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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学重庆南方翻译学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

TheBritishhistorianNiallFergusonspeculatedthattheendofAmerican_______mightnotfuelanorderlyshifttoamultipolarsystem.

问题1选项

A.domain

B.hegemony

C.sovereignty

D.preference

【答案】B

【解析】domain领地,领域;hegemony霸权;sovereignty主权,君主;preference偏爱,优先权。句意:英国历史学家NiallFerguson推测,美国霸权主义的终结可能不会推动美国向多极体系的有序转变。

选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Nationalandinternational()isindispensableifvictoryistobeachieved.

问题1选项

A.sociology

B.isolation

C.solidarity

D.solo

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项sociologyn.社会学;B选项isolationn.隔离,孤立;C选项solidarityn.团结,团结一致;D选项solon.独奏,独唱曲。句意:如果要取得胜利,国家和国际力量的团结必不可少。因此只有C项符合句意和搭配。

3.单选题

Thetwomostimportant(

)inmakingacakeareflourandsugar.

问题1选项

A.elements

B.components

C.ingredients

D.constituents

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项elements“元素,要素”;B.选项components“部件,零件”;C选项ingredients“原料,材料”;D选项constituents“成分”。句意:做蛋糕最重要的()是面粉和糖。蛋糕与面粉和糖之间一个是成品,另一个是原料,所以这里答案选C。D选项特指化学成分,所以不能选。

4.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

TheOlympicGamescanbetracedbacktotheancienttimes.TheGreekslikedallkindsofsports,becausesportsmadethebodystrong.ThegameswereheldeveryfouryearsandhundredsofthousandsofpeoplegatheredonvastflatlandstoappreciatethecompetitionbetweenathletesfromallpartsofGreece.Theeventsincludedrunning,wrestling,andhorseraces.Therewereeventsforbothadultsandchildren.Inmostofthegames,adultsandchildrenworelittleornoclothing.Instead,oilwasspreadoverthebody.Thetrophywasalaurelmadeofoliveleaves.Itwasthegreatesthonortobecrownedwithalaurel.

Hardworkenablesmetosurvivethemostdifficulttimeinmylifeabroad,duringmyfirstfewemployments.However,afterIjoinedmycurrentcompany,myworkaholicwassoonchallengedbymyboss.WhenIcalledhimathomeafterofficehoursforbusinesspurpose,hepolitelyremindedmethathepreferredtalkingaboutworkwithmelaterintheoffice.Whentheholidayseasonapproached,healwaysaskedmetoschedulemyleavebeforehand.Hetalkedwithmeabouthisholidayandalsoenquiredaboutmine.Forhimleaveistheright,butalsoaneed.

【答案】奥运会可以追溯到古代。希腊人喜欢运动,因为运动能让身体强壮。奥运会每四年一次,成千上万的人聚集在广阔的平地上来观看希腊各地运动员之间的比赛。比赛项目包括跑步、摔跤和赛马。成人和儿童的项目都有。在大部分比赛中,成人和儿童穿得很少或者不穿衣服,全身擦满油。奖杯是用橄榄叶做成的桂冠。被授予桂冠是最高的荣誉。

在我最初的几次工作中,努力工作让我度过了在国外生活的最困难时期。然而,在我加入现在的公司后,我的工作狂行为受到了自己老板的挑战。每当我下班后跟他打电话谈论工作时,他礼貌地提醒我他更愿意在上班时间跟我讨论。临近假期时,他总是让我提前安排假期。他经常和我谈论他的假期,也打听我的假期。对于他来说,放假是一种权利,也是一种必要。

5.单选题

Signsystemsingeneralare______:iconicorconventional.

问题1选项

A.twotypes

B.oftwotypes

C.thetwotypes

D.ofthetwotypes

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法。“beof+名词”可用来说明句子主语在度量,大小,颜色,类别等方面的特征,这类名词有age,size,height,weight,shape,type,kind等,排除A项和C项,D项多了定冠词the,因此B项符合题意。句意:符号系统一般有两种类型:标志性的或传统的。因此B项正确。

6.单选题

Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.Inonestudyof400adultswhohadachieveddistinctioninallareasoflife,researchersfoundthatthree-fifthsoftheseindividualseitherdidbadlyinschoolorwereunhappyinschool.FewMacArthurPrizefellows,winnersoftheMacArthurAwardforcreativeaccomplishment,hadgoodthingstosayabouttheirpre-collegiateschoolingiftheyhadnotbeenplacedinadvancedprograms.AnecdotalreportssupportthisPabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsalldislikedschool.SodidWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”Oftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.

Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest.Yeatsdescribedthelackoffitbetweenhismindandschool:“BecauseIhadfounditdifficulttoattendtoanythinglessinterestingthanmyownthoughts,Iwasdifficulttoteach,”Asnotedearlier,giftedchildrenofallkindstendtobestrong-willednonconformists.NonconforinityandstubbornnessarelikelytoleadtoConflictswithteachers.

Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.AwritingprodigystudiedbyDavidFeldmanandLyunGoldsmithwastaughtfarmoreaboutwritingbyhisjournalistfatherthanhisEnglishteacher.High-IQchildren,inAustraliastudiedbyMiracaGrossbadmuchmorepositivefeelingsabouttheirfamiliesthantheirschools.AbouthalfofthemathematiciansstudiedbyBenjaminBloomhadlittlegoodtosayaboutschool.Theyalldidwellinschoolandtookhonorsclasseswhenavailable,andsomeskippedgrades.

1.Themainpointtheauthorismakingaboutschoolsisthat(

).

2.TheauthorquotestheremarksofoneofOliverGoldsmith’steachers

).

3.PabloPicassoislistedamongthemanygiftedchildrenwho

).

4.Manygiftedpeopleattributedtheirsuccess

).

5.Therootcauseofmanygiftedstudentshavingbadmemoriesoftheirschoolyearsisthat(

).

问题1选项

A.theyshouldsatisfytheneedsofstudentsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds

B.theyareoftenincapableofcateringtotheneedsoftalentedstudents

C.theyshouldorganizetheirclassesaccordingtothestudents’ability

D.theyshouldenrollasmanygiftedstudentsaspossible

问题2选项

A.toprovidesupportforhisargument

B.toillustratethestrongwillofsomegiftedchildren

C.toexplainhowdullstudentscanalsobesuccessful

D.toshowhowpoorOliver’sperformancewasatschool

问题3选项

A.paidnoattentiontotheirteachersinclass

B.contradictedtheirteachersmuchtoooften

C.couldnotcopewiththeirstudiesatschoolsuccessfully

D.behavedarrogantlyandstubbornlyinthepresenceoftheirteachers

问题4选项

A.mainlytoparentalhelpandtheireducationathome

B.bothtoschoolinstructionandtotheirparents’coaching

C.moretotheirparents’encouragementthantoschooltraining

D.Lesstotheirsystematiceducationthantotheirtalent

问题5选项

A.theirnonconformitybroughtlliemalotoftrouble

B.theywereseldompraisedbytheirteachers

C.schoolcoursesfailedtoinspireormotivatethem

D.teacherwereusuallyfarstricterthantheirparents

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句提到“如果有天赋的学生与学校互相不适应,也就不奇怪他们对读书经历没什么好感”(Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience),选项B“它们经常满足不了有天赋的学生的要求”符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第一段提到如OliverGoldsmith这类有天赋的学生不喜欢学校,接下来列举了他们的学校经历来作证,因此作者引用Oliver老师中的一位的话是为了给自己的论证提供事实支持,选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第二段第一句提到“这些具有天赋的学生中的一些人在学校可能因为天赋不在学业方面,因此表现很差,比如毕加索”(Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway),因此选项C“无法应对学校里的学习”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章最后一段第一句提到“当谈到能力培养的重要影响因素时,这些天赋极高的人谈论得更多的是他们的家庭而不是学校或者老师”(Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers),选项A“主要是父母在家里的教育”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章第二段第三句提到“但是大多数人在学校表现不好,并不是因为他们缺乏能力,而是因为他们觉得学校没有挑战性,因此失去了兴趣”(Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest),选项C“学校课程不能鼓励和激发他们的兴趣”符合题意。

7.单选题

Shetriedtohidehergrief,butshewas()tears.

问题1选项

A.onthevergeof

B.enthusiasticabout

C.onthelookoutfor

D.gluedto

【答案】A

【解析】词组辨析题。onthevergeof

濒临于、接近于;enthusiasticabout热衷于;onthelookoutfor留意、物色;gluedto不愿离开,盯住不放。句意:她试图掩饰她的悲伤,但她几乎要哭了。选项A符合句意。

8.单选题

Themedicine()hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

问题1选项

A.activated

B.alleviated

C.mediated

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。activate“刺激,使活动”;alleviate“减轻,缓和”;mediate“调解,居中”;deteriorate“恶化”。句意:这种药减轻了他的疼痛,但是没有治愈他的病。由but…可知空格处所填词的内容性质与其相反,故B项正确。

9.单选题

HistorianssuchasLeRoyLadurichaveusedthedocumentstoextractcasehistories,whichhave()theattitudesofdifferentsocialgroupsandhaverevealedhowtheauthoritiesadministeredjustice.

问题1选项

A.laminated

B.ruminated

C.illuminated

D.eliminated

【答案】C

【解析】形近词词义辨析。laminate“分成薄片”;ruminate“沉思,反复思考”;illuminate“阐明,说明”;eliminate“消除,排除”。句意:罗伊•拉杜里克这样一些历史家从记录中提取出历史案例,这些案例说明了不同社会群体的态度以及他们是如何执行司法的。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Manypeopleare(

)toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.

问题1选项

A.insensitive

B.allergic

C.sensible

D.infected

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:很多人对蚊虫叮咬(

),有些甚至不得不去医院治疗。

Insensitive感觉迟钝的;allergic过敏的,例如beallergicto对某事或某物过敏;sensible理智的;infected被感染的。故选B。

11.单选题

AllthenewknowledgewhichDr.Smithhasexplainedandprovidedisatlengthdevelopedandestablished.

问题1选项

A.surely

B.eventually

C.precisely

D.consequently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项surely“当然;无疑;坚定地;稳当地”;B选项eventually“最后,终于”;C选项precisely“精确地;恰恰”;D选项consequently“因此;结果;所以”。句意:史密斯博士解释并提供的新知识最终得到了发展和确立。结合此处关键词atlength“终究;终归;最终”,得知B为正确答案。

12.单选题

Thevolcanolaid(

)now,butwefeltsureitwoulderuptagainwithintheyear.

问题1选项

A.inactive

B.slack

C.elevated

D.inattentive

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。inactive“不活动的,不活跃的”;slack“懒惰的,懈怠的”;elevate“举起,提起”;inattentive“不注意的,漫不经心的”;根据句意‘尽管火山目前是(

)状态,但是我们确信今年它会再次喷发。’确定A选项正确。

13.单选题

Intoday’sworkingworldtherolesofmenandwomenarebecoming().

问题1选项

A.dwarfed

B.incorporated

C.correlated

D.blurred

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dwarfed“矮小的”;B选项incorporated“合并的”;C选项correlated“有互相关系的”;D选项blurred“模糊的,记不清的”。句意:在当今的工作世界中,男性和女性的角色正变得越来越()。按照选项和题干的意思,可以判断出此处想要表达的意思是“男性角色和女性角色的(边界)变得越来越模糊。”因此D选项符合题意。

14.单选题

I’vehadmycarexaminedthreetimesnowbutnomechanichasbeenableto()theproblem.

问题1选项

A.deduce

B.notify

C.highlight

D.pinpoint

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查了动词的辨析。deduce“演绎,推理”;notify“通知”;highlight“强调,突出”;pinpoint“确定,准确指出”,根据mechanic“技术人员,修理工”与汽车的problem“问题”的关系,修理人员应该是查明或者指出问题的,所以此处应该使用动词pinpoint,故正确答案为选项D。

15.单选题

Themostinterestingarchitecturalphenomenonofthe1970swastheenthusiasmforrefurbishingoldbuildings.Obviously,thiswasnotanentirelynewphenomenon.Whatisnewisthewholesaleinterestinreusingthepast,inrecyclinginadaptiverehabilitation.Afewtrialefforts,suchasGhirardellisquareinSanFrancisco,provedtheirfinancialviabilityin1960s,butitwasinthe1970s,withstronggovernmentsupportthroughtaxincentivesandrapiddepreciation.Aswellasgrowinginterestinecologyissues,thatrecyclingbecameamajorfactorontheurbanscene.

OneofthemostcomprehensiveventureswastherestorationandtransformationofBoston’seighteenthcenturyFaneuilHallandtheQuincyMarket,designedin1824.Thissectionhadfallenonhardtimes,butbeginningwiththeconstructionofanewcityhallimmediatelyadjacent,ithasreturnedtolifewiththeintelligentreuseofthesefineoldbuildingsunderthedesignleadershipofBenjaminThomson.Hehasprovidedamarveloussettingfordining,shopping,professionaloffices,andsimplywalking.

ButlerSquare,inMinneapolis,exemplifiesmajorchangesinitscomplexofoffices,commercialspace,andpublicamenitiescarvedoutofamassivepiledesignedin1906asahardwarewarehouse.Theexcitinginteriortimberstructureofthebuildingwashighlightedbycuttinglightcourtsthroughtheinteriorandaddinglargeskylights.

SanAntonio,Texas,offersanobjectlessonfornumerousothercitiescombatingurbandecay.Ratherthanbringinginthebulldozers,SanAntonio’sleadersrehabilitatedexistingstructures,whilesimultaneouslycleaninguptheSanAntonioRiver,whichmendersthroughthebusinessdistrict.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.WhatisthespaceatQuincyMarketnowusedfor?

3.Accordingtothepassage,BenjaminThomsonwasthedesignerforaprojectin______.

4.WhenwastheButlerSquarebuildingoriginallybuilt?

5.Whatistheauthor’sopinionoftheSanAntonioproject?

问题1选项

A.Duringthe1970s,oldbuildingsinmanycitieswererecycledformodernuse.

B.Recentinterestinecologyissueshasledtothecleaningupofmanyrivers.

C.TheSanAntonioexampleshowsthatbulldozersarenotthewaytofighturbandecay.

D.StronggovernmentsupporthasmadeadaptiverehabilitationarealityinBoston.

问题2选项

A.Boston’snewcityhall.

B.Sportsandrecreationalfacilities.

C.Commercialandindustrialwarehouses.

D.Restaurant,offices,andstores.

问题3选项

A.SanFrancisco

B.Boston

C.Minneapolis

D.SanAntonio

问题4选项

A.Intheeighteenthcentury.

B.Intheearlynineteenthcentury.

C.Inthelatenineteenthcentury.

D.Intheearlytwentiethcentury.

问题5选项

A.Itisclearlythebestoftheprojectsdiscussed.

B.Itisagoodprojectthatcouldbecopiedinothercities.

C.Theextensiveuseofbulldozersmadetheprojectunnecessarilycostly.

D.Theworkdoneontheriverwasmoreimportantthantheworkdoneonthebuildings.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章开头提出了翻新旧建筑的现象,接着举了旧金山、波士顿、明尼阿波利斯市和圣安东尼奥市的例子,最后得出结论Ratherthanbringinginthebulldozers,SanAntonio’sleadersrehabilitatedexistingstructures(圣安东尼奥的领导人并没有动用推土机,而是修复了现有的建筑)。因此C选项“圣安东尼奥的例子表明,推土机不是解决城市废弃建筑的方法”正确。A选项“在20世纪70年代,许多城市的旧建筑被回收用于现代用途”只是文章中提到的一个现象,不能作为文章主题,所以A错误。B选项“最近对生态问题的关注导致了许多河流的清理”,这是修复工作的细节之一,不能概括文章主旨,所以B错误。D选项“政府的大力支持使适应性修复在波士顿成为现实”只是波士顿修复工作的细节之一,不能作为文章主题,所以D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Hehasprovidedamarveloussettingfordining,shopping,professionaloffices,andsimplywalking.(他为就餐、购物、专业办公室和步行提供了一个极好的环境。),说明昆西市场现在被用作餐厅、办公室和商店。因此D选项“餐厅、办公室和商店”正确。A选项“波士顿的新市政厅”,B选项“体育和娱乐设施”,C选项“商业和工业仓库”均不符合文章内容,所以A,B,C错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句OneofthemostcomprehensiveventureswastherestorationandtransformationofBoston’seighteenthcenturyFaneuilHallandtheQuincyMarket,designedin1824…ithasreturnedtolifewiththeintelligentreuseofthesefineoldbuildingsunderthedesignleadershipofBenjaminThomson.(其中最全面的项目之一是1824年设计的波士顿18世纪法尼尔大厅和昆西市场的修复和改造……在本杰明•汤姆森的设计领导下,这些优秀的老建筑通过智能再利用而恢复了生机。),说明本杰明•汤姆森设计的项目位于波士顿。因此B选项“波士顿”正确。A选项“旧金山”,C选项“明尼阿波利斯”,D选项“圣安东尼奥”均不符合文章内容,所以A,C,D错误。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ButlerSquare,inMinneapolis,exemplifiesmajorchangesinitscomplexofoffices,commercialspace,andpublicamenitiescarvedoutofamassivepiledesignedin1906asahardwarewarehouse.(明尼阿波利斯市的巴特勒广场体现了其复杂的办公空间、商业空间和公共设施的重大变化,它是在1906年设计成一个硬件仓库的一大堆建筑中改造出来的。),说明巴特勒广场的建筑最初是在1906年设计的,1906年是在20世纪初期。因此D选项“二十世纪初”正确。A选项“十八世纪”,B选项“十九世纪初”,C选项“十九世纪末”均不符合文章内容,所以A,B,C错误。

5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句SanAntonio,Texas,offersanobjectlessonfornumerousothercitiescombatingurbandecay.(德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥市为许多其他城市与城市废弃建筑作斗争提供了实物教训。),说明圣安东尼奥市项目可以作为典范为其他城市所效仿。因此B选项“这是一个可以在其他城市复制的好项目”正确。A选项“它显然是所讨论的项目中最好的一个”,C选项“推土机的大量使用使得这项工程成本很高”,D选项“在河流上所做的工作比在建筑物上所做的工作更重要”在文中均没有提及,所以A,C,D错误。

16.单选题

Catherine

won'tmindifyou()her

workload—sheneedstheextramoney.

问题1选项

A.amountto

B.addto

C.putup

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】amountto指等于,意味着;addto指增大;putup指呈现;goon指继续。句意:Catherine不会介意你加大她的工作量,她急需用钱。选项B符合句意。

17.单选题

Theteamleaderofmountainclimbersmarkedout().

问题1选项

A.thatseemedtobethebestroute

B.whatseemedtobethebestroute

C.whichseemedtobetilebestroute

D.somethingthattobethebestroute

【答案】B

【解析】本句缺少的成分是宾语从句,只有选项B能作为宾语从句。that一般引导同位语从句;选项C缺少先行词;选项D用法不正确,所以本题选B。

18.单选题

Ifthereistheneedtocompeteinacrowd,tobattle()theedgethesureststrategyistodeveloptheunexpected.

问题1选项

A.on

B.for

C.against

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果需要在人群中竞争,那么为优势竞争最可靠的策略就是开发出意想不到的东西。on在…上;for为了:against反对;with和。此处句意表示“为优势竞争”,故选B。

19.单选题

Theparentsfeltverydelightedwhentheirdaughterdecidedto()themoviesanddoherlessons.

问题1选项

A.forgive

B.forbid

C.forgo

D.foresee

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项forgive“原谅”;B选项forbid“禁止”;C选项forgo“放弃,停止”;D选项foresee“预见”。句意:当他们的女儿决定_____看电影而去做功课时,父母感到非常高兴。本句表达的意思是,女儿放弃去看电影而做功课,让父母很开心。因此C选项符合题意。

20.单选题

Ibelievereservesofcoalhereare______tolastforfiftyyears.

问题1选项

A.efficient

B.sufficient

C.persistent

D.rich

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项efficient“有效的”,B项sufficient“充足的”,C项persistent“执着的,坚持不懈的”,D项rich“富有的”。根据关键词reservesofcoal“煤储存”和lastforfiftyyears“持续50年”可知,B选项符合语境。句意:我相信这里的煤储量足够用五十年。因此,该题选择B项正确。

21.单选题

Ifyoureinstateold-fashionedvaluesaboutmoneyandwork,youcangiveyourchildrenapreciousgift:thekeytoself-sufficiency.

问题1选项

A.resolve

B.resort

C.redress

D.restore

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项resolve“决定;溶解;决心要做……”;B选项resort“求助;诉诸;采取某手段或方法(其一般需后接介词to)”;C选项redress“救济;赔偿;纠正”;D选项restore“恢复;修复;归还”。句意:如果你……旧式的金钱和工作价值观,你可以给你的孩子一份珍贵的礼物:自给自足的钥匙。根据后面的宾语old-fashionedvalues“老式的价值观”,If引导的虚拟句,根据后面的结果来看能够给孩子一份珍贵的礼物,保证自给自足。由此可知,这一旧式的金钱和工作价值观是可取的。所以需要将过时的事物重新拾起,进行运用。因此D选项符合题意。

22.单选题

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontentwhichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticrealtyitthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent:displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentisrobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterestitmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromits“sensuousembodiment”withoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)

Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofancanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-the.formbeingdefinitiveofeach’work’sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.

Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallifeifontheotherhandweinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticular"work-ofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

1.Hegelarguedthat(

).

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat

).

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?

4.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause

).

5.Thispassageismainlyabout(

).

问题1选项

A.itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

B.itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

C.theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

D.Theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

问题2选项

A.theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises

B.bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

C.thecometandform,oftheworkofartareseparable

D.aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

问题3选项

A.Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.

B.Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectsofaestheticinterest.

C.Thecontentpresentedwithoutany'individualityisnotmecontentoftheworkofan.

D.Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.

问题4选项

A.Kantthinkstheyareindispensable

B.eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox

C.thepremisesareseparated

D.thepremisescanaccountforthetheory

问题5选项

A.thesensuousappreciationofart

B.thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience

C.howtoappreciatetheworkofart

D.therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofan

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第一段最后一句Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought可知选项D符合题意。

2.文章第四段but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到康德认为对两个前提中的一个予以否定是不可能的,选项A与之相符。

3.文章第二段Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask提到人们试图对艺术品找到一个实在东西表达其含义,但是没有成功,所以选项B的描述是错误的,符合题意。

4.文章第四段提到Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到这两个前提(premise)对解决这个自相矛盾(paradox)并没有用,所以他们是可有可无的。选项B符合题意。

5.文章主要讲述了黑格尔对艺术的内容和形式之间的关系的看法,所以选项D符合题意。

23.单选题

Amanhastomake()forhisoldagebyputtingasideenoughtoliveonwhenold.

问题1选项

A.supply

B.assurance

C.provision

D.adjustment

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。makeprovisionfor指为...预先采取措施,为…作好准备。句意:一个人必须为自己的老年提前做准备,存下足够的钱以备老年之需。选项C正确。

24.翻译题

ManychangesaretakingplaceinAmericans’foodstyles.1.TheUnitedStatesistraditionallyfamousforitssolidandunchangingdietofmeatandpotatoes.Nowwehavemanydifferentalternativestochoosefrom:variousethnicfoods,nutrition-balancedhealthfood,andconvenientanddeliciousfastfood,inadditiontothetraditionalhome-cookedmeal.

EthnicrestaurantsarecommonplaceintheUnitedStates.BecausetheUnitedStatesisacountryofimmigrants,thereisanimmensevarietyinitscateringcultures.AnylargeAmericancityisfilledwithrestaurantsservinginternationalcooking.

2.Healthfoodgainedpopularitywhenpeoplebegantothinkmoreseriouslyabouttheirphysicalwell-being.Theveryterm“healthfood”isironicbecauseitimpliesthatthereisalso“unhealthyfood”.Healthfoodincudesnaturalfoodwithminimalprocessing,i.e.,therearenopresevativestohelpitlastlongerorotherchemicalstomakeittastyorlooklikebetter.3.Mosthealthfoodenthusiastsarevegetarians:Theyeatnomeat;theyprefertogettheiressentialproteinsfromothersources,suchasbeans,cheese,andeggs.

Fast-foodrestaurantscanbeseenalloverthecountry.SpeedisaveryimportantfactorinthelifeofanAmerican.Peopleusuallyhaveaveryshortlunchbreakortheyjustdonotwanttowastetheirtimeeating.Andfoodinfast-foodrestaurantsisalwayscheap.

Americans’attitudetowardfoodischanging,too.Thetraditionalbigbreakfastislosingpopularity.Peoplearerediscoveringthesocialimportanceoffood.4.Dinnerwithfamilyorfriendsisagainbecomingaspecialwayofenjoyingandsharing.Likesomanypeopleinothercountries,manyAmericansaretakingtimetorelaxandenjoythefinertastesatdinner,eveniftheystillrushthroughlunchatahamburgerstand.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】(1)从传统意义上讲,美国食品因其厚腻而又一成不变的土豆烧肉而为世人所熟知。如今我们有许多不同的选择:除了传统的家常菜以外,还有各种民族风味食品、营养保健食品以及方便可口的快餐食品。

(2)当人们开始重视自身健康时,保健食品倍受欢迎。“保健食品”这种说法具有讽刺意味,因为它暗示还有“非保健食品”。

(3)大多数热衷于保健食品的人是素食主义者:他们不吃肉,宁愿从其他渠道,如大豆、奶酪和鸡蛋中获取必要的蛋白质。

(4)同家人或朋友共进晚餐又成为一种特别的分享快乐的方式。尽管美国人仍然会站在汉堡包摊位前匆匆吃完午餐,但在吃晚饭时,他们像其他国家的许多人一样,从容不迫地享受着美味佳肴。

25.单选题

Alotofpeopleworkedlonghoursbecausehighunemploymentmeantthattheycouldeasilybe().

问题1选项

A.distributed

B.appointed

C.transferred

D.replaced

【答案】D

【解析】句意:许多人工作很长时间,因为高失业率意味着他们很容易被取代。distributed分散;appointed约定,指定;transferred转移;replaced取代,替代。选项D符合句意。

26.单选题

Numerousstudiesalreadylinkthefirstmealofthedaytobetterclassroom().

问题1选项

A.performance

B.function

C.behavior

D.display

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。performance“表现”;function“功能”;behavior“行为”;display“展示”。句意:许多研究已经将一天的第一顿饭与更好的课堂表现联系起来。A项符合题意。

27.翻译题

对于多数人来讲,引起焦虑的主要原因是高昂的房价、教育的支出和医疗费用。人们生活在巨大的压力之下,但是低且增长缓慢的工资使他们看不到脱离困境的希望。有时似乎是机会多多,人们也会因此而产生焦虑。

【答案】Formostpeople,themaincausesofanxietyarethehighcostofhousing,educationandhealthcare.Peoplearelivingunderenormouspressure,buttheyseelittlehopeforescapeastheirincomesarelowandtheirincreasesareslow.Atatimethatseemstobefullofopportunitiespeoplelivewithmanyanxieties.

28.填空题

“TheIAEAshouldpositivelyclarifyrelevantproblemsbycooperatingwithIraninafairand_______manner”and“IranshouldbeflexibleandsincerewhencooperatingwiththeIAEA,”Xinhuareported,citingHong.(person)

【答案】impersonal

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】根据横线前的and,可知fair和横线处表示并列,所以横线处应为形容词,并且意思和fair对应,impersonal意思为“非指个人的,客观的”,符合语境。

【句意】新华社援引洪磊的话说:“国际原子能机构应该以公平、客观的方式与伊朗合作,积极澄清有关问题。伊朗在与国际原子能机构合作时,应该灵活、真诚。”

29.单选题

Thestatistics()thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.

问题1选项

A.proves

B.isproving

C.areproving

D.prove

【答案】D

【解析】句意:这些统计数据表明这个地方的生活标准在最近已经彻底地改善。

语法题。考查时态。主语为statistics(数据(复数)),句意为“数据表明”,因此此处应该用一般现在时。故选D。

30.单选题

Thetiesthatbindustogetherincommonactivityareso()thattheycandisappearatanymoment.

问题1选项

A.trivial

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