高考英语话题复习一轮主题训练（七）创新与创业意识Word版含解析

主题训练（七）创新与创业意识

大阅读一提升阅读速度.内化读文规律

（满分70分，限时55分钟）【.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AOntheoutside,NoaMintzisatypicalteen.Butwhileotherteensarechattingaboutgamesandclothes,Noaistextingthemanagershehiredtorunhergrowingbusiness.Noahasbeenheadingupherownnanny（保姆）agencysinceAugust2012.ShehiredAllisonJohnsonin2014tooverseeday-to-daybusinessoperationswhilesheattendedherfreshmanyearofhighschool.SherentsaroominanofficebuildinginMidtownManhattanwhereJohnsonworks.Likeanyteen,Noahashadtodependonherparentsforsomehelp.Herfatheristheregisteredownerofherbusiness.He'shelpedfrontmoneyforlegalfees.ButNanniesbyNoaisallherbrainchild.Theideacameaboutasaresultofachallengemadebyhermother：Findabetternannyfortheirfamily.Shedidjustthat,andthenshestartedhelpinghermothefsfriendsfindnannies."Ifounditfuntogettoknowafamilyandtheirneeds-andfindanannyaccordingly,“shesaid.Thus,NanniesbyNoawasborn.Itwasthesummerof2012,beforesheentered7thgrade.She*sdesignedathoroughreviewprocess:anapplication,anin-personinterviewwithatrainednanny,referenceandbackgroundcheckandaphoneinterview.Herbusinesshasseenaconsiderablesuccess:from50clients（客户）to2,000clientstoday.Atfirst,shecharged$100to$200."Iwasn^chargingenough.Evenclientswouldsay,Yourealizeyoushouldbechargingway,waymore,'"addedNoa,whoseclientsaremostlylookingforlong-termhelp.She'ssincechangedherbusinessmodel:NanniesbyNoanowtakesapercentageoftheoverallrate,whichistypically15%ofthenanny,sfirstyearsalary.WhileNoasaidshehasotherbusinessideas,shealsowouldn*truleoutothercareers."Perhapsrilstartanothercompany.Wewillsee,“saidNoa.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一位青少年创业成功的故事。1.HowdoesJohnsonhelpNoa?A・SherentsanofficeforNoa.B・ShehelpsoperateNoa'sbusiness.C・ShetutorsNoainherschoollessons.D・SheputsmoneyintoNoa'snannyagency.C.whyD.because解析：选C根据空前的内容可知，这里解释了Watson为什么(why)花费她职业生涯的大部分时间照顾重病的孩子。A.smokyB.sourC.fragrantD.damp解析：选A根据下文的“hurtinafire”可知，小女孩的头发有烟熏味(smoky)。sour“酸的"；fragrant“芳香的”；damp“潮湿的”。A.decisionB.struggleC.intentionD.reaction解析：选B根据空后的“todealwithmentallyillpatients”可知，她努力应对精神不正常的病人。A.harderB.softerC.healthierD.straighter解析：选A根据语境可知，此处表示护士的骨头随着她目睹(witnesses)的一起又一起严重的病例而变得越来越坚硬(harder),即护士因目睹了太多的病例而变得愈加坚强。.A.researchesB.settlesC.discoversD.witnesses解析：选D参见上题解析。A.afterB.unlessC.asD.although解析：选C然而，当(as)她打开手术室的门时，她的手总是会颤抖。A.evidenceB.reminderC.impressionD.warning解析：选B根据空后的“therandomnatureoflife”可知，手术室对她来说是人生无常的提(reminder)oA.failB.fixC・stopD.function解析：选A根据空后的“whoseroofwillfalldown”可知，此处表示我们不知道谁的刹车会失灵(fail)。此处fail对应空后的"falldown”。A.realizeB.predictC.understandD.challenge解析：选B根据上文的“therandomnatureoflifetoher.Wecannotknowwhosebrakeswill,andwhoseroofwillfalldownv可知，人生无常，我们不能预测和控制这些事。A.treatmentB.satisfactionC・comfortD.respect解析：选C根据空后的“reducestheirpairT可知，Waston的善良给了病人们安慰（comfort）,减轻了他们的痛苦。A.unfriendlyB.unfairC.unforgettableD.unlikely解析：选D根据空后的“wheretheyhavetostay”和语境可知，因为Watson的善良，使得病人们在最不可能（unlikely）发现快乐的地方（即他们不得不待的医院）发现了快乐。A.laughterB.breathC.sobD.shout解析：选A根据上文的"joy"和下文的themosthigh-spiritedsound可知，这里应该表示一个患重病的六岁小女孩的笑声（laughter）结果成了病房中最有生气的声音。A.figuresoutB.makesoutC.bringsoutD.turnsout解析：选D参见上题解析。turnout”结果是，证明是”。精表达——夯实语言基础•提升表达能力I.单词拼写.Asaresultofglobalwarming,weatherpatterns（模式）havechangedinrecentyears..Hewonascholarship（奖学金）toCaliforniaStateUniversitybyworkinghard..Thegardenercutoffmanybranches（枝条）fromthetree..Heissuchapersonthathelikesteasing（Xi<^）hiscolleagues..Theexhibitionsponsored（举办）bytheSocietyofCulturewasasuccess..Shehelpstransform（转换）literatureintobrailletobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetotheheartsandmindsofblindreaders..Alltheparticipantscangetwhattheywant.Meanwhile,theyexchange（交^）ideasandfeelingswitheachother,throughwhichtheyprobablyacquiremoreknowledge..Anybehaviourthatisrepeatedenoughtimeswilleventually（最后）becomeahabitandhappenautomatically.n.单句语法填空（2018•天津高考）Wearedesperately（desperate）inneedofyourhelp.（2018•江苏高考）WildcampiigisiHegal（legal）inEngland.Thereareactuallyhealthierwaysthatcanworkiustaseffectively（effect）.Oneday,thisapDroachthrewmeintoembarrassment（embarrass）..Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheofficefelttheiijobswerelessstressful（stress）andmoresatisfying..AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavedabnormally(abnormal),probablybecauseofhunger.Youmustremindhimtotake(take)hismedicine,incaseheforgets.Aftertakingsomephotos,theystoppedatthetopofthehilltoadmire(admire)thescenery.Imustmakeanapology(apologize)tohimfornotgoingtohisparty.Hehurtmedeeplyandbeggedmetoforgivehimforhisactions..完成句子.Iamsurethatlcanperfectlyliveuptoyou)expectations.我相信，我完全不会辜负您的期望。.Themostobviou“problemwithourclassislackofinte「cctionandteamwork.我们班级中最明显的问题是缺乏交流和团队精神。.Afterlearningwhatsituationlwasin,myteacher,MichaelencouragedmetostepoutofLtroublebravelyandconfidently.得知我的情况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢并充满自信地走出困境。.IsuggestweshouldcommunicatewithourfriendsfacetofaceinsteadofLsendingtextmessagessothatwecanmaintainourfrtendship.我建议我们应该与朋友们面对面交流而不是发送信息，以便我们能够保持我们的友谊。.Facedwithatoughjobmarket,freshgraduatesaredreamingofrunningtheirownbusinessesinstead.面对严峻的就业市场，应届毕业生正梦想着自己创业。.书面表达假定你是李华，前不久在汉服设计大赛上获奖。你的英国朋友Peter将参加他学校举办的服装表演赛，来信邀请你暑期加入他们的设计小组，而你因故无法加入。请根据以下要点给他回信：.表示感谢；.说明拒绝原因；.表达祝福。注意：1.词数100左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：服装表演赛theFashionShowCompetition参考范文：DearPeter,Manythanksforyourlastletter,kindlyinvitingmetojoinyourteamtotakepartintheFashionShowCompetitiontobeheldinyourschool.Muchtomydisappointment,Ishallnotbeabletohonourtheinvitationbecauselhavebeensufferingfromillhealththesedays.Iamfirmlyadvisedthatitshouldbeunwisetoundertakeanydistanttravelinthenearfuture.Ifeelveryson-ytomisstheopportunityofmeetingyouandmanyotherfellowsaswellasimprovingmyself.Iwishyourcompetitionacompletesuccessandexpressmyregretagain.Yours,LiHua解析：选B细节解理题。根据第二段中的“ShehiredAllisonJohnsonin2014tooverseeday-to-daybusinessoperations”可知，AllisonJohnson是Noa为处理公司业务聘请的总经理。.WhatdoweknowaboutNanniesbyNoa?A・ItwastheideaofNoa'smother.B・ItwaslegallyregisteredbyNoa.C・Itaimstomatchnannieswithfamilies.D.Itoffersnannyjobsforhighschoolstudents.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“"Ifounditfuntogettoknowafamilyandtheirneeds——andfindanannyaccordingly,'shesaid.Thus,NanniesbyNoawasborn,,可知，NanniesbyNoa为有需求的家庭匹配合适的保姆。.WhatchangedidNoamaketoherbusinessmodel?A・Shehiredtrainednannies.B.Sheraisednannies^alaries.C・Sheincreasedtheservicefee.D・Sheinterviewedapplicantsinperson.解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Noa提高了佣金费，从原来每笔收费100到200美元提高到按照保姆第一年工资的15%进行收费。.WhatcanwelearnfromNoa^story?A・Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.C・Agoodideaandactionresultinsuccess.D・Successmeansgettingfamilyneedssatisfied.解析：选C推理判断题。文章介绍了青少年NoaMintz敢想敢做，最终创业成功的故事。她的故事告诉我们：好的商业设想+敢想敢干的精神=成功。BBeingabletotakeadvantageoftrulyunlimiteddataisasmartphoneuser'sdream,buteveryoneFvetalkedtoabout5Gismoreexcitedabouttheusageunlockedbynext-generationwirelessdevices.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoself-drivingcars,allthelnternet-connectedequipmentinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning-fastspeedwithreducedlatency（延迟）.u5Gisoneofthoseforerunners,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthiscomingdataage,“saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation."Self-drivingvehiclesareemblematicinthisdataage——theyshowapplicationofdatacompletely.Withonesingletask,driving,youhavelargeamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensors（传感器）arecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.Itspullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutconditionsdowntheroad.There^lotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedthespeedandlowerlatency.vARglassesandvirtual（虚拟的）realityheadphoneshaven^yetbeeninsidethemainstream,buttechcompaniesarejoyfullylayingthatsuchequipmentwilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoimprove-orevenreplace-smartphones.EricssonshowedatFebruary'sMobileWorldCongressin2019howsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents,theglassescouldrelyonoutsideequipmentforprocessingpower.Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingsomenecessarytestingtomakesuretheradioplaysnicelywithbasicsystemsandserviceconstructionsothat5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有了5G,从智能家居安全到自动驾驶汽车，生活中所有联网的设备将能够以闪电般的速度彼此通信，减少延迟。5G能够使自动驾驶汽车成为现实，并且有可能使得AR眼镜取代智能。Whatdoesthefirstparagraphfocuson?Thesuperspeedof5G.Potentialof5G.C・Usageofsmartequipment.D・Thefutureofsmartequipment.解析：选B段落大意题。第一段中的关键信息ueveryoneI'vetalkedtoabout5Gismoreexcitedabouttheusage...alltheInternet-connectedequipment”暗示5G将会有很多用途，其潜力无穷。Whichwordcanreplace€Cemblematic,,underlinedinParagraph2?A.Available.B.Productive.C.Symbolic.D.Popular.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的“5Gisoneofthoseforerunners,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthiscomingdataage”和下文中的“theyshowapplicationofdatacompletely”可分析，5G是即将到来的数据时代的预兆，因而运用了5G技术并充分利用数据的自动驾驶汽车自然就成了这个数据时代的象征，故symbolic（象征性的）与画线词意思相近。Whatistechcompanies^ttitudetowardsthereplacementofsmartphones?A.Uncertain.B.Optimistic.C.Cautious.D.Disapproving.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第三段中提到的“buttechcompaniesarejoyfullylayingthatsuchequipmentwilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen...smartphones”可推断，这些科技公司的态度是“乐观的”，故选项B正确。Whydoesmuchworkstillneedtobedoneaccordingtothelastparagraph?A・Tomakeradioplaynicely.B・Toconstructbig5Gcities.Todo5GtriaIseffectively.Toexpand5Gcoveragefully.解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段中的“including...sothat5Gisn*tconcentratedonlyinbigcities”说明，基础系统和服务建设还没有铺设到位，为了避免5G只集中在一些大城市，还需要加大这些工作的投入，以便将来全面扩大5G的覆盖范围。C“Mirrormirroronthewall,who^thefairestofthemall?”Anoldtaletellsaseeminglyunbelievablestoryofamagicmirror,butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable.InAugust2018,newswentviral（广为传播的）thatthepolicehadcaughtcriminalsuspectswhoattendedChinesesingerJackyCheung'sconcerts.Howdidthepolicepickoutthesuspectsamongthousandsofscreamingfans?ThehelpinghandisAIfacialrecognitiontechnology.Thelow-keyyetpowerfultoolisnolongerfar-fetched,butenteringtheworldofChina^topinvestorsandcompanies.Facialrecognitionisatechnologyabletoidentifyapersonfromadigitalimageoraframefromavideosource.TangWenbin,CTOofFace++，anAIcomputervision（视觉）technologycompanyinChina,vividlyexplainedtheworkflow.Accordingtohim,facialrecognitionistheidentificationofourappearance,includingknowingthesex,ageandidentityofaperson.Youmaythinkitislikeabrainoraneuralnetwork.Youusedatatotrainit,andthen,itlearnsthepattern.Facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeentraditionallyalliedwiththesecurityworkbuttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones,marketingandfinance.Chinesestart-upshaveseenthepotentialofAIfacialrecognitionforsimplifyingandspeedinguptasksinmultipleindustries.Andthemarketisnowcrowdedandcompetitive.ChinaisstartingtheAIrevolutionandhasmadebreakthroughsinfacialrecognition.uIfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon,thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks,“saidTianFeng,directorofAlibabaCloudResearchCenter.Healsothinksthatinthefuture,everybodywillbeabletouseAIasitwillsoonbecomeabasictoolforworkandlife.语篇解读：本文是科普说明文，讲述了人工智能中面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用现状。WhyisthenewsmentionedinParagraph2?A・Tointroduceanewtoolforcompanies.B・Toshowthemagichasbecomeareality.C・Toproveoldtalesarebasedontruestories.D・Todescribethebackgroundoffacialrecognition.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段引入童话故事里的“魔镜”，第一段结尾提到“butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable,\紧接着第二段就以实例证明“魔镜”确实不再是难以实现的幻想了，因此，第二段说明现代技术把童话故事里的“魔镜”变成了现实。Whichofthefbllowingbestexplains"alliedwith,,underlinedinParagraph4?A.Dependenton.B.Comparedwith.C.Differentfrom.D.Relatedto.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句中的“traditionally...securitywork”和后面的转折,buttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones,marketingandfinance''可知，传统上，面部识别一直都与安全方面的工作有关，但是现在这一技术扩展到了其他行业。故画线部分应表示“与……有关联”，故选D。WhatdoTianFeng^wordsimply?A・ManycompaniesinChinaareresearchingALB・Alplaysakeyroleincompanies'development.C.Altechnologyappliednowisfarfrommature.D・Altechnologywillbeusedinmarathonsoneday.解析：选C句意理解题。根据TianFeng的话“IfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon,thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks”可知,如果把将人工智能技术应用到不同行业中比作一场马拉松，那么这些公司可能处于刚起跑的阶段，即人工智能技术现阶段的发展还远远不够成熟。.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheeyeofAIinChinaB,EffectsofAItechnologyC・BreakthroughsofChinesetechnologyD,Facialrecognitioninsecurity解析：选A标题归纳题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了人工智能技术中面部识别技术在中国的发展和应用。Trailers（预告片）shouldn^reallybeahardthingtodo:showsomefootage（镜头），getpeopleexcited,butdon'tgivetoomuchaway.It'sapracticethatsomemoviesstruggletodo,withmanyeithergettingtooenthusiasticaboutshowingtheirbigplotpoints,andotherssimplynotcatchingthemagicofthemovie.Consideringthathumansstrugglewiththispracticesomuch,thefolksoverthe20thCenturyFoxdecidedtoseewhatacomputercoulddo,taskinglBM^Watson,thesupercomputer,withcuttingtogetherfootagefromtheupcomingsci-fithriller,Morgan,tocreatethefinaltrailer.IBM'sWatsonhasdonemanythings;beathumancompetitorsinquizshows,createdreservedrecipesanddescribedthecontentsofphotos.Nowithasbecomethefirst-everAItoproduceafilm,trailerforthenewsci-fifilm.Theresultwasactuallysurprisinglygood.UsingWatson^experimentallearningtechniques,IBM^cuttingedgeAIsortedouthundredsofclassicthrillertrailerstoleamwhatexactlygetsanaudiencetothatspecialplaceofbeingbothscaredandentertained.Withthatknowledgefirmlyinplace,WatsonprocessedtheentireM（7^nmovie,selectingthelOmostthrillingandfrighteningmomentstocuttogetherintoatrailer.uWatsonwasabletomodelthescenesvisuallyinordertodetermine:Wasascenescary?Wasitatendermoment?Wastheresadness,orhappiness?”saidIBM'sJohnSmith.Althoughahumaneditorwasstillneededtoslicethescenestogethertotellacoherentstory,theAIshortenedtheprocessdowntoonly24hourswhenittypicallytakesaroundl0to30daystocompleteatrailer.Still,it^agreatimpressiveachievement,whichthelikesofTer/nmtzZ^rGe/iz^couldperhapsleamfrominthefuture.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，由Watson成功制作恐怖片的预告片引出对人工智能的介绍和展望。.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisamazingaccordingtothetext?A•Humaneditorstaking30daystomakeatrailer.B・The20thCenturyFoxhavingproducedathriller.C.IBM^Watsonhavingcreatedatrailerforathriller.D.Humansbeingabletolearnfrommachinesinthefuture.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的utaskingIBMfsWatson,thesupercomputer,withcuttingtogetherfootagefromtheupcomingsci-fithriller,Morgan,tocreatethefinaltrai1er"彳口“Theresultwasactuallysurprisinglygood.“可知，作者认为令人惊叹的是Watson成功制作了恐怖片的预告片，故C项正确°WhatdidIBMresearchersdobeforeWatsoncuttogetherfootagefromthemovieA/（?rg4z/27A.Teachhimtobeatchesscompetitors.B,FeedhimoverlOOhorrortrailers.C・Createreservedrecipes.D・Talkaboutphotos.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的"IBM'scuttingedgeAIsortedouthundredsofclassicthrillertrailerstolearnwhatexactlygetsanaudiencetothatspecialplaceofbeingbothscaredandentertained”可知，在制作恐怖片Mo咽在的预告片之前，研究人员将数百部经典恐怖片的预告片输入Watson中供其学习，故B项正确。.WhatcanweguessisthemostdifficulttoWatson?A-Howlongthetrailershouldbe.B・HowWatsonappreciatesthestory.C・Howmanyscenesatrailerneeds.HowWatsondecidesthefeelings.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段的Watsonwasabletomodelthescenesvisuallyinordertodetermine:Wasascenescary?...Wastheresadness,orhappinessv可以判断，D项正确。II.阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）CampingEssentialsCampingcanbeafunandcheapfamilyactivityorvacation.Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.16—.Andremembertocheckyourcampingessentials.TentUnlessyou'resleepingunderthestarsoryouhaveacamperoranRV,don^forgettheobviousone:atent!CheckthemeasurementsanduserreviewswhenyouYebuyingone.SleepingBagandPillowEveniftheweatherlookshotforyourcampingtrip,bringasleepingbagforeverycamper.Withoutapillow,youcouldbefacingarockynightssleep.17.18Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.Bringmultipleflashlightsandextrabatteries,andalsoconsiderbuyingacampinglantern.Lanternsaregreatbecausetheyshedmorelightinalldirections,andtheystandontheirownsothatyoucanplaycardsorgamesatnight.TheAnti-itchCreamKeepawayfrommosquitoes,blackfliesandotherbiters.Don^forgettheanti-itchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.]9.Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.CampfireSuppliesMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire.20.Eachcampsiteshouldhaveitsownstonecampfirespotandmanyalsoprovideacast-ironshelfforcookingon.Inaddition,thereareothercampingessentials,suchaskitchenitems,bottledfoodandwater,toiletpaper,first-aidkits,andbooksandgames.Alltheabovecanenrichyouroutdoorcamping.A.CampingClothesB・FlashlightsandLanternsC・KidsalsolikehavingapillowforthelongcarrideD・Bringclothesforalltypesofweather,fromhottorainydaysFindoutwhatyoullneedtopackforyourcampingadventureYouandyourkidscandoaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfireJustkeepinmindthatmanysprayscontainhighlevelsofchemicalsubstances语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。露营是一项有趣且便宜的家庭活动，但你需要相当多的必需品来确保这项户外活动的正常进行。选E根据文章标题CampingEssentials以及本段中的关键信息quiteafewsupplies,yourcampingessentials等可知，本段主要总述露营需要做好准备，故选E项“找出你需要为野营探险打包的东西”。选C根据上文“Withoutapillow,youcouldbefacingarockynightssleep”可知本空应选C,即“孩子们也喜欢在长时间的行车途中拥有一个枕头”。选B根据此段与Flashlights和Lanterns有关的内容可推知，此段的标题应为FlashlightsandLanterns（手电筒不口灯笼）。.选G根据此段的标题TheAnti-itchCream以及空前的Don^forgettheanti-itchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbitesv彳口下文的“Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse”可推断出，此空选G项，即“要记住许多喷雾剂化学物质含量高”。选F根据此段的标题CampfireSupplies以及空前的uMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire（存放在塑料袋中的火柴、干柴和干报纸都是你生营火所需要的东西）”可推断出，选项F中的关键信息doaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfire符合“匕处的语境。in.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）ChristieWatsonwas