考研考博-英语-宜宾学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宜宾学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Animportantpropertyofscientifictheoryisitsabilityto（）furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

问题1选项

A.stimulate

B.renovate

C.arouse

D.advocate

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。stimulate刺激，鼓舞；renovate革新，修复；arouse引起，唤醒；advocate主张，拥护。句意：科学理论的一个重要特性是它能够激发对特定主题的进一步研究和思考。选项A符合句意。

2.单选题

TheexpresstrainfromLondon（

）ontime.

问题1选项

A.pulledup

B.pulledover

C.pulledin

D.pulledthrough

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。pullup意为“拔起，阻止”；pullover意为“靠边停车”；pullin意为“吸引，进站”；pullthrough意为“恢复健康，度过难关”。

句意：从伦敦开出的快车准时进站。

3.单选题

Afterreadingthesebooks,hewas______totheDarwiniantheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.changed

B.converted

C.transferred

D.adjusted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项change“改变、变化”；B项convert“使转变”；C项transfer“转移、调动”；D项adjust“调整、使适应”；beconvertedto转变为、皈依；句意：读了这些书之后，他皈依了达尔文的进化论。因此该题B项正确。

4.翻译题

是起点也是终点，是终点也是起点；是欢聚也是离散，是出发也是归宿。从来没有一个地方，能汇集如许人的流动量，从来没有一个地方，能拥有如许悲欢离合。从清晨到白昼，从黄昏到晚上，从黑夜到黎明，数不清的脚印，带着来自各地的泥土。重重叠叠，密密麻麻踩上去；有红色的土来自山间，有褐色的土来自田野，有黑色的土来自城市，有白色的土来自海滨。聚拢又散失，堆积又泻落，没有一粒种子能在土里长根，如同没有一双脚步会在这里驻留；缘因——这只是流动的浮土，这仅是过往的月台。

【答案】Itisthebeginningyettheend,theendyetthebeginning.Itisthereunionyetthediscrete,thestartingpointyetthedestination.Therehasneverbeenaplacethatcancollecttheflowofsuchpeopleandthatcanhavesuchjoysandsorrows.Frommorningtoday,fromdusktonight,fromnighttodawn,countlessfootprints,withsoilfromallovertheworld,steponit:redearthfromthemountains,brownearthfromthefields,blackearthfromthecities,andwhiteearthfromthecoast.Thosesoilgathersanddisperses,accumulatesandfalls.Noseedcangrowrootsinthesoil,justlikenopairoffeetwillstayhere.Becauseit’sjustfloatingclay,andit’sjusttheplatformofthepast.

5.单选题

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhistculturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,howeverwasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNationalProduct(GNP).TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry’sprogressbypeople’shappiness.Ifthepeople’shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH).

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.

NowthereissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.

Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.

BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.

1.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?

2.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutan?

3.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPby（

）.

4.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifthey（

）.

5.Today,manycountriesare（

）.

问题1选项

A.Apresident.

B.ABuddhistpriest.

C.Ageneral

D.Aking

问题2选项

A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.

B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.

C.Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.

D.Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms

问题3选项

A.sellingmoreproducts

B.spendingmoremoney

C.spendinglessmoney

D.providingmorejobs

问题4选项

A.havenewtechnology

B.canchangetheirreligion

C.haveagood,stablegovernment

D.havemoremoney

问题5选项

A.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress

B.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH

C.talkingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress

D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘吉格梅•辛格•旺楚克是谁?’。根据文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutan—位名叫JigmeSingyeWangchuck国王的新的统治者决定帮助不丹王国”，所以D选项‘国王’正确

2.细节事实题。题干询问‘除了使不丹现代化，旺楚克还想为不丹做些什么?’。根据文章第一段中最后一句“anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodem,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.一位名叫吉格梅•辛格•旺楚克的新统治者决定帮助不丹成为现代化国家，但同时又不丧失其传统。”确定D选项‘保持其传统和习俗’正确。

3.细节事实题。题干询问‘一个国家通过国民生产总值来显示它的进步通过……’。根据第二段第四句“Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.当产品销量增加时，人们说这个国家正在取得进步。”确定A选项‘销售更多的产品’正确。

4.细节事实题。题干询问‘根据GNH，如果人们……，他们会更快乐’。在文章第三段，列举了衡量GNH的多个标准。只有C选项‘拥有一个良好、稳定的政府’符合该段中的最后一句“peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.当人们拥有一个良好、稳定的政府时，他们会更快乐。”所以C选项正确。

5.细节事实题。题干询问‘如今，许多国家都…’。根据文章倒数第二段中的第二句和第三句“ManycountriesarcnowinterestedinBhutan’sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.许多国家现在对不丹的GNH感兴趣。这些国家正在研究自己衡量幸福的方法。”确定D选项‘试图找到自己衡量幸福的方法’正确。

6.单选题

ThespellingofmanyOldEnglishwordshasbeen（）inthelivinglanguage,althoughtheirpronunciationshavechanged.

问题1选项

A.preserved

B.preempted

C.revised

D.improved

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。Preserve“保留，保护”；preempt“先占，取代”；revise“修订，校订”；improve“改善，提高”。句意：许多古英语中单词的拼写在现代语言中被保留了，尽管它们的发音有变化。选项A符合题意。

7.翻译题

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday’smediaandtechnologybrawl-iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,Windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD-wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it’sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit’sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.

Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfo-techisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday’sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn’texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It’snosurprise,ofcourse.

Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision’sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople—over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumer.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe’dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe’reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.BWhite,whoin1938wrote,“Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure.”Westilldon’tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

【答案】当你试图弄清楚消费者信息技术的发展方向，以及它对社会的意义时，请记住一个重要的中心事实:人们只是想看更多的电视节目。

索尼在最近的消费电子展上推出了大量可以在电视机上播放互联网视频的产品，几乎所有其他消费电子产品公司都是如此。

自从处理器功率和带宽稳步增长的基本事实变得明显以来，预言家们就自信地预测到了这一天。

而事实恰恰相反。尽管有许多网络时代的替代品，但是我们美国人今天比以往任何时候都看更多无聊的老电视，这说明了一些问题。

没有人比伟大的纽约客散文家E，B怀特更好地评估了电视，他在1938年写到“我确信我们的成败将系于电视”。

8.单选题

Dieting,accordingtoanoldjoke,maynotactuallymakeyoulivelonger,butitsurefeelsthatway.Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.Suchresultshaveinspiredthousandsofpeopletoputupwithconstanthungerinthehopeoflivinglonger,healthierlives.Theyhavealsoledtoasearchfordrugsthatmimictheeffectsofcalorierestrictionwithoutthepainofgoingonanactualdiet.

Amidthetrend,itiseasytoforgetthatnoonehasuntilnowshownthatcalorierestrictionworksinhumans.Thatomission,however,changedthismonth,withthepublicationoftheinitialresultsofthefirstsystematicinvestigationintothematter.Thisstudytook48menandwomenandassignedthemrandomlytoeitheracontrolgrouporacalorie—restrictionregime.Thoseinthesecondgroupwererequiredtocuttheircalorieintakeforsixmonthsto75%ofthatneededtomaintaintheirweight.

Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.

Atamolecularlevel,itsuggeststheseadvantagesarereal.Thoseonrestricteddietsshoweddropsinbodytemperatureandblood—insulinlevels—bothphenomenathathavebeenseeninlong—lived,calorie—restrictedanimals.TheyalsosufferedlessdamagetotheirDNA.

EricRavussin,ofLouisianaStateUniversity,saysthatsuchresultsprovidesupportforthetheorythatcalorierestrictionproducesametabolicadaptationoverandabovethatwhichwouldbeexpectedfromweightlossalone.Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.

Thesearchforadrugthatwilldelayoldageisitselfasoldasthehills—asisthewishfulthinkingofthesuckerswhofinancesuchefforts.Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.Thesemightprovidethenecessarybiochemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglonger.

1.Welearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Theword“landmark”(Line1,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

3.Theresultsofpreviousresearchontheeffectsofcalorierestrictionareunconvincingbecause（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatpeople（

）.

5.Peoplemighttakeenzymesasasubstituteforcalorierestrictioninthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.peoplearecrazyaboutdietinginordertolosesomeweight

B.experimentalresultsshowthatdietingcanprolonganimals’life

C.inthestudy,twogroupsofpeoplewereaskedtogoonadiet

D.fewresultshavebeenworkedoutontheeffectsofcalorierestriction

问题2选项

A.aneventofmuchprofit

B.aneventofgreatexcitement

C.aneventofgreatsignificance

D.aneventofuniquefeatures

问题3选项

A.thesubjectsoftheresearchwereeitherofoverweightorslightlyunderweight

B.calorie-restrictedanimalsshoweddifferentphysicalsignsintheresearch

C.thedecreaseinbodytemperaturemayresultfromchangesofoutsidetemperature

D.peoplecannottellthebenefitsoflosingweightfromthoseofcalorierestriction

问题4选项

A.havebeenengagedinthestudyofthereplacementofcalorierestriction

B.havebeenlookingfordrugsthatcanprolonghumans’lifeforages

C.canexpectachangeintheirmetabolicratewhengoingonadiet

D.maybenefitfrommetabolicadaptationinthatitmayprotecttheirDNA

问题5选项

A.theyestablishachemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglong

B.theycanprovidepeoplewithenoughnutrition

C.theyworkinasimilarwaythatcalorierestrictiondoes

D.theyarefavoredbypeoplewhofinancethedrugresearch

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.尽管如此，自20世纪30年代以来，越来越多的证据表明，在老鼠、狗、鱼和猴子身上实行卡路里限制——将动物的能量摄入降低到低于其能量消耗——可以延长寿命，并延缓衰老相关疾病的发生。”可知之前相关的研究表明节食可以延长动物的寿命。所以选项B为正确答案。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。定位到文章第三段“Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.这项研究是该领域历史上的里程碑，因为它的研究对象要么体重正常，要么只是稍微超重。”landmark在这里是有“里程碑的事件”的意思，和C选项“具有重大意义的事件”意义相近。因此选项C正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.由于以往的研究对象都是临床肥胖研究者，因此人们会把减肥对健康毋庸置疑的好处与限制卡路里摄入量对健康人群可能带来的好处混淆在一起。”由这句话我们可以得知人们常常会把减肥的好处和限制卡路里的摄入混在一起，区分不清。这样也就造成了之前的研究不是很确定。故正确答案选D。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第五段“Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.然而，这种代谢适应可能就是为什么限制热量摄入与延长动物寿命有关的原因——这当然也是在过去15年里一直在寻找除半饥饿之外触发这种代谢适应方法的人的希望。”结合上下文推断，这里主要是节食过程中，动物身上的新陈代谢发生变化。和选项C的意思基本相符。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章最后一段“Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.那些希望通过模拟限制卡路里的作用来研制药物的人，他们并非完全只是些江湖郎中，因为已知有一组酶，它们既是营养可用性的传感器，又是代谢率的调节者。”由此可知这里由于酶能够抑制热量的产生，它可能会作为一种替代热量限制的作用的药物来研发出来，作为延长人类寿命的药。因此选项C正确。

9.单选题

Allworkers,regardlessoftheirsexandeducation,arerequiredto（）attheageof60.

问题1选项

A.resign

B.retire

C.regain

D.retain

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，这里指退休，只有选项B符合要求。

10.单选题

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproducesintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

3.Thereadercanconcludethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof

（

）.

5.Thewords"priorto"(Para.2)probablymean（

）.

问题1选项

A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems

D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

问题2选项

A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater

C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation

D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals

问题3选项

A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems

B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

D.someindustriesarenowaskingeconomicuseofwastes

问题4选项

A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols

B.opinionsandpersonalobservations

C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms

D.strongargumentsandpersuasions

问题5选项

A.after

B.during

C.before

D.beyond

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。原文第一段首先指出未来的水问题将变得更加严重和复杂，尤其是污水问题。接下来在二三段主要讲解决污水问题的方法。所以本文主要的目的是为了让人们了解污水问题，选项C正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“..increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.”可知选项B和C有涉及；根据第一段倒数第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.”可知选项D有涉及。只有选项A在文中没有信息提及。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.”其他行业正在探索废弃产物的潜在经济用途。选项D与原文表述一致。

4.判断推理题。从全文来看，作者只是在表达个人的观点以及陈述个人观察的结果:介绍水污染及其解决办法，所以选项B正确。

5.词汇题。根据句意可知，“theprocessingofsolidwastes”应该是在“disposal”之前，所以选项C正确。

11.不定项选择题

TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.

Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper—printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.

Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.

PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”

Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasablunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?“Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid.“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.”

Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping,”Perettisaid.“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit.WhichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscription.

“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness,”Perettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’redoingthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges.Inthosesituations,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethanlessaggressive.”

1.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlydueto______.

2.Perettisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesshould______.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata”legacyproduct”______.

4.Perettibelievesthatinachangingworld______.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

问题1选项

A.theincreasingonlineandsales

B.thepressurefromitsinvestors

C.thecomplaintsfromitsreaders

D.thehighcostofoperation

问题2选项

A.makestrategicadjustments

B.endtheprintseditionforgood

C.seeknewsourcesofleadership

D.aimforefficientmanagement

问题3选项

A.helpsrestorethegloryofformertimes

B.ismeantforthemostloyalcustomers

C.willhavethecostofprintingreduced

D.expandsthepopularityofthepaper

问题4选项

A.traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffected

B.cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solving

C.aggressivenessbettermeetschallenges

D.legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdated

问题5选项

A.ShifttoOnlineNewspapersallatOnce.

B.CherishtheNewspapersStillinYourHand.

C.KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion.

D.MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlydueto______.1.《纽约时报》正考虑终止印刷版，部分原因是______。

A.theincreasingonlineandsalesA.在线版和销量的增长

B.thepressurefromitsinvestorsB.来自投资者的压力

C.thecomplaintsfromitsreadersC.读者的抱怨

D.thehighcostofoperationD.印刷成本高

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】首先定位首段首句“终有一天，《纽约时报》会停止在报纸上发表文章”可知，这是题干的同义表达，然后第二段第二句解释了其具体原因“制造纸质报纸所需要的基础设施——印刷机、送货卡车——不仅昂贵；而且一个只提供在线服务的竞争对手却没有这样的经济上的限制，这是过分的”，从中可知，《纽约时报》正考虑终止印刷版，部分原因是因为印刷成本昂贵，D项“印刷成本高”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“在线版和销量的增长”、B项“来自投资者的压力”、C项“读者的抱怨”没有提到，这三项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.Perettisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesshould______.2.佩雷蒂建议，面对目前的情况，《纽约时报》应该______。

A.makestrategicadjustmentsA.进行战略调整

B.endtheprintseditionforgoodB.永远停止印刷煽动

C.seeknewsourcesofleadershipC.寻找新的领导资源

D.aimforefficientmanagementD.追求高效率的管理

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据关键词Peretti定位至第四段第一句“佩雷蒂说，《纽约时报》不应该浪费时间退出印刷版业务，但必须采取正确的方式”，理解可知，佩雷蒂建议《纽约时报》应该找到一种正确的方法来解决这件事情，所以A项“进行战略调整”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“永远停止印刷煽动”，原文提到佩雷蒂认为不应该浪费时间退出印刷版业务，所以该项属于反向干扰；

C项“寻找新的领导资源”和D项“追求高效率的管理”没有提到，这两项属于无中生有。

3.【选项释义】

3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata”legacyproduct”______.3.从第5段和第6段可以推断“传统产品”______。

A.helpsrestorethegloryofformertimesA.帮助恢复昔日的荣耀

B.ismeantforthemostloyalcustomersB.是针对最忠实的客户

C.willhavethecostofprintingreducedC.印刷成本会降低

D.expandsthepopularityofthepaperD.扩大报纸的受欢迎程度

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先定位第五段最后一句“我不会选择一年结束印刷业，我会提高价格，让它更像一款传统产品”可以看出，佩雷蒂认为不仅要提高传统产品的价格，还要将它变为一种可以传承的产物，接着第六段开头提到“最忠实的客户仍然会得到他们喜欢的产品，他们会觉得他们在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量”，然后提到如果每年增加一些比例，依旧可以创收，紧接着提到“如果你要做一个印刷产品，那就为那些已经对它着迷的人做吧”，综合理解可知，对于最忠实的客户来说，如果把传统产品进行改造，那么对于他们来说这就是一件可以传承的东西，由此推断，“传统产品”是针对最忠实的客户，该题选择B项“是针对最忠实的客户”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“帮助恢复昔日的荣耀”和C项“印刷成本会降低”没有提到，该项属于无中生有；

D项“扩大报纸的受欢迎程度”，“传统产品”针对的是忠实的客户，让这个产品变成可以传承的东西，并没有扩大受欢迎程度，该项属于曲解原文。

4.【选项释义】

4.Perettibelievesthatinachangingworld______.4.佩雷蒂认为，在一个不断变化的世界，______。

A.traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffectedA.传统奢侈品不会受到影响

B.cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solvingB.谨慎有助于解决问题

C.aggressivenessbettermeetschallengesC.积极进取能更好地迎接挑战

D.legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdatedD.传统企业正在变得过时

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据原文末段最后两句“但我们会有这样的问题，当市场和世界变化时，我们正在做的事情没有意义。在这种情况下，积极进取总比不那么积极进取要好（it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethanlessaggressive）。”可知，佩雷蒂认为，在一个不断变化的世界，tobemoreaggressive（积极进取）才更好处理世界变化带来的挑战，C项“积极进取能更好地迎接挑战”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“传统奢侈品不会受到影响”表述过于绝对，该项属于曲解原文；

B项“谨慎有助于解决问题”在佩雷蒂的观点中没有体现，相反他建议要有所改变，并且要采取正确的方式，该项属于反向干扰；

D项“传统企业正在变得过时”中的legacybusinesses（传统企业）没有在文中讨论，该项属于无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?5.下面哪个选项是这篇文章最好的标题？

A.ShifttoOnlineNewspapersallatOnce.A.同时转向在线报纸。

B.CherishtheNewspapersStillinYourHand.B.珍惜手中的报纸。

C.KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion.C.让你的报纸永远时尚。

D.MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood.D.让你的纸质报纸成为奢侈品。

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】首先定位文