考研考博-英语-天津艺术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津艺术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Reading（）themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge;itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

问题1选项

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.furnishes

D.qualifies

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。rectifies改正；prolongs延长；furnishes提供；qualifies准予，取得资格。furnish…with提供…;句意：阅读只为心灵提供知识素材，只有思考才能让我们阅读的内容成为我们自己的知识。只有C项符合句意。

2.填空题

Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecan(1)verypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayorintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguages(2)showuslanguageinanewandemergingstate.Itisoftensaid,ofcourse,thatlanguageoriginated(3)criesofanger,fear,painandpleasure,butthenecessaryevidenceisentirelylacking:therearenoremotetribes,noancientrecords,(4)evidenceofalanguagewithalargerproportionofsuchcriesthanwefindinEnglish.Itistruethattheabsenceofsuchevidencedoesnotdisprovethetheory,butonothergrounds,thetheoryisnotveryattractive.People(5)allracesandlanguagesmakerathersimilarnoisesinreturntopainorpleasure.ThefactthatsuchnoisesaresimilaronthelipsofFrenchmenandMalaysianswhoselanguagesareutterlydifferentservestoemphasize(6)thefundamentaldifference(7)thesenoisesandlanguageproper.Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetoalargeextentwhereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsist(8)signsbutofthosethathavetobelearnt.

【答案】1.【答案】make

2.【答案】that/which

3.【答案】in

4.【答案】providing

5.【答案】of

6.【答案】on

7.【答案】between

8.【答案】of

【解析】1.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少一个动词，做主语从句中的谓语动词，根据宾语statements可知，makestatementsabout为常用搭配，表示“表明，阐述”。因此，该空格处填入make。

【句意】综上所述，必须清楚的是，没有人能够断言语言的起源。

2【考查点】定语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格后面应该为一个定语从句修饰限定前面的material（资料），因此空格处应填入一个定语从句的引导词。因此，该空格处填入that/which。

【句意】在现今的任何语言或最早的古代语言记录中，都没有任何材料能够以一种新的、新兴的状态向我们展示语言。

3.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】由关键词originate可知，originatein为固定搭配，表示“起源于，源于”。因此，该空格处填入in。

【句意】当然，人们常说，语言起源于愤怒、恐惧、痛苦和快乐的哭喊。

4.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，句子已经有系动词are，而空格处缺少一个动词，所以只能用非谓语动词的形式，由空格处后面的宾语evidence（证据）可知，空格处填入providing符合句意。

【句意】没有任何遥远的部落，没有任何古老的记录，能证明有一种语言中这种叫喊的比例比我们在英语中发现的还要高。

5.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，此处应填入一个介词连接people和allracesandlanguages（所有种族和语言），故此处填入of，表示“所有种族和语言的人”。

【句意】所有种族和语言的人都发出类似的声音来反馈痛苦或快乐。

6.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】由关键词emphasize可知，emphasizeon为固定搭配，表示“强调”。因此，该空格处填入on。

【句意】法国人和马来西亚人的语言完全不同，但他们嘴上的声音却很相似，这是为了强调根本的区别。

7.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】Difference后面的介词常用between或in，根据空格后的thesenoisesandlanguage（这些噪音和语言）可知，between…and…（在……和……之间）符合，因此，该空格处填入between。

【句意】法国人和马来西亚人的语言是完全不同的，但他们嘴上的这种声音是相似的，这就强调了这些声音与语言本身的根本区别。

8.【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】由关键词consist可知，consistof为固定搭配，表示“由……组成，由……构成”。因此，该空格处填入of。

【句意】我们可以说，痛苦的叫喊或娱乐的笑声很大程度上是反射行为，在很大程度上是本能的，而恰当的语言并不由符号组成，而是由那些必须学会的符号组成。

3.单选题

Manyproblemsthatweface,suchasdepression,compulsiveandaddictivebehaviors,andanxiety,resultfromhumaninherentdesiretoseekpleasure.

问题1选项

A.consecutive

B.excessive

C.obsessive

D.possessive

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.consecutive连贯的；连续不断的B.excessive过多的

C.obsessive强迫性的；着迷的D.possessive占有的；所有的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】划线单词前面说我们面临许多行为，这些行为有抑郁和成瘾性行为，以及焦虑，都是一些不好的行为，划线处单词与这些行为并列，由此可知划线处单词也是不好的行为。所以C选项“强迫性”符合题意。划线单词compulsive“强迫性的”。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】我们所面临的许多问题，如抑郁、强迫性和成瘾行为，以及焦虑，都是源于人类内在的寻求快乐的欲望。

4.单选题

Theteamhasbeenworkingovertimeontheresearchproject（

）.

问题1选项

A.lately

B.justnow

C.late

D.longago

【答案】A

【解析】考察副词词义辨析。lately“近来，不久前”；justnow“刚刚”；late“晚，迟；在晚期”；longago“很久以前”。句意：这个团队近来一直在为这个项目加班。选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

Johnsaidthattherichercountriesoftheworldshouldmakea（）efforttohelpthepoorercountries.

问题1选项

A.futile

B.glittering

C.frantic

D.concentrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。futile“徒劳的”；glittering“闪闪发光的”；frantic“狂乱的”；concentrated“集中的”。句意：约翰说更富裕的国家应该集中去帮助贫穷的国家。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Childrenalwaysare（）aboutthingstheydonotknow.

问题1选项

A.curious

B.queer

C.strange

D.quaint

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Curious“好奇的”；queer“奇怪的”；strange“奇怪的”；quaint“离奇有趣的”。句意：孩子们往往对他们所不知道的事情感到好奇。选项A符合题意。

7.翻译题

1999年，中国开始进入老龄化社会。2004年年底,60岁以上的人口达到1.43亿，占全国人口总数的10.97%。至此，中国成为世界上拥有最多老龄人口的国家。有专家说1990年到2033年是中国的“人口红利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降，老龄人口还不算太多，这一时期是有助于经济发展的。

2010年到2013年中国劳动力人口将达到9亿人，在这之后“红利”会变成“赤字”，也就是说，这以后需要照顾的老龄人口会迅速增加。据说2030年后的二十年是中国老龄化最严峻的时期。因此，要做好充分准备，好好利用人口红利期来解决严重的老龄化问题。

有报告称，中国是典型的成为富裕国家前就面临老龄化社会的国家。这是长期的问题，也需要很长时间才能解决。中国一直坚持计划生育政策，人口增长的趋势得到了有效的控制。据估计，中国到2030年的总人口将达到14.65亿，届时会面临老龄化和人口出生率下降两大压力，这也一定会给国家的经济和社会发展带来巨大的压力。

这份报告还指出，中国在解决老龄化问题的意识、条件及法规上都严重滞后，因此，必须把这个问题的解决纳人到未来国家发展策略中。我们要及早关注老龄化人口的医疗资源，完善社会保障体系。在老龄人口达到顶峰前，建立一个健全的国家性社会保障机制。

【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.

Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.

Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbirthrate,whichwillalsoblockthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.

Thereportalsopointsoutthatforchinathereareseriouslagsintheconsciousness,therealityofconditionsandtherelevantregulationsaboutagingpopulation,andthusweshouldputitintotheoverallnationaldevelopmentstrategiclayout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothemedicalresourcesontheagingpopulationsasearlyaspossible,improvethesocialsafetynet,andsetuptheall-sidedguaranteeingsystembeforetheagingpopulationreachesthepeak.

8.单选题

WhatdoyouthinkofTom’sproposalthat______putontheplayattonight’sceremony?

问题1选项

A.wewillnot

B.wenot

C.wehadn’t

D.wewouldn’t

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆提议我们不在今晚的典礼上演出，你觉得怎么样?“一个坚持（insist）、两个命令（order,command）、三个建议（advise,suggest,propose）、四个要求（demand,require,request,ask）”这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略，所以B选项wenot符合题意。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Amtrak（美国铁路客运公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客运量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeendecliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevastareasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedtootherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelinordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.

Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:1）anxiousfliers—thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—thoseviewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartoftheirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiencessuchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.

Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

1.What'stheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassage?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedropinAmtrakridershipwasduetothefactthat（）.

3.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized（）.

4.Thetrainadswereplacedamongfamily-orientedTVprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericabecause（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofits

because（）.

问题1选项

A.Toshowtheinabilityoftrainstocompetewithplaneswithrespecttospeedandconvenience

B.TostresstheinfluenceoftheautomobileonAmerica'sstandardofconvenience

C.Toemphasizethefunctionoftravelagenciesinmarketpromotion

D.Toillustratetheimportantroleofpersuasivecommunicationinchangingconsumerattitudes

问题2选项

A.trainswerenotsuitableforshortdistancepassengertransportation

B.trainswerenotthefastestandmostconvenientformoftransportation

C.trainswerenotasfastandconvenientastheyusedtobe

D.trainscouldnotcompetewithplanesintermsofluxuryandconvenience

问题3选项

A.thefreedomandconvenienceprovidedontrains

B.thepracticalaspectsoftraintravel

C.theadventurousaspectsoftraintrips

D.thesafetyandcleanlinessoftraintrips

问题4选项

A.theycouldfocusonmeaningfultravelexperiences

B.theycouldincreasetheeffectivenessoftheTVprograms

C.theirprofitscouldbeincreasedbysome15percent

D.mosttravel-loversandnervousflierswerebelievedtobeamongtheaudiences

问题5选项

A.theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertised

B.itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperience

C.itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoors

D.itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.作者意图题。本文主要讲述了美国铁路客运公司为应对飞机和汽车的竞争所采取的应对策略，Amtrak将焦急的飞行者和旅游爱好者视为目标群体，然后对其进行广告的投放，最终取得一定效果。故作者的意图是强调广告的劝说性功能在改变消费者态度方面的作用。故D项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第一段“However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.然而，时代变了，汽车成为了美国方便的标准。而且，航空旅行很容易就成为长途旅行最快的方法。”可知美国铁路客运量下降主要是由于汽车和飞机的出现，火车不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B项正确。

3.细节事实题。由第二段“Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.它强调了乘坐火车所获得的体验，并将西方火车旅行描述为美妙的冒险。”可知DDBNeedham强调火车旅行的冒险性。故C项正确。

4.细节事实题。由最后一段“Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.这些广告被战略性地放置在以家庭为导向的涉及自然和美国的电视节目中，以便最有效地触及目标观众。”可知这些广告投放主要是为了能让目标观众看到，而前面已经提及目标观众是travel-lovers和fliers。故D项正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)广告展示了一些更著名的西部路线沿线可以欣赏的美丽风景的图片，并强调了这些火车的浪漫名字（帝国建造者等）。”可知帝国建造者号列车的客流量上升是源于列车的名字和广告中宣称的路线和风景。故A项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

10.单选题

______abombontheroad,thecarwasstopped.

问题1选项

A.Havingseen

B.Thedriverseeing

C.Seeing

D.Afterseeing

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Havingseen看到B.Thedriverseeing司机看到

C.Seeing看到

D.Afterseeing在看到……后

【答案】B

【考查点】独立主格结构。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，句子已经有谓语动词wasstopped，因此空格处需填入一个非谓语动词。主句主语是thecar（汽车），非谓语动词see的逻辑主语应该是thedriver（司机）。因此应用独立主格结构：名词/代词+非谓语动词。因此B项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句子逻辑。

【句意】司机看到路上有炸弹，于是把车停了下来。

11.单选题

Reductioninoverseasgovernmentexpendituretookplace,but（

）andmoregraduallythannowseemsdesirable.

问题1选项

A.reluctantly

B.unwittingly

C.impulsively

D.anxiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。reluctantly“不情愿地”；unwittingly“不知不觉地”；impulsively“有推动力的”；anxiously“不安地，忧虑地”。句意：海外政府开支有所减少，但是比现在所期望的要勉强并且缓慢。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Theleadersofthemythopoeticmen'smovementbelievethatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmen.Mythopoetsbelievethattheriseoftheurbanindustrialsociety"trappedmenintostraitjacketsofrationality,thusbluntingthepowerfulemotionalcommunionandcollectivespiritualtranscendencethattheybelievemenintribalsocietiestypicallyenjoyed".Mostimportantly,themovementseekstorestorethe"deepmasculine"tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles.Othercausesforthelossofthe"deepmasculine"include:Mennolongerbeingcomradeswhocelebratedtheirmasculinitytogether.Rather,theyhadbecomecompetitorswithintheirworkplaces;Menspendingmoretimeintheirhouseswithwomenthantheydidwithmen(innon-competitivetermsoutsideofwork).Excessiveinteractionwithwomengenerallykeptmenfromrealizingtheirinternalmasculinity;Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis);Theseparationofmenfromtheirfatherskeptthemfrombeingtrulyinitiatedintomanhood,andwasasourceofemotionaldamage.Menweresufferingfurtheremotionaldamageduetofeministaccusationsaboutsexism.Menshouldcelebratetheirdifferencesfromwomen,ratherthanfeelingguiltyaboutthem.Menisbeingdiscouragedfromexpressingtheiremotions.Maleinexpressivityisanepidemicanddoesnotcorrespondtotheir"deepmasculine"natures.Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe"deepmasculine."Becausemostmennolongerperformmasculinerituals,mythopoetsassertthatmenhavemutatedintodestructive,hypermasculinechauvinists,or,intheoppositedirection,havebecometoofeminized.Themythopoeticmenperformedritualsatthesegatherings,whichweremeanttoimitatethoseperformedbytribalsocietieswhenmeninitiatedboysintoadeeplyessentialnaturalmanhood.Themovementemphasizedtheimportanceofincludingmultiplegenerationsofmenintherituals,sothatthemencouldlearnaboutmasculinityfromthosewhowereolderandwiser.Characteristicoftheearlymythopoeticmovementwasatendencytoretellmyths,legendsandfolktales,andengageintheirexegesisasatoolforpersonalinsight.UsingfrequentreferencestoarchetypesasdrawnfromJungiananalyticalpsychology,themovementfocusedonissuesofgenderrole,genderidentityandwellnessforthemodernman(andwoman).Advocateswouldoftenengageinstorytellingwithmusic,theseactsbeingseenasamodernextensiontoaformof"newageshamanism"popularizedbyMichaelHarneratapproximatelythesametime.Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities.Forinstance,MichaelMessnerdescribestheconceptof"Zeusenergy"asemphasizing"maleauthorityacceptedforthegoodofthecommunity".Beliefsabouttheemotionalsystembasedinarchetypesofgreatmen,mythopoetssoughttochannelthesecharactersinthemselves,sothattheycouldunleashtheir"animal-males".ThisgroupprimarilyanalyzedthearchetypesofKing,Warrior,Magician,LoverandWildman.

Asaself-helpmovementthemythopoeticmovementtendsnottotakeexplicitstancesonpoliticalissuessuchasfeminism,gayrightsorfamilylaw(suchastheissuesofdivorce,domesticviolenceorchildcustody),preferringinsteadtostayfocusedonemotionalandpsychologicalwell-being.Becauseofthisneutrality,themovementbecameasiteofsocialcriticismbyfeminists,andwasoftencharacterizedasanti-intellectualaswellasapolitical.MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar.Themythopoetsrespondedthattheywerenotinterestedinintellectualorpoliticalpursuits,butwereprimarilyconcernedwithconductingspiritualandemotionalwork.Additionalfeministcritiquerevolvedaroundthemovement'sabsenceofwomen'sperspectives,aswellastheessentialisminthemovement'steachings.

1.Themythopoeticmen'smovementcanbestbeunderstoodas（

）.

2.Themythopoeticmen'smovementconsistsofgroupsofmenwhoretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertostrivefor

（

）.

3.Theideathatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmenmeansthat

（

）.

4.Therootissueis

（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,thecausesforrapemustbesoughtin（

）.

问题1选项

A.amen'sliterarymovement

B.amen'sliberationmovement

C.amen'srightsmovement

D.asecond-wavefeministmovement

问题2选项

A.gayrights

B.same-sexmarriage

C.masculinity

D.myths,legendsandfolktales

问题3选项

A.mencannotbethemselves

B.mencannolongermakefriends

C.men’svoicehavechanged

D.mencannotexpressthemselves

问题4选项

A.feminism

B.masculinity

C.sex

D.gender

问题5选项

A.thecelebrationofthearchetypeofthewarrior

B.theunleashingofmen's“animal-males”

C.domesticviolence

D.thelossofmasculinerituals

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。题干问的是：男权的神话运动可以被看作是?第一段指出：themovementseekstorestorethe“deepmasculine”tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles（这一运动旨在恢复那些在现代生活方式中丧失了“真男儿气概”的男人），以及Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女权主义引起了人们对“女性声音”的关注，也因为此，男权的神话运动中的男人感到他们的声音被压制了（尽管布莱和其他人都很小心地不把这归咎于女权主义），以及Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities（该运动试图通过将原型人物与他们自己的情感和能力匹配起来以赋予男性力量）。由此可以看出男权的神话运动呼吁男子气概，男性力量和男性权利。故选C项“男子权利运动”。

第2题:2.根据题干定位至第一段：Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe“deepmasculine.”（活动组成员主要是白人、中年男性和异性恋男性，他们暂离了爱人，为了参加强调同性交际，目标是恢复他们失去的，被叫作“真男儿气概”的男子气概的活动仪式。），因此C项“男子气概”正确。

第3题:3.语义题。题干所在句的后面句子指出：Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女权主义引起了人们对“女性声音”的关注，也因为此，男权的神话运动中的男人感到他们的声音被压制了（尽管布莱和其他人都很小心地不把这归咎于女权主义）。而且文章说男权的神话运动目的是恢复男子气概，倡导“男权”。因此男权的神话运动倡导者说：“现代化导致了男人的女性化”意思是“男性没有发言权了”，因此D项正确。

第4题:4.判断推理题。文章多次提到女权主义对男性女性化的影响。由此推断最根本的问题在于女权主义。故选A。

第5题:5.根据题干关键词定位至第二段：MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar（迈克尔梅斯纳曾在一次集会上发表演讲，他在会上谈到了为战士庆祝的危险，因为在那些宣扬战争的国家，强奸的发生频率更高）。由此可见强奸的发生归因于为战争英雄庆祝。故选A。

13.翻译题

Theonlyadvice,indeed,thatonepersoncangiveanotheraboutreadingistotakenoadvicetofollowyourowninstincts,touseyourownreason,tocometoyourownconclusions.

Ifthisisagreedbetweenus，thenIfeelatlibertytoputforwardafewideasandsuggestionsbecauseyouwillnotallowthemtofetter(禁锢)thatindependencewhichisthemostimportantqualitythatareadercanpossess.Afterall,whatlawscanbelaiddownaboutbooks?ThebattleofWaterloowascertainlyfoughtonacertainday；butisHamletabetterplaythanLear?Nobodycansay.Eachmustdecidethatquestionforhimself.

Everywhereelsewemaybeboundbylawsandconventions—therewehavenone.Then,howarewetobringorderintothismultitudinouschaosandgetthedeepestandwidestpleasurefromwhatweread?

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclasses—fiction，biography，poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionswhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor；trytobecomehim,Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback，andreserveandcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible，thesignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefineness,fromthetwistandturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.

“Wehaveonlytocompare”—withthosewordsthecatisoutofthebag,andthetruecomplexityofreadingisadmitted.Thefirstprocess,toreceiveimpressionswiththeutmostunderstanding,isonlyhalftheprocessofreading；itmustbecompleted,ifwearetogetthewholepleasurefromabook,byanother.

Wemustpassjudgmentuponthesemultitudinousimpressions;wemustmakeofthesefleetingshapesonethatishardandlasting.

【答案】如果我们对此达成共识，我就可以无拘束地提出一些看法和建议，因为你不会让这些看法和建议禁锢你的独立见解，而独立见解正是读者应该具备的最重要的品质。

在其他任何一个地方，我们都会受到法律和习俗的约束，唯独在读书方面没有。

毋庸讳言，既然书籍有类别之分——比如小说、传记、诗歌等，我们就应该将它们加以区分，并从各种不同类别的图书中获取有益的内容。

倘若你从未开卷便先行犹豫退缩、有所保留、批评苛求，那么你就在妨碍自己从阅读中最大限度地获取有用价值。

我们必须对各种感受进行梳理和鉴别：把变幻不定的印象固化为明确和持久的感受。

14.单选题

Ifyourepeatedlyfindyourself_______oragreeingtorequestsyouarereluctanttofulfillandfeelingunhappyabout,youmightwanttolookatsomereasonswhyyousayyeswhenyouprefertosayno.

问题1选项

A.abstaining

B.acquiescing

C.accommodating

D.articulating

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“abstaining”意为“（投票时）弃权；回避；自制”；B选项“acquiescing”意为“默许；勉强同意”；C选项“accommodating”意为“容纳；使适应；供应；调解”；D选项“articulating”意为“清晰地发（音）；明确有力地表达；用关节连接；使相互连贯”。句意：如果你不断地发现自己默许或同意那些你不愿去满足或感到不开心的要求，你可能想看看为什么你在更想说不的时候却说“是”的原因。由题干可知，or是并列连词表选择，说明横线处与agreeing（同意）意思相近，acquiescing有默许，勉强同意的意思。因此B选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Therulewillnolongerpermitustouseasevidencestatementsthathavebeenobtainedusingcruel,inhuman,ordegradinginterrogationmethods.

问题1选项

A.punching

B.disturbing

C.questioning

D.rejecting

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.punching拳打，以拳痛击B.disturbing打扰，干扰

C.questioning正式提问，质询D.rejecting拒绝接受，不予考虑

【答案】C

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】interrogation的意思为“审问”，这里指不能用残忍、不人道或有辱人格的审讯方法，questioning与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】该规则不再允许我们使用通过残忍、不人道或有辱人格的审讯方法获得的证词作为证据。

16.单选题

Therehasbeennothingmoreastonishingintheprogressofwarwhichisreallytheapplicationofthemechanicsofforcetohumannature（

）

thepositionthatpublicopinionoccupies.

问题1选项

A.as

B.to

C.than

D.better

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。nothingmore...than...意思为“没有什么比……更加……”。分析句子结构，空格后面是名词“position位置”，而前面有nothingmore出现，再结合上下文意思，故推断选项C为最佳答案。句意为：战争实际上是武力作用于人性，在这个过程中，没有什么比公众舆论占据的地位更让人吃惊的了。

17.单选题

Itwassoscorchinglyhotthatthewaterdropletsfallingonitdidn’tstayatall.Theyjust（）.

问题1选项

A.evacuated

B.evaporated

C.eliminated

D.escaped

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项evacuated“疏散；撤出”；B选项evaporated“蒸发；消失”；C选项eliminated“消除；排除”；D选项escaped“逃离；逃脱”。句意：天这么热，掉下来的水滴一点儿都没留下，都……了。水滴在阳光的炙热下会蒸发掉。因此B选项符合题意。

18.单选题

Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear,fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition.

In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplightwerevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnorsavetherich.

In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.

Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestrictureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Ye