会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件

Chapter14FinancialStatementAnalysisChapter14FinancialStatementPurposeofAnalysisInternalUsersExternalUsersFinancialstatementanalysishelpsusersmakebetterdecisions.ManagersOfficersInternalAuditorsShareholdersLendersCustomersPurposeofAnalysisInternalUsPurposeofAnalysisPurposeofAnalysisFinancialStatementsareDesignedforAnalysisFinancialStatementsareDesigToolsofAnalysisLiquidityandEfficiencySolvencyProfitabilityMarketAbilitytomeetshort-termobligationsandtoefficientlygeneraterevenuesAbilitytogeneratefuturerevenuesandmeetlong-termobligationsAbilitytogeneratepositivemarketexpectationsAbilitytoprovidefinancialrewardssufficienttoattractandretainfinancingToolsofAnalysisLiquidityandDollarChange:AnalysisPeriodAmountBasePeriodAmountDollarChange=DollarandPercentageChangesPercentageChange:DollarChangeBasePeriodAmountPercentChange=%DollarChange:AnalysisPeriodDollarandPercentageChangesDollarandPercentageChangesLetslookattheassetsectionofCloverCorporationscomparativebalancesheetandincomestatementfor2001and2000.Computethedollarchangeandthepercentageforcash.DollarandPercentageChanges

ExampleLetslookattheassetsec会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件$12,000?$23,500=$(11,500)$12,000?$23,500=$(11,500)($11,500?$23,500)?100%=48.94%Completetheanalysisfortheotherassets.($11,500?$23,500)?100%=48.会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件TrendAnalysisTrendanalysisisusedtorevealpatternsindatacoveringsuccessiveperiods.TrendPercentAnalysisPeriodAmountBasePeriodAmount100%=TrendAnalysisTrendanalysisiTrendAnalysis

Example1997isthebaseperiodsoitsamountswillequal100%.BerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

Example1997isTrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryPrTrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryPrComponentPercentagesExaminetherelativesizeofeachiteminthefinancialstatementsbycomputingcomponent(orcommon-sized)percentages.ComponentPercent100%AnalysisAmountBaseAmount=FinancialStatement BaseAmountBalanceSheet TotalAssetsIncomeStatement RevenuesComponentPercentagesExaminet($12,000?$315,000)?100%=3.8%($23,500?$289,700)?100%=8.1%($12,000?$315,000)?100%=3.会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件Common-SizeGraphics

ExampleThisisagraphicalanalysisofCloverCorporation抯common-sizeassetsfor2001.Common-SizeGraphics

ExampleThRatiosRatiosUsethisinformationtocalculatetheliquidityratiosforNortonCorporation.UsethisinformationtocalcWorkingCapitalWorkingcapitalistheexcessofcurrentassetsovercurrentliabilities.WorkingCapitalWorkingcapitalCurrentRatioCurrentRatioCurrentAssetsCurrentLiabilities=CurrentRatio$65,000$42,000==1.55:1Thisratiomeasurestheshort-termdebt-payingabilityofthecompany.CurrentRatioCurrentCurrenQuickRatioQuickassetsarecash,marketablesecurities,andreceivables.Thisratioislikethecurrentratiobutexcludescurrentassetssuchasinventoriesthatmaybedifficulttoquicklyconvertintocash.QuickAssetsCurrentLiabilities=QuickRatioQuickRatioQuickassetsarecaQuickAssetsCurrentLiabilities=QuickRatio$50,000$42,000=1.19:1=QuickRatioQuickRatioThisratioislikethecurrentratiobutexcludescurrentassetssuchasinventoriesthatmaybedifficulttoquicklyconvertintocash.QuickAssets=QuickDebtRatioAmeasureofcreditor抯long-termrisk.Thesmallerthepercentageofassetsthatarefinancedbydebt,thesmallertheriskforcreditors.DebtRatioAmeasureofcreditoDebtRatioAmeasureofcreditor抯long-termrisk.Thesmallerthepercentageofassetsthatarefinancedbydebt,thesmallertheriskforcreditors.DebtRatioAmeasureofcreditoUsefulnessandLimitationsofFinancialRatiosUsefulnessandLimitationsofProfitabilityAnincomestatementcanbepreparedineitheramultiple-steporsingle-stepformat.Thesingle-stepformatissimpler.Themultiple-stepformatprovidesmoredetailedinformation.ProfitabilityAnincomestatemeProperHeading{GrossMargin{OperatingExpenses{{Non-operatingItemsIncomeStatement(Multiple-Step)ExampleRemembertocomputeEPS.ProperHeading{GrossMargin{OpProperHeading{IncomeStatement(Single-Step)ExampleExpenses&Losses{Revenues&Gains{RemembertocomputeEPS.ProperHeading{IncomeStatemenUsethisinformationtocalculatetheprofitabilityratiosforNortonCorporation.UsethisinformationtocalcReturnOnInvestment(ROI)Usedbyinvestorstoevaluatetheefficiencywithwhichfinancialresourcesareemployed.ReturnOnInvestment(ROI)UsedReturnOnAssets(ROA)Thisratioisgenerallyconsideredthebestoverallmeasureofacompany抯profitability.ReturnOnAssets(ROA)ThisratReturnOnEquity(ROE)Thismeasureindicateshowwellthecompanyemployedtheowners?investmentstoearnincome.ReturnOnEquity(ROE)ThismeaSourcesofFinancialInformationSourcesofFinancialInformatiNomoreratios,please!Nomoreratios,please!Chapter14FinancialStatementAnalysisChapter14FinancialStatementPurposeofAnalysisInternalUsersExternalUsersFinancialstatementanalysishelpsusersmakebetterdecisions.ManagersOfficersInternalAuditorsShareholdersLendersCustomersPurposeofAnalysisInternalUsPurposeofAnalysisPurposeofAnalysisFinancialStatementsareDesignedforAnalysisFinancialStatementsareDesigToolsofAnalysisLiquidityandEfficiencySolvencyProfitabilityMarketAbilitytomeetshort-termobligationsandtoefficientlygeneraterevenuesAbilitytogeneratefuturerevenuesandmeetlong-termobligationsAbilitytogeneratepositivemarketexpectationsAbilitytoprovidefinancialrewardssufficienttoattractandretainfinancingToolsofAnalysisLiquidityandDollarChange:AnalysisPeriodAmountBasePeriodAmountDollarChange=DollarandPercentageChangesPercentageChange:DollarChangeBasePeriodAmountPercentChange=%DollarChange:AnalysisPeriodDollarandPercentageChangesDollarandPercentageChangesLetslookattheassetsectionofCloverCorporationscomparativebalancesheetandincomestatementfor2001and2000.Computethedollarchangeandthepercentageforcash.DollarandPercentageChanges

ExampleLetslookattheassetsec会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件$12,000?$23,500=$(11,500)$12,000?$23,500=$(11,500)($11,500?$23,500)?100%=48.94%Completetheanalysisfortheotherassets.($11,500?$23,500)?100%=48.会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件TrendAnalysisTrendanalysisisusedtorevealpatternsindatacoveringsuccessiveperiods.TrendPercentAnalysisPeriodAmountBasePeriodAmount100%=TrendAnalysisTrendanalysisiTrendAnalysis

Example1997isthebaseperiodsoitsamountswillequal100%.BerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

Example1997isTrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryPrTrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryProductsIncomeInformationFortheYearsEndedDecember31,TrendAnalysis

ExampleBerryPrComponentPercentagesExaminetherelativesizeofeachiteminthefinancialstatementsbycomputingcomponent(orcommon-sized)percentages.ComponentPercent100%AnalysisAmountBaseAmount=FinancialStatement BaseAmountBalanceSheet TotalAssetsIncomeStatement RevenuesComponentPercentagesExaminet($12,000?$315,000)?100%=3.8%($23,500?$289,700)?100%=8.1%($12,000?$315,000)?100%=3.会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件会计学清华大学已有财务状况分析学生大软件站课件Common-SizeGraphics

ExampleThisisagraphicalanalysisofCloverCorporation抯common-sizeassetsfor2001.Common-SizeGraphics

ExampleThRatiosRatiosUsethisinformationtocalculatetheliquidityratiosforNortonCorporation.UsethisinformationtocalcWorkingCapitalWorkingcapitalistheexcessofcurrentassetsovercurrentliabilities.WorkingCapitalWorkingcapitalCurrentRatioCurrentRatioCurrentAssetsCurrentLiabilities=CurrentRatio$65,000$42,000==1.55:1Thisratiomeasurestheshort-termdebt-payingabilityofthecompany.CurrentRatioCurrentCurrenQuickRatioQuickassetsarecash,marketablesecurities,andreceivables.Thisratioislikethecurrentratiobutexcludescurrentassetssuchasinventoriesthatmaybedifficulttoquicklyconvertintocash.QuickAssetsCurrentLiabilities=QuickRatioQuickRatioQuickassetsarecaQuickAssetsCurrentLiabilities=QuickRatio$50,000$42,000=1.19:1=QuickRatioQuickRatioThisratioislikethecurrentratiobutexcludescurrentassetssuchasinventoriesthatmaybedifficulttoquicklyconvertintocash.QuickAssets=QuickDebtRatioAmeasureofcreditor抯long-termrisk.Thesmallerthepercentageofassetsthatarefinancedbydebt,thesmallertheriskforcreditors.DebtRatioAmeasureofcreditoDebtRatioAmeasureofcreditor抯long-termrisk.Thesmallerthepercentageofassetsthatarefinancedbydebt,thesmallertheriskforcreditors.DebtRatioAmeasureofcreditoUsefulnessandLimitationsofFinancialRatiosUsefulnessandLimitationsofProfitabilityAnincomestatementcanbepreparedineitheramultiple-steporsingle-stepformat.Thesin