河南省宏力学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

河南宏力学校2021-2022学年度第一学期期末考试题高二英语第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOurMostPopularWaystoRide☆SingleTripTheSingleTripisperfectforquick,one-waytripsfrompointAtopointB.Itcosts$2foroneclassicbiketripunder30minutes.HowtoBuyaSingleTripSingletripscanbeboughtintheLyftapp,CapitalBikesharemobileapporatanykiosk(电话亭).Readytobuyonenow?☆DayPassesShort-termpassesareperfectfortouristsandvisitors.ExploreDCAreaontwowheels!CapitalBikeshareisafunwaytoseethesightsandgettolocalattractions.TakeabikeoutforaridearoundtheNationalMallorexplorethetrailsandsceneryalongthePotomacRiver.DayPassChoices24-HourPass:$83-DayPass:$17Passesincludeunlimited(不受限制的)classicbiketripsunder30minutes.HowtoBuyaPass24-Hourand3-DaypassescanbeboughtintheCapitalBikesharemobileapporfromakiosk.Checkoutthestep-by-stepinstructionstobuyapassandunlockabike.Readytobuyonenow?☆AnnualMembershipTheAnnualMembershipisthebestdealforDCpeopleandotherfrequent(频繁的)riders.CapitalBikeshareisafunandaffordablewaytogetaroundDC.It'sdesignedforquickandeasytrips.Useittogotoworkorschool,gettomeetingsorjustenjoyourbeautifularea.WhenyoubecomeaCapitalBikesharemember,yougetabikekeythatunlocksthousandsofbikesinWashington,DC.Youcantakeasmanyridesasyouwantthroughouttheyear,andallclassicbiketripsunder30minutesareincludedinyourmembership.Unlockane-bikeforanextra$1/ride.Seeextrapricingfore-bikeparkingandlongerrides.1.Howmuchdoesitcosttorideabikeunder30minuteswithapass?A.$17. B.$8. C.$2. D.Free.2.WhichofthefollowingisthebestchoiceforaDCworker?A.TheSingleTrip. B.The24-HourPass.C.The3-DayPass. D.TheAnnualMembership.3.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttorideane-bike?A.Buyanotherkey. B.Payextramoney.C.Getadrivinglicense. D.Rideitwithin30minutes.BIamafreshmanatOrangeHighSchool.In2013,IfoundedanorganizationcalledLoveForTheElderly.Somanyelderlypeoplehavenoonetocareforthem,andnoonetolovethem.WhenIsaythis,Iamtalkingaboutpurelove,unconditionallovethatshowskindnessnomatterwhatthesituationsmaybe.Theelderlyhavesmoothedthepathwayofsuccessforourgeneration.Theyshouldbeshownappreciation(感激)andkindness,butareoftenforgotten.Iamsureallofyouhavesomeoneinyourheartswhohasbeenatanursinghome.ThinkofthemwhileIsaythis;theyshouldgetthebest,nothingbutthebest.Theelderlyaresuchanunusualgroupofpeople,andtheirshiningwisdomcanmostcertainlybelearnedfrom.Thisideaofshowingappreciationtotheelderlyreverberated(回响)insidemyhead,untilfinally,Idecideditwastimetostepupandmakeadifference.Myloveforandabilityinwritingledmetocreateanorganization,wherepeoplefromallacrosstheworldsendnamelesslettersfilledwithkindnessandjoy,fromIceland,Romania,Finland,Australia,andmore.Ithensendtheseletterstoseniorcenters,andnursinghomeslocatedallacrossthecountry.Tothisdate,Ihavecollectedover1,000letters,andthereactionIhavereceivedfromtheseorganizationshasbeentrulyunbelievable.Thispastmonth,Ihadtheopportunitytoreceive$100fromKindSpringthroughtheirmonthlykindnesscompetitiontohelpmyorganization.Thismoneyhasbeenofgreathelp.Wedonotreceivemuchmoney,andsoithelpedtopayformanycosts,includingpostageandenvelopes.Thisactofkindnesshasbeenveryhelpfultomyorganization,andIcouldnotbemoreappreciative.Ifanyofyouwouldliketogetinvolvedinmyorganization,.4.Whydidtheauthorsetuphisorganization?A.Tohelptheelderlywiththeirdailylife. B.Toorganizeactivitiesfortheelderly.C.Tooffertruelovetotheelderly. D.Toraisemoneyfortheelderly.5.Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththeauthor'sopinionabouttheelderly?A.Theyarebeingtreatedwell. B.Theyshouldendupinseniorcenters.C.Theyarewiserthantheyoung. D.Theydon'tgetenoughattention.6.Whathelpedtheauthorcreatehisorganization?A.Thelettersreceivedworldwide. B.Hiswritingability.C.Hisfamily'sencouragement. D.Thesupportfromseniorcenters.7.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthordoesn'thavemuchmoney.B.Theelderlywereverythankfultotheauthor.C.TheauthorturnedtoKindSpringforhelp.D.Theorganizationcan'tbelarger.CFuCong,aChinese-bornpianist,diedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Fubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Hemadehisfirststageappearancein1952.TheconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsinBeijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.FusoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatory(音乐学校)onascholarship.ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsohardthathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.Mr.FuwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalfamewhenhetookthirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.HealsowonaspecialprizeforhisperformanceofChopin'smazurkas.Almostovernight,hebecameanationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fu'srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasevidencethatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.ChinesereporterscametointerviewMr.Fu,whilemanyotherswenttohisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-raising.In1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,waspublishedinChina.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei'sFamilyLettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swordsresonated(引起共鸣)longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist,’”Mr.FuCongoncerecalledinaninterview.“Evennow,Ibelieveinthisorder-thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.FuCong'sachievementsinmusic. B.FuCong'sstageperformances.C.FuCong'sexperiencesoflearningmusic. D.FuCong'seffortsforcompetitions.9.WhydoesFuCong'sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?A.ItearnsChineseartsaplaceintheWest.B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.C.ItprovesChinesepeople'sloveformusic.D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.10.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.FuLei'sFamilyLetters. B.YoungpeopleofChina.C.FuCongandhisfamily. D.ReadersofFuLei'sFamilyLetters.11.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei'sideasinthelastparagraph?A.It'seasytobeanartist.B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.D.Talentisofgreatestimportanceforapianist.CAreyoupreparingforabigtest?Ifso,youmaywanttoplaysomebasketballinbetweenhittingthebooks.Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,ascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity,studiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvessels(管),includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.Asshesays,“Whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheart,exercisecanreallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain.”Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabies,evenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnes,apediatrician(儿科医生),believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies.“Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.Inthisway,astheygetolder,childrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearning,”saysMargaret.Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.Scientistsfrom11universitiesstudiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafterexercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobeverydifficult,butitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Also,justlikethemotionforinfants(婴儿),exerciseforolderpeopleshouldinvolvesomecomplexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotions,suchaswithyogaortai-chi,helpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime.Formostpeople,anytypeofphysicalactivitythatincreasestheheartrateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain'sflowofblood.Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleasthreehoursofexerciseaweek.12.Accordingtothereading,whatistheconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment?A.Exercisemakesusstupid.B.Thebrainneedsspecialmentalexercise.C.Physicalexercisehelpsusthinkbetter.D.Themoreexercise,thebiggerthebrain.13.Theminiamountofexcisesrequiredtogainanybenefitis________.A.40-hoursperweekB.threehoursperweekC.threehoursperdayD.40hourspermonth.14.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatyogaisfitforseniors?A.Itincludeslearningnewmotions.B.Itcanbedoneingroups.C.Itdoesnotincreasetheheartrate.D.Itiseasytolearn.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.HowtoexerciseB.HowthebraincanchangeC.HowtogetgoodscoresonatestD.Howexercisehelpsthebrain第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agoodbookcanbesatisfying.Ifreadingisahabityou'dliketogetinto,therearesomewaystodevelopit.●Realizethatreadingisenjoyableifyouhaveagoodbook.Ifyouhaveadifficultbookandyouareforcingyourselfthroughit,itwillseemlikeatask.____16____●Settime.Youshouldhavesometimeduringeverydaywhenyou'llreadforatleast5to10minutes.____17____Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.●Alwayscarryabook.______18______WhenIleavethehouse,Ialwaysmakesuretohavemycarkeysandonebookathand.Thebookstayswithmeinthecar,andItakeitintotheofficeandtoappointmentsandprettymucheverywhereIgo.●______19______Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.Don'tliedownunlessyou'regoingtosleep.Thereshouldn'tbeatelevisionoracomputernearthechair,andnomusicornonoisyfamilymembers/roommates.Ifyoudon'thaveaplacelikethis,createone.●Reducetelevision/theInternet.Ifyoureallywanttoreadmore,trycuttingbackontimeonTVortheInternet._____20_____Still,everyminuteyoureduceoftheInternet/TV,youcoulduseforreading.Thiscouldcreatehoursofbookreadingtime.A.Gotobookstores.B.Findaquietplace.C.Thismaybedifficultforsomepeople.D.Whereveryougo,takeabookwithyou.E.Havesomegoodteaorcoffeewhileyouread.F.Itmeansyouwillreadnomatterhowbusyyouare.G.Ifthishappens,giveupthebookandfindanotheronethatyou'llreallylove.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.Iwasfiveyearsold,andmysisterLisawas____21____.Everytimewedosomethingthatwearenot____22____todo,Igetintomoretrouble.Ican't____23____itanymore!So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.Mymotherasks____24____IamrunningawayandItellheryes.She'snotnearlyas____25____bythisasIfeelsheshouldbe.Shelooksatmeandsays,“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”Ican't____26____shecanfigurethisout.Without____27____her,Igoout.I'mso____28____thatIdon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresbehindme,followingand____29____concernedcitizensaway.______30______,IgettoGrandma'sapartment.BeforeIevenknock,thedooropens.MyGrandmawelcomesmebutsaysI'mcertainlynot______31______thereforever.AndIrealizemymotherhascalled______32______andIhavebeenbetrayed.WhenmyGrandmagoestogetmesomejuice,mymother______33______andkindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway.Afterlisteningtomy______34______,mymothersaystome,“Sweetheart,ifit's______35______foryoutolivewithLisa,tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤儿院)andwewillsendheraway.”I______36______whatanorphanageis.Istarttocry,andI______37______her,“Don'tsendmysisterawaytoanorphanage!”Mymotherreluctantly(勉强地)______38______thatwewillgohomeandgiveitanothertry.Andinthoseyearstocome,LisaandIwillsharelaughterandtears.Sometimes,wewill______39______.Andtothisday,whenIturntomymother,shealwaysanswersinthesameway,“Youhadyour______40______,sweetheart.”21.A.stronger B.younger C.cleverer D.calmer22.A.qualified B.prepared C.trained D.supposed23.A.hide B.stand C.afford D.use24.A.when B.how C.if D.why25.A.excited B.bored C.moved D.upset26.A.expect B.promise C.believe D.pretend27.A.answering B.greeting C.informing D.noticing28.A.proud B.focused C.busy D.popular29.A.putting B.taking C.scaring D.waving30.A.Clearly B.Suddenly C.Finally D.Naturally31.A.living B.learning C.working D.sitting32.A.back B.again C.instead D.ahead33.A.finishes B.arrives C.stops D.changes34.A.complaints B.speech C.songs D.report35.A.convenient B.hard C.safe D.dangerous36.A.ask B.forget C.know D.explain37.A.blame B.comfort C.remind D.beg38.A.admits B.agrees C.recognizes D.claims39.A.fight B.fear C.apologize D.chat40.A.chance B.point C.dream D.plan第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)阅读以下材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatNorthRunisoneoftheUK'Smostpopularsporting____41____(event).Itisthebiggestandbestknownhalf-marathonintheworld.Aroundfifty-thousandcompetitorssignuptocompeteintheGreatNorthRuneverySeptember.Aroundonehundredthousandfriendsandfamilymemberslinetheroads____42____(watch)theraceandcheertherunnersonfromthesidelines.First____43____(hold)in1981,theGreatNorthRunwastohelpraisemoneyforcharitiesandotherworthycauses.Alotofpeopleenjoy____44____(compete)inthehalf-marathon,andmenandwomenofallagestakepart____45____theracetohelpraisemoneyfortheirfavouritecharity.Runningroadracescanbe____46____(exhaust).Sonotallrunnersmanagetogothefull____47____(distant)andcompleteitandtherearealwayssome____48____fallbythewayside.Ambulancesarekeptonstandbyincaseanyrunnersneedmedicalattentionand____49____(bottle)waterisprovidedatvariousstopsalongtheway._____50_____(usual),aroundtwohundredandfiftythousandbottlesofwaterarehandedoutduringtheracealone.第四部分写作(共两节；满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastweekend,mysisterandIclimbedamountain.Wetookabusandarrivedatthereat8am.Inthebeginning,wewereexcited,enjoyedthebeautifulscenery,talkingandjoking.Butafterawhile,wefelttiring,sowesatonthestairsbuthadarest.Thesoftwindsweepmyface,andIfeltallmytirednessdisappeared.Climbingtotopofthemountainmademyselffeelasenseofachievement.Studyingisnotanythinginlife.Allgoodthingdon'tcomerightaway.Aslongaswelovelifeandnature,wewilldiscoverthatlifeisfarwellthanwethought.第二节:书面表达(共25分) 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件询问你的职业规划。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.你的理想职业；2.选择这个职业的原因；3.如何实现这个理想。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearPeter,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua##############################################【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍三个最流行骑自行车的方式及其特点和费用。1.细节理解题。根据DayPasses部分“Passesincludeunlimited(不受限制的)classicbiketripsunder30minutes.（Passes包括30分钟内不受限制的经典自行车旅行。）”可知，30分钟内的骑行是不受限制的，免费的。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据AnnualMembership部分“TheAnnualMembershipisthebestdealforDCpeopleandotherfrequent(频繁的)riders.（年度会员资格是华盛顿特区人和其他频繁骑手的最佳选择。）”可知，华盛顿特区工人的最佳选择是TheAnnualMembership，故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unlockane-bikeforanextra$1/ride.Seeextrapricingfore-bikeparkingandlongerrides.（解锁电动自行车，每骑一次，需额外付1美元。查看电动自行车停放和长途骑行的额外定价。）”可知，如果你想骑电子自行车，需要支付额外的费用，故选B项。【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了自己创建帮助得到较少关注的老年人的组织，呼吁人们加入这个组织。4.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Somanyelderlypeoplehavenoonetocareforthem,andnoonetolovethem.WhenIsaythis,Iamtalkingaboutpurelove,unconditionallovethatshowskindnessnomatterwhatthesituationsmaybe.（这么多的老年人没有人照顾他们，也没有人爱他们。当我这么说的时候，我说的是纯粹的爱，无论在什么情况下都能表现出善良的无条件的爱。）”可知，作者建立这个组织是为了给老年人提供真正的爱。故选C。5.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theelderlyhavesmoothedthepathwayofsuccessforourgeneration.Theyshouldbeshownappreciation(感激)andkindness,butareoftenforgotten.（老年人已经为我们这一代铺平了成功的道路。应该向他们表现出感激和善良，但却经常被遗忘。）”可推断，作者认为老年人没有得到足够的关注。故选D。6.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Myloveforandabilityinwritingledmetocreateanorganization,wherepeoplefromallacrosstheworldsendnamelesslettersfilledwithkindnessandjoy,fromIceland,Romania,Finland,Australia,andmore.（我对写作的热爱和能力促使我创建了一个组织，在那里，来自世界各地的人们从冰岛、罗马尼亚、芬兰、澳大利亚等地发送充满善良和快乐的匿名信件。）”可知，作者的写作能力有助于创建了他的组织。故选B。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thispastmonth,Ihadtheopportunitytoreceive$100fromKindSpringthroughtheirmonthlykindnesscompetitiontohelpmyorganization.Thismoneyhasbeenofgreathelp.Wedonotreceivemuchmoney,andsoithelpedtopayformanycosts,includingpostageandenvelopes.（在过去的一个月里，我有机会通过他们每月的慈善竞赛从KindSpring获得100美元，以帮助我的组织。这笔钱一直很有帮助。我们没有收到很多钱，所以它帮助支付了许多费用，包括邮费和信封。）”可推断，作者没有太多的钱。故选A。【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.B【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国著名音乐家傅聪学习音乐、获得成就的经历，也介绍了他受到的父亲的影响。8.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段关键句“Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Fubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Hemadehisfirststageappearancein1952.（傅先生从小就喜欢古典音乐，7岁时开始上钢琴课。他首次登台演出是在1952年）”及“Mr.FusoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatoryonascholarship.（傅先生很快搬到了波兰，在那里他获得了奖学金，在华沙音乐学院学习）”及全段内容可知，本段讲述了傅聪学习音乐的经历。故选C项。9.细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“ToChina,Mr.Fu'srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasevidencethatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.（对中国来说，傅先生在一场著名的国际比赛中获得认可，证明了中国能够在西方艺术领域站稳脚跟）”可知，傅聪被全球认可对中国意义重大是因为它为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。故选A项。10.词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei'sFamilyLettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu'swordsresonatedlongafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.（充满建议、鼓励、生活教诲和严厉的父爱，《傅雷家书》成为中国的畅销书。傅先生的话除了影响了一代中国人之外，在他死后很长一段时间里，他的话也在它们旨在的读者那里引起了共鸣）”可知，此处的they指代前文提到的《傅雷家书》里的信件。故选A项。11.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist,’”Mr.FuCongoncerecalledinaninterview.（“我父亲说过，‘你首先要成为一个人，然后是艺术家，然后是音乐家，只有这样你才能成为钢琴家，’”傅聪在一次采访中回忆说）”可知，傅聪认为，成为一个钢琴家需要各方面的品质。故选B项。【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过讲述一位脑发育研究科学家们的新的研究发现告诉人们：运动有助于大脑的发展和更好的思考，可以让人的大脑更好的思维，有助于大脑记忆的开发，会让人更健康，对于无论是婴儿还是老人都如此。12.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvessels(管),includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.”（根据她的研究，运动似乎可以使血管，包括大脑中的血管，更强壮、更充分地发育。卡梅伦博士称，这能让锻炼的人更好地集中注意力。）可知，运动让人们更好的集中注意力，下文婴儿期锻炼和老年期锻炼都说明了锻炼对大脑的好处，因此可知体育运动有助于我们很好的思考。故选C。13.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleasthreehoursofexerciseaweek.”（你的大脑可以从每周短短三小时的锻炼中受益。）可知，只需要每周短短三小时的锻炼就可以让大脑获益。故选B。14.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Learningsomenewskillsormotions,suchaswithyogaortai-chi,helpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime.”（学习一些新的技能或动作，比如瑜伽或太极，有助于打开大脑中可能很久没有使用过的记忆路径。）可知，瑜伽适合老年人是因为它包括学习新的动作，这有助于打开大脑中可能很久没有使用过的记忆路径。故选A。15.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.（医生们开始发现越来越多的信息表明运动和大脑发育之间存在联系。）”可知，医生认为锻炼和头脑发育之间有密切联系。下文通过研究结果和数据说明二者的密切联系，因此推断D.Howexercisehelpsthebrain.（运动如何帮助大脑？）概括了文章内容，适合作为标题。故选D。【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。阅读是很好的习惯，怎么养成阅读的习惯，文章给出了一些建议。16.根据上文Ifyouhaveadifficultbookandyouareforcingyourselfthroughit,itwillseemlikeatask.可知，如果你有一本难懂的书，而且你正强迫自己看完它，那看起来就像是一项任务。如果这样的话，不如放弃这本书，找另外一本你喜欢的。G选项符合语境，故选G。17.根据下文Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.可知，如果你独自一人吃饭，在早餐、午餐甚至晚餐时都要养成阅读的习惯。这意味着，不管你多么忙，你都会阅读，F选项是上文自然的结果，故选F。18.根据上文Alwayscarryabook.可知，无论去哪里，都带着一本书，D选项Whereveryougo,takeabookwithyou.是对上文进一步解释说明，故选D。19.根据下文Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.可知，要找一个安静的地方，B选项Findaquietplace.概括本段内容，故选B。20.根据上文Ifyoureallywanttoreadmore,trycuttingbackontimeonTVortheInternet.可知，如果想阅读太多，尽可能减少在电视和网上的时间，再根据下文Still,everyminuteyoureduceoftheInternet/TV,youcoulduseforreading.Thiscouldcreatehoursofbookreadingtime.可知，在互联网/电视上减少的时间你都可以用来阅读，这可以创造数小时的读书时间。所以C选项Thismaybedifficultforsomepeople.（这可能对某些人来说很难）连接上下文，故选C。【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者五岁时因为妈妈总让她为妹妹背黑锅，因此离家出走。母亲的一席话打消了作者的念头，从此即使与妹妹有小矛盾也能处理好。21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时我五岁，我妹妹丽莎比我小。A.stronger更强壮的；B.younger更幼小的；更年轻的；C.cleverer更聪明的；D.calmer更镇静的。根据上句“Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.（有时候，做姐姐似乎并不公平）”可知，妹妹比我小。故选B项。22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我们做不该做的事，我就会陷入更多的麻烦。A.qualified有资格的；B.prepared有所准备的；C.trained训练过的；D.supposed应当地。根据后句“Igetintomoretrouble.（我陷入了更多的麻烦）”可知，作者和妹妹做了不应该做的事情。故选D项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我再也受不了了！A.hide隐藏；B.stand忍受；C.afford负担；D.use使用。根据后句“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.（所以，我收拾好我的东西，决定永远离开）”可知，作者再也受不了，决定离家出走。故选B项。24.考查连词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈问我是不是要离开，我告诉她是的。A.when当……时候；B.how如何；C.if如果；D.why为什么。根据后文“Itellheryes.（我告诉她是的）”可知，上文是妈妈问作者是不是打算离开。故选C项。25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她完全没有像我认为她应该的那样为此难过。A.excited兴奋的；B.bored无聊的；C.moved感动的；D.upset难过的。根据后文“Shelooksatmeandsays,‘AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?’（她看着我说，‘你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗？’）”可知，妈妈并没有难过，而是询问作者的去向。故选D项。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能相信她能搞清楚这件事。A.expect期望；B.promise承诺；C.believe相信；D.pretend假装。根据上句“Shelooksatmeandsays,‘AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?’（她看着我说，‘你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗？’）”可知，妈妈猜出了作者去向，作者难以相信。故选C项。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回答她，就出去了。A.answering回答；B.greeting问候；C.informing通知；D.noticing注意。根据上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?（你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗？）”可知，妈妈询问作者的去向，作者没有回答妈妈的问题，就走了。故选A项。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我太专注了，以至于我没有意识到我的母亲就在我身后大约20米的地方，她跟在我后面，挥手让关心我的市民离开。A.proud自豪的；B.focused注意力集中的；C.busy忙的；D.popular流行的。根据后文“Idon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresaway（我没有意识到我的母亲在离我大约20米的地方。）”可知，作者是太专注了而没有意识到母亲在后面。故选B项。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.putting放置；B.taking带走；C.scaring恐吓；D.waving挥手。根据后文“concernedcitizensaway.（让关心我的市民离开）”可知，妈妈悄悄跟着作者，挥手让关心的人离开。故选D项。30.考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我到了奶奶的公寓。A.Clearly清楚地；B.Suddenly突然地；C.Finally最后地；D.Naturally自然地。根据上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.（你要去西尔维娅奶奶家吗?我不敢相信她能弄清楚这件事。）”可知，作者最终到了奶奶家。故选C项。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我奶奶欢迎我，但说我肯定不会永远住在那里。A.living生活；B.learning学习；C.working工作；D.sitting坐。根据上文“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.（所以，我收拾好我的东西，决定永远离开）”下文“AndIrealizemymotherhascalled___12___（我意识到我母亲提前打电话了）”可知，作者母亲提前打了电话了，奶奶欢迎作者，但肯定作者不会永远住在那里。故选A项。32.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我母亲提前打电话了，我被背叛了。A.back返回；B.again再一次；C.instead相反；D.ahead向前。根据上文“Shelooksatmeandsays,‘AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?’Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.（她看着我说，‘你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗？’我不敢相信她能知道这件事）”和下文“Ihavebeenbetrayed”可知，妈妈料到作者会前往奶奶家，所以提前给奶奶打了电话。故选D项。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我奶奶去给我拿果汁时，我妈妈到了，亲切地问我为什么离开。A.finishes结束；B.arrives到达；C.stops停止；D.changes改变。根据后句“mymother___13___kindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway（母亲亲切地问我为什么要离家出走）”可知，妈妈到了奶奶家。故选B项。34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了我的抱怨后，妈妈对我说：“亲爱的，如果你和丽莎住在一起很难的话，明天早上我会给孤儿院打电话，我们把她送走。”A.complaints投诉；B.speech演说；C.songs歌曲；D.report报道。根据前文“Everytimewedosomethingthatwearenot___2___todo,Igetintomoretrouble.Ican't___3___itanymore!”可知，作者抱怨和妹妹生活在一起的不开心。故选A项。35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听了我的抱怨后，妈妈对我说：“亲爱的，如果你和丽莎住在一起很难的话，明天早上我会给孤儿院打电话，我们把她送走。”A.convenient方便的；B.hard艰难的；C.safe安全的；D.dangerous危险的。根据后句“tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤儿院)andwewillsendheraway.（明天早上我会给孤儿院打电话，我们把她送走）”可知，妈妈说如果作者和妹妹生活在一起相处很难的话，就把妹妹送到孤儿院。故选B项。36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道孤儿院是什么。A.ask问；B.forget忘记；C.know知道；D.explain解释。根据后句“Istartedtocry（我开始哭泣）”可知，作者知道孤儿院是什么。故选C项。37.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始哭，并且乞求她“不要把我妹妹送进孤儿院。”A.blame责备；B.comfort安慰；C.remind提醒；D.beg乞求。根据后文“Don'tsendmysisterawaytoanorphanage!（别把我妹妹送进孤儿院）”可知，作者乞求妈妈不把妹妹送孤儿院。故选D项。38.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲勉强同意我们回家再试一次。A.admits承认；B.agrees同意；C.recognizes识别出；D.claims要求。根据上句“Don'tsendmysisterawaytoanorphanage!（别把我妹妹送进孤儿院）”和下文“wewillgohomeandgiveitanothertry”可知，妈妈同意了作者的请求。故选B项。39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我们会吵架。A.fight打架；B.fear害怕；C.apologize道歉；D.chat聊天。根据下文“Andtothisday,whenIturntomymother（在这些时候，我向母亲求助的时候）”可知，以后的日子有时我们也会吵架哭泣，作者向母亲求助。故选A项。40.考查名词词义辨析。句意：你有过机会的，亲爱的。A.chance机会；B.point指出；C.dream梦想；D.plan计划。根据上文“tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤儿院)andwewillsendheraway.（明天早上我会给孤儿院打电话，我