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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门海洋职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Circustigers,althoughtheyhavebeentamed,can()attacktheirtrainer.

问题1选项

A.unexpectedly

B.deliberately

C.reluctantly

D.subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】词义辨折题。Unexpectedly意外地,

出乎意料地;deliberately故意地,谨慎地;reluctantly不情愿地,嫌恶地;subsequently随后,

后来。句意:尽管马戏团里的老虎已经被驯服,却能出人意料地攻击它们的驯兽师。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

Atlastsheleftherhouseandhurriedtotheairportonly______theplaneflyingaway.

问题1选项

A.saw

B.seen

C.seeing

D.tosee

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:最后她离开了家,匆忙赶往机场,却只看见飞机飞走了。only+现在分词(短语)和only+不定式(短语)都可作结果状语,跟现在分词往往表示一种自然的合乎逻辑的结果,而跟不定式往往表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果,仅限于少数终止性动词,如find,hear,learn,make,see等。only到句尾部分是结果状语,匆忙赶往机场却未能如愿登机,是令人失望的结果,D选项tosee符合题意。A选项saw是一般过去时,作谓语动词,不作非谓语动词;B选项seen是过去分词,不单独使用;C选项onlyseeing表示合乎逻辑的结果,含有意料之中的意思,不存在失望的情况,不符合语境。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Thecarwasingoodworking()whenIboughtitafewmonthsago.

问题1选项

A.order

B.form

C.state

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项order表示“条理,顺序,命令”,B选项form表示“形态,方式,外形,表格”,C选项state表示“状态,状况”,D选项circumstance表示“情况,环境,经济状况”。

由句意可知,我几个月前买这辆车时候,它的运作状态还是很好的。短语ingoodorder表示“性能良好”;而ingoodform表示“很健康、高兴,状态佳”,常用来形容人;其余选项则没有这样的搭配。因此,本题正确答案为A选项。

4.单选题

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstranforpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,500,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe“permanentboom”orthe“neweconomy”.Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof“notleavingasinglepersonbehind”.Itispossiblethatsimilar“compassionate”rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.

Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountyfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkabletourthroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa“newmarketinitiative”.

Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.“Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodernlife,”saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMac.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandonalongtermbasis:education,developmentofworksill,shiftsinthelabormarket,andadjustmentsinwelfarereform.

ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftout.It’ssimpleinvisibilitybecauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother’sview.

26.Whatdoestheword“straitened”inthefirstparagraphmean?

27.Whatisoneimportantreasonwhywedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyaccordingtotheauthor?

28.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

29.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Straightforward

B.Wealthy

C.Distant

D.Difficult

问题2选项

A.Nooneknowswhattodoaboutit.

B.Noonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboom.

C.Povertyreallyislowerthaninthepast.

D.Thepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoor.

问题3选项

A.Therelationshipbetweentherichandthepoorhaschanged.

B.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontopoverty.

C.Thegoodeconomywillsoonend.

D.Allpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions.

问题4选项

A.Toentertain.

B.Topersuade.

C.Totellastory.

D.Todescribe.

问题5选项

A.Weweremoreawareofthepoorinthepastthanwearetoday.

B.Thepoorarebenefitingfromtoday’sgoodeconomy.

C.Thecountryisenjoyingeconomicgrowth.

D.Thereweremanymorepoorpeoplethantherearetoday.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】26.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】语义推测题。由题干定位到文章第一段中的“yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond每年的联邦预算赤字预计将永远达到数千亿美元,甚至更高”和“Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof‘notleavingasinglepersonbehind’.然而,在这段更紧张的时间里,克林顿强调了‘不让一个人掉队’的重要性。”可推知straitened有“贫困的,困难的”的意思,所以D项difficult“困难的”正确。A项“简单的;坦率的”;B项“富有的”;C项“遥远的;冷漠的”;D项“困难的”,因此D选项正确。

27.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章第三段中的第二句“Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.贫困率确实比过去几十年都要低,尤其是对少数群体而言。”可知C项“贫困率确实比过去低。”正确。A项“没有人知道该怎么做。”;B项“没有人被排除在当前的繁荣之外。”;C项“贫困率确实比过去低。”;D项“总统不关心穷人。”,因此C选项正确。

28.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章最后一段中的第一句“ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.但我认为,还有另一种力量,使这个时代成为一个穷人几乎不见踪影的富裕时代。”可推知A项“富人和穷人之间的关系发生了变化。”正确,除A项之外的其他选项文中并未提及。A项“富人和穷人之间的关系发生了变化。”;B项“我们应该更加关注贫困问题。”;C项“良好的经济将很快结束。”;D项“所有人都从良好的经济条件中受益。”,因此A选项正确。

29.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】作者意图题。结合全文内容可知,这篇文章是作者在阐述为什么现在人们不去讨论“贫困”,和为什么这个时代成为一个穷人几乎不见踪影的富裕时代。A项“娱乐”,B项“说服”,文章并未体现。C项“讲故事”,不符合。D项“描述”,符合题意。因此D选项正确。

30.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。结合全文知,A项“我们过去比现在更关注穷人。”B项“穷人正受益于今天良好的经济。”未提及。C项“这个国家正在享受经济增长。”,D项“当时的穷人比现在多很多。”从文中的第一段“Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?”以前,当我们有了财富,我们就会开始讨论贫穷。为什么现在不讨论了呢?由此可知,A选项符合。因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

______wasnotourconcern.

问题1选项

A.Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination

B.Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot

C.Thoughhemightpasstheexamination

D.Whilehepassedtheexamination

【答案】B

【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他考试及格与否不关我们的事。横线部分为主语从句。B选项Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot中whether…ornot“无论,是否”,符合题意。A选项Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination去掉might选项符合语法,翻译成:无论他怎样通过考试。C选项Thoughhemightpasstheexamination中though“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不符合语境。D选项Whilehepassedtheexamination中while“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,不符合语境。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.

Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardpatternsintowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectionbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardpatterns”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses(奔驰车),andtradestocks,andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiums(讨论会)andacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout______.

2.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe______.

3.Asforthesurvey,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesintheir______.

5.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits______.

问题1选项

A.needsofthereadersallovertheworld

B.causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers

C.originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry

D.aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject

问题2选项

A.quitetrustworthy

B.somewhatcontradictory

C.veryfunning

D.rathersuperficial

问题3选项

A.Theresidentstobesurveyedaredecidedbeforehand.

B.Theresidentsin5citiesaresurveyed.

C.Thesurveyshowsthatreportersandtheirreaderssharethesamelifestyle.

D.Therepliesoftheresidentsshowthatchurchisprobablytheirhaunts.

问题4选项

A.workingattitude

B.lackofreportingskills

C.worldoutlook

D.educationalbackground

问题5选项

A.failuretorealizeitsrealproblem

B.tendencytohireannoyingreporters

C.likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting

D.prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章开头提出了为什么许多美国人不相信自己在报纸上读到的内容这个问题,接着分析了造成公众对报纸失望的根本性原因。因此B选项“公众对报纸失望的原因”最能概括文章主旨。A选项“世界各地读者的需求”,C选项“报业衰落的根源”,D选项“新闻业可信度项目的目标”在文中均没有提及,所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes(遗憾的是,这次项目只获得了一些肤浅的发现,诸如新闻报道中的事实错误,拼写或语法错误),说明可信度项目获得的结果是低级、肤浅的。因此D选项“相当肤浅”正确。A选项“非常值得信赖”,B选项“有点矛盾”,C选项“非常有趣”均不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

3.客观细节题。A选项“被调查的居民是事先决定的”,由原文Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.(然后随机地给这些城市的居民打电话,询问他们同样的问题。)可知,被调查的居民是随机确定的,所以A错误。B选项“对5个城市的居民进行调查”,由原文Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.(在最近一次调查中,问卷被送到了全国五座中等城市及一座大都市的记者手中。)可知,是对五个中等城市和一个大城市,共6个城市的居民进行调查,所以B错误。C选项“调查显示,记者和他们的读者有着相同的生活方式”,由原文RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks(人们的回答表明,与其他美国人相比,新闻记者更有可能居住在高级社区,有女佣,有奔驰车,炒股)可知,记者和普通读者的生活方式不一样,所以C错误。由D选项关键词“church”可以定位到文章第五段最后一句andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.(而记者去教堂,参加自愿服务,扎根某个社区的可能性却很小。),说明记者和普通读者不一样,很少去教堂,也就是说普通居民可能会经常去教堂。因此D选项“居民的回答表明,教堂很可能是他们的聚集地”正确。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段第二句Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.(对新闻媒体的这种令人震惊的不信任的根源不在于报道失实或低下的报道技巧,而在于记者与读者的世界观每天都发生着碰撞。),说明记者与读者世界观的冲突引起了人们对报纸的不信任,是基本问题所在。因此C选项“世界观”正确。A选项“工作态度”,B选项“缺乏报道技巧”,D选项“教育背景”都不是最基本的问题,所以A,B,D错误。

5.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.(但它似乎从来就没有时间去注意那么多老顾客所抱怨的文化和阶级偏见。),说明尽管报纸行业做出了许多努力,但他们没有意识到真正的问题在于文化和阶级偏见。因此A选项“没有意识到其真正的问题”正确。B选项“倾向于雇用令人讨厌的记者”,C选项“倾向于做不准确的报道”,D选项“在种族和性别问题上的偏见”都不是根本的原因,所以B,C,D错误。

7.单选题

Thecompanymademoreprofitinthatonemonththanitmadeinthewholeofthe()year.

问题1选项

A.previously

B.proceeding

C.preceding

D.unpreceding

【答案】C

【解析】形近异义词辨析。previously“以前”;proceeding“程序,诉讼”;preceding“在前的,先前的”;unpreceding“空前的,前所未有的”。句意:公司在那一个月创造的收益比整个前年的多。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore()tolightthanarehumaneyes.

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管猫在完全黑暗的环境中看不到任何东西,但是相比人类的眼睛,它们的眼晴对光却更加敏感。

考查形容词辨析。glowing热烈赞扬的,热情洋溢的;brilliant闪耀的,杰出的,精彩的;sensitive体贴的,体恤的,善解人意的,感觉敏锐的;gloomy黑暗的,沮丧的,阴郁的。由转折对比提示词Although(尽管)可知C符合句意。

9.单选题

Beneathitsmyriadrules,thefundamentalpurposeof(

)istomaketheworldapleasanterplacetoliveinandyouamorepleasantpersontolivewith.

问题1选项

A.elitism

B.eloquence

C.eminence

D.etiquette

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意:在无数的规则下,雄辩最根本的目的是为了让这个世界成为更美好的地方,你成为更好相处的人。

elitism精英主义;杰出人物统治论。eloquence口才;雄辩;雄辩术;修辞。eminence显赫;卓越;高处。etiquette显赫;卓越;尚处。

10.单选题

Hewassomeanthathecouldn’tbearto(

)thesmallestsumofmoneyforthecharityappeal.

问题1选项

A.partwith

B.givein

C.payoff

D.letout

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。partwith意为“放弃,失去,割舍”;givein意为“屈服”;payoff意为“付清”;letout意为“出租,放出,发出”。

句意:他如此吝啬以至于不能忍受为慈善割舍一点点钱。

11.单选题

Idon’tmindabitifyoubringyourfriendsinforadrink,butitisrathertoomuchwhentenpeoplearrive()fordinner.

问题1选项

A.unusually

B.excessively

C.consequently

D.unexpectedly

【答案】D

【解析】副词词义辨析。unexpectedly“出乎意料地”;unusually“显著地”;excessively“过分地”;consequently“从而”。句意:我不介意你带你的朋友来喝杯茶,但是当十个人出乎意料地来家里吃晚饭时就有点太多了。

12.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChineseontheANSWERSHEET.

Needamoodboost,butdon’thavetimetohitthegreatoutdoors?Trythenextbestthingandturnonanaturedocumentary.

41.Arecentstudyhasfoundthatturningintonaturedocumentariescanhaveanimmediateimpactonincreasinghappinessandreducingoverallstress.ThestudywascommissionedbytheBBCtomarkthelaunchofitsnewcritically-acclaimednatureseries“PlanetEarthII”.

Whilenatureprogramminghaslongbeenfoundtobringsmilestopeople’sfaces,theBBCwascurioustounderstandmoreabouttheconnectionbetweenthetwo.Tohelpgaugewhatexactlyishappeningwhilewewatchthesescenes,thenetworkpartneredwithProfessorDacherKeltner,whostudiesthescienceofemotionattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,andatechnologystartupcalledCrowdEmotion.

Usingspecialfacialrecognitionsoftwarefedbywebcams,theresearchteamanalyzedtheexpressionsinreal-timeof7,500participantsfromtheU.S.,UTC,SouthAfricaandAustralia.Beforeandafterwatchingclipsfromtheseries,thevolunteerswerealsoaskedtocompleteshortsurveysontheiremotionalwell-being.

42.Accordingtothestudyresults,thoseengagedinwatchingnatureprogramminghadsignificantincreasesinfeelingsofawe,amazement,wonder,curiosity,interestandwantingtoexplore.Conversely,feelingsofnervousness,anxiety,fear,andlowenergyweresignificantlylowered.

“TheshiftsinemotiondemonstratedintheBBCstudyasaresultofwatchingthispowerfulnaturalhistoryseriesaresignificantasweknowthatwonderandcontentmentarethefoundationsofhumanhappiness,”ProfessorKeltnersaidinastatement.“Ifpeopleexperiencefeelingsofawe,theyaremorelikelytodisplayempatheticandcharitablebehaviorsandhavebeenshowntobebetterabletohandlestress.”

Inadditiontothenewpaper,Keltneralsoconductedareviewof150scientificstudiesthatpreviouslyexploredtherelationshipsbetweenemotionandnature.43.Theoverallconsensuswasthatexposuretonature,whetherfirst-handorthroughprogramming,decreasesstress,increasescalm,andimprovescognitiveperformance.

【答案】41.最新的一项研究发现,观看自然纪录片对增加幸福感和减少整体压力有立竿见影的效果。

42.研究结果显示,那些观看自然节目的人,敬畏、惊讶、好奇、兴趣和探索欲望等方面的感觉显著增加。

43.整体的共识是,无论是直接接触大自然,还是通过电视节目,都能减少压力、增加冷静、提高认知能力。

13.单选题

Withprice()somuch,it’shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.

问题1选项

A.fluctuating

B.waving

C.swinging

D.vibrating

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。fluctuate“使波动,使动摇,涨落”;wave“挥手,挥舞”;swing“摇摆,旋转”;vibrate“使振动,使颤动”。句意:由于价格波动大,所以这家公司很难做出预算计划。A项符合题意。

14.单选题

Inselectingamaterialtheengineer’sinterestisinitspropertieswhichdeterminehowitwillperformundertheloadsandcondition(

)itissubject.

问题1选项

A.where

B.which

C.inwhich

D.towhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。由固定搭配“besubjectto”可知此处将介词提前,因此选D。

句意:在选择材料时,工程师感兴趣的是材料在遭受负荷或者某种状况时所表现出来的特性。

15.单选题

()theincreaseinthenumberofcomputersinouroffices,theamountofpaperthatweneedhasrisenaswell.

问题1选项

A.Alongwith

B.Altogether

C.Although

D.Allalong

【答案】A

【解析】alongwith随同...…一起;altogether完全,总而言之;although尽管,虽然;allalong始终,一直。句意:随着我们办公室电脑数量的增加,我们需要的纸的数量也增加了。选项A符合句意。

16.单选题

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.

Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglakesofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

1.Howhassciencedoneadisservicetomankind?

2.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

3.WhatdoesFDAmean?

4.Theword“carcinogenic”meansmostnearlythesameas().

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.Becauseofscience,diseasecausedbycontaminatedfoodhasbeenvirtuallyeradicated.

B.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

C.Asaresultofscientificintervention,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtoourfood.

D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

问题2选项

A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

问题3选项

A.FoodDirectAdditives.

B.FinalDifficultAnalysis.

C.FoodandDrugAdministration.

D.FederalDiaryAdditives.

问题4选项

A.trouble-making

B.color-retaining

C.money-making

D.cancer-causing

问题5选项

A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreason.

B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.

C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialhazardsoffoodadditivesforover35years.

D.Foodmaycause40%ofcancerintheworld.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第一段Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.(虽然科学已取得巨大进展,使许多食物更适合食用,但与此同时,它也使许多食物不宜食用。)也就是说很多添加剂式的食物容易导致一些疾病,因此C选项“由于科学的干预,一些潜在的有害物质被添加到我们的食物中。”正确。A选项“由于科学的发展,由受污染的食物引起的疾病实际上已经被根除了。”和题干提问并不符合;B选项“它导致了关于食物价值的信息的缺乏。”这个不是原文的观点;D选项“科学家们保存了肉的颜色,却没有保存蔬菜的颜色。”与题干不符。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats(1945年,政府部门的研究人员认识到,用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌)因此B选项“它们能保持肉的颜色”正确。A选项“它们能保存包装食品的风味。”不是保存风味;C选项“它们是研究的对象”,与原文不符;D选项“它们使动物变得更胖”与原文不符。

3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一句话ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.(尽管食品和药物管理局(FAD)多次试图控制这些程序,但这种做法仍在继续。)因此C选项“食品和药物管理局”正确。A选项“食物直接添加剂”;B选项“最终困难分析”;D选项“联邦乳品添加剂”都不正确。

4.语义推测题。根据关键词定位到commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood(用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。然而,这些致癌添加剂仍然存在于我们的食品中。)因此可以得出这些物质都是致癌的,因此D选项“致癌的”正确。A选项“制造麻烦的”;B选项“护色的”;C选项“赚钱的”都不正确。

5.事实细节题。A选项“由于医学原因,药物总是给动物服用”在原文的最后一段Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.(有时让动物服用这类药物并不是为了治病,而是为了经济上的原因。)因此A选项不正确。B选项“我们食物中的一些添加剂是添加到食物本身,还有一些是给活的动物吃的。”在最后一段Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry(农民经常给牛肉和家禽注射青霉素);C选项“研究人员已经知道食品添加剂的潜在危害超过35年了。”在最后一段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.(1945年,政府部门的研究人员认识到,用于肉类保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。);D选项“食物可能会导致世界上40%的癌症”定位到第一段Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.(一些研究表明,大约80%的人类疾病与饮食有关,40%的癌症也与饮食有关,尤其是结肠癌。)

17.单选题

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

问题1选项

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attractive吸引人的,令人愉快的B.favorable给人好印象的(有好感)

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的,激励的,启发灵感的D.peaceful安静的,平静的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的,讨人喜欢的”,这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱,让人不自觉地被他吸引,attractive与之词义相近,因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗?他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔,都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗?

18.单选题

George(

)anagonizing48-hourwaitfortheresultsofthetests.

问题1选项

A.underwent

B.withstood

C.baked

D.grilled

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。underwent经验,遭遇;withstood抵挡,经得起;baked烘烤;grilled炙烤。

句意:George遭受了48小时的煎熬只为等待测试结果。选项A符合语境。

19.单选题

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

问题1选项

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项“直到”;B项“尽管”;C项“除非”;D项“似乎”;句意:允许孩子有发言的空间,尽管他们的意见和你自己的有所不同。因此选B。

20.单选题

Janehas()wontherespectofeveryoneinthefieldofdancebothforthesocietyandherself.

问题1选项

A.deservedly

B.exactly

C.despicably

D.diffusely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。deservedly“理所应当地”;exactly“恰好地”;despicably“可鄙地,卑劣地”;diffusely“广泛地,扩散地”。选项A符合题意,简理所应当赢得大家的尊重。

21.单选题

Horse-drawncoacheswereneitheracompetitivenoracomfortablealternativegiventhedeplorablestateofthenation’shighwaysandthoughbicycleswerepopularinbothtownandcountry,they,too,werehamperedbypoorroadsurfaces.

问题1选项

A.restrained

B.supported

C.favored

D.damaged

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。题干hampered“妨碍,阻止”。A项“阻止;约束”,B项“支持”,C项“喜爱,偏爱”,D项“损害;伤害”。因此选A。句意:考虑到国家公路状况糟糕,骑马教练既不是竞争者,也不是舒适的替代者,尽管自行车在城镇和乡村都广受欢迎,但它们也受到不良路面的阻碍。

22.单选题

TheCivilWarprovidedanimpetustoMichigan'sgrowth.

问题1选项

A.anincentiveto

B.anobstacleto

C.areasonfor

D.adelayin

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。animpetusto意为“推动,促进”;anincentiveto意为“刺激,激励”;anobstacleto意为“障碍”;areasonfor意为“理由,原因”;adelayin意为“延迟”。

句意:南北战争推动了密歇根州的发展。

23.填空题

Earthquakesarenaturalshakingswithintheearth’scrust.Theyshowthatcrustalmovementsarestilltaking(1)onourplanettoday,(2)ontheMoon,whichappearstohavenosuchactivity.Seismometersenablegeologiststo(3)theintensityofquakes.MuchofChinaisseismicallyactive,withthemost(4)recentearthquakehavingoccurredin2008,inSichuan(5).

【答案】place;unlike,measure;serious:province

【解析】句意:地震是地球地壳内的正常震动。他们发现地壳运动在我们今天的星球上仍在发生,不像月球上,貌似没有这样的运动。测振仪能够使地质学家测量震动的强度。中国大部分地区地质活跃,最近最严重(破坏力最大)的一次地震发生在2008年的四川。

1.固定搭配。takeplace发生。

2.语义题。句意:不像月球上,貌似没有这样的运动。故填unlike。

3.语义题。根据前面的seismometers(测振仪)推测此处填measure(测量)。

4.语义题。句意:中国大部分地区地质活跃,最近最严重的一次地震发生在2008年的四川。故填serious。

5.语义题。根据Sichuan推测此处填province。

24.单选题

In2004andagainin2006,womentoldpollstersthattheconcernsthatmotivatedthemtodecidewhetherandforwhomtovotewerecenteredonnontraditional“Women’sissues”.Womenarenotsingle-issuevoters,either.(1)Inreality,women’svotingpatternsindicatequitetheopposite.

Womenarenotmonolithicintheirattitudesabout,orvoteswithin,thepoliticalsystem.(2).Intheend,womenvotersaskthemselvestwocorequestionswhendecidingwhomtosupportforpresident:“DoIlikethatperson?”and“Isthatpersonlikeme?”Thefirstquestionistheclassic“livingroom”test.Thesecondisamorecomplexinquirythatprobeswhetherwomenbelieveacandidatecarsabout,values,confronts,andfeatshesamethingstheydo.

Partyloyaltytrumpsgender,asindicatedbyaJuly2007Newsweeksurvey,whichfoundthat88percentofmenand85percentofwomensaythatiftheirpartynominatedawomancandidatethattheywouldvoteforherifshewerequalifiedforthejob.(3):Only60percentofmenand56percentofwomenbelievethatthecountryisreadyforawomanpresident.Withregardtorace,votersarelesshesitanttovoteforaqualifiedAfrican-Americancandidateoftheirparty,as92percentofwhitesand93percentofnonwhitessaythattheywouldendorsesuchacandidate.(4):Only59percentofwhitevotersand58percentofnonwhitevotersbelievethatthecountrywouldelectablackpresident.

Whereasthecontestforpresidentisthemostwide-openindecades,onethingiscertain:(5).

问题1选项

A.Themedia’sfocusonthecontentiousonesmakesitseemasifwomenonlycareaboutoneissueonElectionDayandthatittakesspecialattentiontothatissuetocompelwomentovote

B.Traditionally,womenarethoughttogravitatemoretowardthe“SHE”clusterofissues,SocialSecurity,healthcare,andeducation,whilemenareconsideredmoreinterestedinthe“WE”issues,warandtheeconomy

C.Likegender,fewervotersdoubtthatthecountryisreadyforanAfrican-Americanpresident

D.Americansexpresslessenthusiasm,however,aboutthe“femalefactor”,whenitcomestohowtheyjudgetheirfellowcitizens

E.Women,astheyhavesince1980,willbeamajorityoftheelectoratethatdecideswhonextoccupiestheOvalOffice

F.Whenitcomestovoting,onewomanmightvoteforallDemocrats,anothermightvotestraight-ticketRepublican,whileathirdmighttakethesalad-barapproachtodecidehervote

问题2选项

A.Themedia’sfocusonthecontentiousonesmakesitseemasifwomenonlycareaboutoneissueonElectionDayandthatittake

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