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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川外国语大学重庆南方翻译学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Loveandfriendshiphavemuch(1).Iftwopersonsaretobe(2),theymustfindcontentmentineachother's(3),sufferpainineachother'sfailure,and(4)pleasureineachother'ssuccess.Eachmustfind(5)themoodandtemperamentoftheothersomething(6)andcongenial.Butanydeepandpermanentfriendshipalargercommonareathanromanticlove.Notoriously,theprincemayfallinlovewiththechorusgirlwhenthetwohavealmost(8)incommon.Butfriendshipsarebased(9),oncommoninterestsinaproject,anart,oracause;onethinksofMarksandEngels,CobdenandBright,GilbertandSullivan,theMayobrothers,WeberandFields.

Still,commoninterestsbythemselveswillnot(10)friendshipandmanyco-workershavebeen(11)andenemies.

(12)

aboutvalues,aboutthings,admiredandlikedand(14).Itisnot(15)if,wheneverwegrowenthusiasticaboutdancingormusicorflyingorscience,ourcompanioncanonlysay,“Sorry,butI(16)allthatdetestable.”

(17)oftheblessingsoffriendshipisthatitsuppliesasounding-boardwhich,

(18)ourowndelights,makesthemgreater.Andbyahappycorrelativelaw,sorrowswhensharedgrowless.Friends(19)eachotherlikethesidesofanarch;theygain(20),security,reassuranceinfailure,addedhappinessinsuccess,andalargeincrementofcouragemerelyfromfacingthingssidebyside.

问题1选项

A.incommon

B.differences

C.differentiations

D.tolearn

问题2选项

A.professors

B.friends

C.students

D.competitors

问题3选项

A.attitude

B.personality

C.company

D.emergency

问题4选项

A.make

B.rake

C.fake

D.take

问题5选项

A.for

B.in

C.at

D.on

问题6选项

A.strange

B.exclusive

C.destructive

D.attractive

问题7选项

A.callsfor

B.callson

C.callsoff

D.callsdown

问题8选项

A.nothing

B.something

C.anything

D.everything

问题9选项

A.asarule

B.byrule

C.toarule

D.witharule

问题10选项

A.guard

B.guarantee

C.grow

D.grease

问题11选项

A.rivals

B.collaborators

C.dedicators

D.keepers

问题12选项

A.A

B.No

C.Full

D.Few

问题13选项

A.facetoface

B.frommouthtomouth

C.eyetoeye

D.nosetonose

问题14选项

A.disliking

B.disliked

C.todislike

D.dislike

问题15选项

A.featured

B.feathered

C.furthered

D.fettered

问题16选项

A.locate

B.provide

C.find

D.sustain

问题17选项

A.Any

B.Some

C.None

D.One

问题18选项

A.inechoing

B.inwriting

C.indrawing

D.inmaking

问题19选项

A.produce

B.fortify

C.yield

D.abuse

问题20选项

A.irritation

B.silence

C.suspicion

D.contentment

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:A

第12题:C

第13题:C

第14题:B

第15题:C

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:D

【解析】(1)固定搭配。havesth.incommon在...有共同点。故选择A。

(2)逻辑衔接。根据上文提到的friendship可以推出填空处应该为friends,所以选项B正确。

(3)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。成为朋友的两个人,要对彼此的个性感到满意。

(4)takepleasure为固定搭配,指获得快乐。

(5)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。将句子调整一下顺序便能理解了,句意为:在彼此的性格中去寻找共同点,选项B正确。

(6)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文可知,填空处填入的词应与congenial(意气相投)意思相近,所以选项D符合原文。

(7)逻辑衔接、词义辨析。callfor需求,需要;callon拜访,请求;calloff取消;calldown招致,责骂。根据原文,任何深厚且永恒的友谊都需要比浪漫爱情有更多的相同之处。选项A符合原文。

(8)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文,王子和合唱队的女孩几乎没有没有共同点。

(9)逻辑衔接、词义辨析。asarule通常,一般说来;byrule墨守成规地,按照规则地;选项C、D没有这种用法;填空处为插入语,所以选项A更符合原文。

(10)语义衔接、词义辨析。guard保卫,监视;guarantee保证,确保;grow生长;grease贿赂。根据原文:然而,他们之间共同的兴趣也不能保证友谊长存。选项B符合原文。

(11)语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文可知,填空处应填入与enemies意思相近的词。rivals竞争对手;collaborators合作者;dedicators奉献者,献身者;keepers看护人。选项A正确。

(12)逻辑衔接。根据原文可推断,这里应该指完全意义上的友谊。

(13)语义衔接。Seeeyetoeye为固定搭配,意为看法一致,意见相同。

(14)语义衔接。and连接的两个词,形式需保持一致。根据前面的“liked”,可知后面应该为“disliked”,选项B正确。

(15)语义衔接,词义辨析。根据下文的内容,当我们都某些东西很感兴趣的时候,朋友却感到厌恶,那么友谊就不会进一步发展。所以选项C符合句意。

(16)语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文,这里应该指:我感觉/发现这一切都很无聊,选项C符合原文。sustain指维持,支撑。

(17)语法、固定搭配。根据后面的谓语动词is可首先排除选项A和B。根据原文,这里指友谊的一个好处是...。

(18)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文:友谊的好处之一是它提供了一个音板,在对我们自身的快乐做出回应时,使它们变得更伟大。

(19)语义衔接、词义辨析。根据下文“likethesidesofanarch”可知这里应该选fortify加固、巩固。produce生产;yield产生;abuse滥用。

(20)语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据下文的security,reassurance可知填空处应填入意义相近的词。选项D符合。irritation恼火;silence沉默;suspicion怀疑。

2.单选题

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator’sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.ApurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposesItwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldiggingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?

1.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

2.TheauthormentionstheexcavationinCyprustoemphasizewhichofthefollowingpoints?

3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?

5.TheauthorimpliesthatallofthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT(

).

问题1选项

A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.

B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

问题2选项

A.Ancientlampsandpotteryvesselsarelessvaluable,althoughmorerare,thanroyalsealimpressions.

B.Artifactsthatareverysimilartoeachotherpresentcataloguingdifficultiestoarchaeologists.

C.Artifactsthatarenotuniquelyvaluable,andthereforecouldbesold,areavailableinlargequantities.

D.Cyprusisthemostimportantlocationforunearthinglargequantitiesofsalableartifacts.

问题3选项

A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.

B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.

C.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.

D.Illegalexcavatorswouldbeforcedtosellonlyduplicateartifacts.

问题4选项

A.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.

B.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

C.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

D.Counterfeitingofartifactswillbecomemorecommonplace.

问题5选项

A.Amarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexists

B.Suchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalue

C.Suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollec¬tions

D.Museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到倒数第二段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds:asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.甚至没有足够的钱来对这些发现进行分类:结果是,它们再也找不到了,变得像从未被发现过一样难以接近。”可知D项“这些艺术品经常没有被分类,所以一旦它们被存储起来就找不到了”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第四段中的“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.在塞浦路斯的一个小发掘中,考古学家最近在一个院子里发现了2000个几乎无法分辨的小罐子,甚至还发现了珍贵的皇家印章印记,被称为L'melekh手柄——迄今为止有4000多个例子。”以及第三段末句“youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.你可能认为您声称每个工件都有潜在的科学价值这一观点是正确的。实际上,你错了。”可知C项“工艺品不是唯一有价值的,因此可以出售的工件,可以大量获得。”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。定位到末段最后一句“Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown当另一个罐子的来源已经知道了的时候,谁会想要一个没有标记的罐子。”可知项A项“潜在的购买者更愿意购买经过认证的产品。”符合题意。

4.推理判断题由“scientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket科学考古探险队和政府当局在公开市场上出售出土文物。”以及"Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney你可能会反对专业人士挖掘是为了获取知识,而不是金钱”,可知作者建议在公开市场上出售出土文物。故B项“本应在公共场所展出的文物将出售给私人收藏家。”与作者建议相反。

5.判断推理题。AB两项的内容“已经有复制品的市场存在,比如非法交易市场,而且这些复制品的科学价值不是很高。”在第二段的末尾和第三段的开头有提及。C项“这类文物的质量常常超过那些已经列入博物馆收藏目录的文物”文中没有提及。

3.单选题

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinaudio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“lot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.

1.Whyistheendofthebiddingcalled“knockingdown”?

2.TheRomansusedtosellbyauction().

3.Acandleusedtoburnatauctionsales().

4.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“lots”outoftheorderbecause().

问题1选项

A.Becausetheauctioneerknocksthebuyerdown.

B.Becausetheauctioneerknockstherostrumdown.

C.Becausethegoodsareknockeddownontothetable.

D.Becausetheauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer.

问题2选项

A.spoiltgoods

B.oldworn-outweapons

C.propertytakenfromtheenemy

D.spears

问题3选项

A.becausetheytookplaceatnight

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarm

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade

问题4选项

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyers

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitems

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaiting

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyers

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Whyistheendofthebiddingcalled“knockingdown”?1.为什么拍卖结束被称为“knockingdown”?

A.Becausetheauctioneerknocksthebuyerdown.A.因为拍卖师会把买家击倒。

B.Becausetheauctioneerknockstherostrumdown.B.因为拍卖人会把桌子砸倒。

C.Becausethegoodsareknockeddownontothetable.C.因为货物被撞到桌子上了。

D.Becausetheauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer.D.因为拍卖人用锤子敲桌子。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词knockingdown定位至第一段倒数第二句“这就是所谓的‘knockingdown’商品,因为当拍卖师用小锤子敲打他面前的桌子时,竞价就结束了”,可知,拍卖结束被称为knockingdown是因为拍卖结束时拍卖师会用小锤子敲打他面前的桌子,D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“因为拍卖师会把买家击倒”、B项“因为拍卖人会把桌子砸倒”和C项“因为货物被撞到桌子上了”根据解题思路可知,这三项属于曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.TheRomansusedtosellbyauction______.2.罗马人过去通过拍卖来出售______。

A.spoiltgoodsA.损坏的货物

B.oldworn-outweaponsB.老旧武器

C.propertytakenfromtheenemyC.从敌人手中夺取的战利品

D.spearsD.矛

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第二句“罗马人通常以这种方式出售他们在战争中获得的战利品(thespoilstakeninwar)”,可知,罗马人过去通过拍卖来出售战争中获得的战利品,C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“损坏的货物”和B项“老旧武器”原文没有提及,无中生有;

D项“矛”是人群聚集的信号,不是拍卖的物品,属于张冠李戴。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Acandleusedtoburnatauctionsales______.3.在拍卖会上,人们点着蜡烛,______。

A.becausetheytookplaceatnightA.因为拍卖是在晚上进行的

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogatherB.作为群众聚集的信号

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarmC.为了给拍卖师保暖

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemadeD.限制提出报价的时间

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段最后一句“在18世纪和19世纪的英国,商品通常是‘通过蜡烛’出售的:拍卖师点燃一支短蜡烛,然后在蜡烛点着的时候出价”,可知,在拍卖会中人们点上蜡烛,然后在它燃着的时候出价,也就是说,蜡烛熄灭,报价就停止了。说明蜡烛是用来限制报价的时间的。D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“因为拍卖是在晚上进行的”和C项“为了给拍卖师保暖”在文中没有提及,属于无中生有;

B项“作为群众聚集的信号”,根据第二段第二句“……一根矛被插在地上,作为人群聚集的信号”可知,矛才是群众聚集的信号,该项张冠李戴。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“lots”outoftheorderbecause______.4.拍卖人可能会决定出售这些“拍品”,因为______。

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyersA.他有时想迷惑买家

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitemsB.根据他的经验,他知道某些人会想买某些东西

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaitingC.他想让某些人久等

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyersD.他想减少买家的数量

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】第一段第三句提到“拍卖人不需要从第一件拍品开始,然后按数字顺序继续;他可能会一直等着直到他登记的某些经销商到达房间之后,才会出示他们可能感兴趣的物品”,这也就是说,拍卖人拍卖物品是根据经销商对物品的感兴趣程度来的,B项“根据他的经验,他知道某些人会想买某些东西”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“他有时想迷惑买家”、C项“他想让某些人久等”和D项“他想减少买家的数量”在原文没有依据,属于无中生有。

4.单选题

Itisgenerallythoughtthatasteachersworkwithstudents,psychologycourseworkis(

)toteacher-training.

问题1选项

A.indispensable

B.inviolate

C.indisposed

D.invariable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。indispensable“不可缺少的;绝对必要的”;inviolate“无污点的;未亵渎的”;indisposed“不舒服的;不愿意的”;invariable“不改变的;常数的”。句意:通常情况下都会认为当老师和学生共事时,心理学课程是教师培训必不可少的内容。选项A符合题意。

5.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

TheOlympicGamescanbetracedbacktotheancienttimes.TheGreekslikedallkindsofsports,becausesportsmadethebodystrong.ThegameswereheldeveryfouryearsandhundredsofthousandsofpeoplegatheredonvastflatlandstoappreciatethecompetitionbetweenathletesfromallpartsofGreece.Theeventsincludedrunning,wrestling,andhorseraces.Therewereeventsforbothadultsandchildren.Inmostofthegames,adultsandchildrenworelittleornoclothing.Instead,oilwasspreadoverthebody.Thetrophywasalaurelmadeofoliveleaves.Itwasthegreatesthonortobecrownedwithalaurel.

Hardworkenablesmetosurvivethemostdifficulttimeinmylifeabroad,duringmyfirstfewemployments.However,afterIjoinedmycurrentcompany,myworkaholicwassoonchallengedbymyboss.WhenIcalledhimathomeafterofficehoursforbusinesspurpose,hepolitelyremindedmethathepreferredtalkingaboutworkwithmelaterintheoffice.Whentheholidayseasonapproached,healwaysaskedmetoschedulemyleavebeforehand.Hetalkedwithmeabouthisholidayandalsoenquiredaboutmine.Forhimleaveistheright,butalsoaneed.

【答案】奥运会可以追溯到古代。希腊人喜欢运动,因为运动能让身体强壮。奥运会每四年一次,成千上万的人聚集在广阔的平地上来观看希腊各地运动员之间的比赛。比赛项目包括跑步、摔跤和赛马。成人和儿童的项目都有。在大部分比赛中,成人和儿童穿得很少或者不穿衣服,全身擦满油。奖杯是用橄榄叶做成的桂冠。被授予桂冠是最高的荣誉。

在我最初的几次工作中,努力工作让我度过了在国外生活的最困难时期。然而,在我加入现在的公司后,我的工作狂行为受到了自己老板的挑战。每当我下班后跟他打电话谈论工作时,他礼貌地提醒我他更愿意在上班时间跟我讨论。临近假期时,他总是让我提前安排假期。他经常和我谈论他的假期,也打听我的假期。对于他来说,放假是一种权利,也是一种必要。

6.不定项选择题

Howiscommunicationactuallyachieved?Itdepends,ofcourse,eitheronacommonlanguageoronknownconvention,oratleastonthebeginningsofthese.Butoften,especiallywithoriginalartistsandthinkers,theproblemisinonewaythatofcreatingalanguage,orcreatingaconvention,oratleastofdevelopingthelanguageandconventionstothepointwheretheyarecapableofbearingtheirprecisemeaning.Inliterature,inmusic,inthevisualarts,inthesciences,insocialthinking,inphilosophy,thiskindofdevelopmenthasoccurredagainandagain.Itoftentakesalongtimetogetthrough,andformanypeopleitwillremaindifficult.Butweneedneverthinkthatitisimpossible;creativeenergyismuchmorepowerfulthanwesometimessuppose.Whileamanisengagedinthisstruggletosaynewthingsinnewways,heisusuallymorethaneverconcentratedontheactualwork,andnotonitspossibleaudience.Manyartistsandscientistssharethisfundamentalunconcernaboutthewaysinwhichtheirworkwillbereceived.

Inthissenseitistruethatitisthedutyofsocietytocreateconditionsinwhichsuchmencanlive.Forwhateverthevalueofanyindividualcontribution,thegeneralbodyofworkisofimmensevaluetoeveryone.Butofcoursethingsarenotsoformal,inreality.Thereisnotsocietyontheonehandandtheseindividualsontheother.Inordinaryliving,andinhiswork,thecontributorsharesinthelifeofhissociety,whichoftenaffectshimbothinminorwaysandinwayssometimessodeepthatheisnotevenawareofthem.Hisabilitytomakehisworkpublicdependsontheactualcommunicationsystem:thelanguageitself,orcertainvisualormusicalorscientificconventions,andtheinstitutionsthroughwhichthecommunicationwillbepassed.Theeffectoftheseonhisactualworkcanbealmostinfinitelyvariable.Foritisnotonlyacommunicationsystemoutsidehim;itisalso,howeveroriginalhemaybe,acommunicationsystemwhichisinfactpartofhimself.Manycontributorsmakeactiveuseofthiskindofinternalcommunicationsystem.Itistothemselves,inaway,thattheyfirstshowtheirconceptions,playtheirmusic,andpresenttheirarguments.Ifonemindhasgraspedit,thenitmaybeopentootherminds.

Thehistorianisalsocontinuallystruckbythefactthatmenofthiskindfeltisolatedattheverytimewheninrealitytheywerebeginningtogetthrough.Thiscanalsobenoticedinourowntime,whensomeofthemostdeeplyinfluentialmenfeelisolatedandevenrejected.Thesocietyandthecommunicationarethere,butitisdifficulttorecognizethem,difficulttobesure.

1.Creativeartistsandthinkersachievecommunicationby().

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat().

3.Acommoncharacteristicofartistsandscientistsinvolvedincreativeworkisthat().

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

5.Itisimpliedattheendofthepassagethathighlyoriginalindividualsfeelisolatedbecausethey().

问题1选项

A.dependingonsharedconventions

B.fashioningtheirownconventions

C.adjustingtheirpersonalfeelings

D.elaboratingacommonlanguage

问题2选项

A.philosophicalthinkingcontributestotheformulationofconventions

B.humancreativityissometimesunderestimated

C.developmentinliteraturefollowssimilarwaystothatofsciences

D.theroleofconventionsincommunicationisnotwellrecognized

问题3选项

A.theycareaboutthepossiblereactiontotheirwork

B.publicresponseisoneoftheprimaryconceits

C.theyarekeenlyawareofpublicinterestintheirwork

D.theyareindifferenttowardresponsetotheirwork

问题4选项

A.Individualcontributionscombinedpossessgreatsignificancetothepublic.

B.Goodcontributorsdon’tneglecttheuseofinternalcommunicationsystem.

C.Everyoneexceptthoseoriginalpeoplecomesundertheinfluenceofsociety.

D.Knowinghowtocommunicateisuniversalamonghumanbeings.

问题5选项

A.failtoacknowledgeanduseanacceptableformofcommunication

B.actuallydifferfromotherindividualsinthesameperiod

C.havelittleincommonwiththesocietyofthetime

D.refusetoadmitparallelsbetweenthemselvesandthesociety

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第一段中“Butoften,especiallywithoriginalartistsandthinkers,theproblemisinonewaythatofcreatingalanguage,orcreatingaconvention,oratleastofdevelopingthelanguageandconventionstothepointwheretheyarecapableofbearingtheirprecisemeaning.但通常,特别是对原创艺术家和思想家来说,问题在某种程度上是创造一种语言,或创造一种惯例,或至少是发展语言和惯例,使它们能够承载它们的精确意义。”可知B项“形成他们自己的习俗”与原文相符。A项“根据共享的约定”,原文并没有相关表达;C项“调整他们的个人情感”,原文并没有相关表达;D项“阐述共同的语言”,原文并没有相关表达。因此B选项正确。

第2题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第一段第六句“Butweneedneverthinkthatitisimpossible;creativeenergyismuchmorepowerfulthanwesometimessuppose.但是我们永远不要认为它是不可能的;创造力比我们有时想象的要强大得多。”可知B项“人类的创造力有时被低估了”与原文相符。A项“哲学思维有助于惯例的形成”,原文并没有相关表达;C项“文学的发展遵循与科学的发展相似的方式”,原文并没有相关表达;D项“习俗在沟通中的作用没有得到很好的认可”,原文并没有相关表达。因此B选项正确。

第3题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第一段最后一句“Manyartistsandscientistssharethisfundamentalunconcernaboutthewaysinwhichtheirworkwillbereceived.许多艺术家和科学家都有这种根本的不关心他们的作品会以何种方式被接受的想法。”可知D项“他们对别人对他们工作的反应漠不关心”与原文相符。A项“他们关心对他们工作的可能反应”,原文并没有相关表达;B项“公众的反应是主要的自负之一”,原文并没有相关表达;C项“他们强烈地意识到公众对他们工作的兴趣”,原文并没有相关表达。因此D选项正确。

第4题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章第二段第五句“Inordinaryliving,andinhiswork,thecontributorsharesinthelifeofhissociety,whichoftenaffectshimbothinminorwaysandinwayssometimessodeepthatheisnotevenawareofthem.在日常生活中,在他的工作中,捐助者参与了他的社会生活。社会生活常常以微小的方式影响着他,有时影响是如此深远,以至他自己都没有意识到。”可知C项“除有独创性的人之外,所有人都受社会的影响”与原文相符。A项“结合在一起的个人贡献对公众有重要意义”,原文并没有相关表达;B项“好的贡献者不会忽视内部沟通系统的使用”,原文并没有相关表达;D选项“知道如何沟通是人类的共性”,原文并没有相关表达。因此C选项正确。

第5题:推理判断题。由题干定位到文章最后一段最后一句“Thesocietyandthecommunicationarethere,butitisdifficulttorecognizethem,difficulttobesure.社会和交流是存在的,但很难识别它们,很难确定。”与第一段中“Manyartistsandscientistssharethisfundamentalunconcernaboutthewaysinwhichtheirworkwillbereceived.许多艺术家和科学家都有这种根本的不关心他们的作品会以何种方式被接受的想法。”可知A项“未能承认和使用一种可接受的交流方式”与原文相符。B项“实际上不同于同一时期的其他个体”,原文并没有相关表达;C项“与当时的社会几乎没有共同点”,原文并没有相关表达;D项“拒绝承认自己与社会的相似之处”,原文并没有相关表达。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Heattendstothe(

)ofimportantbusinesshimself.

问题1选项

A.transaction

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transformation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。transaction“交易,业务”;transition“过渡,转变”;transmission“传送,播送”;transformation“转换”。句意:他亲自参与重要的商务会议。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexplanationseemednotto(

).

问题1选项

A.getup

B.getalong

C.getacross

D.getdown

【答案】C

【解析】动词短语。getup“起床”;getalong“相处,进展”;getacross“使……被理解”;getdown“从…下来,使沮丧”。句意:尽管我努力解释地足够清楚了,但是我的解释似乎不能被理解。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Peoplearefascinatedtoseethatthemagicianmadeabigandtalldeer()inaflash.

问题1选项

A.fade

B.shout

C.yield

D.vanish

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。A选项fade“消失”,侧重逐渐消失。例句:Somesaidthat,oncethisnoveltyhadwornoff,cinemawouldfadeaway.(有人说,一旦这种新鲜感消失,电影院就会消失。);B选项shout“呼喊;大声说”;C选项yield“屈服,放弃”;D选项vanish“使不见,使消失”,指完全、往往是神秘而突然的消失,不留任何蛛丝马迹。例句:Hevanishedwithouttrace.(他消失得无影无踪。)。句意:看到魔术师使一只又大又高的鹿瞬间消失,人们都被迷住了。由选项意思和句意可知,D选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Someoftheseonlineservicesarefree,whileothers(

)acharge.

问题1选项

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:有些网络服务是免费的,但是其他的需要付费。carry“包含”;cashier“解雇”;coincide“同时发生”;collect“收集”。根据句意,选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Forhispoorjobachievements,hisbosscomplainedthathehadn’t(

)hisresponsibilities.

问题1选项

A.livedupto

B.putupwith

C.lookedforwardto

D.goneinfor

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项liveupto“不辜负,做到”;B选项putupwith“忍受,容忍”;C选项lookforwardto“期望,期待”;D选项goinfor“参加,从事,追求”。根据关键词“poorjobachievements差劲的工作表现”和“responsibilities职责”,可知空格单词意思为“做到,完成”,句意为:对他差劲的工作表现,他的老板抱怨说他没有尽到职责。故和选项A意思接近。

12.写作题

WriteanessayontheAnswerSheetinabout200wordswiththetitle“OpenMind”

【答案】Openmind

Nowadays,havinganopenmindisveryindispensable.Ifsomebodyisopen-minded,thatmeanshe/sheiswillingtoacceptdifferentideasornewthings.Inoursociety,newthingskeeppumpingout,whichrequiresustohaveanopenmind.Onlyinthisway,wecanfollowthestepofthetimeandbenefitfromdevelopment.Ifweareconfinedourselvesinasmallworldandrefusetoacceptdifferentideas,thenoneday,wewillbecameverystubbornandhardtocommunicatewith.Andalso,ifwecan’tbeopen-minded,wewillneverhavecreativethinking,whichservesasthekeyofourdevelopment.Asanemployee,onlyifwehaveanopenmind,ononehand,wecanmakeachievementsandprogressbyrealizingourownweekpointsandappreciatingothers’strongones.Ontheotherhand,withanopenmind,wecanworkwithothercolleagueswonderfullythroughmutualunderstandingandappreciation.Asaboss,anopenmindisequallyessential,forhavingit,wearewillingtolistentosomedifferentopinionsandencourageouremployeestopresenttheirnewideas,whichcanbringhugesometimes.Tosumup,anopenmindistolifewhatbrothistosoup.

13.单选题

Parentsoftenfallintothetrapofofferingotherfoodinorde

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