetowardsObama'shealthreform.

D.SeveralfederaljudgeshaveregardedObama’shealthreformunlawful.

问题3选项

A.beenstronglysupportedbytheinsurers.

B.greatlyimpressedbythehealthreform

C.deniedanenormousdifferencethehealthreformmadeinthelivesofAmericans

D.comeacrossarubinpromotingthehealthreform

问题4选项

A.lackedlegalrootingandhasbeenrepealed.

B.wongreatsupportfromthosepulled.

C.seemsimpressiveandsuccessful

D.wasbelievedbynobody.

问题5选项

A.takethemoney

B.cancovermorepeopleandcontrolthecostsofinsurance.

C.regulatetheirinsurancemarkets

D.innovatethelaw.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors(他借民意支持成功上位，以推行全民健康保险，这项功绩可谓前无古人)。所以，他认为此次医疗改革是历史性时刻的原因是这项功绩，即D项“这是一项全民医保改革”。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructed

thatgranddream(但是，政治的现实性使得这一伟大梦想障碍重重)。因此，A项“从政治上说，奥巴马医改的伟大梦想得以建造”不符合原文所述。答案选A。

3.判断推理题。根据题干关键词KathleenSebelius定位至第五段:Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius(这一切听起来甚是美好，可问题在于：许多美国人并不信任西贝利厄斯女士)。因此D项“她在推行医改中遭遇困难”正确，同时排除A和B项。第三段指出:shepointedtoevidenceofan‘enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans(她指出‘其在美国社会中业已产生的巨大影响‘这一证词),因此可排除C项。故答案选D。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词thepollbyKFF定位至第五段:RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKFFthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureofitslegalfooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland(凯萨家庭基金会所收集的近一半投票都认为奥式医改方案己被撤销或是仍缺失法律基础。这仅是一时之策)。因此A项“缺乏法律基础并且已被撤销”正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词befreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarkets定位至租后一段:Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets(只要该州达到使更多人参保并抑制成本的目标，就能拥有如何创建当地保险市场的自主权)。因此选B项“他们能覆盖更多人（参加保险）并且控制保险成本”。

6.不定项选择题

Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.Thesesystemshavebeendevelopedinareasofrecentvolcanicactivity,wherehighratesofheatflowcausevisibleeruptionofwaterintheformofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,however,hotrockalsoexistsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceeruptivephenomena.Thusapotentialhotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspontaneouslyproducedgeothermalfluidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercialsystems.

Asaresultofrecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDRrecoverysystems—whichinvolvedrillingholesandconnectingthemtoartificialreservoirsplaceddeepwithinthecrust—arebeingdeveloped.InallattemptstoretrieveenergyfromHDR’sartificialstimulationwillberequiredtocreateeithersufficientpermeabilityorboundedflowpathstofacilitatetheremovalofheatbycirculationofafluidoverthesurfaceoftherock.

TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludedcrustalrockthatishotterthan150°C,isatdepthslessthantenkilometersandcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.Althoughwellsdeeperthantenkilometersaretechnicallyfeasible,prevailingeconomicfactorswillobviouslydeterminethecommercialfeasibilityofwellsatsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesaslowas100°Cmaybeusefulforspaceheating(heatingofspacesespeciallyforhumancomfortbyanymeans(asfuel,electricity,orsolarradiation)withtheheatereitherwithinthespaceorexternaltoit);however,forproducingelectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200°Caredesirable.

Thegeothermalgradient,whichspecificallydeterminesthedepthofdrillingrequiredtoreachadesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabilityofgeothermalresources.Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattrappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,however,forwhichnotemperaturegradientrecordsexist.)

IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.Ifweconservativelyestimatethatonlyabout0.2percentisrecoverable,wefindatotalofallthecoalremainingintheUnitedStates.Theremainingproblemistobalancetheeconomicsofdeeper,hotter,morecostlywellsandshallower,cooler,lessexpensivewellsagainstthevalueofthefinalproduct,electricityand/orheat.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.

2.Thepassagewouldbemostlikelytoappearina________.

3.Accordingthepassage,anaveragegeothermalgradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthcanbeusedto________.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheavailabilityoftemperature-depthrecordsforanyspecificareaintheUnitedStatesdependsprimarilyonthe________.

问题1选项

A.warntheusersofcoalandoilthatHDR’sarenotaneconomicallyfeasiblealternative

B.alertreaderstotheexistenceofHDR’sasanavailableenergysource

C.encouragetheuseofnewtechniquesfortherecoveryofenergyfromundergroundhotwaterandsteam

D.documentthechallengesthathavebeensurmountedintheefforttorecoverenergyfromHDR

问题2选项

A.technicaljournalarticleconcernedwiththerecoverabilityofnewlyidentifiedenergysources

B.petrologicalresearchreportfocusedonthehistoryoftemperature-depthrecordsintheUnitedStates

C.consumerreportdescribingtheextentandaccessibilityofremainingcoalresources

D.congressionalreporturgingtheconservationofoilandnaturalgasreservesintheUnitedStates

问题3选项

A.providecomparisonsbetweenhotwaterandHDRenergysourcesintheUnitedStates

B.balancetheeconomicsofHDRenergyretrievalagainstthatofundergroundhotwaterorsteamrecoverysystems.

C.revisetheestimatesontheextentofremainingcoalresourcesintheUnitedStates

D.estimatethetotalHDRresourcebaseintheUnitedStates

问题4选项

A.historyofsuccessfulhotwaterorsteamrecoveryeffortsinthatarea

B.possibilitythatHDR’smaybefoundinthatarea

C.failureofinhabitantstoconserveoilorgasreservesinthatarea

D.existenceofpreviousattemptstoobtainoilorgasinthatarea

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。A选项“提醒那些使用煤炭或者石油的人热干石不是很经济的替代品”；B选项“提醒读者热干石是一个可用的能源”；C选项“鼓励使用新技术，从地下热水和蒸汽中回收能量”；D选项“记录在从HDR中回收能源的努力中已经克服的挑战”。根据题干定位到第一段第一句Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.（地壳中岩石所含的能量是一种几乎无限的能源，但直到最近，商业回收还仅限于地下热水和/或蒸汽回收系统。）从这里可以看出HDR是可用资源，虽然还没有被开发完全但是潜力巨大，因此答案选B。A、C、D选项文中没有提及。

第2题:推理判断题。题干：这篇文章最可能出现在哪里。A选项“有关新发现的能源的可恢复性的技术期刊文章”；B选项“集中关注美国的温度——深度记录的历史岩石学研究报告”；C选项“描述剩余煤炭资源的范围和可及性的消费者报告”；D选项“一份敦促美国保护石油和天然气储备的国会报告”。文章都是逻辑严谨，用词科学，所以最可能出现在期刊里。文章的中心内容是HDR这种资源只是稍微提及了美国，所以不选B选项。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：每千米深度的平均地温梯度为22℃就可以用来干什么？A选项“用来比较美国的热水和HDR能源”；B选项“平衡HDR能量回收与地下热水或蒸汽回收系统的经济效益。”；C选项“对美国剩余煤炭资源的估计”；D选项“估计美国HDR资源总量”。根据题干我们定位到最后一段第二句话Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.（如果使用每千米深度22℃的平均地热温度梯度，计算出美国10千米深度的地壳岩石中包含的总能量高达13000000万亿B.T.U）然后再根据第三段第一句话TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludedcrustalrockthatishotterthan150°C,isatdepthslessthantenkilometersandcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.（HDR资源基础的定义通常包括温度高于150°C、深度小于10公里、可以用现有设备钻取的地壳岩石。）因此答案选D。

第4题:事实细节题。题干：从文章中可以推断出，美国任何一个特定地区的温度——深度记录的可用性主要取决于什么。A选项“该地区热水或蒸汽采收率的成功历史”；B选项“HDR在那个区域被发现的可能性”；C选项“居民没有成功保存那个地区的石油或天然气储备”；D选项“以前在该地区曾试图获得石油或天然气”。Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattrappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates（根据美国石油地质学家协会保存的油气井温度——深度记录生成的温度梯度图显示，可圈闭的高温梯度分布在美国各地）从这里可知答案选D。

7.单选题

Thoughsometimes（）alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesfacingthenationasitembarksonthepathofmodernization.

问题1选项

A.expensive

B.effective

C.ignored

D.calamitous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：尽管技术有时（），但常常被视为应对高速经济发展和现代化道路中面临

的政治挑战的灵丹妙药。expensive昂贵的；effective有效的；ignored被忽视的；calamitous灾难的。因此，C项符合句意。

8.翻译题

以前人们常说，英国人享乐时也会郁郁不乐。如今，如果英国人真有什么乐趣可享的话，情况无疑还会依然如此，不过英国的烟酒价格构成了足以令人忧愁的外因。有时我觉得，这种享乐时也郁郁不乐的癖性已经传到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得纳闷：这么多讲英语的人身体又健康，收入又丰厚，怎么人生观却如此消沉。

我在美国旅行期间，注意到了一种根深蒂固的忧郁症。我觉得这种忧郁症似乎极其普遍，这就给社会改革家出了难题。大多数社会改革家认为，若是消除了贫困，有了经济保障，太平盛世就会到来。但是，无论在贵国还是在蔽国，看着坐在豪华轿车里的人们的面孔，却见不到社会改革家引导人们期待的那种喜气洋洋的神情。相反，十有八九，我看到的是一副厌倦不满的神情，以及一种近似疯狂的渴望，想找点东西吊起早已发腻的胃口。

【答案】【参考译文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.

DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.

9.单选题

Whileanucleardestructionwillneverbecome______,wecanhelptomakeitlessprobablybyadvisingthesuperpowerstochangetheirattitudes.

问题1选项

A.desperate

B.impossible

C.serious

D.inevitable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项desperate“不顾一切的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的”；B选项impossible“不可能的；不可能存在的；难以忍受的；不真实的”；C选项serious“严肃的，严重的；认真的；庄重的；危急的”；D选项inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”。句意：虽然核毁灭永远无法避免，但我们可以建议超级大国改变态度，帮助降低这种毁灭的可能性。因此D选项正确。

10.填空题

InMicrosoft'slatestattempttoreachouttobloggers,thecompanyrecentlygaveawayexpensivelaptopsloaded（1）itsnewWindowsVistaoperatingsystem.Butthegiftsgeneratedcontroversyaswellasgood（2）

,withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbriberyandtheirpeers（3

）

unethicalbehavior.

SeveralbloggersreportedlastweekthattheyhadreceivedAcerFerrarilaptops,whichcansell（4）

morethan$2,200,fromMicrosoft.

AspokeswomanforMicrosoftconfirmedFridaythatthe（5）

hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers

（6）

wroteabouttechnologyandothersubjectsthatcouldbe（7）

bythenewoperatingsystem,likephotographyand,oddly,parenting.

ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachineswithenthusiasm,many（8）

bloggerssoonobjected-notbecausetheyhadbeenleftoffthelistbut,theysaid,becausebloggersareboundbythe（9）

rulesastraditionaljournalists,whoshouldnotaccept

（10）giftsfromcompaniestheycover.

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。根据空格前的loaded（装载）与空格后的operatingsystem（操作系统）可知此处用介词with构成固定搭配loadwith（装载某物）。

试题答案：with

2.考查上下文语义。as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，意为“也，还”，根据空格前的generatedcontroversy（引起争议）aswellas可知此处填goodwill（善意）。

试题答案：will

3.考查介词搭配。根据withsomebloggersaccusingMicrosoftofbribery可知此处填of与前面的ofbribery形成对应。

试题答案：of

4.考查介词搭配。sellfor表示“卖（多少钱）”。

试题答案：for

5.考查上下文语义。根据hadsentoutabout90computerstobloggers（已经向博客寄出了大约90台电脑）可推测主语为微软公司，用“thecompany”指代微软公司。

试题答案：company

6.考查关系代词。空格前的bloggers为先行词，表示人，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导。

试题答案：who

7.考查上下文语义。短文第一段提到“最近微软公司赠送昂贵的装载有自身新的WindowsVista操作系统的笔记本电脑”可推测“微软公司送装载有自身新的WindowsVista操作系统的笔记本电脑的目的是了解该新的操作系统所带来的影响”，再由空格前的be和空格后的by，可知动词被动形式，填affected。

试题答案：affected

8.考查不定代词。根据空格前ButwhilethoseonMicrosoft'smailinglistinitiallygreetedthemachines（不过当微软公司电脑寄送名单上那些人最初热心地欢迎这些电脑吋）和空格后many...bloggerssoonobjected（很多……博客使用者很快就反对这些电脑的赠送）可推测此处是其他人的态度。

试题答案：other

9.考查上下文语义。根据becausebloggersareboundbythe...rulesastraditionaljournalists（因为博客受到……规则的约束，如同传统的记者）可推测博客也像记者一样受到同样的规则制约，故填same。

试题答案：same

10.考查上下文语义。根据第四题可知每台电脑的价格以超过2200美元卖出，可推出此处表示“昂贵的礼物”，故填expensive。

试题答案：expensive

11.单选题

Successfulscientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakenewexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelyto______them.

问题1选项

A.infuse

B.verify

C.restore

D.refute

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.infuse灌输；充满B.verify核实，查证

C.restore恢复，还原；归还D.refute反驳，驳斥

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“成功的科学家总是仔细地、客观地检查陈述，并进行新的实验来______它们”可知，新的实验一般都是用来证实一些结果或者发现，所以B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】成功的科学家总是仔细地、客观地检查陈述，并进行新的实验来验证它们。

12.单选题

Herhonestyis（

）,nobodycandoubtit.

问题1选项

A.outofthequestion

B.withoutquestion

C.inquestion

D.besidethequestion

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。outofthequestion意为“不可能的，不必谈的”；withoutquestion意为“毫无疑问”；inquestion意为“考虑之中的，被谈论着的”；besidethequestion意为“不相关，不切题”。

句意：她的诚实是毫无疑问的，没有人能怀疑它。

13.单选题

Ifyougointoagoodlibrary,youwillfindthousandsofbooksonglobalization.Somewilllaudit.Somewillwarnaboutitsdangers.Butthey’llagreethatglobalizationisthechiefprocessdrivingourage.Ourlivesarebeingtransformedbytheincreasingmovementofgoods,peopleandcapitalacrossborders.

Theglobalizationparadigmhasled,inthepoliticalarena,toacertainhistoricalnarrative:therewereoncenation-statesliketheU.S.andtheEuropeanpowers,whoseeconomiescouldbesecuredwithinborders.Butnowcapitalflowsfreely.Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.Competitionisglobalandfierce.

NewdynamoslikeIndiaandChinathreatenAmericanDominancethankstotheircheaplaborandmanipulatedcurrencies.Now,everythingismadeabroad.Americanmanufacturingisindecline.Therestoftheeconomyisthreatened.

HillaryClintonsummarizedthenarrativethisweek:“Theycameforthesteelcompaniesandnobodysaidanything.Theycamefortheautocompaniesandnobodysaidanything.Theycamefortheofficecompanies,peoplewhodidwhite-collarjobs,andnoonesaidanything.Andtheycamefortheprofessionaljobsthatcouldbeoutsourced,andnobodysaidanything.”

Theglobalizationparadigmhasturnedouttobeveryconvenientforpoliticians.Itallowsthemtoblameforeignersforeconomicwoes.Itallowsthemtotreateconomicandsocialchangeasagreatmercantilist’scompetition,withvariousteamscompetingforglobalsupremacy,andwithpoliticiansstarringasthecommandinggenerals.

Butthere’saproblemwiththewaytheglobalizationparadigmhasevolved.Itdoesn’treallyexplainmostofwhatishappeningintheworld.

Globalizationisrealandimportant.It’sjustnotthecentralforcedrivingeconomicchange.SomeAmericanshaveseentheirjobshippedoverseas,butglobalcompetitionhasaccountedforasmallshareofjobcreationanddestructionoverthepastfewdecades.Capitaldoesindeedflowaroundtheworld.ButasPankajGhemawatoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolhasobserved,90percentoffixedinvestmentaroundtheworldisdomestic.Companiesopenplantsoverseas,butthat’smainlysotheirproductionfacilitiescanbeclosetolocalmarkets.

Noristheglobalizationparadigmevenaccuratewhenappliedtomanufacturing.InsteadoffleeingtoAsia,U.S.manufacturingoutputisupoverrecentdecades.AsThomasDuesterbergofManufacturersAlliance/MAPI,aresearchfirm,haspointedout,theU.S’sshareofglobalmanufacturingoutputhasactuallyincreasedslightlysince1980.

Thechiefforcereshapingmanufacturingistechnologicalchange(hastenedbycompetitionwithothercompaniesinCanada,Germanyordownthestreet).Thankstoinnovation,manufacturingproductivityhaddoubledovertwodecades.Employersnowrequirefewerbutmorehighlyskilledworkers.TechnologicalchangeaffectsChinajustasitdoestheAmerica.WilliamOverholtoftheRANDCorporationhasnotedthatbetween1994and2004theChineseshed25millionmanufacturingjobs,10timesmorethantheU.S.

Thecentralprocessdrivingthisisnotglobalization.It’stheskillsrevolution.We’removingintoamoredemandingcognitiveage.Inordertosurvive,peoplearecompelledtobecomebetteratabsorbing,processingandcombinginformation.Thisishappeninginlocalizedandglobalizedsectors,anditwouldbehappeningevenifyoutoreupeveryfreetradedealeverinked.

Theglobalizationparadigmemphasizesthefactthatinformationcannowtravel15,000milesinaninstant.Butthemostimportantpartofinformation’sjourneyisthelastfewinches—thespacebetweenaperson’seyesorearsandthevariousregionsofthebrain.Doestheindividualhavethecapacitytounderstandtheinformation?Doesheorshehavethetrainingtoexploitit?Arethereculturalassumptionsthatdistortthewayitisperceived?

Theglobalizationparadigmleadspeopletoseeeconomicdevelopmentasaformofforeignpolicy,asagrandcompetitionbetweennationsandcivilizations.Theseabstractions,called“theChinese”or“theIndians”,aredoingthisorthat.Butthecognitiveageparadigmemphasizespsychology,cultureandpedagogy—thespecificprocessesthatfosterlearning.Itemphasizesthatdifferentsocietiesarebeingstressedinsimilarwaysbyincreaseddemandsonhumancapital.Ifyouunderstandthatyouarelivingatthebeginningofacognitiveage,you’refocusingontherealsourceofprosperityandunderstandthatyouranxietyisnotbeingcausedbyaforeigner.

It’snotthatglobalizationandtheskillsrevolutionarecontradictoryprocesses.Butwhichparadigmyouembracedetermineswhichfactsandremediesyouemphasize.Politicians,especiallyDemocraticones,havefalleninlovewiththeglobalizationparadigm.It’stimetomovebeyondit.

1.Themeaningoftheword“laud”inparagraph1canbestexplainedby____.

2.Inparagraph2,“Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.”means____.

3.Accordingtothewriter,____isthecentralforcetobeprosperous.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

5.Amongthestatementsaboutglobalizationandcognitiveage,whichoneisTRUE?

问题1选项

A.laughat

B.praise

C.objectto

D.agreewith

问题2选项

A.playingfieldsarerankedaccordingtotechnologicallevels

B.technologyisacontributivefactortoplayer’ssuccess

C.technologyisadecisiveelementinglobalcompetition

D.technologyisdestroyingplayingground

问题3选项

A.information

B.globalization

C.economicchange

D.skillsrevolution

问题4选项

A.Theeconomicanxietywillbealleviatedbyrewritingtradedeals.

B.TheshareofU.S.inglobalmanufacturingoutputhasbeenonarisesince1980.

C.Developingcountries,aswellasdevelopedcountries,areaffectedbytechnologicalchange.

D.Companiescanhavecloseaccesstolocalmarketsthroughopeningfactoriesoverseas.

问题5选项

A.Globalizationandcognitiveageparadigmsarecontrarytoeachother.

B.Cognitiveageparadigmattachesstresstothetravellingofinformation.

C.Globalizationisaformofforeignpolicythatblamesforeignersforbringingeconomicanxiety.

D.Cognitiveageparadigmemphasizestheimportanceandincreaseddemandsonhumancapital.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:【选项释义】

Themeaningoftheword“laud”inparagraph1canbestexplainedby____.第一段中“laud”一词的含义可以用____来解释。

A.laughatA.嘲笑

B.praiseB.赞美

C.objecttoC.反对

D.agreewithD.同意

【答案】B

【考查点】词汇推断题

【解题思路】根据题干关键词paragraph1和laud定位到原文第一段第二句，该句提到“有些人会____它。”该句前文提到“如果你走进一个好的图书馆，你会发现成千上万的关于全球化的书（booksonglobalization）”，后文提到“一些人会警告它的危险（warnaboutitsdangers）。但他们会同意（agree）全球化是推动我们这个时代的主要进程。”由此可知，“它”指的是前文出现的“全球化”，“laud”是一些人对全球化的态度，并且与后文“警告它的危险”形成对比，并且，总的来说，他们是同意“全球化推动时代进程的作用”这一观点的，因此，B选项“赞美”最符合原文。原词laud“赞美”。

【干扰项排除】A选项“嘲笑”、C选项“反对”、D选项“同意”，不符合原文。

第2题:【选项释义】

Inparagraph2,“Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.”means____.第2段中，“Technologyhasleveledtheplayingfield.”这句话的含义是____。

A.playingfieldsarerankedaccordingtotechnologicallevelsA.竞争环境是根据技术水平排名的

B.technologyisacontributivefactortoplayer’ssuccessB.技术是竞争者成功的一个重要因素

C.technologyisadecisiveelementinglobalco