高考英语一轮复习选修8Unit22EnvironmentalProtection课件北师大版

选修8

选修8

Unit22

EnvironmentalProtectionUnit22EnvironmentalProtecti-3-主题语境:世界与环境-3-主题语境:世界与环境-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.reserve

n.保护区;储备;保留;储备金;储藏量

vi.储备;保存;保留;预订[高考佳句]①

beforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!

在樱花凋谢之前,预订你的位置!(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)reserve

sth

for

sb为某人保留/预定某物a

nature

reserve自然保护区in

reserve贮存;备用(2)reservation

n.保护;保留;预订(房间、座位等)make

a

reservation预订(座位、房间等)without

reservation毫无保留地Reserveyourspot-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.reserven.保护区-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用reserve或其短语的恰当形式填空②Couldyou

formeinyourcity?

你能在你们城市为我预订一家宾馆吗?③Thegovernmentisplanningtosetupmore

.

政府正计划建立更多的自然保护区。④Iwillcalltherestaurantand

.

我要给饭店打个电话预订桌位。(2)单句语法填空⑤Thepowerofimaginationneednotbereserved

childrenonly.(2013·广东卷,阅读理解A篇)

reserveahotelnaturereserves

makeareservationfor-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练reserveah-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.beyond

prep.超出

adv.在远处[高考佳句]①Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefits

physicallyfit.

除了身体健康,早上锻炼还能带来其他好处。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五阅读)beyondbeing-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.beyondprep.超-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型beyond

control无法控制beyond

words难以言表,无法形容beyond

compare无与伦比beyond

midnight午夜以后beyond

sb’s

power某人力所不及的beyond

one’s

imagination/description超乎想象/无法描述beyond

belief/doubt令人难以置信/毫无疑问beyond

repair/reach无法修理/够不着It’s

beyond

me

why/what...我无法理解为什么/什么……-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型beyondcontrol无-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用beyond或其短语的恰当形式填空②So,alwaystrytolivealittlebit

—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.

所以,总是努力超越一点你的能力去生活——你将会发现你的能力比你曾梦想的更大。③Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged

.

自从萨拉还是个小女孩以来,我就再也没有见过她,她变得面目全非。(2)写作升级④Hetoldushisstorywhichwaswhatwecouldn’timagine.→[满分表达]Hetoldushisstory

.

beyondyourabilitiesbeyondourimaginationbeyondrecognition-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练beyondyour-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.claim

vt.&

n.声称;(根据权利)要求,索赔;认领[高考佳句]①Atthispoint,noonehadcalled

,soAnndecidedtokeepit.

这个时候没有人打电话来认领狗,所以安决定留下它。(2014·山东卷,阅读理解A篇)claim

to

do

sth声称要做某事

claim

sth认领某物

claim

back要求收回;索回

lay

claim

to声称对……的拥有权

have

no

claim

on/to

sth没有对……要求的权利;无资格得到

make

a

claim

for对(赔偿等)提出要求toclaimthedog-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.claimvt.&n.-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空②Doctorsclaimed

(discover)acureforthedisease.

③Theyhadnoclaim

theland,whichwasbelievedtoberichinoil.

(2)完成句子④Theremightbeanopportunity

.

可能有机会索赔。tohavediscoveredontoclaim

-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练tohavedi-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.relevant

adj.有关的;切题的[高考佳句]①Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfive

pre-collegecourses.

此外,我完成了计算机基础知识的高级课程,还有五门相关的大学前课程。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)relevant

information相关信息

be

relevant

to和……有关(=have

sth

to

do

with)(2)relevance

n.相关,贴切,关联性

relevantly

adv.有关地;切题地relevant-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.relevantadj-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用relevant或其短语的恰当形式填空②Idon’tthinkwhathesaid

thetopicwearediscussing.

我认为他所说的与我们正在讨论的话题毫无关联。③Wereceivedallthe

.

我们收到了所有的相关信息。(2)写作升级④Whatexperiencedoyouhaverelatedtothisposition?→[满分表达]Whatexperiencedoyouhave

thisposition?

isrelevanttorelevantinformationthat/whichisrelevantto-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练isrelevan-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.advocate

vt.主张,提倡

n.提倡者,倡导者;拥护者[高考佳句]①Someimmigrant

worry

thatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs.一些移民倡导者担心这一点,因为在艰难的财务时期使得当地人较难以保住工作。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)(1)advocate

that...(should)do

sth主张……,提倡……advocate

doing

sth提倡做某事an

advocate

of/for

sb/sth支持某人/某事的人

(2)advocacy

n.拥护advocates-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.advocatevt.-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练单句语法填空②Thepartyadvocates

(take)measurestostopthestrike.

③Don’texpecthimtobe

advocateoftheplan.

takingan-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练takingan-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.substitute

n.代替品,代用品;代替者

vt.代替,取代[高考佳句]①Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofind

.

不幸的是,你必须随身携带必要的设备,因为找到天然替代品几乎是不可能的。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)a

substitute

for...……的代替者(品)substitute

for

sb/sth代替某人/某物;取代某人/某物substitute

A

for

B/substitute

B

with/by

A用A代替Bnaturalsubstitutes-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.substituten-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Ifwe

eachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

如果我们把每个字母都用一个数字代替,信息“Meetme”就会读成“135520135”。(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)(2)单句语法填空③Hisfatheronlysawhimasasubstitute

hisdeadbrother.

substituteanumberforfor

-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练substitute-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.refer

to

指,意即;提到;谈及;参考;查阅[高考佳句]①Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3

?

第3段中画线单词“that”指什么?(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)(1)refer

to

the

dictionary/notes查词典/笔记(2)reference

n.提及;查阅a

reference

book

参考书referto-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.referto指,意-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)写出下列各句中refer

to的意义②AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”③If,oneweekfromthedateofwrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentisreferredtotheStudentCourt.④WhenIsaidsomeonewaslazy,Ididn’trefertoyou.⑤You’renotallowedtorefertoyournoteswhenansweringthequestions.提及提交

指的是参考,查阅-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练提及-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级⑥IfIdon’tknowawordinthearticle,canIlookitupinadictionary?→[满分表达]IfIdon’tknowawordinthearticle,canI

adictionary?

referto-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级refert-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.look

ahead

展望未来[经典例句]①NowIcanrememberwithoutmourning,andbeginto

.

如今回首往事我已不再感到悲痛,并且开始展望未来。look

back回顾look

around环顾look

into调查look

out当心look

through浏览look

forward

to期盼look

down

on/upon轻视,看不起look

up

to尊敬;仰慕look

up抬头看;查阅

look

over检查(身体等)lookahead-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.lookahead展-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用look短语的恰当形式填空②

,Ihonestlydon’tknowhowshedidit.

回首往事,老实说我不知道她是如何做的。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)③Shecouldn’tbelievehowlongtheyletus

withoutsayinganything.

她简直不敢相信他们让我们四处看了那么久,什么也没说。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)④Twoboyswerelostandthepolice

thematter.

两个男孩失踪了,警察正在调查这件事。Lookingbackwerelookingintolookaround-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用look短语的恰当-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型⑤Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandeven

herasifsheweretheirownmother.

孩子们对她很友好,甚至仰慕她,如同她是他们自己的妈妈。(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)⑥

,wearequiteconfidentofourselves.

展望未来,我们信心十足。lookeduptoLookingahead-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型⑤Thekidswere-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.in

turn依次,轮流地;反过来[高考佳句]①Iwouldn’tscoldanyonefordecidingtopartyonweekendsand

Iwouldn’texpectanyonetogiveoffencetomeforfocusingonmyhealth.

我不会因决定在周末聚会而责骂人,反过来,我也不希望有人因关注我的健康而触怒我。(2015·福建卷,阅读理解E篇)by

turns轮流take

turns

to

do/doing

sth轮流做某事It’s

one’s

turn

to

do

sth轮到某人做某事。词义精析(1)in

turn表示依次、转而、反过来;(2)in

return

作为报答;作为交换(常和介词for连用)。inturn-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.inturn依次,轮流-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子②Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,

canleadtoviolence.

笑着谈论那块三明治可能会导致侮辱,这相应地可能会导致暴力。③

,however,thispassagewillhelpyoutothinklikeaneconomist.

然而,作为回报,这段文章将帮助你像一位经济学家那样思考。④Theoryisbasedonpracticeand

servespractice.

理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务。whichinturn

Inreturninturn-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子which-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.on

one’s

behalf

代表……[高考佳句]①

ourschool,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmwelcometoyou.

我代表学校对你们表达我们热烈的欢迎。(2014·陕西卷,书面表达)on

one’s

behalf=on

behalf

of

sb代表……in

behalf

of

sb=in

sb’s

behalf为帮助某人Onbehalfof-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.onone’sbeh-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Wecollectedmoney

thepoorstudents.

我们为帮助这些贫困学生而筹集资金。(2)写作升级③I’dliketorepresentallmyclassmatestodeliveraspeechtoexpressourappreciationtoourteachers.→[满分表达]

allmyclassmates,I’dliketodeliveraspeechtoexpressourappreciationtoourteachers.

inbehalfofOnbehalfof

-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练inbehalf-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.apart

from

除……以外(和aside

from的意义及用法均相同)[高考佳句]①

goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.

除了良好的服务,这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。(2011·福建卷,单项填空)take

sth

apart将……拆开;拆分tell...apart分辨出fall

apart破裂;断裂;散开Apart/Asidefrom-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.apartfrom除-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析(1)except意为“除……之外(没有)”,常用于排除同类事物(除去整体中的一部分),并用于表示绝对肯定或绝对否定的词之后,如no,none,nothing,all,any,everyone,everything等。其后可接名词、代词或that/what

等引导的从句。

(2)besides意为“除了……之外(还有)”,包括排除的事物,另外,它也可用作副词而单独使用。(3)except

for常用于对整体进行肯定,对局部细节加以否定。(4)apart

from/aside

from兼有besides,except(for)的意义和用法。-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用except,besides,except

for和apart

from/aside

from填空②Allofthestudentswenthikinglastweekend

Andy,whowasillinhospital.

③Peoplechoosejobsforotherreasons

money.

④Everythingwentwell

thebadweather.

except/apartfrom/asidefrombesides/apartfrom/asidefromexceptfor/apartfrom/asidefrom-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用except,be-30-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Given

this

data,it

seems

that

the

link

between

human

activities

and

rising

global

temperatures

is

not

merely

a

coincidence.(Page

6)根据这一数据判断,人类活动与全球变暖之间的关系似乎不仅仅只是一个巧合。→giventhat...句型(1)句中given

prep.意为“考虑到,鉴于”。given后接表示事物性的名词(短语),并通常位于句首,也可置于句末,且常用逗号与其后面的句子隔开,整个介词短语在句中做状语。(2)表示“考虑到……”时,given后还可接that从句。同时,given做形容词时,表示“规定的”。(3)类似的,considering(顾及;考虑到),according

to(根据),concerning(关于)等均为介词(短语)。

-30-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Giventhisd-31-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子①

anewsurvey(调查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.

根据一项由国际睡眠基金会进行的新的调查表明,51%10至18岁的孩子,即使他们必须早起,晚上也是在10点或更晚的时候睡觉。(2017·浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)②Itseemsreasonabletosendhimtodothejob,

heisdoingquitewell.

考虑到他做得很好,派他去做这项工作似乎是很合理的。Accordingtogiven/consideringthat-31-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子Accord-32-重点短语难点句型高频单词③

,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.

如果有足够的时间和金钱,那些研究者早就能够发现这个领域更多的东西了。Givenenoughtimeandmoney-32-重点短语难点句型高频单词③-33-重点短语难点句型高频单词2.How

can

we

stop

these

disasters

from

happening?(Page

6)我们如何才能阻止这些灾难的发生?→stop...fromdoingsth句型(1)句中stop...from

doing表示“阻止……做……”,其中from可以省略。(2)类似地,prevent

sb(from)doing

sth及keep

sb

from

doing

sth也表示“防止/阻止某人做某事”,但keep

sb

doing

sth则表示“让某人继续做某事”。-33-重点短语难点句型高频单词2.Howcanwes-34-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子①Theprocessestakeplaceto

loadedwithmemories.

进行这些过程来阻止我们大脑承受记忆负担。(2017·北京卷,七选五阅读)②DrWelchneededmedicineto

.韦尔奇博士需要药物来阻止其他孩子生病。③Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomething

so.

当然,我本可以问她,但有件事阻止了我去问了。(2017·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)stopourbrainsbecomingstopotherkidsfromgettingsickpreventedmefromdoing-34-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练stopourb-35-重点短语难点句型高频单词去掉from(2)单句改错④XuBeihong’spaintingskeepusfromimagining.-35-重点短语难点句型高频单词去掉from(2)单句改错-36-重点短语难点句型高频单词3.But

why

wait

around

for

governments

to

take

action?(Page

6)但是为什么要等着政府来采取行动呢?→Whydo...?句型(1)Why

do...?表示“为什么做……呢?”,该句型在口语中很常用,其否定形式为Why

not

do...?表示“为什么不做……呢?”(2)how,where,when等疑问词没有why类似的用法,但它们可以和动词不定式连用,在句中充当一个成分,而why则没有此用法。-36-重点短语难点句型高频单词3.Butwhywait-37-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子①

?Wecanstayathomeandwatchfilmsonline.

何必呢?我们可以留在家里在线观看电影。②But

now?

但是为什么不现在开始呢?(2016·四川卷,阅读理解B篇)③Wedebatedover

intothevideo.

我们讨论了在录像中放入什么内容。(2)写作升级④Herearefourcommonemailaccidents,andhowwecanrecover.→[满分表达]Herearefourcommonemailaccidents,and

.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)

Whybotherwhynotstart

whattoputhowtorecover-37-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练Whybother-38-重点短语难点句型高频单词4.One

of

the

islands

is

home

to

a

giant

tortoise

named

Lonesome

George.(Page

9)其中一个小岛是一个叫Lonesome

George的巨龟的家园。→behometo句型be

home

to...表示“是……的家园,是……的发祥地,是……的居住地”,在home前不可用冠词。-38-重点短语难点句型高频单词4.Oneofthei-39-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子①Withoutdoubt,QinghuaUniversityfoundedin1911is

manyoutstandingfigures.

毫无疑问建于1911年的清华大学是许多杰出人物的家园。(2)单句改错②Theforestisahometovariouswildanimals,butnowithasbeendestroyed.hometo去掉a

-39-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练hometo去掉-40-重点短语难点句型高频单词5.The

last

few

years

have

seen

environmental

disasters

on

a

grand

scale,and

experts

are

predicting

far

worse

to

come.(Page

10)近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。→一段时间+haveseen...句型(1)“一段时间+have

seen...”表示“(时间)见证了……”,此处see也可用witness代替。(2)此处的动词see使用的是拟人修辞手法。拟人修辞手法把事物人格化,使本来不具备人的动作和感情的动物或植物变得像人一样能说能笑。(3)英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子,主语通常是表示时间、地点、心爱之物等的名词,如车、船等。谓语则常是see,witness,find,make,bring,cause,give,experience等。-40-重点短语难点句型高频单词5.Thelastfew-41-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子①

twoworldwars.

20世纪见证了两次世界大战。②Anotherhour’sride

thefootofthehill.

再往前驱车一小时,我们就可以到达山脚下了。The20thcenturysaw/witnessed

willbringusto

-41-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子The20选修8

选修8

Unit22

EnvironmentalProtectionUnit22EnvironmentalProtecti-44-主题语境:世界与环境-3-主题语境:世界与环境-45-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.reserve

n.保护区;储备;保留;储备金;储藏量

vi.储备;保存;保留;预订[高考佳句]①

beforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!

在樱花凋谢之前,预订你的位置!(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)reserve

sth

for

sb为某人保留/预定某物a

nature

reserve自然保护区in

reserve贮存;备用(2)reservation

n.保护;保留;预订(房间、座位等)make

a

reservation预订(座位、房间等)without

reservation毫无保留地Reserveyourspot-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.reserven.保护区-46-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用reserve或其短语的恰当形式填空②Couldyou

formeinyourcity?

你能在你们城市为我预订一家宾馆吗?③Thegovernmentisplanningtosetupmore

.

政府正计划建立更多的自然保护区。④Iwillcalltherestaurantand

.

我要给饭店打个电话预订桌位。(2)单句语法填空⑤Thepowerofimaginationneednotbereserved

childrenonly.(2013·广东卷,阅读理解A篇)

reserveahotelnaturereserves

makeareservationfor-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练reserveah-47-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.beyond

prep.超出

adv.在远处[高考佳句]①Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefits

physicallyfit.

除了身体健康,早上锻炼还能带来其他好处。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五阅读)beyondbeing-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.beyondprep.超-48-高频单词重点短语难点句型beyond

control无法控制beyond

words难以言表,无法形容beyond

compare无与伦比beyond

midnight午夜以后beyond

sb’s

power某人力所不及的beyond

one’s

imagination/description超乎想象/无法描述beyond

belief/doubt令人难以置信/毫无疑问beyond

repair/reach无法修理/够不着It’s

beyond

me

why/what...我无法理解为什么/什么……-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型beyondcontrol无-49-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用beyond或其短语的恰当形式填空②So,alwaystrytolivealittlebit

—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.

所以,总是努力超越一点你的能力去生活——你将会发现你的能力比你曾梦想的更大。③Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged

.

自从萨拉还是个小女孩以来,我就再也没有见过她,她变得面目全非。(2)写作升级④Hetoldushisstorywhichwaswhatwecouldn’timagine.→[满分表达]Hetoldushisstory

.

beyondyourabilitiesbeyondourimaginationbeyondrecognition-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练beyondyour-50-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.claim

vt.&

n.声称;(根据权利)要求,索赔;认领[高考佳句]①Atthispoint,noonehadcalled

,soAnndecidedtokeepit.

这个时候没有人打电话来认领狗,所以安决定留下它。(2014·山东卷,阅读理解A篇)claim

to

do

sth声称要做某事

claim

sth认领某物

claim

back要求收回;索回

lay

claim

to声称对……的拥有权

have

no

claim

on/to

sth没有对……要求的权利;无资格得到

make

a

claim

for对(赔偿等)提出要求toclaimthedog-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.claimvt.&n.-51-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空②Doctorsclaimed

(discover)acureforthedisease.

③Theyhadnoclaim

theland,whichwasbelievedtoberichinoil.

(2)完成句子④Theremightbeanopportunity

.

可能有机会索赔。tohavediscoveredontoclaim

-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练tohavedi-52-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.relevant

adj.有关的;切题的[高考佳句]①Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfive

pre-collegecourses.

此外,我完成了计算机基础知识的高级课程,还有五门相关的大学前课程。(2016·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)relevant

information相关信息

be

relevant

to和……有关(=have

sth

to

do

with)(2)relevance

n.相关,贴切,关联性

relevantly

adv.有关地;切题地relevant-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.relevantadj-53-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用relevant或其短语的恰当形式填空②Idon’tthinkwhathesaid

thetopicwearediscussing.

我认为他所说的与我们正在讨论的话题毫无关联。③Wereceivedallthe

.

我们收到了所有的相关信息。(2)写作升级④Whatexperiencedoyouhaverelatedtothisposition?→[满分表达]Whatexperiencedoyouhave

thisposition?

isrelevanttorelevantinformationthat/whichisrelevantto-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练isrelevan-54-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.advocate

vt.主张,提倡

n.提倡者,倡导者;拥护者[高考佳句]①Someimmigrant

worry

thatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs.一些移民倡导者担心这一点,因为在艰难的财务时期使得当地人较难以保住工作。(2017·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)(1)advocate

that...(should)do

sth主张……,提倡……advocate

doing

sth提倡做某事an

advocate

of/for

sb/sth支持某人/某事的人

(2)advocacy

n.拥护advocates-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.advocatevt.-55-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练单句语法填空②Thepartyadvocates

(take)measurestostopthestrike.

③Don’texpecthimtobe

advocateoftheplan.

takingan-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练takingan-56-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.substitute

n.代替品,代用品;代替者

vt.代替,取代[高考佳句]①Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofind

.

不幸的是,你必须随身携带必要的设备,因为找到天然替代品几乎是不可能的。(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)a

substitute

for...……的代替者(品)substitute

for

sb/sth代替某人/某物;取代某人/某物substitute

A

for

B/substitute

B

with/by

A用A代替Bnaturalsubstitutes-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.substituten-57-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Ifwe

eachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

如果我们把每个字母都用一个数字代替,信息“Meetme”就会读成“135520135”。(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五阅读)(2)单句语法填空③Hisfatheronlysawhimasasubstitute

hisdeadbrother.

substituteanumberforfor

-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练substitute-58-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.refer

to

指,意即;提到;谈及;参考;查阅[高考佳句]①Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3

?

第3段中画线单词“that”指什么?(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)(1)refer

to

the

dictionary/notes查词典/笔记(2)reference

n.提及;查阅a

reference

book

参考书referto-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.referto指,意-59-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)写出下列各句中refer

to的意义②AgreatAmerican,JamesMadison,referredto:“Thecapacity(能力)ofmankindforself-government.”③If,oneweekfromthedateofwrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentisreferredtotheStudentCourt.④WhenIsaidsomeonewaslazy,Ididn’trefertoyou.⑤You’renotallowedtorefertoyournoteswhenansweringthequestions.提及提交

指的是参考,查阅-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练提及-60-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级⑥IfIdon’tknowawordinthearticle,canIlookitupinadictionary?→[满分表达]IfIdon’tknowawordinthearticle,canI

adictionary?

referto-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级refert-61-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.look

ahead

展望未来[经典例句]①NowIcanrememberwithoutmourning,andbeginto

.

如今回首往事我已不再感到悲痛,并且开始展望未来。look

back回顾look

around环顾look

into调查look

out当心look

through浏览look

forward

to期盼look

down

on/upon轻视,看不起look

up

to尊敬;仰慕look

up抬头看;查阅

look

over检查(身体等)lookahead-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.lookahead展-62-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用look短语的恰当形式填空②

,Ihonestlydon’tknowhowshedidit.

回首往事,老实说我不知道她是如何做的。(2016·浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)③Shecouldn’tbelievehowlongtheyletus

withoutsayinganything.

她简直不敢相信他们让我们四处看了那么久,什么也没说。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)④Twoboyswerelostandthepolice

thematter.

两个男孩失踪了,警察正在调查这件事。Lookingbackwerelookingintolookaround-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用look短语的恰当-63-高频单词重点短语难点句型⑤Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandeven

herasifsheweretheirownmother.

孩子们对她很友好,甚至仰慕她,如同她是他们自己的妈妈。(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)⑥

,wearequiteconfidentofourselves.

展望未来,我们信心十足。lookeduptoLookingahead-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型⑤Thekidswere-64-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.in

turn依次,轮流地;反过来[高考佳句]①Iwouldn’tscoldanyonefordecidingtopartyonweekendsand

Iwouldn’texpectanyonetogiveoffencetomeforfocusingonmyhealth.

我不会因决定在周末聚会而责骂人,反过来,我也不希望有人因关注我的健康而触怒我。(2015·福建卷,阅读理解E篇)by

turns轮流take

turns

to

do/doing

sth轮流做某事It’s

one’s

turn

to

do

sth轮到某人做某事。词义精析(1)in

turn表示依次、转而、反过来;(2)in

return

作为报答;作为交换(常和介词for连用)。inturn-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.inturn依次,轮流-65-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子②Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadtoinsults,

canleadtoviolence.

笑着谈论那块三明治可能会导致侮辱,这相应地可能会导致暴力。③

,however,thispassagewillhelpyoutothinklikeaneconomist.

然而,作为回报,这段文章将帮助你像一位经济学家那样思考。④Theoryisbasedonpracticeand

servespractice.

理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务。whichinturn

Inreturninturn-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子which-66-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.on

one’s

behalf

代表……[高考佳句]①

ourschool,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmwelcometoyou.

我代表学校对你们表达我们热烈的欢迎。(2014·陕西卷,书面表达)on

one’s

behalf=on

behalf

of

sb代表……in

behalf

of

sb=in

sb’s

behalf为帮助某人Onbehalfof-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.onone’sbeh-67-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Wecollectedmoney

thepoorstudents.

我们为帮助这些贫困学生而筹集资金。(2)写作升级③I’dliketorepresentallmyclassmatestodeliveraspeechtoexpressourappreciationtoourteachers.→[满分表达]

allmyclassmates,I’dliketodeliveraspeechtoexpressourappreciationtoourteachers.

inbehalfofOnbehalfof

-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练inbehalf-68-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.apart

from

除……以外(和aside

from的意义及用法均相同)[高考佳句]①

goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.

除了良好的服务,这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。(2011·福建卷,单项填空)take

sth

apart将……拆开;拆分tell...apart分辨出fall

apart破裂;断裂;散开Apart/Asidefrom-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.apartfrom除-69-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析(1)except意为“除……之外(没有)”,常用于排除同类事物(除去整体中的一部分),并用于表示绝对肯定或绝对否定的词之后,如no,none,nothing,all,any,everyone,everything等。其后可接名词、代词或that/what

等引导的从句。

(2)besides意为“除了……之外(还有)”,包括排除的事物,另外,它也可用作副词而单独使用。(3)except

for常用于对整体进行肯定,对局部细节加以否定。(4)apart

from/aside

from兼有besides,except(for)的意义和用法。-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析-70-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用except,besides,except

for和apart

from/aside

from填空②Allofthestudentswenthikinglastweekend

Andy,whowasillinhospital.

③Peoplechoosejobsforotherreasons

money.

④Everythingwentwell

thebadweather.

except/apartfrom/asidefrombesides/apartfrom/asidefromexceptfor/apartfrom/asidefrom-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用except,be-71-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Given

this

data,it

seems

that

the

link

between

human

activities

and

rising

global

temperatures

is

not

merely

a

coincidence.(Page

6)根据这一数据判断,人类活动与全球变暖之间的关系似乎不仅仅只是一个巧合。→giventhat...句型(1)句中given

prep.意为“考虑到,鉴于”。given后接表示事物性的名词(短语),并通常位于句首,也可置于句末,且常用逗号与其后面的句子隔开,整个介词短语在句中做状语。(2)表示“考虑到……”时,given后还可接that从句。同时,given做形容词时,表示“规定的”。(3)类似的,considering(顾及;考虑到),according

to(根据),concerning(关于)等均为介词(短语)。

-30-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Giventhisd-72-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子①

anewsurvey(调查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.

根据一项由国际睡眠基金会进行的新的调查表明,51%10至18岁的孩子,即使他们必须早起,晚上也是在10点或更晚的时候睡觉。(2017·浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)②Itseemsreasonabletosendhimtodothejob,

heisdoingquitewell.

考虑到他做得很好,派他去做这项工作似乎是很合理的。Accordingtogiven/consideringthat-31-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子Accord-73-重点短语难点句型高频单词③

,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.

如果有足够的时间和金钱,那些研究者早就能够发现这个领域更多的东西了。Givenenoughtimeandmoney-32-重点短语难点句型高频单词③-74-重点短语难点句型高频单词2.How

can

we

stop

these

disasters

from

happening?(Page

6)我们如何才能阻止这些灾难的发生?→stop...fromdoingsth句型(1)句中stop...from

doing表示“阻止……做……”,其中from可以省略。(2)类似地,prevent

sb(from)doing

s