考研考博-英语-云南国土资源职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南国土资源职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

AsweepingreviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramhasconcludedthattheagencyhasanunsustainableandunsafestrategythatwillpreventtheUnitedStatesfromachievingahumanlandingonMarsintheforeseeablefuture.

The286NationalResearchCouncil(NRC)reportsaysthattocontinueonthepresentcourseunderbudgetsthatdon’tkeeppacewithinflation“istoinvitefailure,disillusionment,andthelossofthelongstandinginternationalperceptionthathumanspaceflightissomethingtheUnitedStatesdoesbest.”

Amajorargumentagainstreturningtothemoonwasthatitdidn’tpencilout一thattherewasn’tnearlyenoughmoneydedicatedtotheprogram.IfthegoalisahumanlandingonMars,thecurrentstrategywon’twork.

“Absentaveryfundamentalchangeinthenation’swayofdoingbusiness,itisnotrealistictobelievethatwecanachievetheconsensusgoalofreachingMars,”MitchDaniels,theformerIndianagovernorandco-chairofthecommittee,saidWednesdaymorninginaninterview.

A2009committeeappointedbyObamaurgedNASAtokeepitsoptionsopenwhileinvestinginspaceflighttechnologyandlettingthecommercialsectorhandleroutinetripstolowEarthorbit.ButtheNRCreviewersarguethatNASAanditsinternationalpartnersshouldfocusonthe“horizongoal”ofMarsanddowhateverittakestogetthere,stepbystep,avoidingchangesinstrategicdirection.

NASAofficials,awarethatcriticsseetheagencyasadrift,saytheyhavealreadybeenmovinginthedirectionadvocatedbytheNRC.TheirstrategytargetsMars,justastheNRCreportnowdemands,theysay.“AllthisworkwilleventuallyenableastronautmissionstoMars，”NASAAdministratorCharlesBoldensaidinarecentNASAwhitepaper.

“NASA’sbeendoingsomework,andhasbeendoingsomethinkingoverthelastsixmonths,that

isinalignmentwithwhattheNRCsaysthetop-levelgoalsare，”saidGregWilliams,aNASAdeputyassociateadministrator.

ButWilliamswascooltothesuggestionofareturntothemoon,sayingtheairlessmoonofferslittlehelpindevelopingthekindofdescentandlandingtechniquesneededonMars,whichhasathin,troublesomeatmosphere.

TheNRCcommitteeprobedthephilosophicalquestionofwhywesendpeopleintospacetobeginwith.Thecommitteeconcludedthatthepurelypractical,economicbenefitsofhumanspaceflightdonotjustifythecostsbutthattheaspirationalnatureoftheendeavormaymakeitworththeeffort.

1.ThereviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramisdescribedas（

）.

2.TheNationalResearchCouncilreportimpliesthat

（

）.

3.AccordingtoMitchDaniels,reachingMars

（

）.

4.A2009committeeappointedbyObamaarguedthatNASAshould

（

）.

5.NASAiscriticizedfor

（

）.

6.TheNRCcommitteeclaimedthatspaceflight（

）.

问题1选项

A.timely

B.extensive

C.critical

D.notable

问题2选项

A.theU.S.playsaleadingroleinspaceflight

B.internationalcooperationrequiresmorebudget

C.theprogram’schancesofsuccessareslim

D.thepublicneedtogivemoresupporttotheprogram

问题3选项

A.lacksfundingfromthebusinessworld

B.isaprojectthathasmadegreatachievements

C.isagenerallyacceptedobjective

D.willchangethecountryinvariousways

问题4选项

A.becomemorecommercialized

B.paymoreattentiontolow-Earth-orbitprojects

C.becomemorerealisticwithitsstrategies

D.makemoreeffortsindifferentspaceprograms

问题5选项

A.lackingconsistentgoals

B.beingoverambitious

C.demandingtoomuchfund

D.havinglow-qualitystaff

问题6选项

A.deservesdevotion

B.bringseconomicbenefits

C.wouldhaveanuncertainfuture

D.shouldusethetechniquesofmoon-landing

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第一段。根据“AsweepingreviewofNASA’shumanspaceflightprogramhasconcludedthattheagencyhasanunsustainableandunsafestrategythatwillpreventtheUnitedStatesfromachievingahumanlandingonMarsintheforeseeablefuture.（对美国宇航局载人航天计划的全面审查得出结论，该机构有一个不可持续和不安全的战略，将阻止美国在可预见的未来实现人类登陆火星。）”，即可得出本题答案。

2.细节推理题。根据题干关键词“TheNationalResearchCouncil”,可将信息点定位至原文第二段。根据“humanspaceflightissomethingtheUnitedStatesdoesbest（人类太空飞行是美国做得最好的事情）”,即可得出本题答案。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“MitchDaniels”,可将信息点定位至原文第四段。根据“Absentaveryfundamentalchangeinthenation’swayofdoingbusiness,itisnotrealistictobelievethatwecanachievetheconsensusgoalofreachingMars（目前国家在做事的方式上缺少根本性的改变，(而一味地)认为我们可以完成到达火星这一大家共识的目标是不现实的。）”,即可得出本题答案。

4.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第五段，根据“tokeepitsoptionsopenwhileinvestinginspaceflighttechnologyandlettingthecommercialsectorhandleroutinetripstolowEarthorbit（在投资航天技术和让商业部门处理常规近地轨道旅行的同时，保持其选择的开放性）”,即可得出本题答案。

5.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第五段。根据“…shouldfocusonthe“horizongoal”ofMars（航天局应该专注于在火星项目范围内的目标）”，即可进行合理推断，从而得出本题答案。

6.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段。根据“theaspirationalnatureoftheendeavormaymakeitworththeeffort（努力的渴望性质可能使其值得付出努力）”，即可得出本题答案。

2.单选题

Whileit’struethattechniquesofactivelisteningcan（）thevalueoflecture,fewstudentspossesssuchskillsatthebeginningoftheircollegecareers.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.enlarge

C.access

D.exaggerate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance“提高，加强，增加”；enlarge“扩大，增大”；access“使用；存取；接近”；exaggerate“夸张”。句意：积极倾听能够提高演讲的价值，但是很少有大学生在入学之初就有这样的技能。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

ForyearsshehadreadTheWallStreetJournaleverymorninginhopesoffindingprescientwarningsaboutfuturecrashes,crises,andcatastrophes.

问题1选项

A.predictive

B.omniscient

C.unconscionable

D.conscientious

【答案】A

【解析】划线词修饰的warningsaboutfuturecrashes,crisis,andcatastrophes，对于未发生事件的警告信息应表示“预知的，预测的”。A选项predictive“预言性的”符合题意。B选项omniscient“全知的，无所不知的”；C选项unconscionable“不合理的；昧着良心的”；D选项conscientious“认真的；本着良心的”。

4.填空题

Directions:BlowispassagefromaguidegivingadvicetoforeignnationalslivinginBritain.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesonANSWEERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

LosingyourpassportIfsomethinghashappenedtoyourpassport,informyourembassyatonceandaskthemtotellyouallthedocumentsthatyouwillneedtoproducetobe(Example)withanewone.Thisismostimportantbecausesomeembassiesrequireextensivedocumentaryproofofnationality,aswellasproofofidentity,suchasdrivinglicense,orcreditcards.Sotakecarethatyouarenotwastingtimeandmoneywhenyoucanleast66either.Ifyourpassporthasbeenlostorstolen,yourembassywillwantyoutoreporttheincidenttothepoliceassoonaspossible.Whenyoudoso,askforthepolicereferencenumberofyourcaseasmanyoftheembassiesfindthisusefulinfollowingupyour67__.

Similarly,takeyourpassportnumberwithyoutotheembassy,asthiswillaccelerateyourcase.Thesizeandnumberofthephotographsthatyouwillneedwill68onyourembassy,andsomemayevenrecommendaphotographer,Youshouldalsoconfirmwithembassyofficialshowmuchyouwillhavetopayandalsoinwhat69itistobepaid.

Someoftheembassiesarepreparedtoissueon-the-spotemergencypassports,requiringnomorethanyouroathtoclaimyour70__,butasaprecautionyoushouldinvestigatetherequirementsbeforeyouareactuallyforcedtomakeanemergencyrequest.

【答案】66.afford

67.claim

68.depend

69.currency

70.identity

【解析】66.从前面的情态动词can可知，此处应该填入一个动词；根据…takecarethatyouarenotwastingtimeandmoney（注意不要浪费时间和金钱）得出，这里应该填入一个可以和time和money搭配的动词，因此afford最合适，表示“给予，提供，买得起”。

67.此处应该填入一个名词；根据…askforthepolicereferencenumberofyourcaseasmanyoftheembassiesfindthisusefulinfollowingupyour…（向警方询问你的案件编号，因为许多大使馆发现这对跟进你的……很有帮助）得出，这里应该填入表示“需求”的单词，因此claim最合适，表示“要求”。

68.此处应该填入一个动词；根据Thesizeandnumberofthephotographsthatyouwillneedwill…onyourembassy,andsomemayevenrecommendaphotographer（你需要的照片的大小和数量将……你的大使馆，有些大使馆甚至会推荐一个摄影师）得出，这里应该填入表示“取决于”的动词，因此depend最合适，构成短语dependon（取决于）。

69.此处应该填入一个名词；根据Youshouldalsoconfirmwithembassyofficialshowmuchyouwillhavetopayandalsoinwhat…itistobepaid（你还应该向大使馆官员确认你需要支付多少钱，以及以……支付）得出，这里应该是表示货币形式，因此currency正确。

70.此处应该填入一个名词；整篇文章都在讲述办理护照的一个关键是对自己身份的证明，那么根据Someoftheembassiesarepreparedtoissueon-the-spotemergencypassports,requiringnomorethanyouroathtoclaimyour…（有些大使馆准备在紧急情况下签发现场护照，只需要你对……进行宣誓就可以领取）得出，这里应该是填入“身份”，因此identity正确。

5.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.

1.Uponlearningofthisculturalpreference,Hallmarkreactedquickly.EventhoughChineseandJapanesedescendantsofRomeoandJulietarenowabletobuygreetingcardsintheirnativelanguage,HallmarkhasmadesurethesupplyofgreetingcardsinEnglishisplentiful.Thus,theircustomerscanachievebothadisplayoftheirhipcosmopolitanflair,whilealsosendingtheirsweetiethatall-importantmessageofloveatthesametime.

2.Englishasalinguafrancaisnothingmorethanausefultool:itisa“languageforcommunication”,amediumthatisgivensubstancewiththedifferentnational,regional,localandindividualculturalidentitiesitsspeakersbringtoit.Englishitselfdoesnotcarrysuchidentities,anditisnota“languageforidentification”.AndbecauseofthevarietyoffunctionalusesofglobalEnglish,Englishhasalsoagreatpotentialforpromotinginternationalunderstanding.Itsdifferentspeakersmustalwaysworkoutacommonbehaviouralandinterculturalbasis.

【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后，霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡，但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样，他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光，同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。

2.作为一种通用语，英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”，是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份，它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且，由于全球英语功能用法的多样性，英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。

6.单选题

Neitherofthesereasons（

）ourallowinghimtopassafterhedidsopoorlyinthephysicsexamination.

问题1选项

A.rectifies

B.notifies

C.signifies

D.justifies

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。rectify意为“改正，校正”；notify意为“通报，通知”；signify意为“说明，预示，表达”；justify意为“证明……正确(或正当、有理)，为……辩护”。

句意：他在物理考试中表现这么差之后，这两个原因都不是我们允许他通过的理由。

7.单选题

Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.AstheLancetputitrecently:“Whenwetrytodescribefacespreciselywordsfailus,andweresorttoidentikit(拼脸型图)procedures.”

Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendousfeat,though,curiouslyenough,relativelylittleattentionhasbeendevotedtothefundamentalproblemsofhowandwhyweacquirethisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.Isitaninbornpropertyofourbrains,oranacquiredone?Assooftenhappens,theexpertstendtodiffer.

Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.Insupportofthisthesetheynotehowmuchbetterweareatrecognizingafaceafterasingleencounterthanweare,forexample,inrecognizinganindividualhorse.Ontheotherhand,therearethose,andtheyareprobablyinthemajority,whoclaimthatthegiftisanacquiredone.

Theargumentsinfavorofthislatterview,itmustbeconfessed,areimpressive.Itisahabitthatisacquiredsoonafterbirth.Watch,forinstance,howaquiteyoungbabyrecognizeshismemberbysight.Grantedthathisothersenseshelp-thesoundothervoice,hissenseofsmell,thedistinctivewayshehandleshim.

Butofallthese,sightispredominant.Formedattheverybeginningoflife,theabilitytorecognizefacesquicklybecomesanestablishedhabit,andonethatis,essentialfordailyliving,ifnotnecessarilyforsurvival.Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.

Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.Withtypicalhumaningenuitymanyoftheseunfortunatepeopleovercometheirhandicapbyrecognizingothercharacteristicfeatures.

1.Itisstatedinthepassagethat（）.

2.Whattheauthorfeelsstrangeaboutisthat（）.

3.Whatisthefirstsuggestedexplanationoftheoriginoftheability?

4.Accordingtothepassage,howimportantistheabilitytorecognizefaces?

5.Thispassageseemstoemphasizethat（）.

问题1选项

A.itisunusualforapersontobeabletoidentifyafacesatisfactorily

B.theabilitytorecognizefacesunhesitatinglyisanunusualgift

C.quitafewpeoplecanvisualizefacestheyhaveseen

D.fewpeoplecangiveexactdetailsoftheappearanceofaface

问题2选项

A.peoplehavethetremendousabilitytorecognizemorethan1,000faces

B.peopledon’tthinkmuchoftheproblemofhowandwhyweacquiretheabilitytorecognizeandrememberfaces

C.peopledon’trealizehowessentialandvaluableitisforthemtohavetheabilitytorecognizefaces

D.peoplehavebeenarguingmuchoverthewaypeoplerecognizeandremember

问题3选项

A.Itisoneofthecharacteristicspeculiartohumanbeings.

B.Itisacquiredsoonafterbirth.

C.Itissomethingwecandofromtheverymomentweareborn.

D.Itislearnedfromourenvironmentandexperiences.

问题4选项

A.Itisusefulindailylifebutisnotnecessarilyessential.

B.Itsabsencewouldmakenormaleverydaylifeimpossible.

C.Undercertaincircumstanceswecouldnotexistwithoutit.

D.Normalsociallifewouldbedifficultwithoutit.

问题5选项

A.theabilitytorecognizeindividualsisdependentonothersensesaswellassight

B.sightisindispensabletorecognizingindividuals

C.theabilitytorecognizefacesisaspecialinbornabilityofthebrain

D.theimportanceoftheabilityofrecognizingfacesisfullyappreciatedbypeople

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据选项和题干关键词定位到第一段第一句Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.（能准确地描述一个人的面容这种天赋是很罕见的，每一个有经验的警官都知道这一点。）因此D选项“很少有人能给出一张脸的外貌的确切细节”正确。A选项“一个人能令人满意地辨认人脸是不寻常的”不够准确；B选项“毫不犹豫地识别面孔的能力是一种不寻常的天赋”是推断出来的，而不是文章直接的陈述；C选项“有些人能想象他们所见过的面孔”不是原文所提到的。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段的第二句This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendous...thisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.（然而，奇怪的是，对于我们是如何以及为什么会有这种识别和记忆面孔的天赋这一基本问题，却鲜有人关注。）因此B选项“人们很少思考我们是如何以及为什么获得识别和记忆面孔的能力的”正确。A选项“人们有惊人的能力来识别超过1000张面孔”，在第二段第一句话Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.（然而，据某专家称，我们每个人可能都能识别1000多张面孔，其中大多数在细节上都有所不同。）是专家说的，并不是作者觉得好奇的；C选项“人们没有意识到识别面孔的能力对他们来说是多么重要和有价值”，文章没有提到；D选项“人们一直在争论人们认识和记忆的方式”，这个也不是作者觉得好奇的点。

3.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.（因此，有些人认为这是天生的，“大脑区分面孔的能力有特殊的特点”。）因此C选项正确。A选项“是人类特有的特征之一”，B选项“它在出生后不久就获得了”，与原文不符；D选项“它是从我们的环境和经验中学来的”，这是另一种观点，但不是最先的。

4.推理判断题。根据题干关键词定位到倒数第二段Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.（它是多么重要和有价值，直到我们遇到那些被剥夺了能力的人，我们才会意识到。）因此可以推断出B选项“没有它，正常的日常生活就不可能了”正确。A选项“它在日常生活中是有用的，但不是必要的”与原文意思不符；C选项“在某些情况下，没有它我们就无法生存”，原文没有提及；D选项“没有它，正常的社会生活将很难”，属于过度推断。

5.推理判断题。根据选项关键词定位到最后一段Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.（这种不幸的无法识别大众都熟悉面孔的能力，但通常可以通过他们的声音、走路方式或眼镜来识别个人。）因此A选项“识别个体的能力不仅依赖视觉，还依赖其他感官”正确。B选项“视觉对于识别个体是必不可少的”，这个不是文章想要强调的；C选项“识别面孔的能力是大脑天生的一种特殊能力”，不符合文章意思；D选项“人们充分认识到人脸识别能力的重要性”，不是原文强调的；文章最后一段是想说明，哪怕有的人没有这种能力，他也可以通过其他的感官来感知。

8.单选题

（

）.acarknockedherdown.

问题1选项

A.Walkinghome

B.Whilewalkinghome

C.Asshewaswalkinghome

D.Havingwalkedhome

【答案】C

【解析】句意:在她回家的路上，一辆汽车把她撞到了。

语法题。考查时间状语从句。题干后半部分已经是完整句子,联系选项判断空白处需要填时间状语。从句的逻辑主语和主句主语不一致,因此不能用分词作状语,排除A,B,D。as可以引导时间状语从句。故选C。

9.单选题

AldousHuxleywasamostunfortunateman.Whenhediedin1963hemusthaveexpiredintheconfidentbeliefthattheeventwouldbegivenwidecoverageinthepressthenextday.Afterall,hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.AsaresultHuxleygotaboutthreecolumninchesatthebottomofpage27.

InthesamewaythedeathofVictorFarrishasgonewidelyunnoticedbecausehefoolishlyshuffledoffthismortalcoilatthesametimeasMr.KonstantinCherenkov.Now,asyouallknow,VictorFarriswasthechapwhoinventedthepaperclip,thepapermilkcartontoo.AndpaperclipsandmilkcartonswillbeinuselongaftereveryonehasforgottenthenameofthecomradewhocamebetweenAndropovandwhateverthisnewblokeiscalled.

ThesamegoesfortheinventorofthesupermarkettrolleywhodiedinSwitzerlandafewmonthsago.Felloffhistrolley,sotospeak.Foralliknow,hemaybeahouseholdnameinhisowncantonandtheyareputtingupastatueofhomewheelinghistrolley,andaregoingtocommemoratehimononeofthoseever-so-tastefulSwisspostagestampsweusedtocollectwhenwewereyoungerandwiser,butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.Personallyiforgotitwithinminutesofreadingofhisdecease.

Notthatitmatters.Somehowitishardtoimaginethingslikepaperclipsandsupermarkettrolleyshavinghadanamedinventor.It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.Oneassumesthattheseeverydayobjectsjusthappened,orevolvedthroughnaturalselection.

Itisn’tnecessarilyso.IreadonlytheotherdaythatRichardLiinventedthehandkerchief.AlmosteverythingelsewasinventedeitherbyLeonardodaVinci(scissors,bicycles,helicopters,andprobablyspoons,socksandtheRubikcubeaswell)orbyBenjaminFranklin(lightning-conductor,rocking-chair,bifocals)orelsebyJosephStalin(television).

It’squitepossiblethatLeonardoorBenjaminFranklinorStalinalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolley.Certainlyithasbeeninventedmorethanonce.HardlywasHerrEdelweiss(orwhatevertheSwisschapwascalled)inhisgravethannewscameofthedeathofSylvanN.Goodmanattheageof86.Sylvanalsoinventedthesupermarkettrolleyor,astheLosAngelesTimesreportcallsit,theshoppingcart.

Bethatasitmay,HerrEdelweissorSylvanGoodman,orboth,didagrandjobandmadesupermarketshoppingfarlesshellishthanitwouldotherwisebe.Thenextstepwillbetogetthetrolleysoutoftheshopsandintothestreets.Youcouldputanengineinthefrontandcallitacar.Orgiveitbigwheelsandacanopyandcallitapram.Thepossibilitiesareendless.

1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHerrEdelweiss_______.

2.Theauthorwritesthisarticleinordertoillustratethat_______.

3.Whoprobablyinventedspoons?

4.BystatingthatLeonardodaVinciinventedhelicopters,theauthormeans_______.

5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAldousHuxley?

问题1选项

A.wasrememberedbythepeoplealloverworld

B.madealotofmoneyfromhisinvention

C.wasnotveryfamous

D.wasabusinesspartnerofSylvanGoodman

问题2选项

A.thenamesofthepeoplewhoinventedthemostusefulthingsareusuallyforgotten

B.everydayobjectsareinventedandevolvethroughnaturalselection

C.manyeverydayobjectsareinventedmorethanonce

D.manyfamouspeoplehavepassedawaywithoutbeingnoticed

问题3选项

A.LeonardodaVinci.

B.BenjaminFranklin.

C.VictorFarris.

D.apersonunknown.

问题4选项

A.hereallydidit

B.heisamilitaryscientist

C.hepaintedinoneofhismasterpiecesahelicopters

D.peopleturntoascribeinventionstohimbuttheyarewrong

问题5选项

A.Hisdeathwasnotreportedbythepress.

B.Hewasafamousinventor.

C.Hemadeaverybigmistakeinhislateyears.

D.HediedonthesamedayasJohnF.Kennedy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据关键词“HerrEdelweiss”定位到最后两段，这两段提到HerrEdelweiss和SylvanGoodman都曾发明了手推车；再根据第三段倒数第二句“butIdoubtifhisnamewillberememberedoutsidethebordersofhissmallcountry.”作者怀疑他的名字是否会在这个小国之外被人记住。也就是说，HerrEdelweiss并不出名，选项C符合原文。

2.结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲很多发明了日常用品的发明家们的名字却没有被人们记住。选项A符合原文。

3.根据第四段的第三句“It’slikediscoveringthatataparticularmomentofhistoryaparticularpersoninventedthespoon,orthechair,orsocks.”这就像发现在某个特定的历史时刻某个特定的人发明了勺子，椅子，或者袜子。虽然第五段第三句提到LeonardodaVinci发明了剪子、自行车、直升飞机、勺子、袜子和骰子等，但事实上作者想表达的意思是：人们只记得一些有名的人物,却根本不知道是谁发明了这些重要的日常用品。所以本题选D。

4.和上一题一样，作者意在说明：人们只记得一些有名的人物，喜欢把他想象成发明了很多东西的人。

5.根据第一段的倒数第二句“WherehemadehisbigmistakewasindyingonthesamedaythatJohnF.Kennedywasassassinated.”他犯的最大错误就是在约翰•肯尼迪遇刺的同一天死去。可知选项D符合原文。第一段最后一句提到Huxley的死讯只出现在报纸第27版的末尾部分，并不是没有报道，只是篇幅很小，所以选项A错误；根据“hiscareerhadnotbeenwithoutdistinction.”可知他并不出名；选项C理解有误，所以本题选项D。

10.单选题

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Experience.

B.Flexibility.

C.Familybackground.

D.Businessconnections.

问题2选项

A.Buyingdirectlyfromfactories.

B.Shippinggoodsinbulkbysea.

C.Havingpartnersinmanypartsoftheworld.

D.Usingthesamecontainerbackandforth.

问题3选项

A.Warehouses.

B.Factories.

C.Investors.

D.Retailers.

问题4选项

A.Trendystyle.

B.Uniquedesign.

C.Lowerimportduties.

D.Lowershippingcosts.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:I’veworkedininternationaltradeallmylife.Myfatherdidsotoobeforeme.SoIguessyoucouldsayitrunsinthefamily.

M:Whatproductshaveyouworkedwith?

W:Allsorts,really.I’veimportedtextiles,machinery,toys,solarpanels,allkindsofthingsovertheyears.Trendsanddemandcomeandgo.[5]So,oneneedstobeveryflexibletosucceedinthisindustry.

M:Isee.Whatgoodsareyoutradingnow?

W:InowimportfurniturefromChinaintoItalyandfoodsfromItalyintoChina.[6]Ievenusethesamecontainer.It’saveryefficientwayofconductingtrade.

M:Thesamecontainer?Youmeanyouowna40-footcargocontainer?

W:Yeah,that’sright.[7]IhaveawarehouseinGenova,ItalyandanotherinShanghai.Isourcemid-centurymodernfurniturefromdifferentfactoriesinChina.It’sverygoodvalueformoney.IcollectitallinmywarehouseandthendispatchittomyotherwarehouseinItaly.OverthereIdothesame,butwithItalianfoodsinsteadoffurniture,thingslikepasta,cheese,wine,chocolates.AndIsendallthattomywarehouseinChinainthesamefreightcontainerIuseforthefurniture.

M:So,Ipresumeyousellbothlinesofproductswholesaleineachrespectivecountry.

W:Ofcourse.Ipossessanetworkofclientsandpartnersinbothcountries.That’sthemainbenefitofhavingdonethisforsolong.I’vemadegreatbusinesscontactsovertime.

M:Howmanytimesdoyouship?

W:Idid12shipmentslastyear,18thisyear,andIhopetogrowtoaround25nextyear.That’sbothways,thereandbackagain.DemandforauthenticItalianfoodinChinaisgrowingrapidly.Andsimilarly,salesofaffordableyetstylishwoodenfurniturearealsoincreasinginItaly.[8]Furnitureismarginallymoreprofitable,mostlybecauseitenjoyslowercustomsduties.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisrequiredtobesuccessfulininternationaltrade?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问女士认为在国际贸易中取得成功需要什么条件？在录音的开头女士就提到国际贸易这个行业的趋势和需求一直在变化，所以要想在这个行业里获得成功，需要随机应变（flexible）。B选项flexibility是形容词词性flexible的名词形式，表达的意思是一致的，因此正确。A选项“经验”；C选项“家庭背景”和D选项“业务关系”，虽然录音中似乎有相关信息能够推断出以上选项，但女士并没有说以上是在行业中获得成功的必要条件，因此可排除。

6.Whatdoesthewomansayisspecialaboutherwayofdoingtrade?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问女士说她做生意的方式有什么特别之处？录音中女士说她在做中意贸易时，货运的往来使用同一个集装箱（usethesamecontainer），并说这是一种非常有效的贸易方式。D选项“来回使用同一个集装箱”是对录音原文的同义复述，因此正确。A选项“直接从工厂进货”，这只是贸易的进货方式，并不是其特别之处，因此可排除；B选项“通过海运大批量运货”在录音中没有信息提及；C选项“在世界很多地方都有合作伙伴”，文中只提到中国和意大利，并没有涉及其他地区，因此C选项不准确，也可排除。

7.WhatdoesthewomanhaveinbothItalyandChina?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问女士在意大利和中国都有什么。女士提到她在意大利热那亚有一个仓库（warehouse），在中国上海也有一个，因此A选项“仓库”正确。B选项“工厂”；C选项“投资者”和D选项“零售商”均不正确。

8.Whatdoesthewomansaymakesfurnituremarginallymoreprofitable?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问女士认为是什么使得家具行业的利润略高。在对话最后，女士提到家具行业的利润略高一些，主要是因为它享有较低的关税（lowercustomsduties）。因此C选项“较低的进口税”是对录音原文的同义转述，因此正确。A选项“潮流风格”，录音中虽提及木制家具在意大利很受欢迎，但并不是利润高的原因，因此不正确；B选项“独特的设计”和D选项“较低的运费”在录音中均未提及。

11.单选题

TheheadoftheMuseumwas（）andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.

问题1选项

A.promising

B.agreeing

C.pleasing

D.obliging

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项promising表示“有希望的；有前途的”，B选项agreeing表示“赞成，同意”，C选项pleasing表示“令人高兴的，合意的”，D选项obliging表示“亲切友善的，乐于助人的”。由后文可知，博物馆负责人让我们查阅了那些古代的手抄本，所以他应该是亲切友善的，故本题正确答案为D选项。

12.单选题

The（）ofaculturalphenomenonisusuallyalogicalconsequenceofsomephysicalaspectinthelifestyleofthepeople.

问题1选项

A.implementation

B.manifestation

C.demonstration

D.expedition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项implementation“实现，履行”；B选项manifestation“表现，显示”；C选项demonstration“示范，证明”；D选项expedition“远征”。句意：一种文化现象的_____通常是人们生活方式的某种物质方面所产生的必然结果。表达的含义是“一种文化现象的表现”，因此B选项符合题意。

13.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

一九七八年，我们党召开具有重大历史意义的十一届三中全会，开启了改革开放历史新时期。从那时以来，中国共产党人和中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽史诗，中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化。改革开放是党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，目的就是要解放和发展社会生产力，实现国家现代化，让中国人民富裕起来，振兴伟大的中华民族。

【答案】In1978,ourPartyconvenedthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCPCwithgreathistoricalsignificance,openinganewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningup.Sincethen,theChineseCommunistsandtheChinesepeople,withtheirindomitablespiritofenterpriseandgreatinnovationandpractice,havewrittenanewepicofperseveranceandfortitudefortheChinesenation.HistoricchangeshavetakenplaceinthefaceoftheChinesepeople,socialistChinaandtheCommunistPartyofChina.ReformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionthatthePartyisleadingthepeopletocarryoutinthenewera.Itspurposeistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,modernizethecountry,enrichtheChinesepeopleandrevitalizethegreatChinesenation.

14.单选题

Icanthinkofnothingmore（

）thanarrivingatthetheateranddiscoveringthatIhavelefttheticketsathome.

问题1选项

A.vicious

B.inviting

C.vexatious

D.immoral

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。vicious“恶毒的，恶意的”；inviting“吸引人的，诱人的”；vexatious“令人烦恼的，让人生气的”；immoral“不道德的，邪恶的”。句意：我想不出有什么事比到了电影院却发现把电影票落在家里更令人烦恼。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Therehasbeenacollision（）anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.

问题1选项

A.composi