小升初-英语讲义

小升初英语基本语法与练习一、名词的数在英语中，名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数名词表示一个可数事物。复数名词表示两个或两个以上的可数事物。可数名词可分为单数和复数两种形式：表示•个人或事物的名词用单数形式，在使用时，前面一般加不定冠词a或an,表示两个或两个以上的人或事物的名词用复数形式，一般是在词干后附加词尾s或es,如：bags,boxes名词单数变复数具体规则如下：.规则变化①一般在名词后加s.如boy->boys,pen-pens等。②以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在后面加es.如class-classes,但stomach的复数为stomachs.③"以辅音字母+y”结尾的，y变为i,然后再加es.如baby-*babies.④以f或fe结尾的名词把f或fe改为v,再加es.如knife,half,leaf,wolf等。⑤以o结尾的名词，除tomato,potato等少数在后面加es外，一般是在后面直接加s.如kilo_*kilos,photo-*photos,zoo—zoos,radio-*radios,piano-*pianos,video-*videos..不规则变化man->men,woman-women,foot->feet,tooth-*teeth,,child-children,mouse-*mice单复数形式相同如：sheep-ksheep,deer—deer,Japanese-*Japanese,Chinese-*Chinese等。③有些名词形式上是单数，实为复数意义，通常被称为复数名词，如：people,police等。由・man和-woman构成的合成词如：policemanfpolicemen,Englishman-*Englishmen,Englishwoman-Englishwomen但German不是合成诃，故复数形式为Germans.另外被man或woman修饰的名词变复数时，两个名词都要变。例：amandoctor-*twomendoctorsawomanteacher-^somewomenteachers但：appletreeappletrees⑤有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes,trousers,glasses,chopsticks⑥数词+名词作定语时，常采用数词+单数名词形式，如atwo-weekholiday,an8-yearoldgirl.另一种常见的形式有fiveminutes*walk,twodays'leave等。3）不可数名词没有单复数形式，要表示不可数名词的数量，可用以下两种方法。①用much,alittle,alotof/lotsofsome,any等修饰不可数名词。如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney.②可用表单位的词修饰不可数名词，如：apieceofpaper,twopiecesofpaper,abottleoforange,aglassofmilk,threebagsofrice。二、名词的格1）表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加，s.如：myfathersstudy以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加’如：theteachers'readingroom教师阅览室;不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加如：thewomen'sshoes女式鞋子。如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加二如果不是共有的，则两个名词之后都要加•如：JaneandHelen'sroom珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）BilikandTomiradios比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）2）表示无生命的东西，一般用of+名词的结构。如：amapofChina练习：.写出下列名词的复数形式。watch 11.strawberry.child 12.thief.photo 13.girlstudent.diary 14.mandoctor.day 15.womannurse.foot 16.peartree.book 17.peach.dress 18.box.tooth 19.baby.deer20.German.翻译下列词组。.一些桃子10.我的自行车.五袋大米11.教师节.八只脚12.三八妇女节.二十颗牙齿13.二张纸.三瓶果汁14.四个男医生 .四十个女警察15.七颗梨树.十二把小刀]6.-副世界地图 .九个德国人17.Helen的朋友.许多孩子18.双胞胎的妈妈III.按要求改写下列句子。Thereisanorangetreeinthegarden.（改为复数句）Sheisagoodteacher,（改为复数句）havesomeinterestingstorybooks.（改为单数句）Therearesomewomenteachersoverthere.（改为单数句）-Whatisit?-It'sabox.（改为复数句）

IV.单项选择。()1.MrSmithisfather.Theyaretwinsisters.A.Mary*sandJohn'sB.Mary*sandJohnC.MaryandJohn's()2.Sheneeds.A.aglasswaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassesofwaters()3.Therearefive一A.womanteacher()4.Therearemany()3.Therearefive一A.womanteacher()4.Therearemanyfoodinourschool.Bwomanteachersinthefridge.breadC.womenteachersC.vegetables()5.I'mthirsty.IthinkIllbuysome.A.water B.eggs C.cakes( )6.Johnbought forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoe( )7.-Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch,sir?-Fdlike.!A.chickenB.achickenC.chickensD.thechicken( )8.Therearefive inourfactory.A.womandriverB,womendriverC.womandriversD.womendrivers( )9.Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.It*sabout.A.thirtyminutes'swalkB.thirtyminute'swalkC.thirtyminutes*walkD.thirtyminuteswalk( )10.turnyellowinautumn.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs( )11.Willyoupleaseshowmethewaytotheshop?A.shoeB.shoes'C.shoesD.shoe's( )12.hardworkitis!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa( )13.Hisfamilyahappyone.A.beB.areC.isD.was( )14.1mettwointhestreetyesterdaymorning.A.GermanB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Japanese( )15.Mygrandparentslikeverymuch,sotheygrowsomeintheirgardeneveryyear.vegetable,vegetableB.vegetable,vegetablesC.vegetables,vegetablesD.vegetables,vegetableV.用所给单词的正确形式填空。Howmany(sheep)arethereonthehill?Thereissome(food)inthebasket.Thebabyhasonlytwo(tooth)now.Thereisalotof(water)inthebottle.Therearefive(people)inhisfamily.Let*stake(photo),OK?7.1havelotsof(tomato)here.The(leaf)onthetreeturnyellow.Their (dictionary)looknew.Therearemany(fbx)inthepicture.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent(idea).Wouldyoulikesome(tomato)?Jimhassome(knife).Thegirlunderthetreeisafriendof(Lucy).小升初英语基本语法与练习二代词知识要点代词是用来代替人、事物等名词的词。(1)人称代词.人称代词有人称、数和格之分，在句子中作主语用主格，作宾语或表语用宾格。.在比较句型中的连词后，可以用主格也可用宾格。.句子中同时有几个人称代词出现时，一般按第二人称、第三人称、第一人称的顺序。(2)物主代词.形容词性物主代词y与名词性物主代词关系为：名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。.双重所有格：名词+of+名称性物上代词.Annisafriendofmymother's..名词性物主代词用在比较句型中表示与前文中的比较对象相呼应。Myfatherisolderthanyours.(yours指的是yourfather)我我们你你们他她它他们主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves(3)指示代词：指近处：this—these指远处：that—those(4)反身代词：在英语中用来表示“我自己，、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词常用的固定短语有bymyself,enjoyoneself,helponeselflo,等5)疑问代词：疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的，疑问代词一-般位于句子开头。常用的有who,whom,whose,which,what等.练习：I用相应的人称代词替换下列单词或词组.Lucy6.Mike'sfatherandmother.MrWhite7.youandSue.theman8.thedesk.MaryandI9.MrsGreen.EdandJim10.manysheepIL用适当的人称代词填空。l.That'sTom'sbook.Pleasegiveto..They'renewstudentshere.Wouldyoupleaselookafter?.Hissisterisanurseinthehospital.Doyouknow?.Thisisabedroom,thereisabedin..isatallandprettygirl..用适当的物主代词填空。.Look,thisisnewbike.Ilikeitverymuch..Wehavetwonewfriends,namesareSamandTim..Youmustlookafterthings..Maryusuallygoesshoppingwithparents..Lookatschool,it'sbigandbeautiful.Weloveitverymuch.IV.根据所给汉语完成句子。.Whichstoryisbetter,（你的）or（他的）？.Look!Thatis（我的）bike.Whereis （你的）？.（我们的）houseislargerthan.（他们的）.4.1haveacat.（它的）nameisMimi.5,Theseare（她的）books,（他的）areoverthere.6.isaisDavid,（he）7.isanicegirl,nameisJenny,（she）8.1sEnglishnameFrancisco?（you）.Whatisphonenumber?（he）.Howdospellname?（you）ILsisterisateacher.（she）V.用适当的指示代词（this,that,these,those）填空。pensaremine.Thoseareyours.-What'soverthere?-It'sacar.Look,rulerislongerthanthatone.-Hello!Who'sspeaking?-Hello!isMaryspeaking.WangLin,ismybrotherMike.VI.用适当的疑问词填空。-areyoudoing?-I'mreadingbooks.- T-shirtisthis?-It'sTom's.doyoulikebetter,thisoneorthatone?- isthemaninthecar?-He*smyuncle.-Todidyoutalklastnight?-Myclassmate,Jim.VIL单项选择。( )1.Theseareoranges.Thoseareoranges.A.my,yours B.his,her C.ours,their( )2.areinthesameclass.ChineseteacherisMissGao.A.Their,TheirB.We,TheirC.They,their( ).3isagoodteacher.alllike.A.He,They,her B.She,They,him C.She,We,her( )4.MrGreenteachesEnglish.Helikesverymuch.A.us,them B.them,they C.me,me( )5.areinthesameschool.A.I,youandheB.you,heandIC.He,Iandyou( )6.1metKateon wayhomeyesterday.A.myB.meC.hisD.him( )7.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithaclassmateof.A.herB.hersC.theirD.theirs( )8.-Whichofthesetwosweaterswillyoutake?-1*11take.Theylooknearlythesame,andIjustneedone.A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.all( )9.Hehastwobasketballs.Oneisnew, isold.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others( )10.1haveboughtanewwatchbecausemyolddoesn'twork.A.itB.oneC.thatD.this( )11.-CanyouspeakRussian?-Yes,butonly .A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew( )12.-Whatwouldyouliketohave,teaormilk?-I'dliketohaveaglassofwater.A.EachB.NeitherC.EitherD.Both( )13.MycarwasbrokenandIdidn'tknowtodo.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.how( )14.Therearemanytrees_oftheroad!Andofthetreesisgrowinglargerandlarger.A.onbothside,anumberB.oneachsides,anumberC.onbothsides,thenumberD.oneveryside,thenumber( )15.-Didshegotoschoolwhenshewasyoung?-No.Shetaughtathome.A.herB.herselfC.hersD.she小升初英语基本语法与练习三形容词、副词知识要点1）英语中大多数形容词、副词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。如：Johnisatallboy.两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如:JimistallerthanJohn.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。Mikeisthetallestofthethreeboys.（形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the）.形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化规则变化①单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级+er最高级+estsmall-smaller-smallest等②以e结尾的词，比较级+r,最高级+st即可nice-nicer-nicest③以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i+er或esteasy-easier-easiest④双写最后一个辅音字母+er或esthot-hotter-hottest@一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most,如：difficult-moredifficult—mostdifficult不规则变化：good/we11—better-best,bad-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastfar—further—furthest（表示程度） far—farther—farthest（表示远近）old—older-oldest（表新旧）old—elder—eldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼）.比较级前的修饰词：alittle,alot,much,even;far;still4）形容词、副词比较级的特殊用法①形容词/副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词（+介词短语）“表示“比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是"最……二例如，Mikegetstoschoolearlierthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearlierthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearlierthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Mikegetstoschoolearliestinhisclass.注意：MikegetstoschoolearlierthananystudentinTom'sclass.②"the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+ ”表示”…是两者中较…的”。如，Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.③”比较级+and+比较级“表示”越来越 Heisgettingtallerandtaller.④"the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越,,,,越…,Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyoullmake5）.最高级常用句型结构①”主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示” 是 中最 的如，Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.②"主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语"表示"…是……中最 之一”。如，BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.③序数词+最高级HainanIslandisthesecondlargestislandinChina.练习：I.写出所给词的反义词。.young 6.better.white 7.longer.big 8.thinner.left 9.far.fast 10.light.用所给词的正确形式填空。Mariais(thin).Lucyis(thin)thanMary.Mikeis(heavy)boyinhisclass.Tomisas(tall)asJim.4.1ammuch(well)thanyesterday.Thisskirtis(expensive)ofthethree.Theweathertodayis(hot)thanitwasyesterday..Lucywrites(careful)thanherbrother.8)Todayis(busy)daythisweek.9)Thatis (easy)ofall..Heis(clever)boyintheclass..Johnis (short)thanTom..Thisboxis(heavy)thanthatone.in、根据所给汉语完成句子exerciseyoutake,(你锻炼越多就会越强壮)youwillbe.Whojumped(最远)ofallinthelongjump?Lucysaysshewillwritetoyouback(尽可能快地)。Thereare(如此多的人)thatwecantseeeachother.-(何时何地)shallwemeet?-Let'smeetoutsidetheschoolgatetomorrowafternoon.IV、单项选择( )1.-TomistheoneIwanttoworkwith.Heisalwayscomplaining.-Bemorepatient.Heisstillagoodboy.A.bestB.last C.firstD.only( )2.WewanttogotoJapantohaveastudy.A.fartherB.farthestC.furtherD*furthest()3.Themeetinghallistohold5000people.A.largeenoughB.enoughlargeC.solargeD.toolarge( )4.Whenspringcomes,thetreesget.

A.greenandgreenB.greenandgreenerC.greenerandgreenD.greenerandgreener( )5.MybrotheristhreeyearsthanI.A.old;olderB.elder;olderC.older;elderD.old;elder( )6.He'stohearthebadnews.A.sorryB.badC.happyD.well( )7.Thesnowisoveronemeterwhenit*swinterhere.A.longB.highC.thickD.this( )8.Thisbookisworthseeingagain.A.veryB.quite C.wellD.much( )9.Mysistersattometolistentothestory.A.closeB.closelyC.nearbyD.with( )10.Thesportscarisrunning,Itseemstobeflying.A.fastandfastB.moreandfastC.moreandfasterD.fasterandfaster( )11.Yourunforustocatchupwithyou.A.toofastB.sofastC.tooslowlyD.soslowly()12.Don*tlookthewindow?WeYehavingaclass.A.outofBoutfromC.downofD.out.( )13.Thisyearourschoolisthanitwaslastyear.A.muchmorebeautifulB.muchbeautifulC.themostbeautifulD.beautiful( )14.thegroundis,airbecomes.A.Thehigh;thethinB.Thehighest;thethinnestC.Thehigher;thethinerD.Thehigher;thethinner( )15.Johnisofthetwoboys.A.tallB.tallestC.thetallest.D.thetaller.( )16.-WhydoesPeterlikemooncakeswithnutsinsteadoftheoneswitheggs?-Becausehethinksthemooncakeswithnutsare.A.cheapB.dearC.worseD.nicer()17.SheisthanIA.aheadtallerB.atallerheadC.talleraheadD.headtaller( )18.Parisisoneofcitiesintheworld.beautifulA.morebeautifullyB.morebeautifulC.themostbeautifullyD.themostbeautiful( )19.ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChina.A.bigB.biggestC.thebigD.thebiggest( )20.-MrZhou,ofallthestudentsinourgroup,wholives ?-IthinkLiLeidoes.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.thefarther( )21.BobneverdoeshishomeworkMary,hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyas D.ascarefulas.( )22.Mysisterisgoodatsports,Shecanjumpthanme.A.highestB.veryhighC.toohighD.muchhigher( )23.TheYellowRiverisoneof inChina.A.thelongestriversB.thelongerriverC.thelongestriverD.thelongriver( )24.1don'tfeel togotoworktoday.I'mill.A.goodenoughB.wellenoughC.enoughwellD.enoughgood( )25.Bequiet,class!Ihave totellyou.A.importantanythingB.importantsomethingC.anythingimportantD.somethingimportantV、同义句转换Mathisthemostdifficultofallthesubjects.Mathisdifficultthanothersubject.Mathisdifficultthanothersubjects.Joeisn'tastallasLucy..JoeisthanLucy.Kateis10yearsold.Tomis12yearsold.KateisTom.TomisKate.Thebagistooexpensiveformetobuy.Thebagisformetobuy.小升初英语基本语法与练习四数词知识要点表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。1)基数词：在十位数词和个位数词中间加上连字符"・"。如：21twenty-one'基数词三位以上的数词，在百位和十位之间，-,般要用连词"and"。如：132onehundredandthirty-two.表示"万"的词英语中没有。如1万可用10千来表示。tenthousand.30万可用threehundredthousand来表示。基数词的用法：.编号的事物用基数词：如：LessonFive,Room101.表示“年，月，日“时用基数词。.表示“几点钟，几点过几分”用基数词。Itistwototwo.现在是两点差两分。.加减乘除用基数词。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于三。Eightminusfourisfour.八减四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四.Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除二等于五。5表示百分数用基数词.Thirtypercentofthemiswater.它们当中有30%的水。.表示分数时，分子数字用基数词，但分母要用序数词，如分子不是1,序数词要用复数形式。One-fifthofthebooksaremine.三分之一的书是我的。Three-tenthsofwaterisdisappeared. 十分之三的水不见了。2)序数词：表示数目顺序的词用序数词。.序数词1—19除第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九，第十二变化不规则外,其余均由在基数词后加上-the

.十位整数的序数词的构成方法是，是将十位整数基数词的词尾-y变成i再加-etho.几十几的序数词，只是把个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。.第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。onehundredandtwenty-first,onethousand,threehundredandtwentieth5,序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。first—1stsecond—2ndthird—3rdfourth—4thsixth—6thtwentieth—20thtwenty-third—23rd其中1st,2nd,3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。.通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再”，“又”.We'vetrieditthreetimes.Mustwetryitafourthtime?.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后（名词需大写）即可，不需要添加定冠词。thefirstlesson-LessonOne,thefifthPage5,thetwenty-firstroom-Room21练习( )1.1*vereadsportsnewsabouttheF1racetoday.twoB.piecesC.twopiecesD.twopiecesof()2.DuringWorldWarILaJewish(犹太)ladywasprotectedbyalocalfamilyinShanghaiinher.A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethD.thefiftieth( )3.Theriverthroughourcity,whichisabout,iscleanagain.A.6000meterslong B.6000-metres-longC.6000-metre-long D.6000meterlong( )4.1studyinYuCaiMiddleSchool.Therearetwostudentsinourschool.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsofholiday.D.two-month'sholiday.D.two-month'sA.atwo-monthB.twomonthsC.two-months( )6.-WhenwasthePLAfounded?-Itwasfoundedon.A.July1.A.July1.1921C.May1.1922( )7.InthepasttwotallestisanA.80-floorbuildingC.80-floorbuildingsD.August1.1927years,manytallbuildingshavebeenbuiltinourcity.Thethatstandsinthecentre.60-floorbuildingD.70floorsbuilding()8.Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty*butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were；wasB.was；wasC.was；wereD.were；were\( )9.-Howsoonwillyoufinishyourwork?-Inabout.A.oneandahalfmonthB.onemonthandahalfoneandhalfamonthD.amonthandhalf( )10.-Wouldyoulikesomefruit,madam?-Oh,yes.，please.A.5kilobananas B.5kilosofbananasC.5kiloofbananas D.5kilosofbanana小升初英语基本语法与练习五动词知识要点动词表示人或事物的动作或状态。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是实义动词（指某个具体的静态如：think,love等或动态如：run,walk等）、系动词（常用的是be,feel,get,look,taste等）、助动词（常用的是do,does,did等用来构成否定句及疑问句）、情态动词（常用的有can,may,must,shall,should等，情态动词后一定要跟动词原形）。1）动词的基本形式绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、•般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。A.第三人称单数形式的构成一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es,其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同：.一般情况下只在动词后加s,如work-works,write-writes..以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词，后加es,如guess-guesses,mix-mixes,finish-finishes,catch-catches..以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加es,如study-studies.注：不规则变化的有have-hasB.现在分词的构成.一般情况下在动词后加ing,如study-studying,work-working..以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掠e再加ing,如write-writing,move-moving..以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再力口ing,如get-getting,begin-beginning..以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y,再加ing,如lie-lying,die-dying,tie-tying.C.过去式和过去分词的构成.一般情况直接加ed,如ask-asked,work-worked..以不发音的e结尾，只加d,iUlove-loved,dance-danced..以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i加ed,如try・tried,study-studied..以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，先双写末尾一个字母,再力口ed,如stop-stopped.练习：I.用be动词的适当形式填空.yourfatheraworker?Yes,he..Theyintheclassroom..Wheremybooks?.Theseherpears..HowmuchtheT-shirt?.Howmuchthesocks?.Ourmotherfortylastyear..Youcaninourschoolmusicclub..Let'sfriends..HeandIfriends..Someoneintheroom..Theresomeapplesonthetableyesterday.II.划出每句中正确的词l.(Is/Are)hiseraseronthesofa?2.(Where/What)areyourbaseball?3.(Do/Does)Maryhaveaclock?4.(Are/Do)theywanttoseeamovie?5.(Is/Can)sheplaytheviolin?6.1(donVdoesn't)likehamburgers.7.WhydoesAlice(likesZlike)music?8.Who(am/is)yourfather?9.(What/What*s)herfavoritesubject?10.Howmuch(are/is)hersocks?11.1(am,is,was,were)busylastweek.12.TomandI(am,are,was,were)lateforschoolyesterday.13.1(walk,walks,walked,walking)toschoollastSaturday.14.Rose(doesnot,didnot,)visitherunclelastmonth.15.There(is,was,are,were)alotofpeopleovertheretenyearsago..写出下列动词的第三人称单数、现在分词和过去式。如：look-looks-looking-lookeddrink go stay make teach ride have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush read run write swim get say take begin dance .用所给词的正确形式填空。Letme(help)youfindyourpurse.Wouldyoulike(buy)thingsforNewYear'sDay?1like(make)kites.Hecan(skate)betterthanME.Youmust(listen)toyourteacherinclass.Theyenjoy(play)basketball.Shewants(watch)cartoons.It'stimeforus(read)books.知识要点.一般现在时一般现在时的用法：.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。.有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作(句中都带有时间状语)，但限于少数动词，如：begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。如：Themeetingbeginsatseven.会议7点开始。.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。如：Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wellhaveameeting.如果你今天下午来，我们将开会。一般现在时的结构：Lbe动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，耍在动词后加|“-s"或“-es＜如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时常用的时间词：often,usually,sometimes,everyday(week,year...)等。练习：I.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.—Whatday(be)ittoday?-It'sSaturday改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.Shedon*tdoherhomeworkonSundays.知识要点3).现在进行时现在进行时的用法：.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的结构：be+动词ing.现在进行时常见的标志词：now,Look!Listen!现在进行时还可以表示将来.如：HeisflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.他明天将乘飞机去北京。练习：I.用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen!Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look!They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It*s5o'clocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.It'steno'clock.Mymother(lie)inbed.Whathe(mend)?We(play)gamesnow.Whatyou(do)thesedays?he (clean)theclassroom?Who(sing)inthenextroom?Thegirl(like)wearingasweaterLook!She(wear)aredsweatertoday.IL单项选择()1.Look!Hetheirmotherdothehousework.A.ishelpingB.arehelpC.ishelp D.ishelpping()2.aretheboysdoing?Theyaresingingintheroom.A.WhoB.HowC.What D.Where()3.Don'ttalkhere.MymotherA.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleep()4.Danny.Don'tcallhim.A.iswriteingB.iswritingC.writingD.writes()5.-Whenheback?-Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.does,comeB.are,comingC.is,come D.is,coming()6.Thechildrenfootball.A.isplayingB.areplayingC.playtheD.playa()7.Listen!Sheintheclassroom.A.issingingB.singC.tosingD.issing()8.It'ssixintheafternoon.TheGreenslunchtogether.A.hasB.arehavingC.havehadD.hadhad()9.SomeGermans(visit)ourschool.A.isvisiting B.arevisiting C.visit Dvisiting()10.1wanttoknowwhenheforNewYorktomorrow.A.hasleft B.isleavingC. hadleft D.hasbeenleavingA.isvisiting B.arevisiting C.visit Dvisiting()15.SomeGermans(visit)ourschool.知识要点4).一般将来时一般将来时的用法：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。一般将来时的基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.一般将来时常用的时间词：tomorrow,nextweek(month,year-•"),soon,thedayaftertomorrow,in+一段时间等。练习：I.填空。.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends..下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我将去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketbal1.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball..你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?.用所给词的适当形式填空。.Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon..Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek..Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrainy.He(go)toschoolbybike..Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?1t'sFridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.Whatyou(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.1(plan)fbrmystudynow知识要点5).一般过去时一般过去时的用法：间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或状态。过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Iboughtanewshirtyesterday.Hewasaworkertwoyearsago.过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g.WhenIwasachild,!oftenplayedwithfire.LiLeialwayswalkedtoschoollastterm.谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g.LuXunwasagreatwriter.一般现在时常用的时间词：yesterday或由其构成的短语,yesterdaymorning由“last”构成的短语lastyear由"时间段+ago”构成的短语，e.g.threedaysago;另外在宾语从句中主句为过去时,一般从句也用过去时.练习：I.单项选择。().1ShelivedtherebeforehetoChina.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming().2Ibutnothing.A.waslistened;washearingB.listened;heardC.havelistened;heardD.listened;heardof().3Whendidyouhere?A.gottoB.reachedC.arriveinD.reach().41myhomeworkat7:00yesterdayevening.A.didB.woulddoC.wasdoingD.do().5-Hewentshoppingwithyouyesterdayafternoon,didn'the?-.A.No,hedoesn'tB.Yes,hedidn'tC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedid.IL用所给词的正确形式填空。1They (be)onthefarmamomentago.2Jenny(notgo)tobeduntil11:(X)o'clocklastnight.(see)LiLei(go)outjustnow.He(do)hishomeworkeveryday.Buthe_(notdo)ityesterday.WhenIwasyoung,I(play)gameswithmyfriends.Whenyou(write)thisbook?Iitlastyear.Didhe(have)lunchathome?I(eat)thebreadbeforeIwenttoschool.小升初英语高频考点之必备的20组词语

辨析after,in这两个介词都可以表示“……（时间）以后”的意思？after以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?如:Shewentafterthreedays.她是三天以后走的？in以现在为起点，表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中?如:Shewillgointhreedays.她三天以后要走？howlong,howoften,howsoonhowlong指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间（如threedays,fourweeks等）提问？/llkHowlongagowasit?这是多久前的事了？howoften指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语（如onceaweek等）提问?如:一Howoftendoeshecomehere?一Onceamonth.他（每隔）多久来一次？每月一次？howsoon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的假n寸间（inanhour,intwoweeks等）提问？如:Howsooncanyoucome?你多快能赶来？few,afew,little,alittle,several,somefew和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而afew和alittle的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些,有一点儿”？few和afew修饰可数名词;little和alittle修饰不可数名词？several用于修饰可数名词,语意比afew和some更肯定，含有“好几个”的意思？some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词，从数量上说，它有时相当于afew或alittle，有时指更多一些的数量？theother,anothertheother指两个人或事物中的"另一个"，表示特指?如:Westoodononesideoftheroadandtheystoodontheother'.我们站在街这边，他们站在那边？another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”，表示泛指，所以常用来指至少三个中的个?如:Shehastakenanotherofmybooks.她已经拿了我的另外一本书？spend,take,cost,payspend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中，句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:Shespentthewholeeveninginreading.她把整个晚上用来读书？take常常用来指“花费”时间，句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:Howlongwillthisjobtakeyou?你做这项工作要花多长时间？cost指花费时间?金钱或力气等，只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:Howmuchdoesthejacketcost?这件夹克多少钱？pay主要指主语（某人）买某物（或为某事）付多少钱（给某人）?如:Ipayformyroomsbymonth.我按月支付租金？speak,say,talk,tell这四个动词都有“说”的意思?speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”，着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称?如:HecanspeakJapanese.他会说日语？say的意思是“说;讲”，一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容?它的宾语可以是名词?代词或直接引语等?如:Shesays,uDon,tdrawonthewall!她说：“别在墙上画画!”talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话"，与speak意义比较接近，但不如speak正式，着重强调两人之间的相互谈话，也可指单方面的谈话?如:SheistalkingwithJohninEnglish.她正在和约翰用英语交谈？tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐"，多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人，常接双宾语滁了story,news,truth,joke,lie（谎言）等直接宾语外，还可以接人等间接宾语?如:Sheistellingthechildrenastory.她正在给孩子们讲故事？among,betweenbetween的意思是“在中间，在之间"，一般指在两者之间？如:Thereisatablebetweentwowindows.在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子?between有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间，但那是指在每二者之间？如:therelationshipbetweendifferentprovincesandmuniciplities省市和省市之间的关系（这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?）among的意思是“在……中间?在……之中”，一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中?如:Theteacherdistributedthemamongthestudents.老师把这些东西分给了学生？beat,win这两个词都有“获胜，打败”的意思，但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败，优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:Webeatthem.我们打败了他们？win指“赢，获胜"，后面接比赛?名次?如:Wewonthematch/game/race/thefirstplace.我们赢了这场比赛（获得了第一名）？agreewith,agreeon,agreetoagreeon表示“就 取得•致意见”？如:Weallagreeon（making）anearlystart.我们一致同意及早出发？agreewith表示“与……意见一致"，后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见?看法的名词或what引导的从句?如:Iagreewithyouwithoutreservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见?Weagreewithwhatyousaidjustnow.我们同意你刚才所说的意见？agreeto后面不能接人，只能接”提议，计划，方案”等词句?如:Iagreetothetermsproposed.我同意拟议的条件？bring,take,carry,fetch这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思，但使用的场合各不相同？bring作“带来"解？如:Nexttimedon'tforgettobringmeacopyofyourwork.下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我？take是bring的对语，作“，拿去“解?如:Taketheboxaway,please.请把盒子拿走？carry表示“运载，携带”之意，运送的方式很多，可以用车?船，也可以用手甚至用头?如:Thisbusislicensedtocarry100passengers.这辆巴士准载一百人？fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思？如：Pleasefetchmethedocumentsinthatroom.请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我?each,every两词都是“每个”的意思，但着重点不同?each着重个别的情况,every着重全体，有饼有的”的意思?如:Sheknowseachstudentoftheclass.她认识这个班里的每一个学生?Sheknowseverystudentoftheclass.她认识这个班所有的学生？noone,nonenoone指“没有人(只能指人，不能用来指物)”，意思与nobody相同，作主语时不必跟of连用，如:Noonebelieveshimsinceheisnothonest.没有人相信他，因为他不诚实?NooneelsebutIwent.除我以外，谁也没去？none指“一个也没有(既