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Structure
&Functionof
Normal
Skin冏䐚峚曐岰擿䵦㩮㢁朩TopicsSkin
components峚曐䟲㓟
Role
of
skin峚曐岰㔾孔
Epidermal
structures溔峚擿䵦Hair
follicle
unit切㲬㤷㔯
The
dermis嵋峚PrincipalFeaturesof
CanineSkin壘峚曐岰㷜䴎墥䕣EpidermisDermis嵋峚Connective
tissue擿敀擰擳Follicle
unit切㲬㤷㔯Glands枦㔵Vascular
tissue湬懍擰擳Nervous
tissue徊擻擰擳Sensors䜁濵㱊䅺Panniculusadiposus朮曖柈Coat切Sweat
劃Sebum峚朮Cor
濾獔䈤Proliferation㺀凂
Nutrition橑㝝
Metabolism㓅牎
Immunity㜯寗Skin
surfaceThe
Cutaneous
峚曐䖐姛㹥MicroenvironmentThe
Skin
&Bodily
HealthMegaderm
Inc.25%InputOutputCanine
SEM
dorsal
trunkskin;
freeze
driedCanineSEM
Abdominalskin;freeze
driedCanineSEMAbdominalfollicleinfundibulum;孡箈㆙枥眔切㲬唻䭹㤜freezedriedTraumaticdamage
tocuticular
cellNormal
Canine
HairTrouble
with
Sebum峚朮䓤䐚Structure
ofthe
epidermis溔峚擿䵦Intercellular
lamellaKeratohyalin
granulespromote
aggregationofkeratin㖥瘇濾獔捌暆糲Lamellar
granulelipid
&
enzymes
intercellular
spacesform
outer
layer
ofcornified
cell
envelope
&intercellular
lamellaeimportant
barrier
functionDesmosome云抾Hemidesmosome㤬云抾Structure
of
the
canine
epidermis壘溔峚擿䵦Living
epidermis泟忋蠌癒general
body
surface3-6
cell
layers8-12
mthickStratum
cor
襶賌實general
body
surface儌蹏蠌霆45-52
cell
layers繪肂實12-15
m
thick㥼Paraffinsection
ofhumanepidermiswith‘basket-weave’stratumcor戚敽壢濾獔䈤岰㒜溔峚帟浍㟩塳Cryosectionof
humanepidermis.Methyleneblue
stain㒜溔峚㑼孞㷜㝒䶵梞岰㞒㞝㟩塳Cells
of
the
Epidermis
–1
溔峚岰擲朊-1
Keratinocyte濾獔䕄䟲擲朊––––––Cells
of
the
Epidermis
-2Resident
epidermal
dendritic
cells,䐚肧溔峚岰丽悭壢擲朊–––Other
cells-not
residents-including:㝘㒸擲朊-綊䐚肧Cellular
structure
of
the
epidermisFrom
Lloyd
&
Pa .
BSAVA
Manual
of
Small
Animal
Dermatology.
2nd
Edition,
2002.Epidermal
Dendritic
Cells溔峚丽悭壢擲朊Langerhans’
cellsMelanocytes蓽捌擲朊Melanocyte
in
basal
layertransfers
melanosomes
fromtips
of
dendrites
to
a
group
ofadjacent
keratinocytesNote
spelling
-
s’The
Hair
Follicle
Unit切㲬㤷㔯The
Hair
Follicle
Unit切㲬㤷㔯Simple
hair
follicles-horses,
cattle,man憬㤷切㲬-肘Â墇Â㒜Compound
hair
follicles-cat,dog,sheep㻯㧪切㲬-套Â壘Â攡斶Hairs
&
Coat
Type切㦳㩮滗切抧㵭Coat
type
depends
largely
on滗切抧㵭㐝澭㕿玂Normal
coats-GSD,wildcanidae䐚濰滗切-䖙墓▎矺夃Short
coats帙切Hairs
&
Coat
TypeCoat
density滗切䆨䒈Cats套Growth
rates孋箫癋䒈The
hair
follicle
unit
and
follicular
adnexaeFrom
Lloyd
&
Pa.
BSAVA
Manual
of
Small
Animal
Dermatology.
2nd
Edition,
2002.Structural
components
of
a
hair
follicleFrom
Lloyd
&
Pa .
BSAVA
Manual
of
Small
AnimalDermatology.
2nd
Edition,
2002.HOInnDermauteierr
ralrrootoopatspishehellaathath••••
BCMbleuteolduloowicdlelsais-u-tcphmsepollllisyusd,
inta-t
erno-Hairklooecorrkatm,twinvatriiatishcauhtoxioalairnt,eccudleticalre••
HAtabuxleyoisvtehmd’sisustlaalyl-yer
-1-3••
tClayricortiehnrinelsexemmr&-
caoolrunteifierdroot•
Hckseeherllenlasatein±thyips’ssigat&lmiaoyenhenartir-
1••
CAlayboveuteirc,laenis-utcchmoleranustifeie-d“ntoilerms”a,
lckoevreartinsuisrafatiocenBasementmembrane
zone㷜䑷柈㤜Surrounds
outer
rootsheath㻸㣧㻸乥緄Includes
the
glassymembrane
&
fibrous
rootsheath㣧㨍姧媯柈㩮擐攠乥緄Hair
Growth切㦳孋箫Growth
cycle孋箫㩊䴁–––Modified
by
systemic
factors
&
receptor
status㦹㠒㝊瓗㳂捌㩮㦹㔵壢䗣岰䕓㪯The
hair
cycleFrom
Lloyd
&
Pa .
BSAVAManual
of
Small
AnimalDermatology.
2ndEdition,2002.Specialised
hairs墥冶切㦳Tylotrich㳨㼖切Sinus
(Vibrissae)惒▊瀒级▋Delivery
of
sebum
to
the
epidermis峚朮㧳溔峚岰疿瘭Cryosection
of
bovine
skinHair
follicle
c切㲬懍Sebaceousgland
duct峚朮枦懍Epidermis溔峚SEM
Bovine
skin
surface,
freeze
driedSEM
of
critical
point
dried
bovine
epidermisSEM
of
freeze
dried
canine
skinSkinSurfaceLipidEquine
cryo-SEM
trunk
skinBovine
skinstained
withSudan
&haematoxylin
-Frozen
sectionLipid,
Epidermal
Cells
and
Surface
Damage
朮獔▎溔峚擲朊㩮溔綎䥁㔆
Bovine
skincryosectionshowingether
washedepidermis㐻矆千痳岰墇溔峚㞒㞝㟩塳to
infection㑕Effect
of
cream
on枻岰䡹䜁䶵䬪㡽2
groups
of
mice㐆擰䇱蕌Percentage
lesional
area
calculated
foreach
site燍懃寱㦺綎怛岪㟨刀Effect
of
cream
onto
infectionConclusion:
cream
can
increase
skin
susceptibility
to
infection擿燦◎㑕枻朩䦲脄峚曐岰䯵䜁䘉Frozen
sectionCanine
skin
stained
with
Sudan
&
haematoxylin
-壘峚曐棻㐛㩮棻䴊拪䶵梞-㞝䑔㟩塳Scaling
-
a
keratinisation
problem杝峚-ㄦ忹濾㣸簚组Large
scales
in
the
coatof
an
Irish
setter塝䇶㝒率墥切㦳㆘岰㼉峚䈳The
Adnexal
Glands籰䉀枦㔵Sebaceous峚朮枦Functions㢁朩The
Adnexal
Glands籰䉀枦㔵Sweat劃枦Functions㢁朩Secretory
activity㟨勸卧䘉Sweat
&
sebum
basically
the
same劃㩮峚朮䴎獔崤㧮Sebum峚朮Sweat
Production劃叞岰㠘癌In
Cat,Dog,Cow,Sheep
&
Goat套Â壘Â㽘墇Â攡斶㩮䉓斶In
Cat
footpad,Humans
&
Horses套杆㶍Â㒜㩮肘Bovine
cutaneousmoisturevaporisation
墇峚曐岰櫤㦳咫䒈(McLean,1963)Condensation
of
water
vapour
in
the
coat
of
a
calf
exposed
to
40oC
at
80%RH㴊40䨦刻䒈▎80%崤䇛咫䒈岰墇切㆘岰剠㓟櫤助㞿糲Bovine
sweat
gland
stained
withfluorescent
antibody
to
solublesurface
protein墇劃枦岰榓㜫䡹㔵䶵梞Sweat
containssubstantial
amounts
ofprotein
which
skinsurface
&
can
bedemonstrated
in
thestratum
cor
劃叞㨍䳫㼉矻泷岩峚曐溔綎䑘咫叒濾獔䈤Cryosection
of
bovineepidermis
stained
withSudan
&
haemalum墇溔峚棻㐛㩮棻䴊拪䶵梞Stratum
corCryosection
of
bovineskin
stained
for
IgG墇峚曐IgG䶵梞Cryosection
ofcanine
skin
stainedfor
IgM壘峚曐䇛IgM䶵梞Complement
C3Cryosection
ofcanine
skinstained
for
IgA壘峚曐岰IgA䶵梞IgA
is
present
only
in
the
sweat
glandsIgA㧌㴊劃枦㐏䄺㴊Feline
M.
canisinfection套岰壘䇱䅄䄲槸䜁䶵Destruction
&
fragmentationof
hair
shaft
fomites切䑔䮏滮劍䶵墕Cell
mediated
immunity-e.g.dermatophytosis
擲朊㒭䇞㜯寗-㽤◎岏槸寱Feline
M.
canis
infectionNeutrophils
within
afollicle
surrounding
aninfected
hair切㲬㐏㮾
㐏擲朊㣧㳖䜁䶵切㦳
Dermatophytosis:activation
of
theimmune
response岏槸寱◎嗬卧㜯寗㦯䑶Fungus
has
invadedhairs(cor )嵋槸㖗㝇切㦳▊濾獔▋APCs
acquire
&
processantigen䡹㦁瘾㨪擲朊槣㦸䑘瘾㨪䡹㦁Activation
of
T-helpercells–promote嗬卧T疱㢋擲朊-㖥瘇clonal㜭粲㺀凂proliferationmast
cell
action,mediator
release曑㼉擲朊嗬卧矶䬠㒭獔DTH瘋㦳㵭玱䬱㦯䑶
Phagocytes
releasefungicidal
products㨀㱎擲朊矶䬠嵋槸㒉墕Involvement
ofLangerhans’
cells&keratinocytes?Components
of
the
dermoepidermal
junctionFrom
Lloyd
&
Pa .
BSAVA
Manual
of
Small
Animal
Dermatology.
2nd
Edition,
2002.(7)(4)*(4)*CollagenThe
Dermis嵋峚The
Dermis–1嵋峚-1Thermoregulatory圙爯梮Body
waterstorage㚊䄺瓗㔵剠㓟Majorstructural
component
of
skin峚曐岰㐝澭擿䵦––––SEM:Collagen
fibres
in
the
bovine
dermis墇嵋峚岰朢㦁擐攠Canine
skin
section.Silver
stain
showingcollagen
bundles
&fibres壘峚曐㟩塳◎笢䶵梞岰朢㦁䵁㩮擐攠Canine
skin
section.showing
collagenbundles(blue-green)&elastic
fibres(purple)壘峚曐㟩塳Ã朢㦁䵁▊欉攫梞▋㩮䔛㡽擐攠▊捗梞▋High
power
image
ofcollagen
bundles(blue-green)&elasticfibres(purple)脄㗯箈㆙朢㦁䵁▊欉攫▋㩮䔛
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