材料学专业名词中英文对译

常见材料学专业名词中英文对译材料科学MaterialScience

铁及非铁金属Ferrous&NonFerrousMetal材料科学定义MaterialScienceDefinition

金属的特性FeaturesofMetal加工性能Machinability强度Strength抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion&resistancedurability金属特性Specialmetallicfeatures抗敏感及环境保护Allergic,re-cycling&environmentalprotection化学元素Chemicalelement元素的原子序数AtomofElements原子及固体物质Atomandsolidmaterial原子的组成、大小、体积和单位图表Thesize,mass,chargeofanatom,andisparticles(Pronton,NentronandElectron)原子的组织图AtomConstitutes周期表PeriodicTable原子键结AtomBonding金属与合金MetalandAlloy

晶体结构CrystalPattern晶体结构，定向格子及单位晶格Crystalstructure,Spacelattice&UnitcellX线结晶分析法X—aycrystalanalyicsmethod金属结晶格子Metalspacelattice格子常数Latticeconstant米勒指数Mill'sIndex金相及相律MetalPhaseandPhaseRule固熔体Solidsolution置换型固熔体Substitutionaltypesolidsolution插入型固熔体Interstitalsolidsolution金属间化物Intermetalliccompound金属变态Transformation变态点TransformationPoint磁性变态MagneticTransformation同素变态AllotropicTransformation合金平衡状态ThermalEquilibrium相律PhaseRule自由度Degreeoffreedom临界温度CriticaltempertureSpecificgravity&specificdensity共晶Eutectic比热SpecificHeat包晶温度PeritecticTemperature热膨胀系数包晶反应PeritecticReactionCoefficientofthermalexpansion包晶合金PeritecticAlloy导热度Heatconductivity亚共晶体HypoeuteticAlloy机械性能Mechanicalproperties过共晶体Hyper-ectecticAlloy屈服强度Yieldstrength金属塑性PlasticDeformation伸长度Elongation滑动面SlipPlan断面缩率Reductionofarea畸变Distortion金属材料的试验方法硬化WorkHardeningTheMethodofMetalinspection退火Annealing不破坏检验回复柔软CrystalRecoveryNon-destructiveinspections再结晶Recrystallization渗透探伤法Penetrateinspection金属材料的性能及试验磁粉探伤法Properties&testingofmetalMagneticparticleinspection化学性能ChemicalProperties放射线探伤法Radiographicinspection物理性能PhysicalProperties超声波探伤法Ultrasonicinspection颜色Colour显微观察法Microscopicinspection磁性比电阻Magnetisum破坏的检验DestructiveInspection冲击测试ImpactTest疲劳测试FatigueTestSpecificresistivity&specificresistance比重潜变测试CreepTest潜变强度CreepsStrength第壹潜变期PrimaryCreep主要金属元素之物理性质PhysicalpropertiesofmajorMetalElements转变元素Transitionelement交换能量Positiveenergyexchange夕卜价电子Outervalenceelectrons化学结合Chemicalbond钢铁的主要成份Themajorelementofsteel钢铁用"碳"之含量来分类ClassificationofSteelaccordingtoCarboncontents铁相SteelPhases钢铁的名称Nameofsteel纯铁体Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体Austenite珠光体及共释钢Pearlite&Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢AusteniteCarbonSteel单相金属SinglePhaseMetal共释变态EutectoidTransformation珠光体Pearlite过共释钢Hype-eutectoid珠光体Pearlite粗珠光体Coarsepearlite中珠光体Mediumpearlite幼珠光体Finepearlite磁性变态点MagneticTransformation钢铁的制造ManufacturingofSteel连续铸造法Continuouscastingprocess电炉Electricfurnace钢铁生产流程SteelProductionFlowChart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧TheCasting,Fogging,Extrusion,Rolling&Steel熔铸Casting锻造Fogging挤压Extrusion延轧Rolling冲剪Drawing&stamping特殊钢SpecialSteel简介General特殊钢以原素分类ClassificationofSpecialSteelaccordingtoElement特殊钢以用途来分类ClassificationofSpecialSteelaccordingtoEndUsageSulphuricFreeCuttingSteel硬化性能Hardenability钢的脆性BrittlenessofSteel低温脆性Coldbrittleness回火脆性Temperbrittleness材料的加工性能Drawingabillity硬度Hardness表面处理SurfacefinishEndusages,industrialstandard,quality,conditionandhardnessofcoldrolledsteelstrip硬度及拉力Hardness&Tensilestrengthtest拉伸测试（顺纹测试）Elongationtest曲面（假曲率）Camber防止生锈RustProtection生锈速度表Speedofrusting焊接Welding气焊GasWelding埋弧焊Submerged-arcWelding电阻焊ResistanceWelding电解/电镀锌大大增强钢片的防锈能力GalvanicActionimprovingWeather&CorrosionResistanceoftheBaseSteelSheet上漆能力PaintAdhesion电镀锌钢片的焊接WeldingofElectro-galvanizedsteelsheet点焊Spotwelding滚焊Seamwelding电镀锌（电解）钢片Electro-galvanizedSteelSheet生产流程ProductionFlowChart锌镀层质量ZincCoatingMass表面处理SurfaceTreatment冷轧钢片Cold-RolledSteelSheet/Strip热轧钢片Hot-RolledSheet/Strip电解冷轧钢片厚度公差ThicknessToleranceofElectrolyticCold-rolledsheet热轧钢片厚度公差ThicknessToleranceofHot-rolledsheet冷轧或热轧钢片阔度公差WidthToleranceofColdorHot-rolledsheet长度公差LengthTolerance

理论质量TheoreticalMass简介General硬度Hardness钢的种类TypeofSteel表面处理SurfaceFinish常用尺寸CommonlyUsedSize电器用硅［硅］钢片ElectricalSteelSheet软磁材料SoftMagneticMaterial硬磁材料HardMagneticMaterial最大能量积MaximumEnergyProduct晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented)GrainOriented&Non-Oriented电器用硅［硅］钢片的最终用途及规格EndUsageandDesignationsofElectricalSteelStrip电器用的硅［硅］钢片之分类ClassificationofSiliconSteelSheetforElectricalUse电器用钢片的绝缘涂层PerformanceofSurfaceInsulationof退火Annealing电器用钢片用家需自行应力退火原因AnnealingoftheElectricalSteelSheet退火时注意事项AnnealingPrecautionary提防过份氧化NoExcessiveOxidation应力退火温度StressrelievingAnnealingTemperature绝缘表面SurfaceInsulation镀铝硅合金钢片的特色FeatureofAluminizedSiliconAlloySteelSheet用途EndUsages抗化学品能力ChemicalResistance公差SizeTolerance焊接能力Weldability钢板SteelPlate钢板用途分类及各国钢板的工业标准包括日工标准及美材试标准ElectricalSteelSheetsTypeofsteelPlate&RelatedJIS,ASTMandOtherMajorIndustrialStandards钢板生产流程ProductionFlowChart钢板订货需知OrderingofSteelPlate不锈钢StainlessSteel不锈钢的定义DefinitionofStainlessSteel不锈钢之分类，耐腐蚀性及耐热性Classification,CorrosionResistant&HeatResistanceofStainlessSteel铁铭系不锈钢片ChromeStainlessSteel表面处理Surfacefinish不锈钢片机械性能(301,304,631,CSP)MechanicalPropertiesofSpringuseStainlessSteel不锈钢-种类，工业标准，化学成份，特点及主要用途StainlessSteel-Type,IndustrialStandard,ChemicalComposition,Characteristic&endusageofthemostcommonlyusedStainlessSteel不锈钢薄片用途例EndUsageofThinnerGauge不锈钢片、板用途例ExamplesofEndUsagesofStrip,Sheet&Plate不锈钢应力退火卷片常用规格名词图解GeneralSpecificationofTensionAnnealedStainlessSteelStrips耐热不锈钢Heat-ResistanceStainlessSteel镍铭系耐热不锈钢特性、化学成份、及操作温度Heat-ResistanceStainlessSteel铭系耐热钢ChromeHeatResistanceSteel镍铭耐热钢Ni-CrHeatResistanceSteel超耐热钢SpecialHeatResistanceSteel抗热超级合金HeatResistanceSuperAlloy边缘处理EdgeFinish硬度Hardness高碳钢化学成份及用途高碳钢片HighCarbonSteelStrip分类Classification用组织结构分类ClassificationAccordingtoGrainStructure用含碳量分类-即低碳钢、中碳钢及高碳车冈ClassificationAccordingtoCarbonContains弹簧用碳钢片CarbonSteelStripForSpringUse冷轧状态ColdRolledStrip回火状态AnnealedStrip淬火及回火状态Hardened&TemperedStrip/Precision-QuenchedSteelStrip贝氏体钢片BainiteSteelStrip弹簧用碳钢片材之边缘处理EdgeFinished淬火剂QuenchingMedia碳钢回火Tempering回火有低温回火及高温回火Low&HighTemperatureTempering高温回火HighTemperatureTempering退火Annealing完全退火FullAnnealing扩散退火DiffusionAnnealing低温退火LowTemperatureAnnealing中途退火ProcessAnnealing球化退火SpheroidizingAnnealing光辉退火BrightAnnealing淬火Quenching时间淬火TimeQuenching奥氏铁撮回火Austempering马氏铁体淬火Marquenching高碳钢片用途EndUsageofHighCarbonSteelStrip冷轧高碳钢-日本工业标准Cold-Rolled(SpecialSteel)CarbonSteelStriptoJISG3311电镀金属钢片PlateMetalStrip电镀金属捆片的优点AdvantageofUsingPlateMetalStrip金属捆片电镀层PlatedLayerofPlatedMetalStrip镀镍NickelPlated镀铭ChromePlated镀黄铜BrassPlated基层金属BaseMetalofPlatedMetalStrip低碳钢或铁基层金属Iron&LowCarbonasBaseMetal不锈钢基层金属StainlessSteelasBaseMetal铜基层金属CopperasBaseMetal黄铜基层金属BrassasBaseMetal轴承合金BearingAlloy易溶合金FusibleAlloy化学成份ChemicalComposition机械性能MechanicalProperties化学成份ChemicalcompositionManufacturingMethod应用材料MaterialUsed特点Characteristic用途EndUsages材料的类型Typesofmaterials,metals,ceramics,polymers,composites,elastomer部分材料性质复习Reviewofselectedpropertiesofmaterials,电导率和电阻率conductivityandresistivity,热导率thermalconductivity,应力和应变stressandstrain,弹性应变elasticstrain,塑性应变plasticstrain,屈服强度yieldstrength,最大抗拉强度ultimatetensilestrength,最大强度ultimatestrength,延展性ductility,伸长率elongation,断面收缩率reductionofarea,颈缩necking,断裂强度breakingstrength,韧性toughness,硬度hardness,疲劳强度fatiguestrength,蜂窝honeycomb,热脆性heatshortness,晶胞中的原子数atomspercell,点阵lattice,阵点latticepoint,点阵参数latticeparameter,密排六方hexagonalclose-packed,六方晶胞hexagonalunitcell,体心立方body-centeredcubic,面心立方face-centeredcubic,弥勒指数Millerindices,晶面crystalplane,晶系crystalsystem,晶向crystaldirection,相变机理PhaseElectricalSteelSheets成核生长相变nucleationgrowthtransition,斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition,有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition,马氏体相变martensitephasetransformation,成核nucleation,成核机理nucleationmechanism,成核势垒nucleationbarrier,晶核，结晶中心nucleusofcrystal,金属组织的）基体quay,基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,子晶，雏晶mattedcrystal,籽晶，晶种seedcrystal,籽晶取向seedorientation,籽晶生长seededgrowth,均质核化homogeneousnucleation,异质核化heterogeneousnucleation,均匀化热处理homogenizationheattreatment,熟料grog,自恰场self-consistentfield固溶体Solidsolution:有序固溶体orderedsolidsolution,无序固溶体disorderedsolidsolution,有序合金orderedalloy,无序合金disorderedalloy.无序点阵disorderedlattice,分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,分散剂dispersant,分散剂，添加剂dispersantadditive,分散剂，弥散剂dispersantagent缺陷defect,imperfection,点缺陷pointdefect,线缺陷linedefect,dislocation,面缺陷interfacedefect,surfacedefect,体缺陷volumedefect,位错排列dislocationarrangement,位错阵列dislocationarray,位错气团dislocationatmosphere,位错轴dislocationaxis,位错胞dislocationcell,位错爬移dislocationclimb,位错滑移dislocationslip,dislocationmovementbyslip,位错聚结dislocationcoalescence,位错核心能量dislocationcoreenergy,位错裂纹dislocationcrack,位错阻尼dislocationdamping,位错密度dislocationdensity,体积膨胀volumedilation,体积收缩volumeshrinkage,回火tempering,退火annealing,退火的，软化的softened,软化退火，软化（处理）softening,淬火quenching,淬火硬化quenchinghardening,正火normalizing,normalization,退火织构annealingtexture,人工时效artificialaging,细长t匕aspectratio,形变热处理ausforming,等温退火austempering,奥氏体austenite,奥氏体化austenitizing,贝氏体bainite,马氏体martensite,马氏体淬火marquench,马氏体退火martemper,马氏体时效钢maragingsteel,渗碳体cementite,固溶强化solidsolutionstrengthening,钢屑混凝土steelchipsconcrete,水玻璃，硅酸钠sodiumsilicate,水玻璃粘结剂sodiumsilicatebinder,硅酸钠类防水剂sodiumsilicatewaterproofingagent,扩散diffusion,扩散系数diffusivity,相变phasetransition,烧结sintering,固相反应solid-phasereaction,相图与相结构phasediagramsandphasestructures,相phase,组分component,自由度freedom,相平衡phaseequilibrium,吉布斯相律Gibbsphaserule,吉布斯自由能Gibbsfreeenergy,吉布斯混合能Gibbsenergyofmixing,吉布斯熵Gibbsentropy,吉布斯函数Gibbsfunction,相平衡phasebalance,相界phaseboundary,相界线phaseboundaryline,相界交联phaseboundarycrosslinking,相界有限交联phaseboundarycrosslinking,相界反应phaseboundaryreaction,相变phasechange,相