人教版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点讲解

初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What'sthematter? 马思特教育初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What'sthematter? 马思特教育Unit1重点知识讲解Grammar一、情态动词(ModalVerbs)情态动词should意为“应该，应当"，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。1.should的句式结构句式结构例句肯定句主语+should+doTheyshouldeatabalaceddiet.他们应该平衡饮食。否定句主语+shouldnot+doTheyshouldn'teattoomuch.他们不该吃得太多。一般疑问句---Should+主语+do+…？---yes,主语+should.---No,主语+shouldn't.---It'stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow?太冷了，我该关上窗户吗？---Yes,you ./No,you.是的，你应该。/不，你不应该。2.should的用法用法例句表示劝告、建议You answerthequestioninEnglish.你应该用英语回答这个问题。表示推测They beathomenow,Ithink.我认为，他们现在应该在家。表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等How Iknowit?我怎么知道这间事情呢？注意：should在以why,who,how等疑问词开头的问句中，意为“竟然，居然，怎么会" ，表示意外、惊喜或在说话人看来是不可思议的。其他表示建议的句型用法例句Shallwe/I+do+-••?Shallwe forawalk?咱们去散步好吗？What/Howabout+doing/sth•••?Whatabout swimming?去游泳怎么样？Let's+do…？Let's and吧。 them.咱们去看看他们You'd/We'dbetter(not)+do…？We 我们最好再稍等一会儿。 waitalittlelonger.Whydon'tyou+do•••?Whydon'tyou 为什么不出去散步呢？_awalkoutside?Whynot+do•••?Why 为什么不出去散步呢？ awalkoutside?三、反身代词表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式，词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译“本人”、“本身”，为加强语气，也常翻译为“亲

自"、"自己"。不定人称代词one——oneself.1、反身代词的分类一一「-数---^_人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfHimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2、反身代词的用法用法说明例句作动词的宾语常用于enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,dress,help,lookafter,getdressed作宾语Heisteaching English.他在自学英语。Weenjoyed lastnight.昨天晚上我们玩得很开心。做介词的宾语常用于in,on,with,of,after,by作宾语Shelivesby inthecountryside.她一个人生活在乡下。做同位语强调作用、加强语气Didyoumakethecake?这蛋糕是你亲自做的嘛？Mr.Black isalawyer.布莱克先生本人就是一名律师。做表语强调“自己”Justbe .做你自己就好了。Maryhasn'tquitebeen recently.玛丽最近有些不对劲。单词的用法SectionAWhat'sthematter?怎么了？该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用with引出对象。.What'sthematterwithsb.?=what'swrongwithsb.?=what'sthetrouble/problemwithsb.?=what'sone'strouble/problem?e.g.What'sthematterwithTom?=what'swithTom?=What'sthewithTom?=What'sTom's?.matter,名词，“问题，事情”e.g.Wehaveimportant(matter)todiscuss.我们有些重要的问题要讨论。.动词，“要紧，关系重大”e.g.Itdosen'tthatyoucamelate.Ihaveacold.我感冒了。.have/get/catchacold感冒，着凉TheoldmanacoldyesterdayJIB位老人昨天感冒了.have+a/an线病名称"意为"得了….病”haveafever,haveacough,haveaheadache-Ihaveasoreback.我背痛。"Ihaveasore+身体部位"意为"…痛"辨析sore和achesore形容词，意为“疼痛的；酸痛的”用于身体部位名词前sorefeetsorelegsorethroatache名词，构成复合词headache;stomachacheliedownandandrest..lie的不同含义及词性变化单词词性词义现在分词过去式过去分词lie动词躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie动词说谎lyingliedLiedlie名词谎言无无无Katy(lie)onthebedandreadtheletterlastnight.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。He(lie)tomeabouttheresult.对于结果他对我说了谎。.rest动词，"休息，放松"Mayhimrestinpeace.have/takearest休息,放松=restYouneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.takebreaks=take/haveabreak休息Weareabreakunderthetree我们正在树下休息。Yeah,IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.是的,我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。.Inthesameway:以同样的方式，以相同的方式Sheworkedoutthemathprobleminthesameway..without为介词，意为“无，没有，不"Youcan'tbuythingsmoney!你没有钱就买不了东西。Heleftwithoutanything.他什么都没有说就离开了。-Whenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideogtheroad.这时，司机看到路边躺着一位老人。see/watch/notice/hearsb.doingsth. 强调看到/听到的动作的正在进行see/watch/notice/hearsb.dosth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性e.g.Ioftenhiminthegardenlastmonth.上个月，我总是看到他在花园里干活。 (强调全过程)IhiminthegardenwhenIpassedbyyersterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。 (强调动作正在进行)Heexpectedmostorallthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus..expect+名词/代词"期待；预料"Iamaphonecallfromher.我正在等她的电话。.expecttodosth.Sheexpectstogotherenextweek.她期望下周去那里。.expectsb.todosth.Heexpectedhertogowithhim..expect+that从句 Iexpectthathe'llcomebacktomorrow.Buttomysurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim..toonesJsurprise使…惊讶的是,出乎…意料”my(surprise),herefusedtocooperatewithus.让我惊讶的是，他拒绝与我们合作。.agree“同意”agreetodosth.同意做某事”agreewithsb.agreeonsth.就某事达成一致”e.g.Mymotheragreed(buy)meanewpen.Ientirelyagreeyou.Weagreethequestion.辨析thanksto/thanksforthanksto多亏，由于”，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或doingthanksfor因…而感谢”，for后接感谢的原因，常为名词或doing形式，Thanksyou,Iamnotlost.幸亏你我才没有迷路。Thankssendingmesuchanicegift.谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。getintotrouble造成麻烦(或烦恼)；陷入困境"trouble是不可数名词。beintrouble再麻烦和困境中”e.g.Lisatroublewhensheclimedthemountain.Letushelpthepeoplewhoare.Didyoufalldown?fall—fell—fallenfalldown意为“倒下”，强调的是“滑倒，接宾语，falldownfrom,表示倒下”，不能直接跟宾语，加'从…摔下”from连falloff跌落”，强调的是“从某处跌落,摔下来” =falldownfrome.g.Thedogdowndead.那条狗倒下去死了。Theboythetreeandbrokehislegs.Thegirlthebike.SectionBSomeonefeltsick.Sick;生病的，恶心的。ill也是生病的，也可表示品质恶劣的辨析sick和illsick既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。表语时“恶心的”ill既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。作定语时：表示“品质恶劣的”e.g.EverytimeIgetonaboat,Ifeel.Heisanstudent,becausehesmokesanddrinks.Ihavetolookaftermysisterhomeathometoday.Someonegothitonthehead有人头部受到了撞击。.gethit为系表结构：gethit+on/in+the+身体部位的名词，表示 某身体部位受到了撞击e.g.Thepoliceofficerontheshoulder.这位警官的肩膀受到了撞击。.hit,打击，击中"如果强调"集中某人的部位"可以用"hitsb.on/inthe+身体部位"e.g.Thebullethithimontheback.子弹击中了他的后背。.hit可以做名词，“轰动一时的成功的人或事；风靡一时的作品”。e.g.Thesongwasahitatonce.haveproblemsbreathing.breathe,a.动词"呼吸"e.g.Hewasbreathinghardwhenhefinishedtherace.b.名词，breath,没有"e"takeadeepbreath深呼吸；holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸.haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难或麻烦”e.g.IhaveEnglish.我学习英语有困难。4.辨析beusedtodoing/beusedtodo/usedtodobeusedtodoing意为“习惯于”,to是介词+名词/doingbeusedtodo意为“被用来做…”to为不定式符号+do原形usedtodo意为“过去常常”，to为不定式符号+do原形e.g.Iamtoupearly.我习惯早起Apenisto.钢笔是用来写字的。Hetobooksforanhoureveryday.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。find+宾语+宾补.find宾语adj. Wefoundhimdishonest.我们发现他不诚实。.find宾语doing Wefoundhimothers'homework.我们发现他在抄别人作业。.find宾语副词和介词短语Iamsogladtofindyou.我很高兴发现你在家。Ifoundtheclothesstyle.我发现这些衣服过时了。6.辨析runout/runoutof用尽，耗尽runout动词+副词”结构。相当于不及物动词，后面不接宾语，主语通常是“事物”时间，金钱等runoutof“动词+副词+介词”结构。相当于及物动词，后面可以接宾语，主语通常是“人”Ourmoneyisout.我们的钱快用光了。Wearerunningoutmoney.我们的钱快用光了辨析sothat/so-thatsothat“以便，为了"=inorderthat,引导目的状语从句，常与can,could,may,might,will,would,should等情态动词或助动词。so•••.that“如此•-以至于"，引导结果状语从句，so为副词，+adj/adv;that后跟从句。可以与•••enoughtodo…和too--todo…进行同义句转换。e.g.Theygotupearlytheycouldcatchtheearlybus.SayslowyIcanfollowyou.TomranfastIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.=Tomranfastcatchupwith.so•••that用法。.so+adj./adv.+that.so+adj.+(+a/an)+n.+that.so+many/much/few/little+n.thate.g.Theceilingissohighthatwecouldn'treach.天花板如止匕高,我们够不着Hissonissotallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.他儿子UB么高,几乎够至U天花板了。Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover.凯特跌倒了好多次，摔得身体青一款紫一块。giveup放弃."动词+副词”代词做宾语，代词放中间。giveit/them/him/her…up.giveupdoingit’sgoodforyoutogiveup .戒烟对你有好处。Ihurtmyselfplayingsoccer.playingsoccer现在分词做伴随状语。表示动作同时发生。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。e.g.Istayeduplateyesterday, foratest.昨天我为测验熬夜学习到很晚。初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What’sthematter? 马思特教育初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What’sthematter? 马思特教育重点精准检测重点精准检测、单项选择。（） 1.Thepearistoobigforme.Letme apartforyou.A.cutdown B.cutoff Ccutup D.cutin（） 2.Graceboughtalotofnewclothesand allhermoney.D.ranoutofA.runout B.runoutof C.ranofD.ranoutof3.Yourtemperatureis39C.Maybeyou° A.haveacold B.haveaheadacheC.haveafever D.haveasoreback（）4.—Didyoucatchyourplane?—Yes.Wegottherejust .A.onthetime B.attimes C.intime D.inthetime（）5.Suecametothesmalltownfiveyearsagoandshe herenow.A.isusedtolive B.isusedtoliving C.usedtoliving D.usedtolive6.To surprise,thefive-year-oldboycansingsomanyEnglishsongs.A.my B.me C.I（）7.Emmalikesdancingandshekeepson everyday.A.my B.me C.I（）7.Emmalikesdancingandshekeepson everyday.A.dancing B.dances C.dance（）8.—Whathappened youyesterday?—IhurtmyselfinP.E.class.A.to B. on C. at（）9.Jimisalwayssobusy hehaslittletimeforhisfamily.A.if B. until C. that（）10.—Hi,John, ?—Mydog’slegishurt.A.Howare you B. What ’sthematter C. Who ’sthat二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。D.mineD.todanceD.withD.whenD.Whats’LucylikeLook!Adogis （lie）bythesideoftheroad.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby （her）antidoesn’tneedothers'help.WhenIcameintothelibrary,Isawhim （read）abookthere.Mr.Greenagreed （help）mewithmymath.Youarclateforschoolagain.Ithinkyoushould （get）upearlytomorrow.Whatdoeshemean （do）?初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What’sthematter? 马思特教育初二英语下 初二英语下 Unit1What’sthematter? 马思特教育Didyoumakea(decide) tostudymedicine?Mr.Liputsomany(knife)intohisbag.Mydreamistobea(climb)oneday.Thelittledog's(die)mademeverysad.三、根据首字母或汉语提示完成下列句中所缺的单词。Susantookhertemperatureandfoundshehadahighf.IhaveatandIcan 'teatanything.Youlooksotired,soyouneedtohavear.Tonyusuallyplaysgameswithhisclassmatesduringthebbetweentwoclasses.IhaveasthroatsoIcan 'tsayaword.Weusuallywalkwithour(W)andseewithoureyes.I'mfeelingterrible.Ihavea(胃痛)Theriveristoodeep,butTomandTonytake(冒险) ofswimmingthere.Alexgothurtinthecaraccidentandlostmuch(血)Kate'smotherworksinahospital.She'sa(护士)四、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。.他下了火车，然后就回家了。Hethetrainandthenwenthome..多亏了那位老人，我们找到了回家的路。theoldman,wefoundourwayhome..请记住当你生气的时候，不要做决定。Pleaseremembernottowhenyouareangry..为了能赶上火车，我六点钟就出发了。IleftatsixIcouldcatchthetrain..为了成功你不得不去冒险。Youhavetoinordercatchtosucceed.五、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空(有两个多余) 。knifebreakdecideadvisetroubleriskhighhurtliedifferentseemcoughJohnlikestodosportverymuch.Hisfavoritesportismountainclimbing.Lastspring,hemadeabig1.tocl