考研考博-英语-安徽科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

问题2选项

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

问题3选项

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

问题4选项

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是录音中给出的关于过度合作的信息。录音开头提到过于强调成为一个好的团队成员会对职业发展产生负面影响，这里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即问题中所说的beingovercollaborative,因此C选项“可能阻碍个人职业发展”符合原文。A选项“它可能给团队成员带来太大压力”；B选项“它可能会损害当今的职场文化”和D选项“它可能会导致人们不愿意冒险”在录音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问关于参与合作项目的人，说话者说了什么？录音提到，合作会使个人能力和个人贡献更难被外人发现（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D选项“他们可能会发现自己的贡献很难被识别出来”与之表述相符，因此正确。A选项“他们几乎不能表达他们原来的观点”，录音说的是“他们太过隐藏自己的观点”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A选项不正确；录音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并没有提到“合作”对创造力和动力的影响，因此B选项“他们最终可能会失去信心和创造力”和C选项“他们会变得更没有动力去做自己的项目”均不正确。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问人们从团队合作中得到什么益处？录音提到，在团队中工作有很大的好处——团队也许会多次获得成功，并经常获得认可，团队成员便有更多的机会来扩大其职业关系网（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B选项“他们可以扩大自己的职业圈子”与之表述相符。A选项“他们可能有机会从事研究工作”这一信息在录音中并未提及；C选项“他们可以更容易地完成项目”，录音中没有对比个人项目和团队项目哪个更容易完成，因此可排除；D选项“他们可以充分利用自己的专业知识”，利用录音中的expertise设置干扰，录音中指的是与专业知识互补的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的专业知识，因此D选项也不正确。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么花太多时间以求达成共识会令人讨厌？录音最后提到，当我们过度合作时，会希望每个人都同意某个决定，而这会造成不必要的延误（createunnecessarydelays），也就是说“可能会妨碍我们及时做出决定”，因此A选项正确。B选项“可能会在团队中引起很多争论”在录音中未提及；C选项“可能剥夺团队的商业机会”，主要是利用录音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晋升机会）和groupprojectopportunity（团队项目机会）设干扰，但这些不等同于C选项中的businessopportunities（商业机会），因此C选项不能选；D选项“可能会产生很多不必要的费用”在录音中也没有信息提及。

2.单选题

SuchalarmsreflectedtheAlsop’stendencytocloaktheiranalysesinportentoustermsofdreadanddismay.

问题1选项

A.ominous

B.foppish

C.gregarious

D.remunerative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项ominous“预兆的；不吉利的”；B选项foppish“浮华的；矫饰的；有纨绔习气的”；C选项gregarious“社交的；群居的”；D选项remunerative“有利可图的；有报酬的；合算的”。句意：这样的警告反映了阿尔索普家族倾向于用可怕的恐惧和沮丧来掩盖他们的分析。portentous“不祥的；预兆的；令人惊讶的”。A选项与该词意思最相近，因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Justlikelastyear’ssmartphone,theMate10modelswill________performanceovertimebylearningwhichappsyouuseregularly.

问题1选项

A.optimize

B.substitute

C.legitimate

D.mobilize

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.optimize优化，充分利用B.substitute代替，取代

C.legitimate使合法，使正当D.mobilize组织，动员

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和下文的“performance（性能）”构成动宾逻辑，表示Mate10这款手机会怎么样自己的性能，它的方式是“通过了解你经常使用的（useregularly）应用程序”，由此可知，这样会使手机的性能更好。optimize指使某物尽可能好或以最好的方式使用某物，因此A选项optimize“优化，充分利用”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项substitute“代替，取代”指用某事物取代另一事物，不符合题干的语义逻辑；

C选项legitimate“使合法，使正当”指使某物或某人合法化，不符合题干的语义逻辑；

D选项mobilize“组织，动员”指组织一群人为达到某一特定目标而共同努力，不能和“performance（性能）”进行搭配。

【句意】就像去年的智能手机一样，Mate10将通过了解你经常使用的应用程序，随着时间的推移来优化性能。

4.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat（）wehadtostopforrefreshments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atease

C.atrandom

D.atintervals

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配词组辨析。atlarge“详尽的”;atease“安逸,舒适”;atrandom“随便地,任意地”;atintervals“不时地,间断地”。句意:讨论时间太长,使人精疲力竭,我们不得不不时地停下来吃点点心。选项D符合句意。

5.单选题

Allofthosepresentatthemeetingconsideredthecombinationoftheorywithpracticeas（

）greatimportance.

问题1选项

A.for

B.very

C.to

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】句意:出席会议的那些人都认为理论与实践相结合非常重要。

考查固定搭配。beof+名词=be+名词同源的形容词形式。因此Beofimportance=beimportant。

6.单选题

Dr.Hawkinghasmademuchcontributiontothetheoriesofmodemphysicsatthe________ofhishealth.

问题1选项

A.cost

B.disposal

C.mercy

D.expenditure

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。这道题考查关于atthe…of的词组。A选项atthecostof“以……为代价”；B选项atthedisposalof“任凭使用”；C选项atthemercyof“受……的支配”；D选项，干扰项，因为没有attheexpenditureof这种搭配，所以首先就可以排除D。句意：霍金博士对当代物理学作出了很大的贡献，这一切都是（）他的健康。显然霍金的成就是以他的健康为代价的，所以答案选A。

7.单选题

JapanbecamethetopinvestmentdestinationforChinesepropertyinvestmentin2014duetothe（）oftheJapaneseyen.

问题1选项

A.attachment

B.amendment

C.depreciation

D.abbreviation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项attachment表示“附件，依恋”；B选项amendment表示“修正，改正”；C选项depreciation表示“折旧，贬值”；D选项abbreviation表示“缩写，简写”。由原文句意可知，2014年日本成为中国房地产投资的首选投资目的地是因为日元（）。因此，depreciation最符合句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。

8.单选题

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto（）foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

问题1选项

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项manipulate“操纵，操作”，B项regulate“调节，控制”，C项dominate“占优势，支配”，D项prevail表示“盛行，流行”。句意：预计政府将制定新的立法来规范外国在房地产领域的投资。因此B项正确。

9.单选题

Itshowshoweconomicandsocialand,aboveall,politicalchangeshaveplayedtheir

part,sothat,correctly（

）,thepostagestampinwhichmillionsofpeople,youngand

old,findpleasure,knowledgeandevenprofit,hasalwaysbeenafaithfulmirrorofthetimes.

问题1选项

A.interpreting

B.beinginterpreted

C.tobeinterpreted

D.interpreted

【答案】D

【解析】非谓语动词的用法。A选项interpreting动词的分词形式，表示主动；B选项beinginterpreted动词被动语态的分词形式；C选项tobeinterpreted动词被动语态的不定式，表示将来或打算；D选项interpreted动词的过去分词。句意：最重要的是，这说明了经济、社会、政治变化如何发挥作用，从而，正确理解应该是，…分析句子可知空格前的内容与interpret之间为被动关系，且应该是过去发生，而不是正在发生或将要发生，D选项正确。

10.单选题

（）dullhemaybe，heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

问题1选项

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查句子结构。A、B、C、D四个选项中，后面可以直接修饰形容词的只有D选项however。A选项although“尽管，虽然”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：althoughhemaybedull；B选项whatever“不论什么”，后面应该接名词；C选项as“尽管，正如”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：dullashemaybe；句意：无论他多么迟钝，他都是一名当之无愧的成功高层主管人员。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

11.单选题

The____oftestsintheUnitedStatesinstitutionscanbeanewandfrighteningexperienceformanyforeignstudents.

问题1选项

A.presence

B.frequency

C.efficiency

D.confidence

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.presence存在；出席B.frequency发生率；出现率

C.efficiency效率；效能D.confidence信心；信任

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：对许多外国学生来说，美国教育机构考试的……可能是一种新的可怕的经历。根据句意，应该是这些考试的存在让外国学生感到害怕。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】对许多外国学生来说，在美国院校进行考试可能是一种新的、令人恐惧的经历。

12.单选题

HamiltonhopedforanationofcitieswhileJeffersoncontentedthatthecountryshouldremainchieflyagricultural.

问题1选项

A.inclined

B.struggled

C.argued

D.competed

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。汉密尔顿希望建立一个工业化国家，而杰佛逊则认为农业是国之根本。incline倾斜，点头，易于。struggle奋斗，努力。argue主张，认为。compete竞争，比赛。content赞成。故选C。

13.单选题

Thoughsteamengineshavenowpassedthe______oftheirusefulness,theirheritageremains.

问题1选项

A.prime

B.era

C.epoch

D.date

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.prime年富力强的时期；鼎盛时期B.era时代；年代

C.epoch纪元；时期D.date日期；日子

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息passedthe______oftheirusefulness（过了它们使用的______）和主句theirheritageremains（但它的传统依然存在）可推知，该句表示的是“即使蒸汽机过了当初的鼎盛时期，但它的传统依然存在至今”，空格处表示“鼎盛时期”符合句意，故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B、C项都是指历史上的一段时期，尤指发生重要事件或变化的时期，不符合句意；

D项不符合句意。

【句意】尽管蒸汽机现在已不再有用，但它的传统依然存在。

14.单选题

TheChinagovernmenthasannounceditsintentiontodoublethecountry’sinvestmentinresearchonsolarpoweroverthenextthreeyears.

问题1选项

A.TheChinagovernment

B.itsintentiontodouble

C.inresearchon

D.overthenext

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】theChinagovernment应改为theChinesegovernment或thegovernmentofChina.

15.单选题

Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.Thetraditionalintentofacraftlikeceramicsistoserveautilitarianfunctionanditsabilitytoactinthiscapacityisessentiallydependentupontheskillofproperlyshapingavesseltocorrespondtoitstask,soneitheritsexactmannerofconstruction(byhandorwheel,coilorslab)northesignificanceofimageryglazedonitssurfacechangesitsprimaryrole“tocontain”,thoughitmayaddtoitsvalue.Whileceramicistsmustthinkandconstructartaccordingtocertainpatternsofutilitarianform,followingaprototypalmodelthatrelatestotheartwork’spurpose,finearthasnosuchrequirement.

Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.AnexaminationofthisapparentinconsistencyrevealsboththeGreek’shighregardforaestheticsandtheexplanationthatfineartistsusuallycreatedthepaintingsonthevasesmadebypotters.ThoughGreekvasepaintingdiffersgreatlyfromtheworkofmodernartistPabloPicasso,hetoopaintedonceramicobjectsmadebyothers.Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms,itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.

Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.Frequently,artthatservesadecorativefunctionisconfusedwithbothutilitarianandfineartbecauseofitssimilarappearance,butthefunctionofdecorativeartistheformitself,itisnotcompelledtofulfilleitherautilitariantaskoraddressconceptsthatexemplifyitshistoricperiod.Communicationwouldappearredundantiffineartists,likeutilitariananddecorativeartists,weretoproduceunlimitednumbersofthesameobject.Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.Therefore,archaeologistsshouldbeawarethatanartifactproducedinanywaybyformulaisnotfineart.Thefineartist’sprocessiscontinuousfromthemomentofconceptionuntilapieceiscomplete,andthuseverythingisthoughtofintermsofcontext,sothat,asageneralguide,archaeologistsshouldconsidernomarkwithinaworkunimportantandonlydefineitsmeaninginrelationtothewholepiece.

36.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

37.Accordingtothepassage,the"earliervases"mentionedinthesecondparagraphconstitutewhichofthefollowing?

38.Accordingtothepassage,theformwhichfinearttakesatanygivenhistoricalmomentisoftendictatedby（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sviewoftheargumentthatfineartmaybedistinguishedasacategorybyitsphysicalform?

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfineartsproductionisbestsupportedbytheinformationpresentedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.distinguishingmutuallyexclusivecategories

B.clarifyinganapparentcontradiction

C.supportingnewideas

D.analyzingaproblem

问题2选项

A.Theproductofmixedmediaart,involvinghybridforms.

B.Acaseofprimarilyutilitarianartbeingputtodecorativepurposes.

C.Utilitarianartwhosemakersweresolelyconcernedwithfunctionality.

D.Fineart,whoseprimarypurposeistoconveyaestheticmeaning.

问题3选项

A.thelevelofcontinuityintheartist’sthinkingprocess

B.theconceptswhichexemplifythehistoricalperiodofitscreation

C.thetechnologyavailabletotheartistatthetimetheartpieceiscreated

D.thelevelofskillwhichtheartistbringstotheartwork

问题4选项

A.Outrightapproval.

B.Skepticism.

C.Neutrality.

D.Indignation.

问题5选项

A.Thebestfineartisinsomecasesproducedbyformula,resultinginmassquantitiesofasingleobject.

B.Onceanartistcreatesawork,thereisusuallylittlebenefitinhisduplicatingit,asithasalreadyconveyeditsmeaning.

C.Inaestheticterms,fineartisoftenconsideredsuperiortodecorativeart,whosebeautyislimitedbyfunctionality.

D.Atthepresenthistoricalmoment,hightechnologylikeelectronicsseldomplaysaroleinartsotherthanfinearts.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】36.主旨大意。原文第一段第一句提到Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.（为了便于进入美术思维，避免在基本方面被误导，考古学家必须理解定义和管理每一个艺术类别的原则，无论是实用主义的、精细的还是装饰性的。），说明作者在分析一个问题。从而得出本题答案。

37.细节推断。根据题干“earliervases”定位到原文第二段第一句Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.（优秀的艺术家经常使用混合或新媒介的作品，以希腊古时期的花瓶为例，这是早期花瓶范式的一种反常，因为后期的花瓶不仅具有“容纳”的作用，而且还具有传达思想的作用。）分析第一句可知earliervases指代前文的“mixedornewmedia”,从而得出本题答案。

38.细节推理题。根据题干关键词“fineart”定位到原文第二段最后一句Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms，itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.（对比古代美术形式，如绘画、石雕或金属雕塑，与当代美术形式，如计算机艺术、视频图像和全息图，可以看到，随着文化的技术转变，其变化可见于美术的结构形式。）根据信息点“technology”,“visible”“thestructuralforms”即可得出本题答案。

39.

观点态度题。通读全文，根据原文作者论述的语调和原文最后一段第一句Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.（同时，艺术的变化表明其职责反映和创造新的文化的认知，但形式本身是不足以对象为艺术类别进行分类。）中“insufficient”可知作者的态度是skepticism，从而得出本题答案。

40.细节归纳题。根据原文最后一段第四句Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.（一旦一个想法被文化所吸收，就没有必要再去讨论它，除非艺术家们能更清晰地定义或重新定义它。）中的信息点“anideaisassimilated,nolongeraneed”“clearlydefiningorredefiningit”，即可得出本题答案。

16.单选题

Maggieranbacktothekitchen,eggs（

）carefullyinherhands.

问题1选项

A.tobeheld

B.wereheld

C.held

D.holding

【答案】C

【解析】句意:马吉跑回厨房，鸡蛋小心地握在手中。

语法题。考查独立主格。分析题干可知,句子前半句已完整,所以句子结构为主句加分句,或者主句加独立主格结构。空格处不可能为谓语动词。排除B。分句主语eggs“鸡蛋”应该是被放在手上。A选项tobeheld表示的是一种目的，或者是将来要发生的事情，不符题意。C选项逻辑主语与动词hold之间是被动关系，符合题意。

17.单选题

IfItakethismedicinetwiceadayitshould（）mycold.

问题1选项

A.heat

B.cure

C.treat

D.recover

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:heat“使温暖，使发热”；B:cure“治疗，治愈”；C:treat“对待；治疗”；D:recover“恢复；重新获得”。句意：假如这种药我一天吃两次，它就可以治愈我的感冒。结合此处语境，和感冒相关，故B为正确答案。

18.单选题

Peopleweresurprisedtofindthathehadtheabilityto（）everythinghewasinvolvedin.

问题1选项

A.precede

B.dominate

C.pervade

D.denominate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项precede“领先，在……之前”，指在次序或地位上先于或高于；B项dominate“控制，支配”，指施加决定性、引导性影响于……；C项pervade“遍及，弥漫”，D项denominate“为……命名；把……称作……”。句意：人们惊讶地发现，他有能力支配他所参与的一切。根据句意，该题选B正确。

19.单选题

Springfieldfirefightersquickly（）aburningSUVinaparkinglotinForestPark.Thecauseremainsunderinvestigation.

问题1选项

A.extinguished

B.excluded

C.exceeded

D.exposed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。extinguish熄灭，压制；exclude排斥；exceed超过，expose暴露。由firefighter可推知消防员将火扑灭了。故A项正确。句意：斯普林菲尔德消防员迅速熄灭了在森林公园的一个停车场燃烧的SUV。事故原因仍在调查中。

20.单选题

Livingwitharoommate（

）constraintonher—shecouldn’tplayhertrumpetorhave

partieslateatnight.

问题1选项

A.imposed

B.illustrated

C.impressed

D.left

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。impose“强加”，imposeon意为“强加于……”；illustrate“阐明，解释说明，图解”，后一般接动词by；impress“给予某人深刻印象”，impresson意为“给……留下印象”；left“留下，离开”。句意：和室友住在一起使她很拘束——她不能吹喇叭，也不能在深夜参加聚会。选项A更符合语境，表示无形中施加的一种压力。

21.单选题

By（

）allofthemoredifficultquestionsbythepress,themayorarousedsuspicionthathewasnotwellinformedintheissues.

问题1选项

A.avoiding

B.considering

C.answering

D.requesting

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。avoid意为“避免”；consider意为“考虑”；answer意为“答复”；request意为“要求”。

句意：通过回避媒体提出的所有更棘手的问题，市长引起了人们的怀疑，人们认为他不了解这个问题。

22.单选题

Thecoast（）slowlyasourshipsailedouttosea.

问题1选项

A.receded

B.conceded

C.proceeded

D.exceeded

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项recede“后退；减弱”；B选项concede“承认；退让；给予”；C选项proceed“开始；继续进行；发生；行进”；D选项exceed“超过；胜过”。句意：这个海岸随着我们的船驶向大海而慢慢地后退。结合此处语义，A选项正确。

23.单选题

Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossess,iftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburntitbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist一isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.

Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Eveninyourhouseyouarenotabsolutelysafe;anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse,orantsmayeatawaysomeofthebeamsinyourroofsothatthelatterfallsonyou,oryoumaygetcancer!

Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.Fearwillwarnyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactionstoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou,youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.

Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingontoyourhouse.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning;youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearofthisparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.

1.Childrenwouldplaywithfireuntiltheirhandswereburntawayif（）.

2.Areallyfearlesssoldier（）.

3.Fearshouldbeusedproperlybecause（）.

4.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated?

问题1选项

A.theyweregivennowarningbeforehand

B.theyhadneverburntthemselves

C.theyhadnosenseofpain

D.theywerefearfulofthefire

问题2选项

A.isoflittleusetothearmy

B.iswithoutequal

C.isnothingbutadeadsoldier

D.easilygetskilledinabattle

问题3选项

A.anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse

B.youmaygetcancer

C.fearcanbeusedasaservantandguide

D.menarenowlettingfearrulethemtoomuch

问题4选项

A.theyhavegainedexperience

B.theyjumpoutofthewayintime

C.theyarecalminfaceofdanger

D.theyarewarnedofthedangerandcantakequickaction

问题5选项

A.Fearisalwayssomethinghelpful.

B.Toomuchfearisharmful.

C.Fearoughttobeusedasaservantandguide.

D.Fearissomethingunprofitable

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.”如果火在燃烧时没有伤到孩子，他们就会一直玩到火烧到自己的手为止。选项B符合原文。

2.细节推断题。根据关键词“fearlesssoldier”定位到第一段第四句“Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist一isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;”一个无畏的士兵不是一个好士兵,因为他很快就会被杀。选项D符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段第一句“Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.”重要的是不要让恐惧支配你，而是要把恐惧当作你的仆人和向导。选项C符合原文。

4.细节推断题。根据题第三段的二三句“Fearwillwarnyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactionstoavoidthedanger.”恐惧会警告你有危险；然后你必须决定采取什么行动。在大多数情况下，你可以采取快速和成功的行动来避免危险。选项D符合原文。

5.推断题。选项A中always表述错误；选项C是原文已经阐明的观点；选项D不符合原文。只有选项B正确且符合原文。

24.单选题

Thenewly-builtapartmentiswell______.

问题1选项

A.ventilated

B.meditated

C.irritated

D.evaluated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项ventilate“使通风，给……装通风设备”，B项meditate“考虑，计划，企图”，C项irritate“刺激，使兴奋，激怒”，D项evaluate“评价，估价”。由主语newly-builtapartment（新建的公寓）可知，空格处填入“通风”符合语境。句意：这座新建的公寓通风良好。因此，该题选择A项。

25.翻译题

我的导师是亚裔美国人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间内必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所待的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只有5人。

【答案】MysupervisorisofAsianorigin.Heisaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes,withairritabletemper.Nevertheless,hehighlyappreciatestheindustryandthesolidfoundationalknowledgeofAsianstudentsandhasaparticularlykeeninsightintowhatAsianstudentshaveontheirmind.Hence,ofallthestudentsrecruitedintohislaboratory,exceptforoneGerman,theotherfivewereallfromAsia.Heevenputaneye-catchingnoticeonthedoorofhislab,whichread,“Alltheresearchassistantsofthislaboratoryarerequiredtowork7daysaweek,from10:00a.m.to12:00p.m..Nothingbutworkduringtheworkinghours.”Thissupervisorisreputedontheentirecampusforhisseverityandharshness.Duringthe3andahalfyearsthatIstayedthere,atotalof14studentswererecruitedintohislaboratoryandonly5ofthemstayeduntiltheygraduatedwiththeirPh.D.degrees.

26.单选题

Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(辍学者)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.Somehaveplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.

Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent,andinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.

Discussingthestudylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated‘becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPh.D.programswerecapableofcompetingtherequirementforthedegree.Attrition(缩/减员，磨损)atthePh.D.levelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.’

“Theresultsofourresearch,”Dr.Tuckerconcluded,“didnotsupporttheseopinions.”

1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.

2.Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialities.

3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.

Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPh.D.program,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.

Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePh.D.swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePh.D.sshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%for