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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-保险职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thearmytrainingexercisesendedwitha(

)battle.

问题1选项

A.mock

B.fantastic

C.simultaneous

D.imaginary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。mock意为“不诚实的,模拟的”;fantastic意为“极好的,富于想象的”;simultaneous意为“同时发生的,同时存在的”;imaginary意为“想象中的,幻想的”。

句意:军队训练演习以一场模拟战结束。

2.单选题

Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareina(

).

问题1选项

A.scarcity

B.minority

C.minimum

D.shortage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。scarcity“不足,缺乏”;minority“少数,少数派”;minimum“最小值”;shortage“不足,缺少”。句意:大部分护士是女性,但是在更高级别的医疗职业中,女性却只有少数。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

问题1选项

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.approached临近(过去式或过去分词)B.distant远的

C.neighbor邻居n.D.adjacent相邻的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接与近义词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“____公寓里没有人被他们的争吵声吵醒。”按照语义和选项推测,争吵声吵醒的应该是临近公寓的人,该处所填词应该是一个形容词,修饰公寓。D选项adjacent“相邻的”符合要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项approached“临近(过去式或过去分词)”,动词,不做定语修饰“公寓”;

B选项distant“远的”,不符合语义衔接;

C选项neighbor“邻居”,名词,不能直接修饰公寓。

【句意】他们的吵闹声没有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

4.单选题

Thegirlwas(

)ashopassistant;sheisnowamanagerinalargedepartment.

问题1选项

A.preliminarily

B.presumably

C.formally

D.formerly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。Preliminarily“初步地”;presumably“大概,推测起来”;formally“正式地”;formerly“以前,原来”。句意:这个女孩之前是商店的助理,现在是一个大部门的经理。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

HarvardUniversityandMITare______thefourthandfifthlargestemployersinthearea.

问题1选项

A.representatively

B.respectively

C.respectably

D.respectfully

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.representatively典型地B.respectively分别地,各自地

C.respectably相当好地,可敬地D.respectfully尊敬地

【考查点】副词辨析。

【解题思路】由空格后面的thefourthandfifthlargestemployers(第四大和第五大雇主)可知,“分别地”符合句子意思。因此,B项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句子意思。

【句意】哈佛大学和麻省理工学院分别是该地区第四大和第五大雇主。

6.单选题

Inthemid-nineteenthcentury,workbeganonacrucialsectionoftherailwaylineconnectingBostontotheHudsonRiver.Theadditionwould(1)fromGreenfield,Massachusetts,toTroy,NewYork,anditrequiredtunnelling(2)HoosacMountain,a(3)impediment,nearlyfivemilesthick,thatblockedthe(4)betweentheDeerfieldValleyandatributaryoftheHudson.

JamesHayward,oneofNewEngland’sleadingrailroadengineers,estimatedthatpenetratingtheHoosacwouldcost,(5),averymanageabletwomilliondollars.ThepresidentofAmherstCollege,(6)geologist,saidthatthemountainwascomposedofsoftrockand(7)tunnellingwouldbefairlyeasy(8)theengineershadbreachedthesurface.“TheHoosacisbelievedtobetheonlybarrierbetweenBostonandthePacific,”theproject’spromoter,AlvahCrocker,(9).

Everyonewaswrong.DiggingthroughtheHoosacturnedouttobea(10)Theprojectcostmorethantentimesthebudgeted(11)Ifthepeopleinvolved(12)thetruenatureofthechallengestheyfaced,theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad.(13),hadtheynot,thefactoriesofnorthwesternMassachusettswouldn’thavebeenabletoshiptheirgoodssoeasilytotheexpandingWest,the(14)offreightwouldhaveremainedstubbornlyhigh,andthestateofMassachusettswouldhavebeen(15)poorer.

问题1选项

A.spread

B.run

C.derive

D.range

问题2选项

A.beyond

B.over

C.around

D.through

问题3选项

A.miraculous

B.massive

C.redundant

D.collective

问题4选项

A.framework

B.partition

C.interaction

D.passage

问题5选项

A.atpresent

B.atleast

C.atmost

D.inparticular

问题6选项

A.anideal

B.afulfilled

C.adelighted

D.anaccomplished

问题7选项

A.that

B.whether

C.how

D.where

问题8选项

A.once

B.while

C.since

D.lest

问题9选项

A.declined

B.detected

C.declared

D.denied

问题10选项

A.fantasy

B.possibility

C.nightmare

D.feat

问题11选项

A.estimate

B.finance

C.operation

D.clearance

问题12选项

A.haveknown

B.hadknown

C.wouldknow

D.knew

问题13选项

A.And

B.Or

C.But

D.Thus

问题14选项

A.storage

B.maintenance

C.delivery

D.cost

问题15选项

A.incurably

B.immeasurably

C.impossibly

D.immediately

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:B

第13题:C

第14题:D

第15题:B

【解析】(1)考查动词词义辨析。spread“传播”;run“经营;奔跑;使延展”;derive“源于;获得”;range“(在一定范围内)变动”。文章第一句提到”19世纪中期,连接波士顿和哈德逊河的一段重要铁路开始动工”。根据关键信息Greenfield,toTroy可知该铁路是从格林菲尔德延伸至特洛伊,因此选项B符合题意。

(2)考查介词词义辨析。beyond“超过,越过”;over“在……上面”;around“在……周围”;through“穿过,通过”。空格处所在句子的大意是修建这段铁路需要穿过Hoosac山的隧道,因此选项D符合题意。

(3)考查形容词词义辨析。miraculous“不可思议的”;massive“大量的”;redundant“多余的,过剩的”;collective“集体的,共同的”。前面提到修建铁路需要穿过Hoosac山,a______impediment是HoosacMountain的同位语,因此四个形容词中只有选项B符合题意。

(4)考查名词词义辨析。framework“框架;结构”;partition“划分,分开”;interaction“相互作用,相互影响”;passage“(建筑物)通道;路段”。空格处所在句子的大意是Hoosac山阻碍了DeerfieldValley与哈德逊河一个支流的连接,因此选项D符合题意。

(5)考查介词词组辨析。atpresent“目前,现在”;atleast“至少”;atmost“至多”;inparticular“尤其,特别”。空格处所在句子主要讲述了工程师JamesHayward认为打通Hoosac山的花费至多两百万美元,因此选项C符合题意。

(6)考查形容词词义辨析。ideal“理想的”;fulfilled“满足的”;delighted“高兴的;令人愉快的”;accomplished“完成的;熟练的”。空格处缺失的单词作为名词geologist(地质学家)的定语,选项D符合题意。

(7)考查连接词的使用。空格处后是一个完整的句子,且不缺成分,所以可以判断空格处需要填入一个连接词引导一个从句,连接词不做任何成分,做said的宾语,所以是一个宾语从句。再根据句意可知选项A符合题意。

(8)考查连词词义辨析。once“一旦”;while“与……同时”;since“自……以来;因为”;lest“唯恐,以免”。空格处所在句子的大意是一旦工程师们打通了山体表面,穿过Hoosac山的隧道就变得容易了。因此可知选项A符合题意。

(9)考查动词词义辨析。decline“下降;谢绝”;detect“察觉;发现”;declare“宣布;声明”;deny“否认;拒绝”。空格处所在句子的大意是铁路的赞助者AlvahCrocker宣称Hoosac被认为是波士顿和太平洋之间唯一的阻碍,根据句意可知选项C符合题意。

(10)考查名词词义辨析。fantasy“幻想;幻觉”;possibility“可能性”;nightmare“噩梦”;feat“功绩,壮举”。前面提到开通隧道是件容易的事情,但是根据everyonewaswrong可知事情进行得并不顺利,因此选项C符合题意:开凿Hoosac山非常艰难,像噩梦一般。

(11)考查词义辨析。estimate“估算”;finance“供给经费”;operation“操作”;clearance“清除”。前面提到这个项目估计花费200万美元,但实际上比估算的要多出十倍,因此选项A符合题意。

(12)考查虚拟语气。根据后半句话theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad(他们绝不会资助这个项目),可知这句话表示的是与过去事实相反,因此选项B符合题意。

(13)考查逻辑关系。前面一句提到假如这些人知道这个项目如此艰难,他们就不会投资这个项目,而此句提到如果没有这些人提供资金,马萨诸塞州西北部的工厂就不可能如此轻易地将货物运送到西部,这两句话前后是一个转折关系,因此选项C符合题意。

(14)考查名词词义辨析。storage“存储,仓库”;maintenance“维护,维修”;delivery“递送”;cost“费用,成本,代价”。根据关键信息remainedstubbornlyhigh此处讲述的是运输成本非常高,因此选项D符合题意。

(15)考查副词词义辨析。incurably“治不好地”;immeasurably“无限地,广大无边地”;impossibly“不可能地”;immediately“立即;立刻”。前面提到如果没有那些人的资金支持,马萨诸塞州西北部的工厂就不可能如此轻易地将货物运送到西部,而当地肯定也会变得越来越穷,因此选项B符合题意。

7.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassageandthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChinese.

Storiesabouttheproblemsoftourismhavebecomelegioninthelastfewyears.Yetitdoesnothavetobeaproblem.

Althoughtourisminevitablyaffectstheregioninwhichittakesplace,thecoststothesefragileenvironmentsandtheirlocalculturesashashappenedwiththeSperpasofNepal’sKhumbuValleyandinsomeAlpinevillages.Andagrowingnumberofadventuretourismoperatorsaretryingtoensurethattheiractivitiesbenefitthelocalpopulationandenvironmentoverthelongterm.

IntheSwissAlpscommunitieshavedecidedthattheirfuturedependsonintegratingtourismmoreeffectivelywiththelocaleconomy.LocalconcernabouttherisingnumberofsecondhomedevelopmentintheSwissPaysd’Enhautresultedinlimitsbeingimposedontheirgrowth.Therehasalsobeenarenaissanceincommunalcheeseproductioninthearea,providingthelocalswithareliablesourceofincomethatdoesnotdependonoutsidevisitors.

ManyoftheArctictouristdestinationshavebeenexploitedbyoutsidecompanies,whoemploytransientworkersandrepatriatemostoftheprofitstotheirhomebase.ButsomeArcticcommunitiesarenowoperatingtourbusinessesthemselves,therebyensuringthatthebenefitsaccruelocally.Forinstance,anativecorporationinAlaska,employinglocalpeople,isrunninganairtourfromAnchoragetoKotzebue,wheretouristseatArcticfood,walkonthetundraandwatchlocalmusiciansanddancers.

NativepeopleinthedesertregionsoftheAmericanSouthwesthavefollowedsimilarstrategies,encouragingtouriststovisittheirpueblosandreservationstopurchasehigh-qualityhandicraftsandartwork.TheAcomaandSanIldefonsopuebloshaveestablishedhighlyprofitablepotterybusinesses,whiletheNavajoandHopigroupshavebeensimilarlysuccessfulwithjewelry.

Toomanypeoplelivinginfragileenvironmentshavelostcontrolovertheireconomies,theircultureandtheirenvironmentwhentourismhaspenetratedtheirhomelands.Merelyrestrictingtourismcannotbethesolutiontotheimbalance,becausepeople’sdesiretoseenewplaceswillnotjustdisappear.Instead,communitiesinfragileenvironmentsmustachievegreatercontrolovertourismventuresintheirregionsinordertobalancetheirneedsandaspirationswiththedemandsoftourism.Agrowingnumberofcommunitiesaredemonstratingthat,withfirmcommunaldecision-making,thisispossible.Thecriticalquestionnowiswhetherthiscanbecomethenorm,ratherthantheexception.

【答案】在过去的几年里,有关旅游业问题的报道层出不穷。然而,这并不一定是一个问题。

在瑞士阿尔卑斯地区的社区已经明确,他们的未来取决于更有效地将旅游业与当地经济结合起来。

该地区的公共奶酪生产也出现了复兴,为当地人提供了不依赖外来游客的可靠收入来源。

仅仅限制旅游业不能解决这种不平衡,因为人们对新地方观光的渴望不会消失。

现在问题的关键是,这能否成为常态,而不是例外。

8.单选题

Inanenvironmentallyconscioustweakonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable,growingnumbersofpeopleareskippingoutongrocerystoresandevenfarmersmarketsandinsteadgoingrighttothesourcebybuyingsharesoffarms.

Ononeofthefarms,hereabout35mileswestofChicago,SteveTriskowasweedingbeetstheotherdayandcuttingbackashadetreesobabytomatoescouldgetsunlight.Mr.Triskoisaretiredcomputerconsultantwhoownssharesinthefour-acreErehwonFarm.

“Wedecidedthatit’sinourinteresttohaveasmallfarmsucceed,andhavethembeabletohaveasustainablefarmproducinggoodfood,”Mr.Triskosaid.

PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.About150peoplehaveboughtsharesinErehwon—inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.

TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.Therewerefewerthan100suchfarmsintheearly1990s,butinthelastseveralyearsthenumbershavegrowntocloseto1,500,accordingtoacademicexpertswhohavefollowedthetrend.

“Ithinkpeoplearebecomingmorelocal-minded,andthisfitsrightintothat,”saidNicholeD.Nazelrod,programcoordinatorattheFultonCenterforSustainableLivingatWilsonCollegeinChambersburg,Pa.,anationalclearinghouseforcommunity-supportedfarms.“Peopleareseeingwaystocometogetherandworktogethertomakethissuccessful.”

TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.Arrangementsoffresh-cutblossomstwiceamonthcanbeincludedforanextra$120—orforthedeluxepackage,$220will“feedthesoul”withweeklybouquetsofliliesandsunflowersandotherlocalblooms.

Shareholdersarenotrequiredtoworkthefields,buttheycaniftheywant,andmanydo.Mr.Triskosaidhisfamilyknowsthatwithouthisvolunteerlaborandagreementtoshareinthefinancialriskofraisingcrops,thesmallorganicfarmmightnotsurvive.“It’sveryhardforthemtomakeendsmeet,”hesaid,“soIdecidedtogooutandhelp.Weharvest,water,pullweeds,whatevertheyneeddoing.”

Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward—startedwithtwoshareholders,reacheditsgoalof140lastyear,andnowhasraiseditstargettoabout200members.

1.Accordingtothepassage,growingnumbersofpeoplebuysharesoffarmsbecausethey().

2.ErehwonFarmdiffersfromthetraditionalfarmsinthatitis().

3.Wemayinferfromthepassagethatcommunity-sponsoredfarm().

4.TheaverageshareholdersofErehwonFarmareentitledto().

5.ItisimpliedthatErehwonFarm().

问题1选项

A.areconsciousofenvironmentalproblems

B.abandonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable

C.nolongerdependongrocerystoresandfarmersmarkets

D.liketogrowvegetablesthemselvesinthesuburbanfarms

问题2选项

A.verysmall

B.veryefficient

C.community-supportedagriculture

D.sharedbypeoplefromdifferentplaces

问题3选项

A.isanewconceptemergingintheU.S.A

B.hastocombatwithsmall-scalefarming

C.isgraduallytakingshapeinAmericanagriculture

D.isverypopularasboomingagricultureintheU.S.A

问题4选项

A.cometogetherandworktogetheronthefarm

B.getaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetables

C.enjoypackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900

D.buy$120-$220fresh-cutblossomstwiceamonth

问题5选项

A.comesfromthebackwardspelledword“nowhere”

B.isafictionalnameandthereisnosuchafarmintheU.S.A

C.it’sveryhardtosurviveowingtoitssmallsize

D.developssoundly,inspiteofitsfinancialdifficulties

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一自然段的内容“环保意识改变了将食物端上桌的传统方式,相反,越来越多的人转向了杂货店甚至农贸市场,通过购买农场的股份来直接获取来源。”由此可知,越来越多的人买农场股份是受到环保意识的影响,所以选项A正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第四段第一句“PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.Erehwon是松散却不断壮大的网络的一部分,主要通过互联网动员起来,他参与的是所谓的社区支持农业。”以及本段最后一句“inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.从本质上说,就是雇佣私人农场主,颠覆旧的佃农制度。”由此可知,Erehwon农场和传统农场的不同之处在于它是社区支持的农业,选项C符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据原文第五段第一句“TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.这一概念是在20世纪80年代从欧洲和亚洲引进的,作为一种替代性的销售和筹资安排,来帮助克服小规模农业通常高昂的费用。”由此可知,这不是一个新的概念,而且是来帮助而不是来和小规模农场竞争的,所以选项A和选项B均表述错误;根据本段第二句“Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.但直到最近,它才慢慢生根发芽”可知,这一概念刚刚生根发芽,还没有初步成形,所以选项C错误;根据本段最后一句的内容可知,像Erehwon这样的农场由以前的不到100家到现在增长到接近1500家,说明社区支持的农业在美国蓬勃发展的农业非常受欢迎。所以选项D符合原文。

4.判断推理题。根据倒数第三段的第一句“TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.ErehwonFarm的股东可以自由使用土地,并保证获得当季水果和蔬菜收成的一定比例,金额从300美元到900美元不等。”由此可知,选项B符合原文。选项A目前还没有实现;选项C曲解了原文的意思;选项D不是普通股东享有的权利,所以只有选项B正确。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段首句“Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward…Erehwon这个词是由‘nowhere’倒着写的”,由此可知,选项A符合原文。选项B在文中没有信息提及;根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Erehwon农场不是由于规模小而无法生存,属于曲解原文句意,所以选项C不正确;原文也没有提及财政问题,所以选项D也不正确。

9.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.Sheneedaphysicalexamination.

B.Sheisingoodhealth.

C.It’sgoodtohaveadoctorfriend.

D.It’sgoodtovisitthedoctor.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Whenyouneedahealthcheckup,justcallme.It’stotallyfree.

W:It’sgreathavingadoctoraround.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】细节题。男士说需要体检时打个电话给他,免费的。女士回答说身边有个医生很好。

10.单选题

Ihavelongbelievedthattroublebetweentheracesisseldomwhatitappearstobe.Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.AndIthinkpartofourconcernoveritcomesfromthefactthatithasthefeelofarelapse,illnessgoneandcomeagain.Butifweareseeingthesamesymptoms,Idon’tbelievewearedealingwiththesameillness.Foronething,Ithinkracialtensiononcampusistheresultmoreofracialequalitythaninequality.

HowtolivewithracialdifferencehasbeenAmerica’sprofoundsocialproblem.Forthefirst100yearsorsofollowingemancipationitwascontrolledbyalegallyapprovedinequalitythatactedasabufferbetweentheraces.Nolongeristhisthecase.Oncampusestoday,asthroughoutsociety,blacksenjoyequalityunderthelaw—aprofoundsocialadvancement.Nostudentmaybekeptoutofaclassoradormitoryoranextracurricularactivitybecauseofhisorherrace.Butthereisaparadoxhere.Onacampuswheremembersofallracesaregathered,mixedtogetherintheclassroomaswellassocially,differencesaremoreexposedthanever.Andthisiswherethetroublestarts.Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.Thesefeelingscouldliehiddeninthehome,infamiliarneighborhoods,insimplerdaysofchildhood.Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.Onourcampuses,suchconcentratedmicro-societies,allthatremainsunresolvedbetweenblacksandwhites,alltheoldwoundsandshamesthathaveneverbeenaddressed,presentthemselvesforattention-andpresentouryouthwithpressurestheycannotalwayshandle.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,().

2.Nowadaysracialtensiononcampusmostprobablystartswith().

3.Thephrase“comingintotheirown’’onLine8ofParagraph2probablymeans().

4.Whenyoungadultsentercollegeforthefirsttime,().

5.Thepassageismainlyabout().

问题1选项

A.peoplehavemisunderstoodthecausesofracialtension

B.peopledon’tunderstandthecausesofracialtension

C.racialtensionkeepsthesametypicalpatterninhistory

D.racialtensiononcampusisthesameasracialtensioninsociety

问题2选项

A.racialinequality

B.suddenawarenessofracialdifferences

C.whiteracism

D.racialinteractionandcompetition

问题3选项

A.enteringtheirownhomes

B.showingtheirownvalues

C.enteringtheirowncolleges

D.havingtheirownproblems

问题4选项

A.theybringfreedomandexplorationtocampus

B.theysufferfromracialinequalityanddifferences

C.theybringwiththemfear,anxietyandotherfeelings

D.theysufferfromcompetitionsinbigexams

问题5选项

A.racialinequalityinAmericansociety

B.racialtensioninAmericansociety

C.racialequalityoncampusandinsociety

D.thecausesofracialtensiononcampus

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。由第一段“Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.校园种族矛盾与美国永恒的种族冲突的经典模式-白人种族主义与黑人抗议是相同的。”可知种矛盾在历史上有相同的模式。故C项正确。A项“人们误解了种族紧张的原因”以及B项“人们不理解种族紧张的原因”是对“Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.在我第一次与学生交谈后,不难看出校园里的种族紧张是一个误传自身的问题。”的曲解。D项文中未提及。

2.细节事实题。由第二段Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.但大学校园,因其结构为社交和成人水平的竞争——大型考试,宿舍,“大量混合”是另一回事。我认为校园种族主义源于种族差异和校园环境之间的摩擦,校园本身致力于社交和平等。可知如今校园种族矛盾是源于社交和竞争,故D项正确。

3.推理判断题。Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttime…对于每一个不同种族的年轻人来说,他们都是第一次离开家来到大学…由此可知年轻人是第一次离开家进入大学。故C项正确。

4.推理判断题。由第二段“Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.对于每一个不同种族的年轻人来说,他们都是第一次离开家来到大学,他们给这个自由,探索和平等的地方带来了深深的恐惧和焦虑,以及还未完全发展的种族羞耻感,愤怒和内疚感。”可知年轻人第一次进入大学时,他们带去了恐惧,愤怒,内疚等感情。故C项正确。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要分析了校园种族矛盾的原因,即在一个微型的社会里(校园里)种族平等使以前未解决的问题现在更加明显地暴露出来。故D项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

11.单选题

TruthabouttheEnvironmentFormanyenvironmentalists,theworldseemstobegettingworse.Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout,thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthattheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.

Butaquicklookatthefactsshowsadifferentpicture.First,energyandothernaturalresourceshavebecomemoreabundant,notlessso,sincethebookTheLimitstoGrowthwaspublishedin1972byagroupofscientists.Second,morefoodisnowproducedperheadoftheworld'spopulationthanatanytimeinhistory.Fewerpeoplearestarving.Third,althoughspeciesareindeedbecomingextinct,onlyabout0.7%ofthemareexpectedtodisappearinthenext50years,not25%-50%,ashassooftenbeenpredicteD.Andfinally,mostformsofenvironmentalpollutioneitherappeartohavebeenexaggerated,oraretransient—associatedwiththeearlyphasesofindustrializationandthereforebestcurednotbyrestrictingeconomicgrowth,butbyacceleratingit.Oneformofpollution—thereleaseofgreenhousegasesthatcausesglobalwarming—doesappeartobeaphenomenonthatisgoingtoextendwellintoourfuture,butitstotalimpactisunlikelytoposeadevastatingproblem.Abiggerproblemmaywellturnouttobeaninappropriateresponsetoit.

Yetopinionpollssuggestthatmanypeoplenurturethebeliefthatenvironmentalstandardsaredecliningandthreefactorsseemtocausethisdisjunctionbetweenperceptionandreality.

Oneisthelopsidednessbuiltintoscientificresearch.Scientificfundinggoesmainlytoareaswithmanyproblems.Thatmaybeawisepolicy,butitwillalsocreateanimpressionthatmanymorepotentialproblemsexistthanisthecase.

Secondly,environmentalgroupsneedtobenoticedbythemassmediA.Theyalsoneedtokeepthemoneyrollingin.Understandably,perhaps,theysometimesoverstatetheirarguments.In1997,forexample,theWorldWideFundforNatureissuedapressreleaseentitled:"Twothirdsoftheworld'sforestslostforever".Thetruthturnsouttobenearer20%.

Thethirdfactorispoorindividualperception.Peopleworrythattheendlessriseintheamountofstuffeveryonethrowsawaywillcausetheworldtorunoutofplacestodisposeofwaste.Yet,evenifAmerica'strashoutputcontinuestoriseasithasdoneinthepast,andeveniftheAmericanpopulationdoublesby2100,alltherubbishAmericaproducesthroughtheentire21stcenturywillstilltakeuponlyone-12,000thoftheareaoftheentireUnitedStates.

1.Thefirstparagraphintendstoshowthat___.

2.Thefactsandfiguresprovidedinparagraphtwosuggestthat___.

3.Inparagraphfour,thewriterexpresseshisconcernsabout___.

4.ThewriterquotesfromtheWorldWideFundforNaturetoillustratehow___.

5.Whatisthewriter'sviewofAmerica'swasteproblem?

问题1选项

A.theenvironmentisgettingworseandworse

B.theenvironmentproblemsinvolvemanyaspects

C.thewriterdoesnotagreewiththestatements

D.thewriterdrawsapictureofenvironmentproblems

问题2选项

A.thereisamismatchbetweenourunderstandingandreality

B.thebookTheLimitstoGrowthisvaluable

C.thereisaneedtoconductasurveyandcorrectthefigures

D.economicgrowthcanhelpalleviateenvironmentproblems

问题3选项

A.theneedtoproduceresults

B.thelackoffinancialsupport

C.theproblemofscientificresearch

D.thedesiretosolveallproblems

问题4选项

A.influentialthemassmediacanbe

B.effectiveenvironmentalmovementscanbe

C.themassmediacanhelpenvironmentalgroupsraisefunds

D.environmentalactivistscanexaggeratetheirclaims

问题5选项

A.ItwillgetworseasAmerica'spopulationincreases

B.Itisnotasseriousashasbeenassumedtobe

C.Itiscausedbypoorpeople'sconception

D.ItisignoredbecauseUSAislargeinsize

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段“Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout,thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthattheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.”中文翻译为:他们列出了我们主要担心的一系列问题:自然资源正在枯竭,人口不断增长,留下越来越少的食物;物种正在大量地灭绝,地球的空气和水正变得越来越污染。因此答案为B选项:环境问题涉及很多方面。

2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段中“Andfinally,mostformsofenvironmentalpollutioneitherappeartohavebeenexaggerated,oraretransient—associatedwiththeearlyphasesofindustrializationandthereforebestcurednotbyrestrictingeconomicgrowth,butbyacceleratingit.”中文翻译为:最后,大多数形式的环境污染要么是被夸大了,要么是暂时的——与工业化的早期阶段有关,因此最好的解决办法不是限制经济增长,而是加速经济增长。可知D项“经济增长有助于缓解环境问题”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段“Oneisthelopsidednessbuiltintoscientificresearch.Scientificfundinggoesmainlytoareaswithmanyproblems.Thatmaybeawisepolicy,butitwillalsocreateanimpressionthatmanymorepotentialproblemsexistthanisthecase.”中文翻译为:一是科学研究固有的不平衡。科学基金主要用于有很多问题的领域。这或许是一项明智的政策,但它也会给人留下这样一种印象,即存在的潜在问题要比实际情况多得多。因此,C选项“科学研究问题”最符合题意。

4.推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第五段“Secondly,environmentalgroupsneedtobenoticedbythemassmedia.Theyalsoneedtokeepthemoneyrollingin.Understandably,perhaps,theysometimesoverstatetheirarguments.In1997,forexample,theWorldWideFundforNatureissuedapressreleaseentitled:"Twothirdsoftheworld'sforestslostforever".Thetruthturnsouttobenearer20%.”,中文翻译为:其次,环保组织需要被大众媒体关注。他们还需要让资金源源不断地流入。或许可以理解,他们有时会夸大自己的论点。例如,1997年,世界自然基金会发表了一份题为“世界森林的三分之二永远消失”的新闻稿。事实是接近20%。

故D选项“环保人士可能会夸大他们的说法”最符合题意。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到尾段“Thethirdfactorispoorindividualperception.Peopleworrythattheendlessriseintheamountofstuffeveryonethrowsawaywillcausetheworldtorunoutofplacestodisposeofwaste.Yet,evenifAmerica'strashoutputcontinuestoriseasithasdoneinthepast,andeveniftheAmericanpopulationdoublesby2100,alltherubbishAmericaproducesthroughtheentire21stcenturywillstilltakeuponlyone-12,000thoftheareaoftheentireUnitedStates.”中文翻译为:第三个因素是个体知觉差。人们担心,每个人都扔掉的东西的数量无止境的增加,将导致世界耗尽处理垃圾的地方。然而,即使美国的垃圾产量像过去一样继续增长,即使美国人口到2100年翻一番,美国在整个21世纪所产生的垃圾仍只占美国国土面积的1/12000。可以得知B项“它不像人们认为的那样严重”最符合。

12.单选题

Hardworkandmalnutrition(

)hishealthandhelookedthinandpale.

问题1选项

A.impaired

B.promoted

C.accelerated

D.smashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。impair意为“损害,削弱”;promote意为“促进,推进”;accelerate意为“加快,增速”;smash意为“打碎,打破”。

句意:繁重的工作和营养不良损害了他的健康,他看上去又瘦又苍白。

13.单选题

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe()brilliantcareer.

问题1选项

A.porch

B.threshold

C.edge

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:porch“阳台”;B:threshold“开端;门槛”;C:edge“边缘”;D:course“课程;航线”。句意:作为学院最年轻的教授之一,布朗先生必然是正处于辉煌事业的起点。结合语境,故B为正确答案。

14.单选题

Weshouldget(

)tothatnewjournal.

问题1选项

A.asubscription

B.aprescription

C.aninscription

D.aconscription

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。subscription“捐献,订阅”;prescription“药方,指示”;inscription“题词,铭文”;conscription“征兵”。句意:我们应该订阅那本新杂志。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Thearticlesuggeststhat

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