考研考博-英语-广东财贸职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东财贸职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

ChinaDreamistheguidingideologyputforwardbyPresidentXiJinping.HebelievesthatitisthegreatestdreamoftheChinesenationinmoderntimes,andstatesthatthedreamcandefinitelyberealizeD.ThecoreobjectiveofChinaDreamistoachievethegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.Tobemorespecific,thatistorealizenationalprosperityandrejuvenation,aswellasthewell-beingofpeople.Anditsfundamentalrequirementistobuildawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway.Onlywhenthecountryisdevelopedcomprehensivelyandscientifically,canindividualsrealizetheirdreams.Similarly,onlywheneveryoneisfullofpassion,canChinaDreambebeautiful.

【答案】中国梦，是习近平主席提出的指导思想。他认为，这是近代以来中华民族最伟大的梦想，这个梦想一定能够实现。中国梦的核心目标是实现中华民族伟大复兴。具体来说，就是要实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。其根本要求是全面建设小康社会。只有国家全面科学发展，个人才能实现自己的梦想。同样，只有每个人都充满激情，中国梦才会美丽。

2.单选题

Theseseatsare（

）foroldandsickpeople.

问题1选项

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近义词辨析题。A选项conserved“保存，保全”；B选项deserved“值得”；C选项preserved“保藏”；D选项reserved“保留”。句意：这些座位是留给老人和病人的。bereservedfor意为“为…保留”，所以选项D符合句意。

3.问答题

Filmmakersunderstandablylosemuchoftheirinterestinthegenre,(appealto)

【答案】Itisunderstandablethatthegenredoesn’tappealtofilmmakersmuch.

4.单选题

Designatingthisbook(HandbookofPersonalityPsychology)a“handbook”isatonceaccurateandpossiblyunfortunate.Handbooksarefrequentlyratherdrearyaffairs,occasionallyusefulassourcesandforcitationbutscarcelyworthreading.

Infact,thisbookishighlyinterestingandreadable,comprehensiveandauthoritative.Thedomainofpersonalityiscoveredalmostcompletely,andthematerialisquiteuptodate.Thisbookisnotacollectionofpreviouslypublishedoronlyslightlyreworkedpapers.Itgivesclearindicationofthecarefulthoughttheeditorsgavetoitsplanningandtheirfirmcontroloveritswriting.Tobeginwith,itiswhollyrefreshingtohaveacomprehensiveworkonpersonalitythatpaysnoparticularattentiontotheoriesofpersonality.TherearenochaptersinthisvolumetoreviewwhatFreudsaidorAdlerorRogersorBanduraoranyoneelse.TheoristssuchasFreudarementionedwhentheirviewsarerelevanttotopicsunderdiscussion,but,blessedly,nosummariesofthemajortheoriesareincluded.Instead,heeditorspresentacomprehensiveandcoherentviewofthefieldofpersonalitytoday.

Theworkispresentedineightsectionsthatdealinessencewithwhatpersonalityis,howitisstudied,howitdevelopsitsbiologicalandsocialdeterminants,howpersonalityworks,andwhatitisusefulfor.Thereare36chaptersextendingnearlyathousandpages.Theeditorschosespecificauthorsforeachofthechapters；theychosewellandtheywereremarkablysuccessfulingettingtheparticipationofauthoritativescientistswhogenerallywritequitewell.

Thehandbooklendsitselfwelltoitsfunctionasaresourcevolume.Itsonlyobviousdeficiencyisthelackofanameindex,whichinthesedaysofinformationprocessorsshouldhavebeenpossibleatmodestcost.

Manyyearsago,Igaveupteachingatheories-of-personalitycoursebecausethedominanttextbookwassothoroughandwelldonethatitleftmewithverylittletodointheclassroom.Thishandbookwould,Ithink，beasplendidtextbook,despitethethoroughnessofitscoverage,becauseitleavestheinstructorwiththechallengingbutengagingtaskofintegratingthematerial,whichwouldprovideanopeningforanyinstructorwithaparticulartheoreticalpassion,butmanyotherroutestointegrationarepossible.

1.ForTheHandbookofPersonalityPsychology,thetitleof“handbook”maybeunfortunatebecausehandbooks（

）.

2.Theauthorlikesthishandbookpartlybecauseitdoesnot

（

）.

3.ThebooktalksaboutFreudonlywhen

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theeditorsofthebookare

（

）.

5.Aproblemwiththishandbookisthat

（

）.

6.Withrespecttobeinganaidtoteachingpersonalitytheories，theauthorthinksthatthebook（

）.

问题1选项

A.aredifficulttocompile

B.areoftenconsideredboring

C.canbecomeoutdatedsoon

D.canmissalotofimportantinformation

问题2选项

A.focusontheoriesofpersonality

B.relatetopreviouspsychologists

C.discussresearchonpersonality

D.dealwithwhatisbeyondpsychology

问题3选项

A.histheoriesarecomparedwithothers

B.hiscontemporariesarementioned

C.thediscussionconcernshisideas

D.majorpersonalitytheoriesareinconflict

问题4选项

A.particularaboutthestructureofthebook

B.reservedinpresentingtheirownviews

C.defiantoftheauthorityinpsychology

D.successfulintheirmaterialselection

问题5选项

A.itiscostlytoaveragereaders

B.itispoorinideadevelopment

C.ithasnonameindex

D.ithastoomanychapters

问题6选项

A.leavesroomfortheinstructor’screativity

B.presentsachallengetocurrenttheories

C.containsthoroughknowledgeofpersonality

D.providesanintegratedsystemoftheories

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

第6题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第一段，根据“Handbooksarefrequentlyratherdrearyaffairs,occasionallyusefulassourcesandforcitationbutscarcelyworthreading.（手册常常是相当枯燥无味的东西，偶尔也可用作资料来源和引证，但几乎不值得一读。）”即可得出本题答案。

2.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第二段，根据“Tobeginwith,itiswhollyrefreshingtohaveacomprehensiveworkonpersonalitythatpaysnoparticularattentiontotheoriesofpersonality.（首先，它是完全令人耳目一新，有一个全面的人格工作，不特别关注人格理论。）”，结合题干中的否定词“doesnot...”，即可得出本题答案。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第二段倒数第二句，“TheoristssuchasFreudarementionedwhentheirviewsarerelevanttotopicsunderdiscussion,but,blessedly,nosummariesofthemajortheoriesareincluded.(像弗洛伊德这样的理论家，当他们的观点与正在讨论的话题相关时，会被提及，但幸运的是，没有包括对主要理论的总结。)”从而得出本题答案。

4.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第三段，根据“theychosewellandtheywereremarkablysuccessfulingettingtheparticipationofauthoritativescientists...(他们选择得很好，而且非常成功地获得了权威科学家的参与)”即可推断得出本题答案。

5.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第四段，根据“Itsonlyobviousdeficiencyisthelackofanameindex(它唯一明显的不足是缺少名称索引)”，即可得出本题答案。

6.细节推理题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段。根据“Thishandbookwould,Ithink,beasplendidtextbook,despitethethoroughnessofitscoverage,becauseitleavestheinstructorwiththechallengingbutengagingtaskofintegratingthematerial,whichwouldprovideanopeningforanyinstructorwitha

particulartheoreticalpassion，…”即可进行合理推断，从而得出本题答案。

5.单选题

Mr.Smithbecamevery____whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ingenious精巧的；新颖独特的B.empirical经验主义的

C.objective客观的D.indignant愤慨的；愤怒的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常……。根据逻辑，当有人指出自己错误的时候，人们会感到非常愤怒。因此史密斯先生被指出错误时会变得愤怒。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常愤怒。

6.单选题

Cryingishardlyanactivityencouragedbysociety.Tears,betheyofsorrow,anger,orjoy,typicallymakeAmericansfeeluncomfortableandembarrassed.Theshedderoftearsislikelytoapologize,evenwhenadevastating(毁灭性的)tragedywastheprovocation.TheobserverofWarsislikelytodoeverythingpossibletoputanendtotheemotionaloutpouring.Butjudgingfromrecentstudiesofcryingbehavior,linksbetweenillnessandcryingandthechemicalcompositionoftears,boththoseresponsestotearsareofteninappropriateandmayevenbecounterproductive.Humansaretheonlyanimalsdefinitelyknowntoshedemotionaltears.Sinceevolutionhasgivenrisetofew,ifany,purposelessphysiologicalresponses,itislogicaltoassumethatcryinghasoneormorefunctionsthatenhancesurvival.

Althoughsomeobservershavesuggestedthatcryingisawaytoelicitassistancefromothers(asacryingbabymightfromitsmother),thesheddingoftearsishardlynecessarytogethelp.Vocalcrieswouldhavebeenquiteenough,morelikelythantearstogainattention.So,itappears,theremustbesomethingspecialabouttearsthemselves.

Indeed,thenewstudiessuggestthatemotionaltearsmayplayadirectroleinalleviatingstress.UniversityofMinnesotaresearcherswhoarestudyingthechemicalcompositionoftearshaverecentlyisolatedtwoimportantchemicalsfromemotionaltears.Bothchemicalsarefoundonlyintearsthatareshedinresponsetoemotion.Tearsshedbecauseofexposuretocutonionwouldcontainnosuchsubstance.

Researchersatseveralotherinstitutionsareinvestigatingtheusefulnessoftearsasamemosofdiagnosinghumanillsandmonitoringdrugs.

AtTulaneUniversity’sTeatAnalysisLaboratoryDr.PeterKastlandhiscolleaguesreportthattheycanusetearstodetectdrugabuseandexposuretomedication(药物),todeterminewhetheracontactlensfitsproperlyofwhyitmaybeuncomfortable,tostudythecausesof”dryeye"syndromeandtheeffectsofeyesurgery,andperhapseventomeasureexposuretoenvironmentalpollutants.

AtColumbiaUniversityDr.LiasyFadsandcolleaguesarestudyingtearsforcluesIothediagnosisofdiseasesawayfromtheeyes.Tearscanbeobtainedpainlesslywithoutinvadingthebodyandonlytinyamountsareneededtoperformhighlyrefinedanalyses.

1.Itisknownfromthefirstparagraphthat（

）.

2.Whatdoes“boththoseresponsestotears"(Line6,Para,1)referto?

3.“Counterproductive”(Lines7,Para,1)veryprobablymeans“（

）”.

4.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcrying?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthenewstudiesoftears?

问题1选项

A.sheddingtearsgivesunpleasantfeelingstoAmerican

B.cryingmayoftenimitatepeopleorevenresultintragedy

C.cryingusuallywiresympathyfromotherpeople

D.onewhoshedstearsinpublicwillbeblamed

问题2选项

A.Cryingoutofsorrowandsheddingtearsforhappiness.

B.Theembarrassmentandunpleasantsensationoftheobservers.

C.Thetearshedder'sapologyandtheobserver’sefforttostopthecrying.

D.Linkingillnesswithcryingandfindingthechemicalcompositionoftears.

问题3选项

A.havingnoeffectatall

B.leadingtotension

C.producingdisastrousimpact

D.harmfultohealth

问题4选项

A.Itisapointlessphysiologicalresponsetotheenvironment

B.itmusthavearoletoplayinman’ssurvival

C.Itismeanttogetattentionandassistance.

D.Itusuallyproducesthedesiredeffect.

问题5选项

A.Emotionaltearshavethefunctionofreducingstress.

B.Exposuretoexcessivemedicationmayincreaseemotionalterns.

C.Emotionaltearscangiveriseto"dryeye'syndromeinsomecases

D.Environmentalpollutantscaninducethesheddingofemotionaltears.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段主要讲述了哭泣的负面影响。第一段第二句Tears,betheyofsorrow,anger,orjoy,typicallymakeAmericansfeeluncomfortableandembarrassed提到眼泪会让美国人感到不舒服以及尴尬，所以选项A符合题意。

2.文章第一段提到两种对于哭泣的反应，第一种“哭泣好像在为了某事在道歉”（Theshedderoftearsislikelytoapologize），第二种反应是“去阻止某人哭泣”（islikelytodoeverythingpossibletoputanendtotheemotionaloutpouring），选项C符合题意。

3.文章第一段最后一句boththoseresponsestotearsareofteninappropriateandmayevenbecounterproductive，从even这个词可知counterproductive比inappropriate要更强烈，选项D符合题意。

4.文章第一段itislogicaltoassumethatcryinghasoneormorefunctionsthatenhancesurvival提到眼泪在生存中的作用很大，选项B符合题意。

5.文章倒数第二段最后一句提到眼泪的作用之一：perhapseventomeasureexposuretoenvironmentalpollutants，选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthisperiodwantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman.Fulfillmentinlifebecameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiodhowpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposedandexperienced.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusicalthoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountriesthatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

21.Whatdoestheauthormeanbyusingtheunderlinedword“eventually”inPara.1?

22.Theunderlinedphrase“frownedon”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

23.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof____.

24.Accordingtothepassage,whywasBernardinoCirillodisappointedwiththemusicofhistime?

25.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

问题1选项

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid.

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”.

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians.

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet.

问题2选项

A.givenup

B.forgottenabout

C.arguedabout

D.disapprovedof

问题3选项

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

问题4选项

A.Itwasnotcomplexenoughtoappealtomusicians.

B.Ithadlittleemotionalimpactonaudiences.

C.Itwastoodependentontheartandliteratureofhistime.

D.Itdidnotcontainenoughreligiousthemes.

问题5选项

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】21.推理判断题。题干定位到文章的第二句话Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,“1855年，历史学家朱尔斯•米歇莱在他的《法国历史》中首次使用了这个词，随后被文化史学家、艺术史学家甚至音乐史学家采用”从句子里面的表示时间逻辑的词first、then我们可以推测eventually是表示时间顺序，所以答案选A选项“音乐历史学家在其他历史学家之后使用了‘文艺复兴’这个词”。

B选项“大多数音乐历史学家使用‘文艺复兴’这个词”，文章没有提及有多少音乐历史学家在使用这个单词，属于无中生有。

C选项“‘文艺复兴’一词被艺术史学家广泛使用，而不是音乐史学家”，文章没有提及文艺复兴这个词语没有流行于音乐历史学家，属于无中生有。

D选项“音乐历史学家使用的‘文艺复兴’一词与朱尔斯•米歇莱使用的非常不同”，文章没有提及“文艺复兴”这个词的词义变迁，属于无中生有。

22.词义推断题，第一步，句中前后信息衔接，定位到文章第一段倒数第二三句Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman.Fulfillmentinlifebecameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.“在生活中的满足成为一个理想的目标，并且表达整个人类的情感和享受感官的乐趣不再（）”，从这里可知，文意复兴就是回到以人为中心的理念上来，这句中and连接两个并列的句子，这两个句子都是用来说明文艺复兴时期出现的变化。第二步，上下文语义衔接，从第一段倒数第一句话Artistsandwritersnowturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.“艺术家和作家现在转向宗教题材，试图使他们的作品易于理解和吸引人”，从这里可以文意复兴时期艺术家从宗教回归到人本身，他们不但不排斥人的情绪反而推崇情绪并想尽办法让他们的作品更加动人，综上可知frownedon的意思是D选项“反对”，句意是“他们不再反对人类的情绪以及感官上的享受”。

A选项“放弃”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

B选项“忘记了”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

C选项“争论”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

23.词义推断题。定位到文章倒数第三四句话ScholarsandartistsofthisperiodwantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman.“这一时期的学者和艺术家想要恢复希腊和罗马古典文明的学问和理想。对这些学者来说，这意味着回归人类。”从这里可知那些学者的想法是让古希腊罗马的价值观重生也就是回到以人为本的观念中来，这里与人有关的选项只有C选项“强调人类价值的文化”。

A选项“欧洲艺术家之间的交流”，与题无关，欧洲的交流在文艺复兴前期就出现了否则文意复兴的思想不会传播的那么快。

B选项“日常生活中的灵性”，定位到第一段倒数第二句话Fulfillmentinlifebecameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.“在生活中的满足成为一个理想的目标，并且表达整个人类的情感和享受感官的乐趣不再被反对”，从这里可知重生不是指的人的精神而是指的人感官上的享受，这里属于张冠李戴。

D选项“与传统世俗主题相伴的艺术中的宗教主题”，定位到第一段倒数第一句话Artistsandwritersnowturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.“艺术家和作家现在转向宗教题材，试图使他们的作品易于理解和吸引人”，由此可知D选项错误，不是宗教事务伴随着传统的世俗事务，而是从宗教事务转向传统世俗事务，这里属于偷换概念。

24.词义推断题。定位到第二段倒数第二三句Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirillo…“他们了解了古代音乐打动听者的力量，并想知道为什么现代音乐没有同样的效果。例如，有影响力的宗教领袖贝纳迪诺•西里洛……”，从这里可知引出西里洛不满的目的只是为了举例，说明古代音乐打动听者但是现在音乐就没有这种效果了，西里洛非常不满，希望音乐也能像雕塑、戏剧一样对古代文化进行重新发掘，所以B选项“它对观众的情感影响很小”正确。

A选项“它不够复杂，不足以吸引音乐家”，见正确选项，从这里可知不满是因为现在音乐打动不了听者而不是音乐家，所以A选项错误，这里属于张冠李戴。

C选项“它太依赖于他那个时代的艺术和文学”，文章没有提及。

D选项“它没有包含足够的宗教主题”，定位到第一段倒数第一句话Artistsandwritersnowturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.“艺术家和作家现在转向宗教题材，试图使他们的作品易于理解和吸引人”，从中可知文艺复兴时期的艺术家都是从宗教事务转向世俗事务，所以作为一个文艺复兴时期的艺术家不会因为宗教成分过少而感到不满所以D选项错误。

25.事实细节题。定位到文章最后一段第二句话Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountriesthatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.“此外，音乐在这一个半世纪中变化如此之快——尽管在不同的国家变化速度不同，以至于我们无法定义一种单一的文艺复兴风格”，从这里可知答案选D选项“在文艺复兴时期，音乐从不是一成不变的”。

B选项“音乐文艺复兴的时间太短，不足以产生一种新的音乐风格”，见正确选项解析，不是文艺复兴时间段太短了导致没有音乐风格而是文艺复兴时期出现的音乐风格太多导致无法给他们下一个明确的定义，这里属于偷换概念。

A选项“音乐文艺复兴的定义是技术而不是风格”定位到最后一段第一句话ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.“欧洲的音乐文艺复兴与其说是一套特定的音乐技巧，不如说是一种普遍的文化运动和心理状态”，这里虽然表述正确，但是与题无关所以不选，属于出处错误。

C选项“文艺复兴时期的音乐家采用了希腊和罗马音乐家的风格”虽然文章有提及整个文艺复兴是对古希腊罗马文化的借鉴重生，但是不是为什么音乐界的文艺复兴风格缺失的原因与题无关所以不选，属于出处错误。

8.单选题

Contestantswhodonotcomplywiththeregulationswillbedisqualified.

问题1选项

A.cooperatewith

B.observe

C.submitto

D.approve

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项cooperatewith“与……合作”；B选项observe“观察”；C选项submitto“服从”；D选项approve“批准”。句意：不遵守规定的选手将被取消资格。划线部分complywith是遵守的意思。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Trynottosayanythinghurtfultoher.Sheisavery（

）person.

问题1选项

A.sensible

B.sensitive

C.tough

D.reasonable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sensible“明智的，合乎情理的”；B选项sensitive“敏感的，易受影响的”；C选项tough“坚强的，强壮的”；D选项reasonable“合理的”。句意：不要说任何伤害她的话。她是非常（）的人。根据前面一句，不要说任何伤害她的话，所以可以推测“她”可能会比较敏感，所以答案选B。

10.单选题

Judgesare（）increasinglyheavyfinesforminordrivingoffences.

问题1选项

A.requiring

B.demanding

C.imparting

D.imposing

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。demanding“需要；要求”；imparting“给予；传授”；imposing

“强加；征税；处以……”，根据drivingoffences“交通违法行为”，和fines“罚金”，可知此处应该使用动词imposing，故正确答案为选项D。句意为：交警对于轻微的交通违法行为处以越来越重的罚款。

11.单选题

OnemotivationalanalystwhobecamecurioustoknowtherehadbeensuchagreatriseinimpulsebuyingatsupermarketswasJamesVicary.Hesuspectedthatsomespecialpsychologymustbegoingoninsidethewomenastheyshoppedinsupermarkets.Hissuspicionwasthatperhapstheyunderwentsuchanincreaseintensionwhenconfrontedwithsomanypossibilitiesthattheywereforcedintomakingquickpurchases.Hesetouttofindoutifthisweretrue.Thebestwaytodetectwhatwasgoingoninsidetheshopperwasthroughtheuseofagalvanometerorliedetector.Thatobviouslywasimpractical.Thenextbestthingwastouseahiddenmotion-picturecameraandrecordtheeye-blinkrateofthewomenastheyshopped.Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension.Theaverageperson,accordingtoMr.Vicary,normallyblinkshiseyesabout32timesaminute.Ifheistense,heblinksthemmorefrequently;and,underextremetension,hemayblinkupto50or60timesaminute.Ifheisnotablyrelaxed,ontheotherhand,hiseye-blinkratemaydroptoasubnormaltwentyorless.

Mr.Vicarysetuphiscamerasandstartedfollowingtheladiesastheyenteredthestore.Theresultswerestartling,eventohim.Theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute.TheladiesfellintowhatMr.Vicarycallsahypnoidaltrance,alightkindoftrancethat,heexplains,isthefirststageofhypnosis.Mr.Vicaryhasdecidedthatthemaincauseofthetranceisthatthesupermarketispackedwithproductswhichinformeryearswouldhavebeenitemsonlykingsandqueenscouldhaveaffordedandhereinthisfairylandtheywereavailabletoall.Mr.Vicarytheorizes:’’Justwithinthisgeneration,anyonecanbeakingorqueenandgothroughthesestoreswheretheproductssay'buymebuyme”.

1.Vicary'scuriositywasarousedbythefactthat

（

）.

2.Accordingtothearticle,eye-blinkrateisanindicationof（

）.

3.Mr.Vicary’stest

（

）.

4.Afterhistests,Mr.Vicaryconcludedthat

（

）.

5.Thearticleimpliedbutnotstated（

）.

问题1选项

A.therewasadecreaseinsalesinsupermarkets

B.womenwereshowingstrongresistancetoproductsinsupermarkets

C.thereseemedtobenologicinwomen’sbuyinghabits

D.womenwereshoppingverycarefully

问题2选项

A.thetruthorfalsityofastatement

B.thementalabilityofaperson

C.bloodpressure

D.theemotionalstateofaperson

问题3选项

A.provedhisoriginalhypothesistobetrue

B.provedthatthetensionofawomanshopper,afterenteringstore,decreasedratherthanincreased

C.nullifiedtheeye-blinkrateasameasurementoftension

D.showedthatawoman’sreactiontotheproductsinasupermarketisimpossibletodetermine.

问题4选项

A.shoppingwasapttocreateseriousnervousdisorders

B.asupermarketisfantasticplace

C.womenareentrancedbythemanywonderfulitemsavailableinsupermarkets

D.womendevelopaninferioritycomplexwheninsupermarkets

问题5选项

A.Quickpurchasesaretheresultofinnertension

B.Thefirststageofhypnosisisalighttrance

C.Researchconductedbymotivationanalysiscandisprovetheiroriginalpremises

D.Supermarketsseekingafairylandatmosphereshouldinstallhiddenmoviecameras

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到Vicaiy对女性冲动购物越来越好奇，从而想去探究一番，选项A“超市上销量减少”，选项B“女性对超市产品表现出强烈的抵制”，选项D“女性购物很谨慎”，这三个都不是引发这位研究者好奇心的原因，选项C符合题意。

2.文章第一段Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension提到眨眼睛的频率可以反映一个人内心的紧张程度，选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段提到Vicary拿起了隐藏的摄像机，进入了商店。通过实践得知，并没有像他预想的那样，女性进入商店后，她们的眨眼率没有增加，而是减少了(theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute)，选项B符合题意。

4.文章第二段提到女性进入商店后，进入了一种Vicarys称之为催眠的状态。Vicary认为超市中摆满了在以前只有王室才用得起的商品，而现在一般人都可以用，而这就是使女性进入催眠的缘由，选项C“女性为超市里那些商品着迷”符合题意。

5.题干的要求是文章暗含了但是没有写出来的是什么。文章讲述了Vicary出于对女性冲动购物的好奇而用影藏摄像机在超市进行跟拍，想根据女性购物使眨眼的次数来判断她们购物时的紧张程度。但是跟他预期不同的是，她们眨眼的次数不但没有上升，反而下降了，原因是女性在购物的时候，全身放松，非常舒坦。所以这个结果推翻了原来的结论，选项C符合题意。

12.论述题

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheremark’'Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass"Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotomakeyourlifemoremeaningful.Youshouldwriteatleast200words.PutyouressayonAnswerSheet.PartICloze

【答案】略

13.单选题

Thetragicimpactofmoderncityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetics.Thematerialbenefitsofanaffluentsocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialtotheproductsofscienceandtechnology:washingmachines,centralheating,automaticcookers,televisionsets,computersandfittedcarpets.Heis,atthemoment,drunkwithdemocracy,well-to-do,andhasneverhaditsogood.

Heisreluctanttowalk.Statisticaldatarevealthatthedistanceheispreparedtowalkfromhisparkingplacetohisshoppingcenterisveryshort.Astherearenoadequateoffstreetparkingfacilities,thecitiesarelitteredwithkerb-parkedcars,andparkingmetersrearthemselveseverywhere.Congestionhasbecomethepredominantfactorinhisenvironment,andstatisticssuggestthattwocarsperhouseholdsystemmaysoonmakemattersworse.

Inthemeantime,insultisaddedtoinjuryby“landvalue”.Thevalueoflandresultsfromitsuse:itsincomeisderivedfromtheserviceitprovides.Whenitsuseisintensified,itsincomeanditsvalueincrease.“Puttinglandtoitshighestandbestuse”becomestheprincipaleconomicstandardinurbangrowth.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadstothe“vertical”growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestioninordertomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.

Partialdecentralization,orratherpseudo-decentralization,intheformoflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncenters,onlyshiftsthediseaseroundtheanatomyofthetown:ifitisnotcombinedwiththeremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystem,itdoesnotcureit.Heretheengineeringsolutionsarestronglyaffectedbythenecessityforcomplicatedintersections,which,inturn,arefrustratedbytheextravagantcostofland.

Itiswithinourpowertobuildbettercitiesandrevivethecivicprideoftheircitizens,butweshallhavetostopoperatingonthefringeoftheproblem.Weshallhaveradicallytore-planthemtoachievearationaldensityofpopulation.Weshallhavetoprovideinthemwhatcanbecalledminimum“psychologicalelbowroom.”Oneoftheingredientsofthiswillbepropertransportationplans.Thesewillhavetobeanintegralpartoftheoverallplanningprocesswhichinitselfisascientificprocess.Ifwewanttoplaneffectively,wemustcollect,inanorganizedmanner,allandcompleteinformationaboutthecityorthetown.Inthisprocess,wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeopl