考研考博-英语-南昌师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopment,ofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

问题1选项

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项junction“连接，接合，枢纽”；B选项paradox“自相矛盾的说法”；C选项premise“前提”；D选项dilemma“进退两难的局面”。句意：父母总是_____的选择：到底是该做他们自己认为对孩子发展有益的事，还是该容忍孩子任性的吵闹和破坏。这里表达的意思是父母面临两难的抉择，因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Thisprojectwould（

）ahugeincreaseindefensespending.

问题1选项

A.result

B.assure

C.entail

D.accomplish

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。句意:这个项目必须要在国防上的开支。

Result导致;assure保证,使某人相信;entail使是必需的;accomplish完成,实现(目标)，多用于完成某项任务或目标。因此C项符合句意。

3.单选题

Thephonehasrungsooftentodaythatitisbecomea/an（

）.

问题1选项

A.interruption

B.frustration

C.distress

D.nuisance

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项interruption“中断，干扰”；B选项frustration“挫折”；C选项distress“危难，不幸”；D选项nuisance“麻烦事”。句意：今天电话响了很多次，真烦人。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”

问题1选项

A.woulddo

B.wouldhavedone

C.did

D.haddone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。under引导一个非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词应该用wouldhavedone，故B项正确。句意：在他的所作所为受到表扬后，他说，“在更艰苦的条件下，我会做得更好。”因此，该题选择B项正确。

5.填空题

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereisoneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

(41)Afterbeingtoutedintheearly1990sas“themedicineofthefuture,”genetherapyleftan18-year-olddeadandthreeotherswithleukemia;inJulyitwastiedtothedeathofa36-year-oldIllinoiswomanundergoingtreatmentforrheumatoidarthritis,althoughfurtherinvestigationclearedhertherapyoftheblame.Genetherapyscientists,however,believetheycanputthebadnewsbehindthem,thankstoahandfulofrecentdevelopmentsandothersjustoverthehorizon.

(42)Researchersinitiallyplannedtotreathereditarydisorderssuchascysticfibrosis,inwhichnormalgeneproductsaredeficient,bydeliveringfunctionalcopiesofmissinggenestocellsthatneedthem.Sincethen,scientistshaveexpandedgenetherapy’spossibleapplicationstoinclude“training”immunecellstohuntdowncancer,buildingnewbloodvesselsandmakingtheimmunesystemresistanttoinfection.

“Wereallydon’tknowthefulldimensionofwhatitcando,”saysArthurNienhuis,ahematologistatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalinMemphisandpresidentoftheAmericanSocietyofGeneTherapy(ASGT).Inadditionto12cancertreatmentsandahearttreatmentcurrentlyinlargephaseIIIclinicaltrials,therehavebeenahandfulofearly-stagedevelopments:inJunedoctorsatNewYork—PresbyterianHospitalannouncedpromisingresultsfromaphaseItrialforParkinson’sdisease;atherapythathasrestoredsightto70congenitallyblinddogsisbeingtestedinhumansattheUniversityofPennsylvania;andeightresearchgroupsaregearinguptotestnewHIVtreatments.(43)

(44)Itcantargetonlythosetissuesthatneedit,“whichisamajorcontrastwithtraditionalpharmacotherapy,whereyoutakeapillorreceiveaninjection,andavery,verysmallportionoftheinjectedoringesteddrugactuallyarrivesatthe[correct]site,”saysDavidDichek,acardiologistattheUniversityofWashington.Butensuringthatthegenereachesitstargetisnosmallfeat.Trialscanskirtthisproblemwhentargetedcellscanbeinjecteddirectlyoreasilyremoved-withthelattermethod,doctorscanmanipulateisolatedcellsinthelabandreplacetheminthepatientlater.Butgettinggenestoinaccessibletargetshasbeenoneofthefield’sbiggesthurdles.

(45)Virusesaregoodatdeliveringgeneticpayloadstocells;afterall,thatiswhattheydo.Ifscientistsstripvirusesoftheirgeneticmaterialandreplaceitwiththerapeuticgenes,viruseswilldeliverthispayloadtothecellsinstead.Differentvirusesdodifferentthings—someattacktheliver,othersnerves;someinserttheirDNAintothehostgenome,othersdonot—sophysicianscanchoosethosethatbestsuittheirpurposesandfurtherengineerthemifneedbe.“There’sbeenalotofefforttosteervirusestogospecificplaces,”saysDonaldKohn,animmunologistattheKeckSchoolofMedicineoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaandChildrenHospitalLosAngeles.

A.Evenifgenetherapyconquersthesechallenges,williteverovercomeitsnegativereputation?

B.Whatmakesgenetherapysopromisingalsomakesitextremelychallenging.

C.Mostscientistsusemodifiedvirusesas“vectors”todelivergenetherapy.

D.AlthoughnogenetherapieshaveyetbeenapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,morethan800trialsareongoing;Chinahasapprovedtwocancertreatments,buttheirefficacyremainsunclear.

E.Thepast15yearshavebeenarollercoasterforgenetherapy.

F.Genetherapydescribesanytreatmentinwhichdoctorsinsertnewormodifiedgenesintoaperson’scellstotreatorpreventdisease.

【答案】41.E

42.F

43.D

44.B

45.C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Evenifgenetherapyconquersthesechallenges,williteverovercomeitsnegativereputation?A.即使基因疗法克服了这些挑战，它能克服它的负面名声吗？

B.Whatmakesgenetherapysopromisingalsomakesitextremelychallenging.B.基因治疗如此有前途的同时也极具挑战性。

C.Mostscientistsusemodifiedvirusesas“vectors”todelivergenetherapy.C.大多数科学家使用改良病毒作为载体来进行基因治疗。

D.AlthoughnogenetherapieshaveyetbeenapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,morethan800trialsareongoing;Chinahasapprovedtwocancertreatments,buttheirefficacyremainsunclear.D.尽管美国食品和药物管理局尚未批准基因疗法，但有800多项试验正在进行中；中国已经批准了两种癌症疗法，但疗效尚不清楚。

E.Thepast15yearshavebeenarollercoasterforgenetherapy.E.过去的15年是基因治疗的过山车。

F.Genetherapydescribesanytreatmentinwhichdoctorsinsertnewormodifiedgenesintoaperson’scellstotreatorpreventdisease.F.基因疗法指的是医生将新的或修改过的基因注入人体细胞以治疗或预防疾病的任何一种治疗方法。

41.空格处位于句首，推测空格处为段落主旨句。下文中主要提到“基因疗法在20世纪90年代初被吹捧为未来的药物，后来导致一名18岁的人死亡，另有三人患上白血病等”，E选项“过去的15年是基因治疗的过山车”很好地总结了这一段的大意，因此，该题选择E项。

42.空格下文中分别提到研究者和科学家对基因疗法的研究和利用，F项是对基因疗法概念和用途的介绍。因此，该题选择F项“基因疗法指的是医生将新的或修改过的基因注入人体细胞以治疗或预防疾病的任何一种治疗方法”恰当。

43.该段主要讲的是关于基因疗法的临床试验和早期发展情况，所以最后一句应该是和基因疗法的发展相关，D项“尽管美国食品和药物管理局尚未批准基因疗法，但有800多项试验正在进行中；中国已经批准了两种癌症疗法，但疗效尚不清楚”符合该段段意。因此，该题选择D项正确。

44.上一段提到了基因疗法可观的发展前景，下文却提到基因疗法面临的问题和障碍，可以推测空格处为一个承上启下的过渡句，B选项“基因治疗如此有前途的同时也极具挑战性”符合。

45.空格处位于句首，推测空格处为段落主旨句。下文主要提到病毒的特点和作用，以及科学家对病毒的利用，C项“大多数科学家使用改良病毒作为载体来进行基因治疗”符合该段落大意。因此，该题选择C项恰当。

6.单选题

Mutualrespectforterritorial______isoneofthebasesuponwhichourtwocountriesdeveloprelationships.

问题1选项

A.unity

B.integrity

C.entirely

D.reliability

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。unity“统一”；integrity“完整，正直”;entirely“完全地”；reliability“可靠性”。句意：对领土完整的相互尊重是两国关系发展的基础之一。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Unfortunatelymostofthesciencefictionfilmsofthe1970swerenotmuchinfluencedby2001:ASpaceOdyssey.SkillfullydirectedbyStanleyKubrick,2001,whichappearedin1968,setnewstandardsforsciencefictionfilms.Duringthenextdecade,everyoneofthedozensofsciencefictionmoviesreleasedwascomparesto2001,andallbutafewwerefoundsadlytacking.

Admittedly,Kubrickhadoneofthelargestbudgetseverforafilmofthiskind,but,inmyopinion,muchofthemovie’spowerandappealwasachievedthroughrelativelyinexpensivemeans.Forexample,themusicalscorewhichwasadaptedinlargepartfromwell-knownclassicalcompositions,wasreinforcedbytheuseofalmostkaleidoscopicvisualeffects,especiallyduringthespacetravelsequences.Spectacularcameraworkwaseditedtocorrespondpreciselytotheebbandflowofthemusic.

After2001,thedominantthemeofsciencefictionfilmsshiftedfromtheadventuresofspacetraveltotheproblemscreatedonearthbyman’smismanagementofthenaturalenvironmentandtheabuseoftechnologybyatotalitarianstate.Overpopulationandtheaccompanyingshortagesoffoodpromptthestatetoimposeextraordinarycontrolsonitscitizens.Nofewerthantwenty-ninefilmsweremadearoundthisthemeintheyearsbetween1970and1977,includingSurvivorsandChronicles.

Intheopinionofthisreviewer,untilStarWarswasreleasedin1977,sciencefictionfilmwerereducedtoshallowsymbolismdisguisingtoagreaterorlesserdegreeaseriesofrepetitiveplots.ButStarWarswasdifferent.Itofferedusareturntoimaginativevoyagesinspaceandconfrontationwithintelligentlifeonotherplanets.Unliketheothersciencefictionfilmsofthedecade,StarWarspresentedtechnologyashavingsolvedratherthanaggravatedecologicalproblems.Thespecialeffectscreatedtosimulatespacevehicleshurtlingthroughtheblacknessoftheuniversewerereminiscentoftheartisticstandardssetby2001.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion,mostofsciencefictionfilmsreleasedinthe1970swere（

）.

2.Thethemeofthemajorityofsciencefictionfilmsmadebetween1970and1977was

（

）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,whywas2001successful?

4.Whatdoestheauthormostobjecttointhesciencefictionmoviesofthe1970s?

问题1选项

A.betterthan2001:ASpaceOdyssey

B.Notasgoodas2001:ASpaceOdyssey

C.almostthesameasStarWars

D.betterthanStarWars

问题2选项

A.spacetravel

B.lifeonotherplanets

C.ecologicalproblemsonearth

D.warsbetweentheearthandotherplanets

问题3选项

A.Becauseitsbudgetwaslarge.

B.Becauseitscameraworkandmusicalscorewereblendedartistically.

C.Becauseitsplotwasrepetitive.

D.Becauseitssymbolismwasverygood.

问题4选项

A.Heobjectstotheircamerawork.

B.Hedoesnotliketheirmusic.

C.Hebelievesthattheirstoriesaretoomuchalike.

D.Hecriticizestheirspecialeffects.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“在作者看来，大部分70年代上映的科幻电影……”。文章第一段第一句提到“不幸的是20世纪70年代大大部分科幻电影很少受《2001太空漫游》的影响”（Unfortunatelymostofthesciencefictionfilmsofthe1970swerenotmuchinfluencedby2001:ASpaceOdyssey）；第一段最后一句提到“在接下来的十年里，所有上映的科幻电影都被拿来与2001做比较，但是除了少数几部电影外，其他的都不怎么样”（Duringthenextdecade,everyoneofthedozensofsciencefictionmoviesreleasedwascomparesto2001,andallbutafewwerefoundsadlytacking），由此可知，其他的电影不如2001:ASpaceOdyssey，选项B符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“大部分1979年到1977年间的科幻电影主题是……”。文章第三段第一句提到“在《2001太空漫游》之后，科幻电影的主题从太空旅行转移到因人类对自然环境管理不善和极权主义国家对技术的滥用而导致的地球问题上”（After2001,thedominantthemeofsciencefictionfilmsshiftedfromtheadventuresofspacetraveltotheproblemscreatedonearthbyman’smismanagementofthenaturalenvironmentandtheabuseoftechnologybyatotalitarianstate），所以选项C“地球生态问题”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么2001会成功，作者的观点是什么”。文章第二段提到“引人入胜的摄影工作被编辑来响应起伏的音乐”（Spectacularcameraworkwaseditedtocorrespondpreciselytotheebbandflowofthemusic），选项B“因为它的摄影工作与音乐是艺术的融合”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“对于20世纪70年代的科幻电影，作者反对的是……”。文章第三段提到1970到1977年间29部电影围绕着同一个主题；最后一段提到“在这位影评家看来，直到1977年《星球大战》上映之前，科幻电影或多或少出现一系列重复情节”（Intheopinionofthisreviewer,untilStarWarswasreleasedin1977,sciencefictionfilmwerereducedtoshallowsymbolismdisguisingtoagreaterorlesserdegreeaseriesofrepetitiveplots），选项C“作者认为它们的故事情节有太多相似之处”符合题意。

8.填空题

UnemploymentintheWest:Thequestforjobs

Itisnot（1）forpoliticianstoreducetheWest'sfrighteninglyhighunemploymentlevels.

ALITTLFgeographicalimaginationhelpstoconveythescaleofjoblessnessintheWest.Ifthe44mpeoplewhoare（2）inthemainlyrichmembersoftheOECDlivedinonecountry,itspopulationwouldbesimilarto（3）.InSpainitself,whichhastheWest'shighestjoblessrate(21%),thenumberofpeople（4）workmatchesthecombinedpopulationofMadridandBarcelona.InAmericathe14mpeopleofficiallyjoblesswould（5）thefifth-most-populousstateintheunion.Andinthe11m“underemployed”,whoareworkinglessthantheywouldlike,anditisthesizeofTexas.

Thelandscapeisnotuniformlybleak.Germany,forexample,nowhasa（6）joblessratethanbeforethefinancialcrisis.Butinmostoftherichworldthe（7）ofpeopleunemployed,thoughdownabitfromitspeakin2009,（8）stillalarminglyhigh,evenasfearsmountthatseveralcountriesmaybeslippingbackintorecession.Andthehumancostoftheeconomiccrisisispaidlargely（9）thosewhoareoutofwork,forjoblessnessincreasesdepression,divorce,substanceabuseandprettymucheverythingthatcango（10）inalife.

Worse,today'sjoblessnessisaparticularlydangeroussort.Adisproportionateshareofthoseoutofworkarcyoung,andyouthunemploymentleavesmorescars,intermsoflowerfuturewagesandgreaterlikelihoodoffutureunemployment.

【答案】1.impossible

2.unemployed

3.Spain’s

4.without

5.form

6.lower

7.number

8.is

9.by

10.wrong

【解析】1.词汇题。该处句型为:Itis...forsb.todosth.,因此应填入一个形容词。根据文章可推测,此处句意为:对于政客们来说，降低西方国家令人为之恐惧的高失业率并不是不可能。

2.词汇题。空格所在从句为定语从句,修饰先行词44mpeople,前句句意为:一张小的地理图片便能有助于映射出西方国家的失业情况。因此空格处应该指的是“失业人群”。

3.词汇题。根据空格后的“InSpainitself(就西班牙本身而言)”可知,前面涉及的应该是西班牙的现状。这里应该指:失业人口和西班牙人口相一致。

4.词汇题。此处句意为:没有工作的人数与马德里和巴塞罗那的人口总数相当。

5.词汇题。空格所在句意为:在美国，官方统计的失业人口为1400万，足以……该国的第五大州。因此此处填入form表示“组成”。

6.词汇题。根据前句句意“西方这景象也不全是这么惨淡”可推测此处表示:与金融危机之前扣比，德国如今的失业率却相对较低。

7.词汇题。该处表示“失业人群的数量”,因此填入number比较合适。

8.语法题。空格处应填入主句的谓语动词。主语是“proportion比例”,而且空格后是副词和形容词,所以此处填入系动词is。

9.固定搭配。Bepaidby由…承担，由…支付。

10.固定搭配。Gowrong误入歧途。

9.翻译题

Passage1

对于阿尔茨海默(Alzheimer’s)病来说,那是个重要的星期。美国公共广播公司(PBS)播出了一部有关阿尔茨海默病的优秀纪录片《遗忘》。此外,科学界喜讯频传,给众多与病魔做斗争的家庭以及即可能患病的生育高峰出生的一代带来了希望。虽然目前还没有治愈的办法,但科学家们在若干前沿领域的研宄取得了新的成果。包括大剂量服用维生素；联合治疗和大脑成像技术等。

Passage2

渴望提高效率的人们总是以克服浪费时间的习惯作为起点,但我却认为那是错误的。培养个人习惯来的要慢一些,首先要明确目的。如果你没有明确目的,只是尝试用高效的习惯去排挤无效的习惯,那结果只有失败。你需要一个宏大的,有吸引力的目标来激发自己。能从工作时间时挤出15分钟的原因,就是因为你由于更好的利用这15分钟产生的激情。

Passage3

1957年发射的第一颗人造卫星使美国大为震惊,并促使他们釆取行动。在这一过程中,美国人提出了卫星导航系统的构想,并称其为GPS。它彻底地解决了在地球这个三维空间中如何确定位置的问题。GPS技术己被用于各种活动,但其最高机密是其作为钟表的价值。和银行、电讯、甚至电力网等相关的对时间要求较高的一些作业己越来越依赖GPS。

ChooseONLYONEpassagefromthefollowingpassageandtranslateitaswellasyoucan.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Ifmorethanonetranslationappearsonyouranswersheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored.

【答案】10.单选题

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）ofthecompany.

问题1选项

A.appointedtopresident.

B.appointedpresident

C.appointedapresident

D.appointedthepresident

【答案】B

【解析】句意:格林先生最近升任公司董事长了。

语法题。考查冠词。根据冠词的语法规则,职位前不加冠词。而且appoint是及物动词,后面直接接宾语president。故选B.

11.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

朋友来访，站在我的书橱前流连忘返，见他一副痴迷的样子，我故作豪爽地说：“喜欢看什么说就先拿去吧。”嘴上虽然这么说，其实心里还是很不情愿的，书像是自己的孩子，是生命的另一部分，生生被别人抱去，总是有点舍不得，朋友没有看出我的小算盘，只顾听了我的话，在书橱里挑三拣四地翻出几本书来，竟都是我喜欢的，时不时要拿出来读读的那种。但是泼出来的水是收不回来了，何况因为几本书，也显得太小家子气。

【答案】Afriendofminecametoseeme.Hestoodbeforemybookcaselookingoverthebooks.Atthesightofhimlingeringbeforeitwithraptattention,Ipretendedtobegenerous,“Takeanyasyoulike.”Isaidthatinspiteofmyself.ActuallyIwasreluctant,forIregardedmybooksasmychildren,partofmylife.HowcouldIbearthembeingtornawayfromme.Myfriendtookmeatmywordandbeganchoosingbookstohisliking.Unfortunatelyhispickhappenedtobemyfavorites,thoseI’dliketoreadandrereadnowandthen.ButIcouldn’tgobackonmyword,forwhat’sdonecan’tbeundone.Toregretforlendingafewbookswouldmakemelooknarrow-minded.

12.翻译题

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。维护世界和平，加强友好合作，促进共同发展是各国人民的共同愿望。当前，贫困、失业、难民、犯罪、人口膨胀、环境恶化、毒品泛滥、恐怖主义等问题仍然严峻，影响着全球的稳定与发展。中国与西方国家虽然国情不同，但在一系列重大国际问题上具有广泛一致的利益。我对中国同西方各国关系的改善与发展感到高兴。中国政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基础上，同包括西方国家在内的世界各国政府和人民一道，为和平与发展的崇高事业做出贡献。

【答案】参考译文：Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomajorthemesintoday'sworld.Themaintenanceofworldpeace,strengtheningfriendshipandcooperationandpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationofallpeoples.Atpresent,poverty,unemployment,refugees,crime,apopulationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugtrafficking,terrorismandotherissuesarestillsevereandaffectglobalstabilityanddevelopment.AlthoughChinaandwesterncountrieshavedifferentnationalconditions,bothsideshavebroadlyconsistentinterestsinaseriesofmajorinternationalissues.IamdelightedtoseetheimprovementanddevelopmentoftheconnectionbetweenChinaandwestcountries.ThegovernmentandpeopleofChinawouldliketodevotetothegreatpeaceanddevelopmentonthebasisofmutualtrustandequalityandmutualbenefitwithallthepeopleandallthegovernmentsincludingwestcountries.

13.问答题

Filmmakersunderstandablylosemuchoftheirinterestinthegenre,(appealto)

【答案】Itisunderstandablethatthegenredoesn’tappealtofilmmakersmuch.

14.单选题

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.Yousay,"IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?

ProfessorJerealdJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga"whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewayofpeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrainedobservertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow”.Theyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch（痒）.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManWatchingcalls“themouthcover”.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwithfingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeinterpretedasanunconsciousattemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthings,and,inparticular,thecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Onesometimestellsone'sfrienda“whitelie”becauseonewantsto

（

）.

2.Oneresearchsuggeststhatwomen（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

4.Peoplemayrubtheirnoseswhentheyliebecause

（

）.

5.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.makeaprofitfromtheotherperson

B.avoidoffendingtheotherperson

C.convincetheotherperson

D.havesomefun

问题2选项

A.generallylifefarmorethanmen

B.tendtotellmoreseriousliesthanmen

C.makemorepromisestheycanfulfillthanmen

D.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmen

问题3选项

A.politicianstendtotellintentionallies

B.menarelessskilledattellinglies

C.businessmenseldombreaktheirpromises

D.womentendtomakefalsepromises

问题4选项

A.theysufferfromhighbloodpressureatthetime

B.thenoseisthemostsensitivepartofthehumanbody

C.thenoserevealstheliarmoreeasilythantheotherpartsoftheface

D.theydosoinordertostopthemselvesfromtellingmorelies

问题5选项

A.liescaneasilybedetectedbycarefulobservers

B.liesareusuallyaccompaniedbystrangegestures

C.peopleareabletotellaliewhentheyhearotherslying

D.aliarmaygiveawayhisorherintentionunconsciously

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据下文的举例：比如一个女士在派对上对另一个女士说，她喜欢她的衣服，而实际上她觉得它看起来很糟糕。由此可推测，这样说是为了避免冒犯他人，选项B正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies...”其他研究人员表示，男性更有可能说一些更严重的谎言。选项D是对原文的反向表达，意思是一致的，所以正确。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeway.”这是政客和商人应该特别擅长的谎言：说谎者希望从谎言中获利或在某些方面得到好处。由此可推测，政客们倾向于故意说谎，选项A符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据第三段的最后两句“Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch.”对此的一种解释可能是说谎会导致血压轻微升高。鼻尖对于这种变化非常敏感，血压增加会使它发痒。选项A符合原文。

5.推理判断题。本题可采用排除法。选项A和C在文中没有提及；选项B符合原文；选项D无法直接从文中的信息推导出来，所以选项B更恰当。

15.单选题

It’scloudyoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.

_____.

问题1选项

A.Yes,takeiteasy.

B.Well,itjustdepends.

C.OK.Justinease.

D.Allright,you’rewelcome.

【答案】C

【解析】考查句意理解。句意：外面多云，请带伞。_____。所以回答应该是：好的，为了以防万一。A项“是的，慢慢来”；B项“仅仅取决于”；D项“不客气”。根据句意选C。

16.单选题

Ofcourse,therearepictureswhichcanbeinterpretedinmorethanoneway,andevenpicturesforwhichthereisno（

）interpretation.

问题1选项

A.plausible

B.applicable

C.reliable

D.comprehensible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词辨析。plausible“看似合理的”；applicable“可应用的”；reliable“可以信赖的”；comprehensible“可以理解的”。句意：当然，有些画作可以从多种角度来理解，而有些画作却难以得到合理的解读。选项A符合句意。

17.问答题

ThedropinthepriceofBrentcrudefromahighofmorethan$115abarrelinJunetolessthan

A

$60earlierthismonthhasputextramoneyintoconsumer’spocketsandboosted

B

C

fuel-intensivebusinesses,whilecuttingoilcompanies’revenuesandstokingfinancialcrisesin

D

oil-producingcountriesincludingRussiaandVenezuela.

【答案】试题答案：C;consumers’

【解析】考查名词所有格。根据语义可知此处的消费者不止一个，以s结尾的复数名词的所有格直接加“'”，consumers’意为“消费者的”。

18.单选题

Heavyfightinghasbeengoingonaftertheguerrillashad（）theiroffensiveattackonlocalforce.

问题1选项

A.undertaken

B.launched

C.begun

D.embarked

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。undertake“承担”；launch“发射”；begin“开始”；embark“出发”。本句意为“游击队开始对当地军队发动进攻后，激烈的战斗一直在进行”。begin符合句意，表达进攻从开始就一直进行着。因此选项C正确。

19.单选题

Acompletelynewsituationisboundto（）whentheexaminationsystemisintroduced.

问题1选项

A.rise

B.arise

C.raise

D.arouse

【答案】B

【解析】近义词辨析。句意：当考试制度被引入时，必然会出现一个全新的局面。arise没有“上升”之意，多指“产生、发生和出现”，常用于抽象事物。所以选项B正确。

20.翻译题

许多人觉得跟计算机打交道比跟人打交道更自在。计算机更有耐心，不会对操作的人评头论足。许多学生向教师请教的时候，总会感到紧张，他们乐于向计算机提问。有些病人更愿意向计算机而不是向医生说明自己的病情，甚至出现了能够解决心理问题的计算机程序，因为许多人觉得与别人讨论自己的心理问题不太自在。

【答案】答：

Manypeoplefeelthatit’smorecomfortabletodealwithcomputersthanwithpeople.Theywillnotfeeljudgedbecausethecomputerismorepatient.Manystudentsfeelnervouswhentheyaskteachersforadvice,sotheyaremorewillingtoturntocomputers.Somepatientsprefertoexplaintheirillnesstoacomputerratherthanadoctor.Asaresult,thereareevencomputerprogramsthatcandealwithpsychologicalproblems,becausemanyfeeluncomfortablediscussingtheirpsychologicalproblemswithothers.

21.单选题

Facedwiththe（）difficulties,theyaredeterminedtocarryontheirprogram.

问题1选项

A.satisfactory

B.attributable

C.intangible

D.innocent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项satisfactory“满意的，符合要求的”；B选项attributable“归属的，属性的”；C选项intangible“无形的，触摸不到的，难以理解的”；D选项innocent“无辜的，无罪的”。句意：面对无形的困难，他们下定决心继续他们的项目。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。

22.单选题

Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”(namedafteritsaddressontheFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.

SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity.Theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity,moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe"AshCanSchool"andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenthcenturyorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.

ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.InCubismnaturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting.Theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?

3.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasamajornewmovementinthetwentieth-centuryart?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?

问题1选项

A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.

B.ModemartmovementsintheUnitedStates.

C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.

D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.

问题2选项

A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists

B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery"291"

C.TripstoEurope

D.TheArmoryShowof1913

问题3选项

A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodemart.

B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.

C.Topointoutthatmanyartistslearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhi